Humax DVR IHDR 5200C User Manual

HD Digital Recorder  
Users Manual  
iHDR-5200C  
The default password is 0000.  
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Notice  
‘WEEE’ Instructions  
This product should not be disposed with other household wastes at the end of its working  
life. Please separate this from other types of wastes and recycle it responsibly to promote the  
sustainable reuse of material resources. This will prevent possible harm to the environment or  
human health from uncontrolled waste disposal.  
Domestic users:  
Please contact either the retailer where you purchased this product or their local government office for  
details of where and how they can take this item for environmentally safe recycling.  
Business users:  
Contact your supplier and check the terms and conditions of the purchase contract. This product should  
not be mixed with other commercial wastes for disposal.  
Trademarks  
Irdeto is a trademark of Irdeto Access B.V.  
Manufactured under license from Dolby Laboratories.  
Dolby and the double-D symbol are trademarks of Dolby Laboratories.  
HDMI, the HDMI Logo, and High-Definition Multimedia interface are trademarks and registered  
trademarks of HDMI Licensing LLC.  
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Contents  
English  
Notice  
1
Preferences  
47  
Parental Control  
Language Setting  
Setting Power On/Off Timer  
Video Setting  
Audio Setting  
Screen Display  
47  
48  
48  
49  
50  
51  
Quick Start Guide  
1. Checking Accessories  
2. Product Overview  
3. Connections  
4
4
4
8
4. Powering On  
5. First Installation Wizard  
6. Menu Overview  
11  
12  
14  
Installation  
52  
52  
53  
54  
Channel Search  
Software Update (OTA)  
Factory Default  
Basic Operation  
Changing Channels  
Volume / Mute / Audio  
Display Format / Resolution  
Programme Information (i-plate)  
Sleep Timer  
15  
15  
15  
16  
17  
18  
18  
19  
19  
System  
55  
55  
55  
56  
56  
57  
57  
58  
System Information  
Signal Detection  
Power Management  
Conditional Access  
Mail Messages  
Data Storage  
Subtitle  
Option  
Teletext  
Channel List  
20  
20  
21  
Network  
Changing Channels  
Editing Channels in Channel List  
Appendix  
60  
60  
62  
63  
65  
Specification  
Service and Support  
Safety Warning  
Trouble Shooting  
Error Message  
Glossary  
Managing Channels  
Editing Channels  
22  
22  
24  
26  
26  
Editing Favourite Channels  
Favourite Channel Numbering  
Hide Recent List  
67  
68  
Remote Control Code List  
OPEN SOURCE SOFTWARE NOTICE  
70  
101  
TV Guide  
27  
27  
28  
29  
30  
Watching Programmes  
Setting Reminders or Recordings  
Finding Programmes  
Scheduling Reminders and Recordings  
Recording and Playback  
Recording  
31  
31  
35  
37  
Playback  
Pausing and Rewinding Live TV (TSR)  
Media List  
38  
40  
43  
45  
Using Video List  
Using Music List  
Using Photo List  
3
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Quick Start Guide  
1. Checking Accessories  
Quick Start Guide  
User's manual  
Remote Control  
& Batteries  
CD Manual &  
Quick Start Guide  
HDMI Cable  
SCART Cable  
RF Cable  
Ethernet Cable  
Note: The accessories may vary according to area.  
2. Product Overview  
Front Panel  
STANDBY  
Switches between operation and  
standby modes.  
Status Display  
BACK  
Arrows  
TV/RADIO  
MENU  
OK  
Smartcard Slot  
USB Port  
GUIDE  
Connect a USB storage device.  
(for MP3 or JPEG)  
LED Indicator  
(Standby: Red, Operation: Blue)  
Note: The image shown may differ from the actual product.  
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Quick Start Guide  
English  
Inserting the Smartcard  
1. Open the flap on the front panel to expose the card slot.  
2. Hold Smartcard horizontally with the electronic chip facing  
downwards.  
3. Insert the Smartcard into the slot.  
Smartcard  
Rear Panel  
TV SCART  
Connect to the TV using a SCART  
cable.  
CABLE IN  
Connect an antenna cable.  
CABLE OUT  
Connect to the TV or VCR using  
an antenna cable.  
VCR SCART  
Connect to the VCR or DVD using a  
SCART cable.  
ON/OFF  
Powers on/off.  
VIDEO  
SPDIF (Optical)  
Connect to the audio system using  
an S/PDIF cable. (Dolby Digital)  
ETHERNET  
Connect to the TV or VCR using  
an RCA cable(CVBS).  
Network port (for future use)  
USB Port  
Connect a USB storage  
device.  
AUDIO  
HDMI  
Connect to the TV or VCR using  
an RCA cable(Stereo).  
Connect to the TV using an HDMI  
cable.  
Note: The image shown may differ from the actual product.  
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Quick Start Guide  
Remote Control  
MUTE  
Mutes audio.  
STANDBY  
MODE  
Switches between operation and standby modes.  
Changes the mode of remote.  
(0-9)  
1
ݢ
NUMERIC  
TV Portal  
MENU  
Not available for this product.  
Displays the main menu.  
Play, II Pause, Stop, Record,  
Playback  
Control  
Buttons  
Rewind, Fast Forward, Previous, Next,  
I
I
ݣ
Instant Replay, Skip  
2
COLOUR  
Buttons  
Colour keys for interactive applications.  
ݤ
3
MEDIA  
GUIDE  
Displays the media list.  
Displays the programme guide.  
Moves the cursor up, down, left or right.  
ARROW  
Buttons  
OK  
Selects (Enters) a menu or confirms a selection.  
Exits all On-Screen Display (OSD) screens.  
EXIT  
BACK  
Returns to the previous channel.  
Goes back to the previous screen.  
Note:  
To control the product please make sure that the PVR mode is selected on the remote control.  
The image shown may differ from the actual product.  
Some playback control buttons may not function depending on the contents.  
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Quick Start Guide  
English  
+/-  
Adjusts the audio volume.  
Changes the channel or page.  
Displays the channel list.  
P/ꢄ  
LIST  
i (Information)  
OPT+  
Displays the channel and programme information.  
Displays the channels attributes.  
Displays the audio list.  
AUDIO  
SUBTITLE  
TV/RADIO  
TEXT  
Displays the subtitle language list.  
Switches between TV and radio modes.  
Enters the digital text service.  
SOURCE  
SLEEP  
Switches between the input sources from SCART.  
Sets the sleep timer.  
V-FORMAT  
WIDE  
Sets the resolution of video.  
Sets the display format.  
Playback  
Control  
Buttons  
Add Bookmark,  
Bookmark List, Slow  
ݥ
Inserting Batteries  
4
1. Press the hook upward and lift the  
battery cover off.  
2. Insert the batteries (supplied)  
matching the plus(+) and minus(-)  
at each end.  
3. Close the cover.  
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Quick Start Guide  
3. Connections  
This section describes how to connect your product to match your particular devices setup and to gain  
optimum signal quality. The product provides various interfaces to connect to the TV, VCR or other  
devices. Select the most appropriate procedure depending on the device you have.  
Note: If you encounter any problems setting up your product, please contact your local retailer or  
HUMAX Customer Helpline.  
AUDIO  
TV SCART  
DVI for TV  
HDMI  
DVI Connecter  
RCA Cable  
SCART Cable  
HDMI Cable  
3
Antenna Cable  
HDMI Cable  
2
1
4
S/PDIF Cable  
Ethernet Cable  
SCART Cable  
VCR SCART  
S/PDIF  
LAN  
Router  
8
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Quick Start Guide  
English  
Connecting the Cable TV Line  
Connect an antenna cable from your cable TV network to CABLE IN connector.  
Connecting the TV and VCR  
You can select one of the following connections depending on the equipment you have.  
ݎ
TV with the HDMI connector;  
For the best picture quality, connect the product and TV using an HDMI cable.  
ݏ
TV with the DVI connector;  
For very good picture quality, connect the product and TV using an HDMI cable and an HDMI-to-DVI  
converter for video and an RCA cable (Audio L/R) for audio.  
ݐ
TV with the SCART connector;  
For good picture quality, connect the product and TV using a SCART cable. (TV SCART)  
ݑ
VCR with the SCART connector;  
To output video and audio, connect the product and VCR using a SCART cable. (VCR SCART)  
Note:  
When using the digital audio system, connect the product and the digital audio system using an  
S/PDIF cable for audio.  
Programmes restricted by DRM (Digital Rights Management) may not be viewed via the HDMI cable.  
Connect using the SCART or composite cable.  
Connecting your TV directly to the audio/video output of the product will assure a more vivid picture  
and enhance your viewing enjoyment.  
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Quick Start Guide  
Connecting the Network  
ݎ
Connecting to the LAN;  
Connect one end of the Ethernet cable to the product and the other end to the LAN router.  
ݏ
Connecting to the Wi-Fi (Wireless LAN); (Reserved for future use.)  
You can connect the network via the Wi-Fi access point or DSL/cable modem.  
1. Plug in the wireless USB dongle to the USB port. (Separate purchase required)  
2. Set the options for the Wi-Fi.  
Network Name (SSID): Select the network name of your Wi-Fi access point from the list.  
Security Type (WEP): This product supports WEP 40/128bit ASCII and WEP 40/128bit HEX. The security type of  
the Wi-Fi and the product shall be set the same.  
Password: When using the security type, you must set the password. Enter the same password in the Wi-Fi  
setting menu.  
3. After completing the Wi-Fi access point setting, make sure the settings in Installation Wizard or  
Settings>System>Network>Configure Wi-Fi are the same.  
Note:  
Make sure the distance between the Wi-Fi access point and the product is not too far away. This may  
lower the quality of service.  
It is recommended to purchase a wireless USB dongle distributed by HUMAX. Other products may not  
function or respond. Visit the HUMAX website to find the information on purchasing a wireless USB  
dongle. (http://www.myhumax.nl)  
2
1
WLAN USB Dongle  
Ethernet Cable  
LAN  
Wireless Router  
Router  
Note: We recommend the network connection over a direct LAN.  
10  
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Quick Start Guide  
English  
4. Powering On  
1. Connect the power cord of the product to a wall outlet.  
2. Ensure the ON/OFF switch at the rear of the product is switched to ON.  
3. Power on by pressing the STANDBY button on the remote control or the STANDBY button at the front  
of the product.  
Note: To control the product please make sure that the PVR mode is selected on the remote control.  
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Quick Start Guide  
5. First Installation Wizard  
When powering on your product for the first time after purchase or performing the factory default in  
menu, the installation wizard will operate automatically.  
Note: If you exit the installation wizard without fully completing the channel searching procedure, you  
may not have all of the channels available. In this case, you can use the Settings > Installation  
menu to search for more channels.  
1. Language  
Select your language.  
2. Display  
Set the video output for your TV.  
3. Search Channels  
Select new channel.  
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Quick Start Guide  
English  
Save the found channels when the search is  
complete.  
4. Configure Network  
Make sure that the LAN cable is connected to  
the Ethernet port or the wireless USB dongle is  
enabled.  
Configure the network setting.  
Note: The Wi-Fi network is currently not  
supported. (Reserved for future use.)  
5. Result  
The result of the Installation Wizard is shown.  
Select Finish to exit the wizard.  
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Quick Start Guide  
6. Menu Overview  
Preferences  
Parental Control  
Language  
Time  
Video  
Audio  
Recording  
Screen Display  
Edit Channels  
Edit Favourite List  
Edit Channel List  
Favourite Ch Numbering  
Hide Recent List  
Channel List  
TV Guide  
Video  
Installation  
Channel Search  
IRDETO Software Update  
Factory Default  
Music  
System  
System Information  
Signal Detection  
Power Management  
Conditional Access  
Mail Messages  
Data Storage  
Photo  
Settings  
Network  
How to Navigate  
Displays the main menu  
Moves among menus or options  
Selects (Enters) a menu or  
confirms a selection  
or  
Changes or adjusts the option  
Enters the number (0~9)  
Goes back to the previous screen  
Exits all On-Screen Display (OSD)  
screens  
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Basic Operation  
English  
Changing Channels  
You can change the channels in several ways.  
Press the P/button.  
Enter the channel number directly. (0-9)  
Go to the channel list or TV guide and select a channel.  
Note:  
Press the TV/RADIO button to switch between TV and radio channels.  
Press the BACK button to return to the previous channel.  
Volume / Mute / Audio  
To adjust the audio volume, press the  
+/- button.  
To mute the audio temporarily, press the MUTE button.  
Setting Audio Options  
Audio options are available only when the programme supports multiple audio languages.  
1. Press the AUDIO button.  
2. Select the audio language.  
3. Select the audio direction.  
4. Press the OK button.  
Note:  
The mute function remains set while you  
change channels.  
You cannot set the audio direction when the  
programme is broadcast in Dolby Digital.  
Display  
Select  
Confirm  
15  
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Basic Operation  
Display Format / Resolution  
Setting Display Format  
Press the WIDE button to set the display format  
according to the screen ratio.  
Each time you press this button, the value  
changes.  
Screen ratio 4:3: Auto – Letterbox 16:9  
– Letterbox 14:9 – Centre  
Screen ratio 16:9: Auto – Full – Zoom  
Note: Refer to Setting Display Format for  
details.  
Display  
Setting Resolution  
Press the V-FORMAT button to set the resolution  
of the screen.  
Each time you press this button, the value  
changes.  
576i - 576p - 720p - 1080i - Original  
Note: When connected with an HDMI cable,  
you can only change to resolutions the TV  
supports.  
Display  
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Basic Operation  
English  
Programme Information (i-plate)  
The i-plate is an information banner that is displayed for a certain period of time whenever you change  
channels. Press the i button while watching a progamme to display the i-plate. Press the EXIT button to  
hide.  
Playing time  
Icons  
Channel number and name  
Programme name  
Current time and date  
Group name  
Display  
Navigation mode  
Viewing detailed programme information  
Press the i button again while the i-plate is displayed.  
Viewing previous/next programme information  
Press the /button while the i-plate is displayed. Press the OK button to set reminders or recordings for  
future programmes.  
Viewing programme information of other channels  
Press the /button while the i-plate is displayed. Press the OK button to change to the selected channel.  
Icons  
The icons represent the information and services provided.  
Locked programme  
Subtitle  
Scrambled programme (CAS icons)  
Parental level (minimum age for viewing)  
HD programme  
Teletext  
Multiaudio  
Resolution  
Scheduled programme  
(Red: Record, Blue: Reminder)  
Dolby Digital audio  
Dolby Digital Plus audio  
Screen ratio  
Note: Programme information is not displayed when there is no programme information.  
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Basic Operation  
Sleep Timer  
Press the SLEEP button to set the automatic turn  
off time.  
Each time you press this button, the value  
changes.  
10 - 20 - 30 - 60 - 90 - 120 minutes  
Display  
Subtitle  
You can select the subtitle language when subtitle information is provided.  
1. Press the SUBTITLE button.  
2. Select the subtitle language.  
3. Select Off to make the subtitle disappear.  
4. Press the OK button.  
Note: You can choose to always display the  
subtitle when available.  
Display  
Select  
Confirm  
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Basic Operation  
English  
Option  
You can set the options for the watching channel.  
1. Press the OPT+ button.  
2. Select an option.  
Favourite: Select the favourite group to add the  
channel.  
Lock: Select On or Off.  
3. Select OK to save and exit.  
Display  
Select  
Confirm  
Teletext  
Teletext is a free service broadcast which gives the latest information on news, weather and many other  
topics. You can use interactive services in teletext mode.  
All teletext supporting channels have the teletext icon on the i-plate.  
1. Press the TEXT button.  
2. To display the teletext menu, press the MENU  
button in teletext mode.  
3. Select the teletext function you want and  
press the OK button.  
Display  
Teletext menu  
Select  
Confirm  
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Channel List  
The channel list will help you find the channel you want to watch quickly and easily.  
You can access the channel list in several ways.  
Press the LIST or OK button.  
Press the MENU button and select Channel List.  
Changing Channels  
You can change the channels within the same channel group.  
Select the channel you want to watch and press the OK button. The displayed channel will change.  
Note:  
: Locked channel,  
: Scrambled channel (CAS icons)  
Press the i button to view the detailed channel information.  
Press the LIST or EXIT button to exit.  
Advanced Options  
Changing Group  
You can display the list of the selected channel  
group.  
TV, HDTV, Radio, Favourite 1~5, Recent  
1. Press the button.  
2. Select a channel group.  
3. Press the OK button.  
Note:  
Press the TV/RADIO button to switch between  
TV and Radio groups.  
You can choose to hide the recent viewed  
channels in MENU > Settings > Edit Channels  
> Hide Recent List.  
Display/Change  
Select  
Confirm  
Sorting Channels  
Press the RED button to sort the list in numerical or alphabetical order.  
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Channel List  
English  
Editing Channels in Channel List  
You can lock each channel in the channel list, as well as in menu. To edit the multiple channels, go to the  
MENU > Settings > Edit Channels.  
Locking Channels  
1. Select a channel you want to edit and press  
the GREEN button.  
2. Select an option.  
Lock: Select On or Off.  
3. Select OK to save and exit.  
Note: The default password is 0000. If you have  
forgotten your password, please contact  
your local distributor.  
Setting Favourite Channels  
GREEN  
You can select your favourite channels and include  
them in the favourite group.  
Display  
Select  
Confirm  
1. Select a channel and press the GREEN button.  
2. Select Favourite and press the OK button.  
3. Select a favourite group you want to include the channel in and press the OK button.  
To remove a channel from a favourite group, select the group and press the OK button again.  
4. Select OK to save and exit.  
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Managing Channels  
Editing Channels  
The Edit Channel List menu will help you lock multiple channels.  
MENU Settings Edit Channels Edit Channel List  
You will be prompted to enter the password to access this menu.  
Note: The default password is 0000. If you have forgotten your password, please contact your local  
distributor.  
Group name  
Marked / Total channels  
Function buttons  
: Coloured or OPT+ button  
Select  
Mark/Confirm  
Page up/down  
Note:  
: Locked channel,  
: Scrambled channel (CAS icons)  
Press the MENU or EXIT button to exit. Press the BACK button to return to the previous screen.  
Locking / Unlocking Channels  
1. Select the channels using the /and OK button.  
2. Press the RED or GREEN button.  
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Managing Channels  
English  
Advanced Options  
Changing Group  
To list the channels of other groups, press the YELLOW button and select a group you want.  
Note: Press the TV/RADIO button to switch between TV and Radio groups.  
Changing Background  
You can change the channel displayed in the background while editing.  
1. Select the channel you want to watch.  
2. Press the BLUE button. The displayed channel will change.  
Selecting / Releasing All Channels  
1. Press the OPT+ button.  
2. Select Select All.  
3. To release all, select Release All.  
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Managing Channels  
Editing Favourite Channels  
The Edit Favourite List menu will help you add or remove channels from the favourite groups.  
MENU Settings Edit Channels Edit Favourite List  
You will be prompted to enter the password to access this menu.  
Note: The default password is 0000. If you have forgotten your password, please contact your local  
distributor.  
Group name  
Marked / Total channels  
Favourite group name  
Function buttons  
: Coloured or OPT+ button  
Select  
Mark/Confirm  
Page up/down  
Note: Press the MENU or EXIT button to exit. Press the BACK button to return to the previous screen.  
Adding / Removing Favourite Channels  
1. Press the YELLOW button and select the favourite group you want to edit.  
2. To add channels to the favourite list, select the channels you want to add using the /and OK  
button in the left column and then press the RED button. The added channels will appear in the right  
column.  
3. To remove channels from the favourite list, select the channels you want to remove in the right  
column and then press the RED button.  
Moving Channels  
1. Select the channels using the /and OK button.  
2. Press the GREEN button.  
3. Move the selected channels to the location you want using the /and OK button.  
Note: You can move the channels in the right column only.  
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Managing Channels  
English  
Renaming Favourite Groups  
1. Press the YELLOW button and select the favourite group you want to edit.  
2. Press the OPT+ button.  
3. Select Rename Favourite.  
4. Enter the name in the keyboard.  
Advanced Options  
Changing Group  
To list the channels of other groups in the left column, press the GREEN button and select a group you  
want.  
Note: Press the TV/RADIO button to switch between TV and Radio groups.  
Changing Background  
You can change the channel displayed in the background while editing.  
1. Select the channel you want to watch.  
2. Press the BLUE button. The displayed channel will change.  
Selecting / Releasing All Channels  
1. Press the OPT+ button.  
2. Select Select All.  
3. To release all, select Release All.  
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Managing Channels  
Favourite Channel Numbering  
You can change the favourite channel numbers to be numbered in the order in which they are added.  
MENU Settings Edit Channels Favourite Ch Numbering  
You will be prompted to enter the password to access this menu.  
Note: The default password is 0000. If you have forgotten your password, please contact your local  
distributor.  
1. Select On to set the favourite channels be  
numbered in the order in which they are  
added.  
2. Select Off to set the favourite channels be  
numbered in original channel number.  
Menu On/Off  
Select  
Confirm  
Hide Recent List  
You can hide the recent viewed channels in the channel list for your privacy.  
MENU Settings Edit Channels Hide Recent List  
You will be prompted to enter the password to access this menu.  
Note: The default password is 0000. If you have forgotten your password, please contact your local  
distributor.  
Select On to hide the recent viewed channels.  
Menu On/Off  
Select  
Confirm  
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TV Guide  
English  
The TV guide is an on-screen guide of grid type which displays the programme information of channels in  
time and date order.  
You can access the TV guide in several ways.  
Press the GUIDE button.  
Press the MENU button and select TV Guide.  
Note: Press the GUIDE or EXIT button to exit. Press the BACK button to return to the previous screen.  
Preview  
Current time and date  
Information of the selected  
programme: channel number & name,  
programme name, simple information,  
favourite group, and icons  
Time bar  
Function buttons  
: Coloured button  
Select  
Confirm  
Page up/down  
Note:  
Press the i button to view the detailed programme information.  
: Scheduled programme (Red: Record, Blue: Reminder), : Recording programme, : Present time  
Watching Programmes  
1. Select a programme and press the OK button. The programme will be displayed in the preview.  
2. Press the OK button again to exit the TV guide and watch the programme.  
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TV Guide  
Setting Reminders or Recordings  
1. Select a future programme and press the OK button.  
2. Select Reminder or Record and press the OK button.  
Select Repeat to change the repeat mode.  
3. Press the OK button again to cancel the reservation.  
The reserved programmes will be added automatically in Schedule.  
Note:  
If the programme is conflicted with another programme, adjust the reservation appropriately.  
If the channel is locked, you will be prompted to enter your password to complete the reservation.  
The default password is 0000. If you have forgotten your password, please contact your local  
distributor.  
You can reschedule reminders or recordings. (Refer to Scheduling Reminders and Recordings.)  
Advanced Options  
Quick Navigation  
Press the /button to move to the previous/next programme.  
Press the REWIND / FAST FORWARD button to jump back/ahead two hours.  
Press the PREVIOUS / NEXT button to move to the previous/next day.  
Press the RED button to go back to the current watching programme.  
Changing Group  
To list the channels of other groups, press the BLUE button and select a group you want.  
Note:  
Press the TV/RADIO button to switch between TV and Radio groups.  
To search specific programmes, go to Find by pressing the GREEN button. (Refer to Finding  
Programmes.)  
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TV Guide  
English  
Finding Programmes  
Find will help you find the programmes more specifically using the keyword or genre.  
By Keyword  
1. Press the GREEN button.  
2. Select Keyword and press the button.  
3. Select a keyword and press the OK button.  
Note: To enter a new keyword, select New  
Keyword.  
By Genre  
1. Press the GREEN button.  
2. Select Genre and press the button.  
3. Select a genre and press the OK button.  
4. Select the specific genre and press the OK  
GREEN  
button. (if provided)  
Display  
Confirm  
Select  
Page  
up/down  
Note:  
Press the i button to view the detailed  
programme information.  
Press the OK button to watch a found programme.  
You can set reminders or recordings for future programmes. (Refer to Setting Reminders or  
Recordings.)  
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TV Guide  
Scheduling Reminders and Recordings  
Schedule lists reminders or recordings and will help you manage them in more detail.  
1. Press the YELLOW button.  
2. You can add, edit or delete your reminders or  
recordings.  
To add, select New Reminder and press the OK  
button.  
To edit, select a reservation and press the OK  
button.  
To delete, select a reservation and press the BLUE  
button.  
3. Reservation will pop up. You can change  
the options you want using the ///,  
NUMERIC(0~9) and OK buttons.  
YELLOW  
4. Select OK to save and exit.  
Display  
Confirm  
Select  
Note:  
Page  
up/down  
Press the i button to view the detailed  
programme information.  
You can easily set reminders or recordings in TV Guide, Find or i-plate navigation mode.  
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Recording and Playback  
English  
You can record programmes in the built-in hard disk drive and playback the recorded programmes  
whenever you want.  
Note: Recorded radio programmes are saved in the Video List.  
Recording  
You can watch another channel while recording a channel or record programmes from two different  
channels at the same time.  
Instant Recording  
You can record the currently watching programme  
instantly and change the recording duration.  
To instantly record the current programme you are  
watching, press the RECORD button.  
The recording will start from the current broadcast  
point and the record banner will be displayed for a  
few seconds.  
Press the STOP button to stop recording the  
programme.  
The recording will continue till the end of the current programme. However, if the programme ends in less  
than ten minutes, it will continue till the end of the next programme. When no programme information is  
provided, the recording will continue for two hours.  
Changing Recording Duration  
1. Press the RECORD button on the currently  
recording channel.  
2. Set the duration manually or select till the  
end of the current prorgramme or the next  
programme.  
Note: The End Padding Time set in MENU >  
Settings > Preferences > Recording is  
automatically applied.  
Record  
Select  
Confirm  
Enter 0~9  
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Recording and Playback  
Delayed Recording  
You can rewind the currently watching programme to the point you started watching and start recording  
from that point.  
To rewind the programme you are watching, press the button to go back to the moment you started  
watching. Press the RECORD button to record from that point. The programme will be recorded from the  
point you started watching.  
Press the STOP button to stop recording the programme.  
Scheduled Recording  
You can easily set the recording reservations in TV Guide, Schedule or i-plate navigation mode.  
Select a future programme and press the OK  
button in TV Guide.  
(Refer to Setting Reminders or Recordings.)  
Select New Reminder and press the OK  
button in Schedule.  
(Refer to Scheduling Reminders or  
Recordings.)  
Press the OK button on a future programme in  
i-plate and select Record.  
(Refer to Programme Information.)  
The recording will start at the scheduled time and  
the record banner will be displayed for a few seconds.  
Press the STOP button to stop recording the programme.  
Note:  
Press the GUIDE button to go to TV Guide.  
Press the GUIDE button and press YELLOW button to go to Schedule.  
Press the i button while watching a progamme to display the i-plate.  
Editing Recording Schedule  
You can edit or delete your reservations in  
Schedule.  
To edit, select a reservation and press the OK  
button. You can change the options such as  
channel, date, time, repeat mode, etc.  
To delete, select a reservation and press the BLUE  
button.  
Record  
Select  
Confirm  
Enter 0~9  
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Recording and Playback  
English  
Recording Conflict  
You can watch another channel while recording a channel or record programmes from two different  
channels at the same time.  
Recording Duration Conflict  
When an instant recording conflicts with one of  
the scheduled recordings (or reminders), you can  
either;  
Record for the automatically modified duration.  
Cancel either of the scheduled recordings (or  
reminders).  
Cancel the previous recording.  
Watching Conflict  
When a scheduled recording starts on a different  
channel while you are watching a channel and  
recording another channel, a record notice  
will pop-up 30 seconds before the scheduled  
recording starts.  
OK: The channel will change at the start time and  
the scheduled recording will start automatically.  
Cancel: The scheduled recording will be  
canceled.  
Scheduling Conflict  
When a new scheduled recording conflicts with one of the previously set recordings (or reminders), you  
will be prompted to select up to two programmes  
you want to keep.  
Select the programme using the /and OK  
button.  
Record  
Select  
Confirm  
Enter 0~9  
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Recording and Playback  
Setting Recording Options  
MENU Settings Preferences Recording  
You can set the recording padding time in case  
the recording starts earlier or ends later than  
scheduled.  
Start Padding Time : Additional recording time  
before the recording starts.  
End Padding Time : Additional recording time  
after the recording ends.  
You also can set the instant replay or skip time for  
the INSTANT REPLAY or SKIP button.  
Note:  
You can record radio programmes also.  
The record banner will be displayed with the i-plate whenever pressing the i button.  
You can change the recording duration by using the RECORD button for instant recording or by going  
to MENU > TV Guide > Schedule for scheduled recording.  
When a new scheduled recording starts while a recording is already in progress, the record banner  
will be displayed for a few seconds to inform you that the recording has been started. If you are not  
watching the channel being recorded, a record notice will pop-up 30 seconds before the scheduled  
recording starts, and the channel will switch to the scheduled programme automatically at the start  
time.  
Pressing the STANDBY button while recording will not stop the recording. New recordings will start  
even in standby mode.  
While watching a recording programme, you can trick-play using the playback control buttons such as  
pause, fast rewind, instant replay, slow, etc.  
You can record the digital TV or radio programmes only. The external AV inputs can’t be recorded.  
Ensure that there is enough free space before recording. If the free space on the hard disk drive is  
insufficient, recording will stop. Recording one hour of programme may require up to 2 or 3GB of hard  
disk space. The space for recording a 1 hour programme may differ depending on the programme.  
To view the recorded programme list, press the MEDIA or MENU button and select Video. (Refer to  
Using Video List.)  
Record  
Select  
Confirm  
Enter 0~9  
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Recording and Playback  
English  
Playback  
You can playback the recorded programmes that are stored in the built-in hard disk drive.  
Playing Recordings (Video)  
You can access the recorded file list easily and play the recorded programmes.  
Press the MEDIA button.  
Press the MENU button and select Video.  
Select a file and press the OK button. Playback will  
start.  
You can perform fast rewind, fast forward, slow  
motion and pause while playing back a recorded  
file. The green playbar is displayed when pressing  
the PLAY, FAST FORWARD, REWIND, SLOW or  
PAUSE button while playing.  
Present time  
Play status  
Start time  
Play pointer  
Total time  
Note: Enter the time directly using the NUMERIC buttons to jump to the accurate location.  
Record  
Select  
Confirm  
Enter 0~9  
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Recording and Playback  
Playback Controls  
Play  
Pause the scene. Press the PAUSE button again to go back to play mode.  
Stop the playback of the current file and go to live TV.  
Fast Rewind  
Fast Forward  
Move to the previous chapter and replay the scenes.  
Move to the next chapter and skip scenes.  
/ꢀ  
Jump to the previous or next scene.  
Add or delete a bookmark in your desired scene.  
The bookmarked scene is shown as a yellow pointer.  
Jump to bookmarked scenes directly.  
The play pointer will first move to the nearest bookmark.  
Watch the recording in slow video.  
Note:  
Chapters are made by dividing the recorded programme into eight portions.  
Fast forwarding and jump may not function in programmes restricted by DRM.  
Bookmarks are available only when playing back the recorded programmes.  
Up to four bookmarks can be used, and the bookmarks will remain even if you stop playback.  
Refer to Media List > Using Video List for more details about the recorded files.  
Record  
Select  
Confirm  
Enter 0~9  
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Recording and Playback  
English  
Pausing and Rewinding Live TV (TSR)  
Time Shifted Recording (TSR) allows you to pause a live broadcast and return to it later and continue  
where you left off.  
The TSR function automatically saves the programmes you watch to the built-in hard disk drive  
temporarily.  
TSR lasts for 120 minutes  
To pause the programme you are watching,  
Press the PAUSE button. Press the PLAY button to return. Pause makes a time gap between the live  
broadcasting point and watching point. The time gap is equivalent to the period the programme has been  
paused.  
Press the STOP button to close the time gap and go to live programme.  
To rewind and watch missed scenes,  
Press the REWIND button. Press the PLAY button at the point where you want to start watching. You can  
pause, rewind or fast forward within the programme.  
You can fast rewind back to the start point. If you reach the start point while rewinding, the  
programme is automatically played at normal speed.  
To fast forward and skip scenes,  
Press the FAST FORWARD button. You can fast forward only when there is a time gap between the  
current watching point and the live broadcasting point caused by pause, slow motion or fast rewind. You  
can fast forward up to the current broadcasting point. If you reach the live broadcasting point while fast  
forwarding, the programme is automatically played at normal speed.  
Note: Fast forwarding and jump may not function in programmes restricted by DRM.  
Record  
Select  
Confirm  
Enter 0~9  
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Media List  
You can retrieve video, music or photo files from the built-in hard disk drive, the USB storage devices, or  
the DLNA compliant devices.  
You can access Media List in several ways.  
Press the MEDIA button.  
Press the MENU button and select Video, Music or Photo.  
Connect a USB storage device for media and select your desired media type.  
Video  
Music  
Photo  
Lists TV/Radio recordings or XviD files.  
Lists MP3 files.  
Lists JPEG files.  
Note:  
Press the MEDIA or EXIT button to exit. Press the BACK button to return to the previous screen.  
When you connect a USB storage device, the media type menu is displayed automatically.  
Select Copy to copy the media files to the different devices. (Refer to Using the Video List > Editing  
Files.)  
Switching Storage  
1. Press the BLUE button to switch the storage.  
2. Select the storage and press the OK button.  
HDD: Displays the internal HDD.  
USB: Displays each partition of the connected  
USB storage devices. Select a USB.  
Network: Displays the connected DLNA  
compliant devices. Select the server.  
Switching Media  
1. Press the YELLOW button to switch the media  
type.  
2. Select the media type and press the OK  
button.  
Video, Music, Photo  
Media On/Off  
Select  
Confirm  
Enter 0~9  
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Media List  
English  
Note:  
Please use only the USB storage device which was formatted with ext3, FAT or NTFS file system.  
Supported features according to USB file system  
ext3: Read, Copy (Digital TV/Radio, MP3, JPEG, XviD)  
FAT: Read, Copy (Digital TV/Radio, MP3, JPEG, XviD)  
NTFS: Read (MP3, JPEG, XviD)  
USB ports on your product supply 800mA in total. This 800mA is shared among all devices connected  
to product.  
Please connect power to a USB storage device which requires an external power supply. If not, the  
device may not be recognized.  
Please connect a USB storage device with the cable offered by the device maker. If you use a cable  
which is not offered by the device maker or an excessively long cable (max 5m), the device may not be  
recognized.  
If the USB storage device is connected in standby mode, it will automatically be recognized when the  
product is turned on.  
A USB storage device using an automatic recognition programme may not be recognized.  
A USB storage device which uses its own driver may not be recognized.  
The recognition speed of a USB storage device may depend on each device.  
Please do not disconnect or turn off the USB storage device while playing back. When the USB  
storage device is suddenly separated or unplugged, the stored files or the USB storage device may be  
damaged.  
Be sure to back up important files since data stored in a USB storage device may be damaged. We will  
not be responsible for any data loss.  
If your USB storage device has multiple partitions, or if you use a USB multi-card reader, you can use up  
to 4 partitions or USB memory devices.  
If the USB memory stick does not work properly, disconnect and reconnect it.  
Some USB storage devices may not be supported or operated smoothly.  
How fast a USB storage device is detected differs from device to device.  
USB storage devices below USB 2.0 are supported as well. But they may not work properly.  
The system may require a longer time to read large amounts of data stored in a USB device.  
Only one USB icon will appear even when there are more than one USB.  
The network icon is displayed only when the network has been connected.  
Media On/Off  
Select  
Confirm  
Enter 0~9  
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Media List  
Using Video List  
You can play TV/Radio recordings or XviD files from the built-in hard disk drive, the USB storage devices, or  
the DLNA compliant devices.  
MENU Video  
Note:  
Press the YELLOW button to switch the media type.  
Press the BLUE button to switch the storage.  
Press the i button to view the detailed programme information.  
Recorded radio programmes are saved in the Video List.  
Path  
Storage  
New recorded file  
Recording file  
Playing file  
XviD file  
Function buttons  
: Coloured or OPT+ button  
Note:  
: Recording icon, : Playing icon,  
: HD icon,  
: CAS icon, : Lock icon  
Playing Files  
Select a file and press the PLAY button. Playback will start from the recently viewed point.  
To play multiple files successively, select the files using the RED button and press the PLAY button.  
You can perform fast rewind, fast forward, slow motion and pause while playing back a recorded file. Refer  
to Recording and Playback > Playback for details on playback control and playbar.  
Note:  
You will be prompted to enter the password when playing locked files.  
Some playback control buttons may not function depending on the contents.  
Media On/Off  
Select  
Confirm  
Enter 0~9  
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Media List  
English  
Play Options  
Select the file and press the OK button. The play options for video will pop up.  
Resume Play: Play the file from the point it has  
been stopped.  
Play from the Start: Play the file from the  
beginning.  
Delete: Delete the file. Select Yes and press the  
OK button.  
Rename: Rename the file. Enter the name of  
the file in the keyboard and press the YELLOW  
button.  
Lock: Lock the file. Enter the password to unlock.  
Editing Files  
Sorting Files  
1. Press the OPT+ button.  
2. Select Sort and press the OK button. The files  
will be sorted in alphabetical order.  
3. To sort the files in time order, repeat the above  
procedure.  
Note: Sorting files is available for video files only.  
Deleting Files  
1. Select the file(s) you want to delete and press  
the OPT+ button.  
2. Select Delete and press the OK button.  
3. Select Yes and press the OK button.  
Locking Files  
1. Select the file(s) you want to lock and press the OPT+ button.  
2. Select Lock and press the OK button.  
3. To unlock, press the OPT+ button again and select Unlock.  
4. Enter the password.  
Media On/Off  
Select  
Confirm  
Enter 0~9  
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Media List  
Moving / Copying Files  
1. Select the file(s) you want to move and press  
the OPT+ button.  
2. Select Move and press the OK button.  
3. Select the folder or storage you want to move  
the file(s) to and press the OK button.  
Moving the file(s) within the same storage:  
Select the folder you want to move the file(s) to  
and press the OK button.  
Copying the file(s) to another storage: Select  
the storage and then select the folder to copy  
the file(s) to. Press the OPT+ button to create the  
folder.  
Note:  
When moving a locked file, you will be prompted to enter the password.  
When a file is moved to a different storage, it will be copied. However, video recordings cannot be  
copied to other storages.  
Renaming Files  
1. Select the file you want to rename and press the OPT+ button.  
2. Select Rename and press the OK button.  
3. Enter the name of the file in the keyboard and press the YELLOW button.  
Creating Folder  
1. Press the OPT+ button.  
2. Select New Folder and press the OK button.  
3. Enter the name of the folder in the keyboard and press the YELLOW button.  
Media On/Off  
Select  
Confirm  
Enter 0~9  
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Media List  
English  
Using Music List  
You can play MP3 audio files from the built-in hard disk drive, the USB storage devices, or the DLNA  
compliant devices.  
MENU Music  
Note:  
Press the YELLOW button to switch the media type.  
Press the BLUE button to switch the storage.  
Path  
Storage  
Title, Artist, Album  
Function buttons  
: Coloured or OPT+ button  
Playing Files  
Select a file and press the OK or PLAY button. All files in the folder will be played successively.  
To play the selected files only, select the files using the RED button and press the OK or PLAY button.  
Media On/Off  
Select  
Confirm  
Enter 0~9  
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Media List  
Music Player  
The music player is displayed while playing the  
music file(s).  
Plays or pauses  
Plays  
Plays the previous file  
Pauses  
RED  
Changes the play mode (once, repeat, repeat  
all, shuffle)  
Plays the next file  
Plays the first file  
Plays the last file  
Stops the music player and displays the list  
Exits the music player and goes to live TV  
Editing Files  
Deleting, moving, renaming the music files or creating new folders are the same as in the video list. Refer  
to Using Video List > Editing Files.  
Media On/Off  
Select  
Confirm  
Enter 0~9  
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Media List  
English  
Using Photo List  
You can play JPEG photo files from the built-in hard disk drive, the USB storage devices, or the DLNA  
compliant devices.  
MENU Photo  
Note:  
Press the YELLOW button to switch the media type.  
Press the BLUE button to switch the storage.  
Path  
Storage  
Thumbnail  
Function buttons  
: Coloured or OPT+ button  
Photo Slideshow  
Select a file and press the OK or PLAY button. All  
files in the folder will be shown successively.  
To slideshow the selected files only, select the files  
using the RED button and press the OK or PLAY  
button.  
The info banner is displayed while slideshow is  
paused.  
Pauses or plays  
Plays  
Shows the previous photo  
Shows the next photo  
Shows the first photo  
Shows the last photo  
Pauses  
Stops slideshow and displays photo list  
Exits slideshow and goes to live TV  
Media On/Off  
Select  
Confirm  
Enter 0~9  
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Media List  
Editing Files  
Deleting, moving, renaming the photo files or creating new folders are the same as in the video list. Refer  
to Using Video List > Editing Files.  
Slide Mode  
You can play music files during slideshow.  
1. Press the OPT+ button.  
2. Select Slide Mode and press the OK button.  
Display Time: The duration a photo is displayed  
Music Play: Select On to play music files during  
slideshow.  
Folder: Select the folder the music files in located  
in using the RED button.  
3. Select OK to save and exit.  
Media On/Off  
Select  
Confirm  
Enter 0~9  
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Preferences  
English  
In this chapter you can set options for parental control, language, time, video, audio and others.  
Note: Press the MENU or EXIT button to exit. Press the BACK button to return to the previous screen.  
Parental Control  
MENU Settings Preferences Parental Control  
You will be prompted to enter the password to access this menu.  
Note: The default password is 0000. If you have forgotten your password, please contact your local  
distributor.  
Maturity Rating  
1. Select Maturity Rating.  
2. Select an option.  
View All  
4~18: Blocks the programmes for viewers who  
are not above the age limit.  
Lock All  
3. Press the OK button.  
Note: The password is required to view the  
blocked programmes.  
Changing Password  
1. Select Change STB Password.  
2. Enter the new password.  
3. Enter the new password again for verification.  
Menu On/Off  
Select  
Confirm  
Enter 0~9  
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Preferences  
Language Setting  
MENU Settings Preferences Language  
1. Select System Language, Audio Language or  
Subtitle Language.  
2. Select the language.  
Note:  
If you select Off in subtitle language, the  
subtitle will not be displayed.  
You can change the audio or subtitle language  
by pressing the AUDIO or SUBTITLE button  
while watching a programme.  
Setting Hard of Hearing  
You can display the subtitle for the hard of hearing people.  
Select On to display the subtitle for the hard of hearing people.  
Setting Power On/Off Timer  
MENU Settings Preferences Time  
1. To turn on the product automatically, select  
Power On Timer and select Set Timer.  
2. Enter the time.  
3. Set the options for the power on timer.  
Channel: Select the channel to be displayed  
when powering on.  
Volume: Adjust the volume of the audio when  
powering on.  
Repeat: Select the repeat mode of the power on  
timer.  
4. To turn off the product automatically, select  
Power Off Timer and select Set Timer.  
5. Enter the time.  
Note: The power on time and power off time should be set different from each other.  
Menu On/Off  
Select  
Confirm  
Enter 0~9  
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Preferences  
English  
Video Setting  
MENU Settings Preferences Video  
Setting TV Screen Ratio  
You can select the screen ratio of your TV.  
1. Select Screen Ratio.  
2. Select an option.  
16:9 – 4:3  
Setting Display Format  
You can select the display format according to the  
screen ratio of your TV.  
1. Select Display Format.  
2. Select an option.  
Screen ratio 4:3: Auto – Letterbox 16:9 – Letterbox 14:9 – Centre  
Screen ratio 16:9: Auto – Full – Zoom  
Note: You can set the display format by pressing the WIDE button while watching a programme. Refer to  
Display Format / Resolution.  
Screen Ratio  
4:3  
Display Format  
Auto  
Auto  
Letterbox 16:9 Letterbox 14:9  
Centre  
16:9  
Full  
Zoom  
Setting Letter and Pillar Box Colour  
You can set the colour for the margin space according to the display format.  
1. Select Letter & Pillar Box Colour.  
2. Select an option.  
Black – Gray  
Menu On/Off  
Select  
Confirm  
Enter 0~9  
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Preferences  
Setting TV SCART / VCR SCART  
You can select the video signal output option for the TV SCART or VCR SCART.  
1. Select TV SCART or VCR SCART.  
2. Select an option.  
TV SCART: CVBS – S-Video – RGB  
VCR SCART: CVBS – S-Video  
Audio Setting  
MENU Settings Preferences Audio  
Setting Audio Priority  
You can select the digital audio signal output of  
your product.  
1. Select Audio Priority.  
2. Select an option.  
Stereo – Dolby Digital  
Setting Lip-Sync  
You can adjust the sound difference of audio and  
video.  
1. Select Lip-Sync.  
2. Adjust the lip-sync using the /button.  
Pressing the right button increases the audio speed and pressing the left button decreases it.  
Note: You will be prompted to enter the password to access this menu.  
Menu On/Off  
Select  
Confirm  
Enter 0~9  
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Preferences  
English  
Screen Display  
MENU Settings Preferences Screen Display  
Setting Info Display Time  
You can set the duration the information box is  
displayed every time the channel is switched.  
1. Select Info Display Time.  
2. Select an option.  
Off – 1~20 sec  
Setting Transparency  
You can set the transparency of the On-Screen  
Display.  
1. Select Transparency.  
2. Select an option.  
Off – 25% – 50% – 75%  
Setting Subtitle Font  
You can adjust the subtitle font.  
1. Select Subtitle Font.  
2. Select an option.  
Variable – Fixed  
Setting LCD Brightness  
You can set the brightness level of the LCD at the front of the product.  
1. Select LCD Brightness.  
2. Select an option.  
Off – 50% – 100%  
Menu On/Off  
Select  
Confirm  
Enter 0~9  
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Installation  
In this chapter you can configure the installation setting and perform the channel search.  
MENU Settings Installation  
You will be prompted to enter the password to access this menu.  
Note:  
The default password is 0000. If you have forgotten your password, please contact your local  
distributor.  
Press the MENU or EXIT button to exit. Press the BACK button to return to the previous screen.  
Channel Search  
If your product is connected to the cable and TV, you can search channels manually by searching  
parameters, if you know the MUX information.  
1. Select Channel Search.  
2. Configure the search options.  
Frequency: Enter the frequency.  
Network ID: Enter the network ID.  
Symbol Rate: Enter the symbol rate.  
3. Select Search and press the OK button. The  
found channels will be listed.  
4. When the search has completed, select Save  
and press the OK button to save the found  
channels.  
Note:  
Select User Define to enter options directly.  
Select Stop and press the OK button to stop the channel search.  
Menu On/Off  
Select  
Confirm  
Enter 0~9  
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Installation  
English  
Software Update (OTA)  
In order to maintain proper performance of the product, it is essential to have the most up-to-date  
software. Visit the HUMAX website to check the latest news and newly released software versions. (http://  
www.myhumax.nl) It is recommended that you periodically check for the availability of software update.  
OTA, an abbreviation of Over–the-Air, means that the software can be downloaded through your  
broadcast system. The manufacturer reserves the right to decide when and where to release software by  
this process.  
You can also search and download new software manually.  
MENU Settings Installation IRDETO Software Update  
You can update software via the frequency pre-appointed by the manufacturer.  
1. Select IRDETO Software Update and press  
the OK button to search for new software.  
2. When new software is detected, select Yes to  
start the update process now.  
Please wait until the update is complete. When  
completing the software update, the product is  
automatically powered off and on again.  
Note:  
It may take 5~10 minutes to update software.  
Other functions such as scheduling  
programmes will not activate while software  
update takes place.  
Be sure to update software when the signal strength and quality is high. If the weather is not favorable  
and the signal strength and quality are not recommendable, perform the software update later.  
The product will search new software automatically during standby. If new software is detected, you  
can choose either to download immediately or later when you switch into operation mode. If you  
select No, the message will be displayed again when you power on.  
You can also update the software by connecting a USB device which has the new software file. The file  
can be downloaded from the HUMAX website.  
Caution:  
Please be careful to keep the power on and the power cord plugged in during software update. If the  
power is off during software update, fatal damage may be caused to the product.  
Please be careful not to pull out the signal line (RF cable) during software update. Update may be  
interrupted and the product may not operate.  
Menu On/Off  
Select  
Confirm  
Enter 0~9  
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Installation  
Factory Default  
MENU Settings Installation Factory Default  
1. Select Factory Default.  
2. A popup will appear. Select Yes.  
3. You will be prompted to enter the password.  
Enter the password.  
Note:  
The default password is 0000. If you have  
forgotten your password, please contact your  
local distributor.  
To format the HDD, mark Format HDD.  
Warning: Please note that once you perform  
Default Setting, all data such as installation setting information, channel list, and all user  
configured data will be deleted. After completing the default setting, the installation wizard will  
appear automatically in a few seconds.  
Menu On/Off  
Select  
Confirm  
Enter 0~9  
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System  
English  
In System, you can view the information of the system, signal detection, power management, conditional  
access, mail messages, data storage and network options are also available in this section.  
Note: Press the MENU or EXIT button to exit. Press the BACK button to return to the previous screen.  
System Information  
MENU Settings System System Information  
The system information is displayed.  
Signal Detection  
MENU Settings System Signal Detection  
You can check the signal strength and quality of  
the searched channels.  
Note: This menu will not be activated while  
recording.  
Menu On/Off  
Select  
Confirm  
Enter 0~9  
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System  
Power Management  
MENU Settings System Power Management  
Setting Power Saving in Standby  
You can minimise the standby power consumption  
to below 1W.  
1. Select Power Saving in Standby.  
2. Select On to deactivate the certain features  
and minimise the power consumption.  
Setting Automatic Power Down  
The receiver automatically enters standby mode  
for power saving if no user interaction occurs for  
3 hours.  
1. Select Automatic Power Down.  
2. Select On to enter standby mode automatically if no user interaction occurs for 3 hours.  
Note: The message will be displayed before entering standby mode. If no selection is made for 30  
seconds, the receiver enters standby mode automatically.  
Conditional Access  
MENU Settings System Conditional Access  
You can check the information of the Smart Card  
status, SoftCell Service status, Loader status, and  
Conditional Access components.  
Menu On/Off  
Select  
Confirm  
Enter 0~9  
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System  
English  
Mail Messages  
MENU Settings System Mail Message  
You can receive mail sent by the broadcasting  
company.  
When a new mail arrives, the mail icon will appear  
on the screen. Press the OK button to see the  
details.  
The forced announcement mail will display the  
details on the screen as soon as it arrives, even  
while you are watching a programme.  
Data Storage  
MENU Settings System Data Storage  
You can check the size of the internal HDD or external USB storage devices.  
1
2
Select a storage to display the details for each  
storage.  
To format the selected storage, select  
Format Storage. If you select Yes, you will be  
prompted to enter the password.  
Note:  
The default password is 0000. If you have  
forgotten your password, please contact your  
local distributor.  
Supported Features according to USB file  
system  
ext3: Read, Copy (Digital TV/Radio, MP3, JPEG, XviD)  
FAT: Read, Copy (Digital TV/Radio, MP3, JPEG, XviD)  
NTFS: Read (MP3, JPEG, XviD)  
Menu On/Off  
Select  
Confirm  
Enter 0~9  
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System  
Network  
MENU Settings System Network  
You can check the network connection status or configure the network.  
Note: This function is available only when the wireless USB dongle or Ethernet cable has been connected  
to the product. Make sure that the wireless USB dongle or Ethernet cable is connected correctly.  
Refer to Connecting the Network for details.  
Configuring Wi-Fi (wireless) (Reserved for future use.)  
1. Select Configure Wi-Fi.  
2. Configure the Wi-Fi setting options.  
Network Name: Select your Wi-Fi network name.  
Security Type: Select your Wi-Fi security type.  
Password: Enter your Wi-Fi network password.  
3. Select Apply to connect to the selected Wi-Fi  
network and press the OK button  
Note: If your Wi-Fi network is not listed, select  
Input Network Name and enter your  
network name in the keyboard.  
Configuring IP (LAN)  
1. Select Configure TCP/IP.  
2. Select your IP configuration type between  
DHCP and Manual.  
DHCP: If you use a router or modem that has a  
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)  
server function, select DHCP. The IP address will  
automatically be determined.  
Manual: If there is no DHCP server on the  
network and you want to set the IP address  
manually, select Manual. Enter the values for  
IP Address, Subnet Mask, Gateway Address and  
DNS Address.  
3. Select Apply to connect to the selected network and press the OK button.  
Note:  
When entering the IP address manually, enter 3 digits in a row.  
The network is connected by LAN when both Wi-Fi and LAN are activated.  
HUMAX recommends the network connection over a direct LAN.  
Menu On/Off  
Select  
Confirm  
Enter 0~9  
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System  
English  
Setting FTP Server  
You can transfer the media files in the internal HDD into your PC with FTP program.  
1. Select FTP Server.  
2. Select On to make the product work as FTP server.  
Note:  
You can access to the internal HDD by entering the IP address assigned to the product on PC.  
When accessing, enter ‘HumaxFTPfor Login ID and your password for Login Password.  
Menu On/Off  
Select  
Confirm  
Enter 0~9  
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Appendix  
Specification  
Tuner & Channel  
No. of Tuners  
2
Input Connector  
Frequency Range  
IEC 169-2, Female  
54MHz to 870MHz  
-15dBmV to +15dBmV @ 64-QAM, 128-QAM  
-12dBmV to +15dBmV @ 256-QAM  
Signal Level  
Audio/Video Decoding  
Audio Decoding  
Audio Mode  
MPEG/MusiCam Layer I & II, Dolby AC-3, Dolby Digital Plus  
Single channel/Dual channel/Joint stereo/Stereo  
MPEG-2 ISO/IEC 13818  
HD MPEG2 / SD MPEG2 / MPEG4(H.264/AVC)  
Transport Stream Specification  
Video Decoding  
Video Format  
Video Resolution  
Memory  
4:3, 16:9  
1080i, 720p, 576p, 576i  
Flash Memory  
RAM  
32MB  
256MB  
8KB  
EEPROM  
Audio/Video In/Out  
Video  
TV-SCART, VCR-SCART, RCA, HDMI  
Audio  
TV-SCART, VCR-SCART, Audio L/R, S/PDIF (Digital Audio Output)  
Data In/Out  
USB  
USB 2.0 Host (5 V 500, 300mA Max.)  
File Format  
Hard Disk  
HDD  
JPEG(.jpeg, .jpg, .jpe, .jfif), MP3(.mp3, .mp2, .mp1)  
500GB  
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Appendix  
English  
Power Supply  
Input Voltage  
Type  
90-250V a.c., 50/60Hz  
SMPS  
Power Consumption  
Max. 28W (Standby: Under 1W)  
Separate internal fuse.  
The input should be protected against lightning.  
Protection  
Physical Specification  
Size (w/h/d)  
380mm×55mm×246mm  
2.8kg  
Weight  
Operating Temperature  
0 ºC to +45 ºC  
Note: The specifications are subject to change without notice.  
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Appendix  
Service and Support  
Information concerning troubleshooting, software upgrade and product support is provided in the  
following websites and call centers. Should your product require warranty service, please contact HUMAX  
to obtain the appropriate authorization.  
HUMAX Call Center  
Tel:  
(+31) 040 2 306 250  
Mon-Fri 9:00-17:00  
http://www.myhumax.nl  
Dutch/English  
Opening Hours:  
E-mail:  
Website:  
Language:  
Nederland  
Note: For hardware repair, please visit our website.  
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Appendix  
English  
Safety Warning  
This product has been manufactured to comply with international safety standards. Please read the  
following safety precautions carefully.  
Safety Instructions and Precautions  
1. MAINS SUPPLY  
Operate this product only from the type of power supply indicated on the marking label. If you are not sure of  
the type of power supplied to your home, consult your local power company.  
Disconnect the product from the mains before you start any maintenance or installation procedures.  
2. OVERLOADING  
Do not overload a wall outlet, extension cord or adapter as this may result in electric fire or shock.  
3. LIQUID  
The product should not be exposed to liquid of any kind. In addition, no objects filled with liquid should be  
placed on the apparatus.  
4. CLEANING  
Disconnect the product from the wall outlet before cleaning.  
Use a light damp cloth (no solvents) to dust the product.  
5. VENTILATION  
The slots on top of the product must be left uncovered to allow proper airflow into the unit.  
Do not stand the product on soft furnishings or carpets.  
Do not stack electronic equipments on top of the product.  
6. ATTACHMENTS  
Do not use any unsupported attachments as these may be hazardous or cause damage to the product.  
7. LIGHTNING, STORM OR NOT IN USE  
Unplug the product from the wall outlet and disconnect the antenna during a thunderstorm or when left  
unattended and unused for long periods of time. This will prevent damage to the unit due to lightning and  
power-surges.  
8. EXTRANEOUS OBJECTS  
Do not insert anything through the openings in the unit, where they can touch dangerous voltage points or  
damage parts.  
9. REPLACEMENT OF PARTS  
When replacement of parts is required, be sure the service technician uses replacement parts specified by the  
manufacturer or those that have the same characteristics as the original part. Unauthorized substitution may  
result in additional damage to the unit.  
10. CONNECTION  
CONNECTION TO THE CABLE TV SIGNAL  
Connect all components before plugging any power cords into the wall outlet. Always turn off the product, TV  
and other components before you connect or disconnect any cables.  
11. CONNECTION TO THE TV  
Disconnect the product from the mains before connecting or disconnecting the cable from the TV. Failure to do  
so can damage the TV.  
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Appendix  
12. LOCATION  
Place the product indoors to avoid exposing it to lightning, rain or sun. Do not place it near a radiator or heat  
register.  
We recommend that the product has 10 cm clearance from any other appliances susceptible to electromagnetic  
influences, such as a TV or a VCR.  
Do not block the openings with any object, and do not place the product on a bed, sofa, rug, or other similar  
surface.  
If you place the product on a rack or a bookcase, ensure that there is adequate ventilation and that you have  
followed the manufacturer’s instructions for mounting.  
Do not place the product on an unstable cart, stand, tripod, bracket, or table where it can fall. A falling product  
can cause serious injury to a child or adult, and serious damage to the appliance.  
Warning  
1. To avoid damage of the power cord or plug;  
Do not modify or process the power cord or plug arbitrarily.  
Do not bend or twist the power cord.  
Make sure to disconnect the power cord holding the plug.  
Keep heating appliances as far as possible from the power cord in order to prevent the cover vinyl from melting.  
The mains plug, as a disconnection device, shall remain readily accessible by the user.  
2. To avoid electrical shock;  
Do not open the main body.  
Do not insert metal or inflammable objects inside the product.  
Do not touch the power plug with wet hands.  
Disconnect the power cord in case of lightning.  
3. To avoid damage of product;  
Do not use the product when it is out of order. If you continue to use the product when defective, serious  
damage can be caused. Make sure to contact your local product distributor if the product is out of order.  
Do not insert metal or alien substance into the slots for the modules or Smartcards. (where applicable) It may  
cause damage to the product and reduce its life span.  
4. To avoid damage of the hard disk drive (PVR only)  
Do not move the product or turn the power off suddenly while the hard disk drive is running.  
The company shall not be liable for any corruption of data on the hard disk drive caused by carelessness or  
misuse.  
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Appendix  
English  
Trouble Shooting  
Before contacting your local service centre, please read the tips below carefully. If the problem persists  
after completing the following procedure, please contact your local product distributor or service centre  
for further instructions.  
1. No message displayed on the front display. (The product will not switch on.)  
Check the main power cable and make sure it is plugged into a suitable power outlet.  
Check that the mains supply is switched on.  
Connect the power cable to a different power outlet.  
Check that the power switch is on at the rear of the product. (where applicable)  
2. No picture  
Make sure that the product is powered on and in operation mode. (Press the STANDBY button)  
Make sure that the AV cable is firmly connected to the TV.  
Make sure that the antenna cable is properly connected to the product.  
Be sure to activate channel search.  
Check the brightness level of the TV.  
Check if the channel is currently on air. Contact the broadcaster to ensure that the channel is running.  
Press the SOURCE button if the product is in external input mode. (where applicable)  
3. Poor picture/sound quality  
Make sure there is no mobile phone or microwave oven near the product.  
Keep the power and the RF cables apart from each other.  
Note: If the antenna is covered with snow or the RF is weakened by heavy rain, the condition of the  
sound and picture may temporarily be poor. However, the poor sound and picture quality due to  
weather conditions cannot be accepted as a malfunction of product.  
4. No or poor sound  
Check that your AV cable is connected correctly.  
Check the volume levels of your TV set and the product.  
Check if the product or TV is on mute.  
Check audio type or soundtrack option. (where applicable)  
5. Remote control does not operate.  
To control the product, the top end of the remote control should point directly towards the receiving part of the  
product.  
Remove and reinsert the batteries in the remote control.  
Replace the batteries in the remote control for a new set.  
Set the remote control to STB or PVR mode, if you are using the universal remote control. (where applicable)  
6. Cannot make reservations.  
Check that no previous reservations are conflicting with the new reservation.  
7. No password information is given.  
The default password is always 0000.  
8. Channel search does not work.  
Make sure that your cable is connected correctly.  
9. Cannot update new software.  
You can get an update. If the product does not show a message requesting update, this means no software is  
available.  
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Appendix  
10. Cannot watch scrambled channels.  
Check that you have the appropriate Smartcard. Reinsert the Smartcard and make sure it initialises correctly.  
Check in the menu that the product is detecting the Smartcard.  
Check in the menu that you have a valid and working subscription to the channels you wish to view.  
Ensure that the Smartcard is not damaged.  
11. Cannot watch pay channels.  
Check in the menu that you have a valid and working subscription to the channels you wish to view.  
Contact your network operator for more information.  
12. The product makes a humming noise.  
The noise is from the fan; the hard disk is operating normally. This kind of noise is inevitable but seldom  
noticeable.  
13. Cannot record progammes. (PVR only)  
The hard disk is full. Delete unnecessary programmes and make space for new recording.  
Check if recording is conflicted with another channel. Stop the current recording or wait until the recording is  
finished.  
Check that the product is switched on when recording starts.  
14. Cannot operate TSR (Time Shifted Recording). (PVR only)  
TSR may not be available during recording. Wait until recording is finished.  
Delete unnecessary programmes and make space for new recording.  
15. Cannot playback. (PVR only)  
To playback the recorded file of a scrambled channel, use the Smartcard. In case it has been a long time since  
you last recorded, this may not work. Contact the product distributor.  
The signal during recording may be weak or the hard disk too full.  
16. Cannot change channels while recording. (PVR only)  
Certain channels may not be changed due to restriction of the tuner or connection type.  
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Appendix  
English  
Error Message  
Error message  
Possible causes  
What to do  
Make sure the cable is connected  
correctly.  
The cable is not connected.  
The cable may be damaged or  
defective.  
No or bad signal  
Exchange the cable.  
Exchange the cable.  
The channel is not broadcasting.  
The channel has a signal, but no audio Confirm if the channel is currently on  
or video.  
air.  
The channel is  
The channel has been deleted by the  
Check if the channel is currently on air  
scrambled or not broadcasting company.  
available.  
Remove the channel from the channel  
list and check for new transponder  
details.  
The channel is for data broadcasting.  
The audio is not  
available.  
The channel has a video signal, but no  
audio.  
Press the audio button to confirm that  
the channel has audio options.  
Make sure you are subscribed to the  
channel.  
No access  
If the product has been turned off for  
a long time (standby or power o),  
please wait for authorization. It may  
take up to 60 minutes.  
No access  
No authorization.  
No card inserted. Smartcard is not inserted.  
Insert Smartcard.  
Wrong Smartcard is inserted.  
Insert the correct Smartcard.  
Remove the Smartcard and reinsert it.  
Smartcard is not inserted correctly.  
Incorrect card  
Contact your Smartcard retailer or  
channel broadcaster for a Smartcard  
replacement.  
Smartcard is damaged.  
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Appendix  
Glossary  
CVBS (Composite Video Baseband Signal)  
A technology for transmitting video signals via a cable. Mixes luminance (brightness) and the  
chrominance (colour) signals together.  
DiSEqC (Digital Satellite Equipment Control)  
A DiSEqC compatible receiver relies on a switching box which detects the 22kHz tone pulsing rapidly on  
and off. In this way, a specially designed receiver can control numerous LNBs through a DiSEqC switching  
box.  
Dolby Digital  
An encoding system that digitally compresses up to 5.1 discrete channels of audio (left front, centre,  
right front, left surround, right surround) into a single Bitstream. A low frequency effect (LFE) channel is  
included providing the sound needed for special effects.  
DVB (Digital Video Broadcasting)  
Set of standards that define digital broadcasts using satellite, cable or terrestrial systems.  
EPG (Electronic Programme Guide)  
An electronic equivalent to a printed television listings magazine; it is an application used with digital set-  
top boxes and digital television sets to list current and scheduled programs that are or will be available on  
each channel, including a short summary or commentary for each program. The information supplied in  
the EPG is sent and updated by the channel broadcaster.  
FEC (Forward Error Correction)  
A technique for error control of data transmission.  
Frequency  
The property of a signal measured in cycles per second (=Hz).  
FTA (Free- To-Air)  
An unscrambled broadcaster allowing customers to view channels or services without paying any  
subscription.  
HDD (Hard Disk Drive)  
The primary computer storage medium, which is made of one or more aluminum or glass platters, coated  
with a ferromagnetic material.  
Hi-Fi (High Fidelity)  
The characteristics of audio devices that can play back all the audio frequencies a person can detect,  
which is the range of 16Hz-20KHz. Sometimes it is used to indicate good quality of audio devices such as  
stereo tape recorders.  
LNB (Low Noise Block)  
A device that is mounted on an arm facing your satellite dish, focusing on satellite signals. A LNB converts  
signals received from satellite to a lower frequency and sends them to a satellite receiver via coaxial cable.  
NVOD (Near Video On Demand)  
A technology that allows customers to view the start of popular programmes or films within a short period  
from the time they make their selection. This is possible as the broadcaster sends multiple copies with  
staggered start times.  
OSD (On Screen Display)  
OSD displays the basic information necessary for the users to configure monitor or TV settings. OSD  
information may include brightness, contrast, tuning, RGB adjustment, and screen size and position.  
OTA (Over the Air)  
A standard for the transmission of software for equipment, through a broadcast system. Manufacturers  
reserve the right for deciding the release of the software for their products.  
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Appendix  
English  
PID (Packet Identifier)  
A set of numbers identifying stream packets contained within a single data stream.  
PIP (Picture In Picture)  
A function that allows you to display two different TV channels (or TV inputs) on a single screen.  
Polarisation  
The direction of the electrical and magnetic fields of a signal. Satellites use both vertical and horizontal  
polarisation. Means that a frequency can be used twice.  
PVR (Personal Video Recorder)  
Video recorder that can record and playback programmes directly using the embedded hard disk drive(s).  
QPSK (Quaternary Phase Shift Keying)  
Digital modulation technique in which the carrier phase can have one of four possible values.  
RF (Radio Frequency)  
Television signals are modulated onto RF signals and are then demodulated by your television’s or STB’s  
tuner.  
RF Modulator  
Enables you to output the receiver’s digital signals to a TVs RF (Aerial) input, allowing you to connect the  
receiver to a TV set without a SCART connection.  
RGB (Red – Green – Blue)  
A technology for transmitting video signals via a cable. RGB is a system to represent red, green, and blue  
colours on a TV or monitor display. Red, green, and blue can be combined in various proportions to obtain  
any colour.  
RS-232C  
A connection to allow you to connect to a PC to update receiver’s software.  
SCART  
A 21-pin connector standard to connect two pieces of Audio-Visual equipment such as a TV and a VCR.  
Each device will have a 21-pin female connection; a cable with male connection at both ends is used for  
connecting the devices.  
Smartcard  
A credit card sized card that contains updateable chip memory. It is used for accessing Pay TV (encrypted)  
channel or services when inserted into an appropriate receiver.  
S/PDIF (Sony/Philips Digital Interface format)  
A standard format for the transfer of digital audio signals. It allows the transfer of digital audio between  
two devices without any conversion to and from analogue, which could degrade the signal quality.  
S-Video (Super-Video)  
Sometimes referred to as Y/C video; a technology for transmitting video signals via a cable. It is a video  
signal transmission in which the luminance (brightness) and the chrominance (colour) signals are  
transmitted separately to achieve superior picture clarity.  
Transponder  
A satellite is divided up in parts called transponders. A transponder is one distribution section of the  
satellite. Each transponder can be used for distribution of several channels or services.  
Trick-Play  
Pause, Fast Forward/Fast Rewind, Slow Motion, Instant Replay, Commercial Skip, Repeat A-B.  
TSR (Time Shifted Recording)  
A function that records the present programme temporarily to support trick-play.  
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Appendix  
Remote Control Code List  
1. Using the Universal Remote Control  
1. Select the mode(PVR, TV, DVD, AUDIO) you want to set by pressing the corresponding button on the  
remote control. The button will blink once.  
2. Keep pressing the button for 3 seconds until the button lights on.  
3. Enter the 3-digit code. Every time a number is entered, the button will blink. When the third digit is  
entered, the button will blink twice.  
4. If a valid 3-digit code is entered, the product will power off.  
5. Press the OK button and the mode button will blink three times. The setup is complete.  
6. If the product does not power off, repeat the instruction from 3 to 5.  
Note:  
When no code is entered for one minute the universal setting mode will switch to normal mode.  
Try several setting codes and select the code that has the most functions.  
Remote Control Function List  
The keys on the remote control function as in the list below.  
Note: Some keys may not function depending on the product.  
Button  
TV  
DVD  
POWER  
MUTE  
AUDIO  
POWER  
MUTE  
STANDBY  
POWER  
MUTE  
PVR  
TV  
DVD  
AUDIO  
1
DIGIT 1  
DIGIT 2  
DIGIT 3  
DIGIT 4  
DIGIT 5  
DIGIT 6  
DIGIT 7  
DIGIT 8  
DIGIT 9  
DIGIT 0, 11  
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0
INPUT 1  
INPUT 2  
INPUT 3  
INPUT 4  
INPUT 5  
INPUT 6  
INPUT 7  
INPUT 8  
INPUT 9  
INPUT 0  
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0
TV Portal  
MENU  
MENU  
MENU  
MENU/MODE  
70  
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Appendix  
English  
Button  
TV  
DVD  
PLAY  
AUDIO  
PLAY  
TEXT EXPAND  
TEXT HOLD  
PIP INPUT  
PIP MOVE  
II  
PAUSE  
PAUSE  
STOP  
STOP  
RECORD, OPEN CLOSE  
RECORD  
REWIND, SEARCH REVERSE;  
SCAN  
DVD SEARCH REW, CD  
SEARCH REW, REW  
ꢁꢁ  
PIP OFF  
FAST FORWARD, DVD  
SEARCH REW, CD SEARCH  
REW, REW  
FAST FORWARD, SEARCH  
FORWARD; SCAN  
ꢀꢀ  
PIP  
ꢁꢁ  
I
TEXT MIX  
SKIP -, TRACK -, CHAPTER - DVD SKIP -, CD SKIP -, SKIP -  
DVD SKIP+, CD SKIP +,  
ꢀꢀ  
I
TEXT OFF, TV  
SKIP, TRACK +, CHAPTER +  
SKIP +  
RED  
GREEN  
YELLOW  
BLUE  
MEDIA  
GUIDE  
OK  
RED  
GREEN  
YELLOW  
BLUE  
RED  
GREEN  
RED  
GREEN  
YELLOW  
BLUE  
YELLOW  
PROGRAMME  
GUIDE  
OK  
GUIDE  
OK  
DSP MODE  
OK  
UP  
UP  
UP  
UP  
LEFT  
LEFT  
LEFT  
LEFT  
RIGHT  
DOWN  
EXIT  
RIGHT  
DOWN  
EXIT  
RIGHT  
DOWN  
EXIT, RETIRN  
RIGHT  
DOWN  
EXIT  
LAST, RECALL;  
PP; LAST CHANNEL  
BACK  
CLEAR  
REPEAT  
VOL+  
VOL-  
VOL+  
VOL+  
VOL+  
VOL-  
INFO  
VOL-  
VOL-  
INFO, OSD; DISPLAY  
LIST  
INFO, OSD; DISPLAY  
LIST  
P+  
P+  
P-  
P+  
P+  
P-  
P-  
P-  
TEXT  
TEXT  
PVR MENU  
AUDIO, LANGUAGE  
SUBTITLE  
SURROUND  
SUB  
SUBTITLE, LANGUAGE; CC  
71  
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Appendix  
Button  
TV  
DVD  
AUDIO  
BAND  
TV/DTV ATV/DTV; D/A;  
DTV/TV; DTV; DIGITIAL  
TV/RADIO  
OPT+  
HDD, DVD/HDD  
RANDOM  
RANDOM  
TEXT SUBPAGE  
TEXT TIME  
TEXT INDEX  
TITLE  
TEXT POSITION  
TEXT CANCEL;  
TEXT UPDATE  
SLOW;  
STEP  
SOURCE, AV, 55INPUT;  
TV/AV  
SOURCE  
SLEEP  
SOURCE, TV/DVD, TV/DISK  
SLEEP  
SOURCE, FUNCTION  
SLEEP  
SLEEP  
TEXT SIZE; TEXT EXPAND;  
FTB  
V-FORMAT  
WIDE, FORMAT, 16:9,  
ASPECT; ZOOM  
WIDE  
ZOOM  
2. TV Code List  
Brand  
A.R. Systems  
Accent  
Code  
102, 006, 080, 066  
Akai  
102, 006, 098, 144, 145, 111, 061,  
043, 074, 148, 232, 280, 128, 122,  
461, 109, 462, 489, 094, 084, 083,  
065, 035, 034, 033, 028, 023, 011,  
004, 002, 154, 321  
006  
Acer  
261, 278, 305  
Akiba  
Akito  
Akura  
006, 036, 080, 045  
006, 044  
Acoustic Solutions  
Acura  
210, 312, 324, 370, 386, 428, 477  
002  
006, 144, 134, 204, 043, 036, 002,  
026, 045, 071, 298, 327, 376, 451  
ADL  
224  
Admiral  
Advent  
Adyson  
AEG  
043, 014, 015, 023  
192, 342  
034, 035  
211, 256, 327, 489  
043, 034, 035  
094  
Alaron  
Alba  
034  
006, 144, 134, 204, 087, 064, 036,  
005, 108, 473, 455, 447, 388, 099,  
084, 077, 072, 065, 059, 034, 023,  
002  
Agashi  
AlfaView  
All-Tel  
220  
AGB  
190, 238  
032, 035  
006  
Agef  
014  
Allorgan  
Aiko  
006, 061, 043, 074, 002, 004, 011,  
028, 034, 035, 065  
Allstar  
Amitech  
Amoi  
131, 241  
315  
Aim  
006, 171  
Airis  
Aiwa  
316, 413, 473  
139, 141, 445  
Amplivision  
064, 035, 049  
72  
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Appendix  
English  
Amstrad  
006, 204, 043, 036, 074, 002, 023,  
026, 062, 065, 071, 094, 128, 410,  
436, 451  
Baird  
011, 012, 020, 033, 035, 054, 218  
Bang & Olufsen  
Barco  
014  
023  
Anam  
006, 002  
Basic Line  
102, 006, 134, 204, 036, 080, 002,  
023, 035, 045, 053, 066, 211  
Anam National  
Andersson  
Anglo  
006, 129  
210, 211  
Bastide  
Bauer  
Baur  
035  
043, 002  
171, 344  
Anitech  
006, 043, 002, 045  
006, 030, 061, 028, 056, 093, 096,  
097, 101  
Ansonic  
006, 134, 064, 002, 017, 023, 042,  
048 , 066, 070, 285  
Bazin  
035  
027  
AOC  
120, 266, 335  
Beaumark  
Beko  
Apollo  
Apro  
083  
006, 144, 086, 145, 111, 064, 072,  
172, 361, 405  
420  
Arc En Ciel  
Arcam  
Ardem  
Arena  
020  
Belson  
138, 201, 215  
034, 035  
Belstar  
204  
006, 144  
BenQ  
223, 328, 329  
006  
Bensten  
Beon  
258, 436, 437  
006, 072  
Aristona  
ART  
102, 006  
Berthen  
Best  
134  
204  
064  
Arthur Martin  
ASA  
023  
Bestar  
006, 064, 066  
010, 014, 017, 018, 055  
Bestar-Daewoo  
Binatone  
Black Diamond  
Blackway  
Blaupunkt  
Blue Media  
Blue Sky  
066  
Asberg  
Asora  
006  
035  
002  
444, 204, 211  
Asuka  
043, 036, 034, 035, 045  
Atec  
340, 387  
036, 045  
Atlantic  
Atori  
006, 032, 034, 042, 049  
030, 005, 080, 025, 028, 096, 101  
340, 387  
002  
023  
Auchan  
Audiosonic  
102, 006, 144, 134, 204, 145, 087,  
036, 080, 091, 119, 045, 215, 229,  
254, 265, 310, 361, 380, 445  
006, 144, 086, 145, 043, 064, 036,  
002, 020, 035, 066, 190, 250, 405,  
473  
Blue Star  
BlueH  
Boca  
045  
Audioton  
Audiovox  
Aumark  
Autovox  
AVC  
086, 043, 064, 035  
391  
079  
361  
009  
Boman  
Boots  
256  
014, 032, 035, 056, 097  
002, 035, 044  
472  
352  
Bork  
265  
Avious  
Awa  
Bosch  
049  
111, 005, 019, 002, 003, 035, 079,  
271  
BPL  
006, 033, 045, 202  
120, 144, 103, 020, 046, 052  
380  
Brandt  
Brimax  
Brinkmann  
Axxent  
Baier  
002  
192  
006, 134, 086, 072, 095  
73  
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Appendix  
Brionvega  
Britannia  
Brother  
Bruns  
006, 014, 062  
034, 035  
043  
CMS Hightec  
Concorde  
Condor  
035  
002  
006, 043, 064, 002, 034, 045, 049,  
070, 072  
014  
Conia  
179, 201, 298, 376  
172  
BSR  
023  
Conrac  
BTC  
036  
Contec  
006, 005, 002, 034  
087, 020, 046  
006, 002  
Bush  
102, 006, 144, 134, 204, 138, 087,  
061, 043, 036, 005, 108, 376, 373,  
370, 361, 355, 352, 327, 388, 430,  
431, 432, 440, 448, 451, 473, 476,  
477, 478, 002, 033, 035, 044, 045,  
056, 059, 065, 066, 095, 133, 164,  
210, 213, 229, 232, 250  
Continental Edison  
Cosmel  
Crosley  
014, 023  
Crown  
006, 144, 134, 204, 086, 145, 087,  
111, 143, 064, 361, 135, 072, 071,  
053, 033, 002  
Canton  
Capsonic  
Carad  
036  
043  
Crown Mustang  
CS Electronics  
CTX  
135  
134, 204, 113  
006, 080  
006, 005, 010  
025  
036, 034  
Carena  
Carrefour  
Carver  
Cascade  
Casio  
395  
Curtis Mathes  
Cybertron  
Cytronix  
009, 015, 021, 024, 079  
036  
006, 002  
006  
246  
D-Vision  
102, 006, 451  
Cat  
373, 504  
006, 386  
006  
Daewoo  
102, 006, 124, 444, 036, 441, 406,  
341, 338, 271, 249, 195, 192, 190,  
164, 133, 119, 091, 079, 066, 035,  
034, 002  
Cathay  
CCE  
cello  
397, 410, 418, 419, 420  
204  
Dainichi  
Daitsu  
036, 034  
Centrum  
Centurion  
Century  
CGE  
237  
006  
Dansai  
006, 005, 002, 004, 033, 034, 035  
071  
014  
Dansette  
Dantax  
064, 023, 072  
180  
144, 204, 086, 145, 064, 361, 445,  
450  
Changhong  
Chimei  
Cimline  
Cineral  
Cinex  
Datsura  
Dawa  
033  
475, 415  
036, 002  
079  
006  
Daytek  
Dayton  
Daytron  
De Graaf  
DEC  
221, 269, 271  
002, 221, 269  
006, 002, 066  
098, 007, 023, 033  
258  
128, 213, 327  
009  
Citizen  
City  
002  
Clarivox  
Classic  
Clatronic  
006, 010, 072  
091  
Decca  
006, 011, 035, 044, 094, 118  
235, 278  
Dell  
006, 144, 043, 064, 036, 002, 035,  
049, 065, 256  
Denko  
Denon  
043  
Clayton  
CMS  
204  
034  
021  
74  
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Appendix  
English  
Denver  
006, 108, 214, 256, 352, 410, 453,  
473, 489  
Elekta  
Element  
Elfunk  
ELG  
043, 045  
376  
Desmet  
DGM  
006, 002, 014, 049  
204, 222  
006  
436  
Diamant  
Diamond  
DiBoss  
006  
Elin  
006, 098, 061, 002, 017, 056  
006, 036, 049  
181  
Elite  
293  
Elta  
043, 002  
Digatron  
Digihome  
Digiline  
Digimate  
Digital Device  
Digitek  
Digitrex  
Digix Media  
Dixi  
006  
Emerson  
006, 144, 134, 444, 086, 061, 064,  
010, 014, 027, 045, 049, 065, 119  
210, 370  
006, 134, 018  
Emperor  
Envision  
Epson  
045  
198  
266  
340  
243, 184, 186  
310, 380  
Erae  
267  
478  
Erres  
006  
195  
ESC  
006, 035  
006, 002, 014, 035  
Etron  
002, 023  
Eurofeel  
Euroman  
Europa  
043, 035  
DL  
199, 258  
006, 043, 064, 034, 035  
DMTech  
Domeos  
Dream Vision  
DTS  
260, 438, 449, 454, 456  
006  
134  
379  
002  
Europhon  
Evesham  
Evesham Technology  
Evolution  
Excors  
006, 035, 094  
230, 340, 370, 382, 387  
387  
Dual  
006, 204, 208, 035, 042, 054, 056,  
095, 097, 164, 210, 219, 237, 468  
395  
Dual Tec  
Dumont  
Durabrand  
Dux  
035  
467  
010, 011, 014, 017, 035  
Expert  
023, 032, 042  
006  
285, 361, 453  
006  
Exquisit  
FairTec  
268  
Dynatech  
Dynatron  
e-motion  
E:max  
035  
Fenner  
002, 066  
006  
Ferguson  
006, 120, 098, 103, 030, 204, 012,  
020, 029, 046, 052, 054, 077, 292,  
447, 476  
380  
256, 316  
230, 326, 402  
162  
Fidelity  
006, 061, 043, 023, 026, 029, 034,  
065, 071, 093, 097  
Easy Living  
Ecco  
Filsai  
035  
ECE  
006  
Finlandia  
Finlux  
098, 061, 011, 023, 033, 055  
Edison-Minerva  
Eiki  
087  
102, 006, 144, 145, 333, 327, 172,  
122, 118, 094, 089, 084, 083, 070,  
055, 035, 023, 018, 017, 014, 011,  
010  
150  
Elba-Sharp  
Elbe  
094  
102, 006, 113, 036, 028, 035, 042,  
048, 062, 070, 075, 094, 099, 121  
Firstline  
102, 006, 144, 134, 204, 061, 341,  
267, 265, 250, 215, 172, 119, 097,  
070, 066, 056, 050, 035, 034, 033,  
011, 002  
Elcit  
014, 023, 094  
75  
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Appendix  
Fisher  
061, 064, 005, 008, 011, 014, 017,  
033, 035, 056, 097  
Gorenje  
GPM  
064  
036  
Flint  
006, 113, 043, 036, 080, 011  
Gradiente  
Graetz  
006, 025, 207  
Force  
210  
144, 087, 061, 023, 053, 065, 211  
128  
Forgestone  
Formenti  
Formenti-Phoenix  
Fortress  
Fraba  
029  
Gran Prix  
Granada  
006, 014, 023, 034, 049  
034, 049  
006, 098, 103, 005, 019, 038, 011,  
023, 033, 035, 053, 054, 060, 081,  
083, 094, 008  
014, 015  
Grandin  
102, 006, 144, 134, 204, 145, 113,  
036, 080, 272, 270, 269, 246, 220,  
215, 195, 190, 119, 066, 049, 045,  
023, 002  
006, 064  
Friac  
006, 113, 064, 002, 091  
043, 002, 023, 035  
190  
Frontech  
Fujimaro  
Fujitsu  
Gronic  
035  
Grundig  
102, 006, 030, 087, 142, 005, 108,  
498, 476, 448, 447, 445, 430, 405,  
370, 271, 267, 250, 225, 135, 121,  
010, 101, 096, 028, 077  
002, 011, 032, 035, 042, 137, 173,  
187  
Fujitsu General  
Fujitsu Siemens  
Funai  
002, 032, 035, 137  
172, 211, 230, 246, 268, 369  
144, 134, 043, 275, 336, 369, 407  
006  
Grunkel  
H & B  
211  
172, 456  
Haier  
138, 344, 392, 339  
Galaxi  
Halifax  
043, 034, 035  
Galaxis  
006, 064  
Hallmark  
Hampton  
Hanimex  
Hanns.G  
Hannspree  
Hanseatic  
027  
Gateway  
GBC  
394  
034, 035  
036, 002, 023, 066  
015, 027, 045, 052, 079, 150, 442  
006, 061, 011, 023, 035, 056, 094  
002, 023, 066  
036, 443  
GE  
402  
GEC  
262, 263, 264, 342, 401, 402, 463  
Geloso  
102, 006, 120, 144, 124, 061, 064,  
172, 133, 097, 095, 091, 067, 056,  
049, 048, 045, 035, 014, 002  
General  
General Technic  
Genexxa  
Gericom  
020, 046, 082  
002  
006, 036, 002, 023, 071  
Hantarex  
Hantor  
006, 002, 094, 190, 260, 289  
172, 190, 195, 220, 224, 246, 340,  
388  
006  
Harsper  
Harwa  
190  
Go Video  
Gold  
009  
162, 218, 238  
006, 087, 002, 071  
006  
397, 413, 484, 485  
Harwood  
Hauppauge  
Havermy  
HCM  
Goldfunk  
GoldHand  
GoldStar  
134  
034  
015  
006, 144, 145, 111, 061, 001, 007,  
020, 023, 027, 034, 035, 047, 067  
006, 043, 036, 002, 035, 045, 071,  
072  
Gooding  
087  
Hema  
002, 035  
056, 097  
020  
Goodmans  
102, 006, 120, 144, 103, 134, 124,  
444, 204, 087, 043, 036, 005, 478,  
211, 232, 477, 250, 476, 271, 445,  
355, 370, 373, 440, 376, 382, 383,  
386, 002, 004, 011, 035, 047, 052,  
054, 065, 066, 084, 091, 094, 119,  
121, 133, 172, 195, 210  
Hemmermann  
Hifivox  
Higashi  
034  
Highline  
006, 043  
76  
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Appendix  
English  
Hikona  
Hinari  
036, 452  
Ingersol  
Inno Hit  
002  
006, 043, 036, 005, 002, 033, 059,  
077, 443  
036, 002, 011, 035, 045, 047, 094,  
211  
Hisawa  
Hisense  
Hit  
144, 113, 036, 080, 045  
102, 092, 165, 254, 265, 366, 491  
014  
Innovation  
Innowert  
Interbuy  
095  
190, 246  
006, 043, 002  
Hitachi  
006, 098, 124, 204, 208, 005, 019,  
037, 146, 152, 153, 163, 169, 193,  
197, 007, 206, 210, 217, 227, 295,  
296, 330, 377, 399, 424, 483, 020,  
021, 023, 027, 035, 054, 056, 060,  
076, 081, 083, 084, 085, 089, 091,  
094, 018, 106, 107, 011  
Interfunk  
Internal  
006, 061, 014, 020, 023, 056, 093  
102, 444, 119  
Intervision  
006, 086, 087, 043, 036, 080, 002,  
035, 045, 067, 095  
Irradio  
Isukai  
ITC  
006, 036, 002, 047, 065, 147  
006, 036, 080, 045  
Hitachi Fujian  
Hitsu  
019  
035, 049  
113, 036, 080, 002  
014  
ITS  
006, 043, 036, 034, 045, 065  
HMV  
ITT  
098, 113, 061, 023, 029, 033, 053  
055, 056, 083, 084, 097  
Hoeher  
144, 190, 211, 327  
111  
Home Electronics  
Hornyphon  
Hoshai  
ITT Nokia  
098, 113, 111, 061, 023, 033, 053  
055, 056, 083, 084  
006  
036, 080, 045  
034, 066  
198, 224  
ITV  
006, 043, 066  
Huanyu  
JDV  
451  
Hugoson  
Humax  
Jean  
JEC  
005, 307, 308  
505, 299, 506, 507, 245, 319, 322,  
411, 433, 479  
004  
JMB  
JNC  
102, 124, 077, 091  
HYD  
271  
378  
143  
284  
102  
Hygashi  
Hyper  
034, 035  
002, 034, 035  
061  
Jocel  
Jouge  
Jubilee  
JVC  
Hypersonic  
Hypson  
102, 006, 144, 134, 204, 086, 145,  
043, 080, 035, 045, 118  
111, 036, 005, 129, 130, 015, 029  
065, 072, 137, 149, 207, 264, 362  
408, 496  
Hyundai  
164, 190, 192, 241, 244, 271, 291,  
317, 338, 340, 341, 439  
Kaisui  
006, 036, 080, 002, 034, 035, 045  
034  
Iberia  
ICE  
006  
Kamp  
006, 043, 036, 034, 035, 065  
036, 034  
Kapsch  
Karcher  
061, 017, 023, 032, 042  
ICeS  
144, 113, 111, 043, 064, 045, 164,  
327, 451  
iDEAL  
Igo  
327  
226  
Kathrein  
Kawa  
102, 195  
065  
IISonic  
Iiyama  
Imperial  
Indiana  
InFocus  
Ingelen  
271, 308, 342  
193, 198, 224  
006, 064, 056, 072, 121, 487  
006  
Kawasho  
KB Aristocrat  
Kendo  
034  
023  
006, 204, 113, 064, 062, 067, 070,  
095, 099, 128, 210, 285, 333  
212, 220, 283  
144, 113, 087, 023  
Kennedy  
023, 032, 075  
77  
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Appendix  
Kennex  
Keymat  
Kingsley  
Kioto  
204  
Liesenk & Tter  
Liesenkotter  
Lifetec  
006  
006  
258, 300, 398, 436, 437  
034  
006, 144, 134, 204, 208, 036, 002  
066, 095, 137  
142  
Lloyd’s  
002  
Kiss  
170  
Local India TV  
Lodos  
002, 033, 109, 280  
204, 210  
Kiton  
006, 134  
Kneissel  
102, 006, 113, 064, 042, 048, 062  
066, 070, 075, 091  
Loewe  
006, 064, 014, 048, 093, 094, 123  
131, 167, 414, 434  
Kobra  
Kolster  
Konig  
Konka  
290  
Logic  
Logik  
494  
006, 036, 056  
006, 016  
204, 001, 003, 029, 162, 195, 224,  
292, 376, 464, 465, 466  
006, 144, 036, 065, 072, 126, 158,  
201  
Logix  
Luker  
Luma  
134, 095  
451  
Kontakt  
Korpel  
Korting  
Kosmos  
Kotron  
Koyoda  
Kreisen  
KTV  
087  
204, 002, 023, 032, 042, 062, 066,  
070  
006  
064, 014, 049  
Lumatron  
Lux May  
Luxor  
006, 043, 012, 023, 032, 035, 042  
006, 002  
006  
071, 440  
098, 204, 061, 023, 033, 035, 047,  
055, 056, 060, 083, 084, 122, 211  
002  
LXI  
022  
192, 293  
M Electronic  
006, 144, 124, 030, 061, 361, 133,  
093, 089, 084, 070, 066, 056, 055,  
054, 046, 035, 034, 023, 020, 018,  
017, 002  
035  
Kuba  
056  
Kyoshu  
Kyoto  
071, 072  
Madison  
MAG  
006  
023, 034, 035  
298, 376  
L&S Electronic  
LaSAT  
Lava  
144, 172, 190  
Magnadyne  
Magnafon  
Magnavox  
Magnin  
014, 023, 094, 097  
086  
012, 034, 094  
293  
005, 003  
Lavis  
204  
442  
Leader  
Lecson  
Lemair  
Lenco  
002  
Magnum  
Mandor  
006, 144, 145, 128, 242  
006  
043  
070  
Manesth  
Manhattan  
Maqma  
006, 043, 004, 035, 049  
006, 108, 017, 066, 352, 452  
006, 134, 204, 164, 192, 237, 293  
Lenoir  
Lentec  
Lexsor  
Leyco  
002, 214  
316  
290, 340, 378, 404  
Marantz  
102, 006, 071, 140, 277, 317  
218, 303  
006, 043, 011  
Marelli  
014  
Mark  
006, 144, 145, 002, 034, 035, 066  
LG  
102, 006, 144, 145, 138, 061, 064,  
248, 281, 354, 367, 368, 384, 396,  
416, 417, 425, 426, 215, 209, 067,  
047, 035, 034, 027, 023, 002, 001,  
236, 257  
Marks and Spencer  
Marquant  
Mascom  
420  
478  
327, 432  
78  
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Appendix  
English  
Masters  
Masuda  
Matsui  
091  
036  
Morgan’s  
Motorola  
MTC  
006  
015  
102, 006, 144, 030, 204, 087, 005,  
080, 074, 153, 195, 097, 094, 369,  
445, 077, 447, 065, 059, 056, 052,  
044, 035, 033, 028, 011, 008, 004,  
003, 002  
064, 009, 034, 056, 093  
MTEC  
044  
MTlogic  
Multibroadcast  
Multitec  
Multitech  
Murphy  
Musikland  
Mx Onda  
MyCom  
Myrica  
144, 473  
029  
Matsushita  
Maxent  
129  
006, 134, 204, 086, 327  
394, 160  
213, 327, 451  
220, 449  
102, 006  
006, 086, 043, 064, 002, 034, 035  
Maxim  
017, 023, 034  
Medialine  
Mediator  
Medion  
036  
298, 376  
102, 006, 144, 134, 204, 138, 208,  
172, 195, 093, 040, 210, 213, 219,  
230, 285, 327, 370, 440, 456  
271  
369  
Megas  
113  
Myryad  
NAD  
102  
Megatron  
MEI  
021, 027  
204  
006, 061, 190  
006, 111, 157, 451  
006, 066  
451  
Naiko  
Memorex  
Memphis  
Mercury  
Metronic  
Metz  
204, 002, 009, 027  
002, 011  
006, 002  
120  
Nakimura  
Narita  
NAT  
038  
National  
NEC  
038  
006, 134, 030, 108, 014 ,028, 063  
096, 101, 211, 318  
005, 002, 003, 025, 035, 040, 049,  
066, 140, 239, 379  
MGA  
027, 442  
Neckermann  
102, 006, 064, 014, 028, 049, 056,  
070, 072, 101  
Micromaxx  
Microspot  
Microstar  
Mikomi  
006, 134, 204, 121, 172, 256, 456  
NEI  
006, 204, 065  
237, 389  
343  
Neon  
Neovia  
172  
190, 192, 220, 260, 267, 268, 271,  
273, 449, 454  
204, 153, 210  
006  
Minato  
Nesx  
389  
Minerva  
030, 087, 019, 010, 028, 094, 096,  
101  
Netsat  
006  
NetTV  
160  
Minoka  
006, 071  
369, 423, 482  
440  
Neufunk  
New Tech  
New World  
Nextier  
NFREN  
102, 006, 144, 113, 036, 002  
Mirai  
102, 006, 002, 035, 054  
Mirror  
036  
338  
170  
097  
034  
Mistral Electronics  
Mitsai  
029  
327  
Mitsubishi  
102, 006, 204, 005, 019, 014, 015,  
027, 093, 096, 191, 311  
Nicam  
Mivar  
034, 035, 047, 048, 094, 112  
Nicamagic  
Nikkai  
Mogen  
Monaco  
374, 410  
002  
006, 043, 036, 005, 002, 004, 011,  
034, 035  
Nikkei  
144  
79  
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Appendix  
Nikko  
027  
Otto Versand  
102, 006, 030, 061, 005, 038, 028,  
020, 035, 049, 054, 056, 015, 093,  
096, 097, 101  
Nobliko  
Nogamatic  
Nokia  
010, 034  
020  
Pacific  
102, 144, 204, 208, 077, 256  
098, 113, 111, 061, 023, 033, 049,  
053, 055, 056, 066, 083, 084, 089,  
122  
Packard Bell  
Pael  
254, 293  
034  
Norcent  
266, 335  
035  
Palladium  
102, 006, 144, 064, 208, 035, 056,  
028, 070, 072, 095, 101, 023, 121,  
131 ,014  
Nordic  
Nordmende  
006, 144, 103, 030, 020, 046, 054,  
242, 280, 499  
Palsonic  
006, 138, 043, 001, 035, 072, 218,  
238, 303  
Normerel  
Northern Star  
Novatronic  
Novita  
006  
Panama  
006, 043, 002, 034, 035  
220  
Panasonic  
006, 098, 061, 129, 038, 023, 063,  
094, 187, 251, 294, 353, 359, 279,  
306  
006, 018, 066  
273  
Panavision  
Pathe Cinema  
Pathe Marconi  
Pausa  
006, 070  
Oceanic  
Odeon  
Okano  
098, 061, 023, 033, 083  
023, 034, 048, 049  
043  
020  
006, 043, 064, 002, 011  
002  
Olidata  
Omega  
Onida  
271  
Penney  
009, 022, 027, 442  
043  
Perdio  
006, 011, 023, 034, 045, 049  
207, 226  
Perfekt  
006  
Onimax  
Onn  
144  
Petters  
006  
380, 465, 477, 495, 497, 500, 501  
Philco  
006, 064, 014, 021, 072  
Onwa  
036, 074, 065, 109  
380, 397  
006  
Philex  
029  
035  
Onyx  
Philharmonic  
Philips  
Opera  
102, 006, 061, 459, 435, 429, 395,  
310, 302, 297, 247, 125, 110, 101,  
073, 066, 054, 029, 014, 002  
Optimus  
Optoma  
Orbit  
129, 024  
234, 346, 371  
006  
Phocus  
144, 242, 250, 361, 405  
Phoenix  
006, 086, 064, 011, 014, 023, 034,  
049  
Orcom  
Orion  
300  
102, 006, 144, 204, 467, 458, 457,  
456, 448, 445, 443, 385, 218, 195,  
131, 097, 094, 077, 071, 059, 050,  
049, 003  
Phonola  
Pilot  
102, 006, 014, 029, 034  
142  
Pioneer  
006, 086, 061, 064, 020, 023, 024,  
046, 073, 093, 136, 159, 233, 277,  
286, 381  
Orline  
006, 036  
134, 204  
094  
Ormond  
Orsowe  
Osaki  
Pionier  
086, 064, 327  
Plantron  
Playsonic  
Polaroid  
Poppy  
006, 043, 002  
102, 006, 043, 036, 011, 035, 044,  
059, 066, 071  
006, 144, 145, 035, 053, 361, 405  
298, 312, 355, 376, 383, 390, 240  
002  
Osio  
Oso  
006, 047  
036  
Osume  
Otic  
006, 036, 005, 011  
298, 376  
Portland  
066, 119  
80  
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Appendix  
English  
Powerpoint  
Prandoni-Prince  
Precision  
Premier  
Prima  
006, 138, 087, 201  
RBM  
010  
061, 094  
RCA  
120, 015, 442  
035  
RealiTV  
Reality  
Recor  
237  
199  
237  
043, 002, 071, 218, 238, 303  
006  
PrimeView  
Prinston  
Prinz  
340  
Rectiligne  
Rediffusion  
Redstar  
Reflex  
006  
204, 145  
061, 011, 056, 097  
061, 002, 023  
002  
098, 061, 005, 055  
006  
Profex  
006, 134, 204  
Profi  
Relisys  
190, 192, 193, 194, 220, 221, 271,  
310, 333, 338, 341, 355, 390  
Profilo  
327  
Remotec  
Reoc  
006, 015, 021, 026  
144  
Profitronic  
Proline  
006  
006, 120, 124, 204, 011, 050, 070,  
118, 121, 271, 324, 386, 450  
Revox  
Rex  
006  
Prosco  
002  
043, 023, 032, 042, 070, 099  
006, 043, 011, 014  
Prosonic  
006, 144, 134, 064, 034, 035, 065,  
066, 389, 403, 428, 437, 467, 486  
RFT  
Roadstar  
006, 144, 134, 204, 145, 043, 036,  
002, 045, 072, 214, 440  
Protech  
006, 134, 204, 086, 043, 002, 035,  
045, 056, 072  
Robotron  
Rolson  
Rover  
014  
Proton  
ProVision  
Proxima  
Pvision  
Pye  
027  
178, 267  
193  
102, 006, 144, 256  
150, 152  
Royal Lux  
Saba  
064, 052, 071  
192, 310, 456  
120, 098, 144, 103, 061, 014, 020,  
023, 046, 052, 054, 090, 094, 335  
102, 006, 014, 056, 066, 101  
Pymi  
002  
Sagem  
Saisho  
Saivod  
Sakai  
113, 080, 182, 253, 337  
043, 002, 003, 023, 035, 094, 097  
006, 134, 204, 143, 211, 327, 451  
023  
QONIX  
Quadral  
Quasar  
Quelle  
352  
036  
002, 190  
006, 134, 030, 204, 061, 101, 097,  
096, 093, 056, 028, 020, 017, 010,  
003  
Salora  
098, 061, 023, 033, 047, 056, 060,  
084, 094, 118, 122, 213, 219, 327  
Salsa  
052  
Questa  
005  
Sambers  
Sampo  
Samsung  
094  
R-Line  
006  
394, 160  
Radialva  
Radiola  
036, 023  
102, 006, 035  
006, 014, 094  
006, 027  
102, 006, 043, 064, 108, 115, 231,  
252, 276, 287, 332, 345, 350, 351,  
372, 442, 474, 488, 490, 492, 228,  
176, 175, 127, 095,047, 035, 034,  
033, 027, 023, 011, 009, 002  
Radiomarelli  
RadioShack  
Radiotone  
Sandra  
Sansui  
Santon  
034, 035  
006, 134, 204, 043, 064, 002, 071,  
072, 128  
006, 142, 131, 148, 189, 267, 326  
002  
Rank  
010  
005  
Rank Arena  
81  
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Appendix  
Sanyo  
204, 064, 005, 019, 442, 370, 363,  
358, 357, 356, 222, 200, 150, 140,  
097, 053, 048, 035, 034, 033, 025,  
023, 017, 011, 008, 003, 002, 240  
Sinudyne  
006, 061, 014, 023, 032, 056, 094,  
097  
Skantic  
SKY  
060  
006, 195, 271, 300, 307, 308, 340,  
341, 342, 343, 344, 391, 400, 421  
SBR  
102, 006, 029  
Schaub Lorenz  
098, 144, 086, 111, 061, 056, 066,  
215, 256, 267  
SKY Brazil  
Sliding  
SLX  
195  
170, 190, 195, 256, 269, 270, 272  
Schneider  
102, 006, 144, 134, 204, 061, 208,  
036, 451, 450, 293, 128, 097, 095,  
065, 056, 054, 042, 035, 023, 010  
134  
Smaragd  
Soemtron  
Sogera  
Sogo  
087  
Scotch  
Scotland  
Scott  
027  
190, 246  
023  
049  
214  
271, 473  
Sears  
022, 026, 027  
124  
Solavox  
Sonawa  
Soniko  
Sonitron  
Sonix  
006, 098, 061, 011, 023  
036  
Seaway  
Seelver  
SEG  
204  
006  
006, 134, 204, 087, 043, 036, 005,  
285, 211, 210, 119, 062, 056, 035,  
034, 002  
064, 033, 035, 053  
271, 389  
SEI  
006, 014, 023, 032, 056, 094, 097  
006, 014, 032, 094, 097  
Sonneclair  
Sonoko  
Sonolor  
Sontec  
Sony  
006  
Sei-Sinudyne  
Seleco  
006, 043, 002, 035, 045  
098, 061, 023, 033, 045  
006, 064, 002  
023, 032, 042, 055, 062, 065, 070,  
075, 099  
Semp  
022  
006, 301, 005, 446, 412, 393, 375,  
360, 325, 255, 203, 185, 174, 058,  
003  
Sencora  
Sentra  
Serino  
Sharp  
002  
004  
Sound & Vision  
Soundesign  
Soundwave  
Spectra  
036, 066  
113, 080, 015, 034  
027  
005, 130, 216, 015, 029, 088, 094,  
177, 274, 334, 365, 409, 166, 288  
006, 204, 145, 049, 072, 420  
Shintoshi  
Shivaki  
Siarem  
006  
002  
026  
002  
006, 077  
Squareview  
Ssangyong  
Standard  
014, 023, 094  
006, 030, 028, 096, 101  
102, 006  
Siemens  
Siera  
006, 204, 036, 002, 035, 049, 066,  
380  
Starlite  
Stenway  
Stern  
006, 043, 002, 023  
Siesta  
064  
036, 045  
Silva  
006, 061, 034, 128  
006, 213, 327, 451  
108  
043, 023, 032, 042, 070, 099  
Silva Schneider  
Silvano  
Silver  
Strato  
006, 043, 002, 403  
Strong  
Stylandia  
SunBrite  
Sungoo  
Sunkai  
210, 211  
145, 061, 005  
204  
035  
SilverCrest  
Singer  
284  
006, 074, 002, 014, 052, 075  
162  
470  
Sinotec  
113, 087, 036, 080, 050, 059, 190  
82  
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Appendix  
English  
Sunstar  
Sunstech  
Sunwood  
Superla  
SuperTech  
Supra  
006, 043, 002, 065  
Technotrend  
Techwood  
Teckton  
Tecnimagen  
Teco  
316, 378  
456  
204, 211  
006  
271  
034, 035, 094  
102, 006, 036, 002, 034  
002, 066  
102  
205  
Tedelex  
002, 035, 380  
Susumu  
Sutron  
036, 046, 052  
002  
Teiron  
002  
Tek  
168  
SVA  
108, 190  
Teknika  
TELE System  
Teleavia  
Telecor  
009  
Swedx  
340  
192  
Swissflex  
Swisstec  
481  
046, 054  
481, 480, 422, 421, 401, 400, 391,  
344, 343, 342, 341, 340, 308, 307,  
300, 271, 195, 190  
006, 036, 023, 035, 042  
Telefunken  
006, 120, 144, 103, 086, 320, 202,  
105, 090, 082, 055, 054, 052, 046,  
020, 016, 012, 348  
Sydney  
Sylvania  
Sysline  
Sytong  
Tactus  
034, 035  
026, 275, 427  
006  
Telefusion  
Telegazi  
006  
006, 043, 036, 023, 042  
034  
Telemagic  
Telemeister  
Telesonic  
Telestar  
150  
044  
006, 049  
Tandberg  
Tandy  
061, 020, 063  
036, 011, 015, 023, 035  
237, 267  
006  
102, 006  
Targa  
Teletech  
Teleton  
006, 134, 204, 002  
Tashiko  
Tatung  
005, 023, 025, 034, 035  
005, 032, 035, 042, 056  
006, 003, 011, 035, 044, 094, 118,  
215, 230, 256, 267, 326, 327, 382,  
383, 395  
Televideon  
Teleview  
Tempest  
Tennessee  
Tensai  
023, 034, 049  
006  
002  
006  
TCL  
142, 321  
TCM  
Teac  
144, 172, 242, 456  
006, 204, 145, 036, 002, 017, 018,  
035, 049, 065, 066, 067  
006, 144, 134, 138, 143, 043, 080,  
002, 025, 026, 027, 056, 093  
Tenson  
Tevion  
002, 049  
Tec  
006, 002, 035, 042, 052, 082  
102, 006, 144, 134, 204, 208, 468,  
405, 403, 376, 355, 327, 298, 246,  
242, 232, 230, 172, 128  
Tech Line  
Tech Lux  
Techica  
006, 134, 211, 285  
214  
036  
Texet  
036, 002, 034, 035, 066  
165  
Technema  
Technica  
Technics  
Technika  
TechniSat  
Technisson  
Technosonic  
049  
Texla  
118, 451  
Thes  
467, 469, 471  
102, 129  
Thomson  
006, 120, 103, 020, 046, 052, 054,  
056, 082, 335  
422, 428, 465, 468, 480, 493  
102, 131, 237  
144, 242, 361  
Thorn  
006, 061, 005, 100, 096, 093, 091,  
054, 052, 044, 029, 020, 017, 012,  
011, 004  
Thorn-Ferguson  
012, 029, 052, 054, 091  
102, 120, 091, 195, 256, 258, 436,  
437, 451, 468  
83  
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Appendix  
Time  
Tiny  
378, 454, 455  
Univox  
006, 014, 023  
238  
027  
310  
V2max  
190  
TMK  
V7 Videoseven  
Venturer  
Vestel  
195, 224, 237, 271, 369, 394  
Tobishi  
Tokai  
324, 386, 428  
006, 134, 204, 002, 011, 023, 035,  
066  
006, 134, 204, 035, 211, 333, 370  
Vexa  
006, 002  
044  
Tokaido  
Tokyo  
204  
Vibrant  
004, 034  
036, 045  
134, 204  
Victor  
005  
Tomashi  
Topline  
Toshiba  
Videocon  
Videologic  
Videologique  
VideoSystem  
Videotechnic  
Videoton  
Vidikron  
Vidtech  
092  
036, 034  
036, 034, 035  
006  
030, 204, 005, 115, 129, 092, 447,  
364, 313, 304, 242, 212, 211, 183,  
100, 039, 022, 020, 010, 009, 004,  
236, 257  
034, 035, 049, 066  
023, 060  
150, 277  
027  
Tosumi  
451  
Towada  
035, 056  
002  
Toyoda  
Trakton  
043  
Viewpia  
192  
TRANS-continents  
102, 006, 134, 204, 035, 118, 190,  
269, 272  
Viewsonic  
307, 308, 323, 335, 349, 391, 394,  
259, 331  
Transonic  
Transtec  
Trident  
Trio  
006, 108, 002  
034  
Visiola  
Vision  
Vistar  
034  
006, 035, 049  
032  
035, 094  
298, 376  
043, 036, 029  
102, 006, 055, 094  
045  
Vistron  
Vivax  
265, 460  
250, 258  
250  
Tristar  
Triumph  
Tsoschi  
TVTEXT 95  
TWF  
Vivid  
Vortec  
Voxson  
Waltham  
006  
102  
006, 014, 023, 072  
432  
006, 134, 204, 020, 035, 060, 072,  
077  
Uher  
006, 086, 064, 032, 042, 049, 066,  
072, 084  
Wards  
009, 022, 024, 027  
Ultravox  
UMC  
006, 014, 023 034, 066  
Watson  
006, 144, 134, 204, 036, 002, 023,  
049, 095, 271, 285  
308, 340, 343, 391, 400, 422, 480,  
481, 493  
Watt Radio  
Wega  
023, 034, 056, 097  
Unic Line  
United  
006, 080, 083  
006, 005, 014  
002  
006, 144, 204, 145, 108, 397, 445,  
451  
Wegavox  
Welltech  
014  
Universal  
006  
Weltblick  
Weltstar  
035, 049  
204  
Universum  
006, 134, 030, 204, 061, 043, 064,  
005, 115, 070, 072, 083, 084, 089,  
093, 096, 097, 101, 122, 172, 211,  
285, 062, 056, 055, 047, 035, 025,  
020, 018, 017, 010, 003, 002  
Westinghouse  
Wharfedale  
189  
102, 006, 095, 189, 256, 327, 370,  
452, 453, 477, 502  
84  
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Appendix  
English  
White Westinghouse  
Wilson  
006, 034, 049, 119  
Goodmans  
Grandin  
Grundig  
Hanimex  
Hinari  
444, 066, 119, 445  
102  
119  
Windsor  
134, 204  
045  
102, 006, 030, 101, 445  
Windstar  
443  
Windy Sam  
World-of-Vision  
102  
005, 443  
444, 119  
147  
190, 193, 195, 198, 224, 242, 246,  
340, 389  
Internal  
Irradio  
X-View  
Xenius  
XLogic  
Xomax  
Xoro  
215  
LG  
027  
124, 133  
Magnin  
Matsui  
442  
188  
445  
397  
MGA  
442  
218, 224, 229, 303, 404, 503  
Mitsubishi  
Orion  
102, 015  
443, 445  
442  
Xrypton  
Yakumo  
Yalos  
006  
342  
Penney  
Philips  
398  
102, 006  
119  
Yamaha  
Yamishi  
Yokan  
Yoko  
169, 314, 330, 184  
006, 036, 080, 035, 045  
006  
Portland  
Radiola  
RCA  
102  
015, 442  
120  
006, 043, 064, 036, 002, 034, 035,  
053  
Saba  
Samsung  
Sanyo  
442  
Yor x  
036  
442  
Ytawai  
Zanussi  
Zenith  
Zenor  
316  
Schneider  
SEG  
102, 006  
119  
032, 035  
119, 236  
053  
Sharp  
015  
Siemens  
Sony  
006  
TV/VCR Combo  
301, 446  
026  
Aiwa  
445  
Teac  
Amstrad  
Beko  
026  
Technics  
Thomson  
United  
102  
086  
120  
Black Diamond  
Blue Sky  
Daewoo  
Dantax  
Emerson  
Ferguson  
Fidelity  
Finlux  
444  
445  
119, 445  
444, 119  
445  
Universum  
White Westinghouse  
018  
119  
TV/VCR/DVD Combo  
444, 119  
120, 012  
026  
Bush  
448  
447  
448  
447  
448  
Ferguson  
Grundig  
Matsui  
Orion  
017  
Firstline  
GE  
119  
015, 442  
006  
GoldStar  
85  
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Appendix  
3. DVD Code List  
Brand  
3D LAB  
4Kus  
Code  
Belson  
136, 181  
038  
106  
063  
Belsonic  
Berthen  
136  
156  
A-Trend  
Acoustic Solutions  
AEG  
Binatone  
Biostek  
181  
066, 062, 114, 193, 208  
073, 077, 058, 075, 113, 181  
105, 181  
148  
Black Diamond  
Blu:sens  
062  
AFK  
113, 117  
Airis  
057, 081, 109, 117, 216  
036, 115  
Blue Nova International  
Blue Sky  
BlueTinum  
Boghe  
117  
Aiwa  
059, 077, 057, 062, 086  
Akai  
077, 075, 093, 100, 113, 162, 212  
149  
136  
Akira  
094  
Akura  
093, 103, 113, 136  
Boman  
093  
Alba  
038, 059, 066, 057, 062, 064, 103,  
140, 162, 185, 216  
Bose  
189  
Brainwave  
Brandt  
073, 100  
033, 039  
059  
Alize  
104  
Altacom  
Amitech  
Amstrad  
Amuseer  
AMW  
109  
Broksonic  
Bush  
073, 013, 087  
066, 082, 057, 062, 064, 065, 103,  
120, 127, 129, 140, 162, 172, 216,  
217  
073, 077, 062, 104, 136  
120  
Cambridge Audio  
Cat  
070  
091  
076, 181  
Ansonic  
Apex Digital  
Arena  
082, 071, 120, 136  
CCE  
066  
057, 094, 116, 134  
cello  
164, 198, 205  
100  
Centrum  
CGV  
058, 062, 076, 110, 181, 185  
Aristona  
ASCOMTEC  
Asono  
038, 052, 214  
181  
070, 100  
135, 136  
085  
Chili  
109  
Cinea  
Atacom  
Audiola  
Audiosonic  
Audix  
109  
Cinetec  
CJ Digital  
Classic  
062, 091  
156, 204  
066, 164  
057, 058, 075, 113, 181  
062  
149, 224  
181, 216  
062  
Clatronic  
Clayton  
CMX  
Autovox  
Auvio  
062  
086  
156  
Axion  
066  
Coby  
066, 120  
113  
Basic Line  
Baze  
062, 185  
093  
Codex  
Commax  
Compacks  
Contel  
117, 135  
081, 211  
075  
BBK  
109  
Bellagio  
Bellwood  
094  
081  
Continental Edison  
082, 091  
86  
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Appendix  
English  
Crown  
073, 062, 100  
082  
ECC  
066  
Cybercom  
CyberHome  
Cytron  
Eclipse  
Elfunk  
Elin  
065, 070  
062, 087  
073  
063  
061, 119  
100  
D-Vision  
Daenyx  
Ellion  
Elta  
013, 087  
091  
073, 057, 075, 087, 100, 104, 113,  
161, 204  
Daewoo  
073, 018, 061, 063, 083, 091, 129,  
130, 159  
Eltax  
113, 117, 149  
Dalton  
Dansai  
Dantax  
Daytek  
Dayton  
DCE  
097  
Emerson  
Enterprise  
EuroLine  
F&U  
043, 061  
073, 100, 162  
038, 077, 062, 065, 122  
091  
043  
058, 075, 100, 113, 120, 131, 156  
203  
091,106  
Ferguson  
Finlux  
059, 062, 093, 162, 164  
082  
067, 043, 073, 057, 070  
Decca  
073, 100  
Fintec  
140  
Denon  
Denver  
032, 049, 151  
Firstline  
Fisher  
062, 086, 090, 140  
057, 075, 093, 117, 128, 136, 148,  
181, 216  
056  
Funai  
059, 058  
106  
Denzel  
Desay  
055  
Gateway  
GE  
086  
064  
Dgtec  
057  
Global Link  
Global Solutions  
Global Sphere  
Go Video  
Gold  
109  
Difrnce  
Digihome  
DigiLogic  
Digitech  
Digitek  
Digitrex  
Digix Media  
DiK  
211  
072  
062  
105  
062, 159  
090  
172  
198  
013  
GoldStar  
Goodmans  
067, 043  
217  
066, 077, 062, 065, 094, 103, 105,  
116, 140, 164, 181, 217  
081  
082  
GoWell  
GPX  
156  
Dinamic  
Disney  
075  
067  
082  
Graetz  
055  
DiViDo  
DK Digital  
Dragon  
DreamX  
DSE  
061  
Gran Prix  
Grandin  
Greenhill  
Grundig  
082, 093  
082, 116  
062, 113, 116, 204  
064  
082  
104  
038, 039, 059, 077, 056, 061,  
062,094, 097, 129, 156, 162, 164,  
172  
164  
Dual  
066, 082, 077, 055, 062, 129, 140  
082, 058, 062, 128, 140, 159  
026, 113, 117, 156, 161  
105  
Grunkel  
GVG  
073, 082, 077, 136  
073  
Durabrand  
E:max  
H & B  
013, 062, 085, 087, 113, 204  
eBench  
87  
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Appendix  
Hanseatic  
Harman/Kardon  
Harwa  
067, 077  
KXD  
088, 117, 135, 181  
060, 111, 135  
Lawson  
Leiker  
Lenco  
Lexia  
LG  
072  
211  
091  
HCM  
075  
073, 062, 124  
HDT  
061  
072  
HE  
066, 181  
067, 043, 077, 090, 143, 179, 186  
Henss  
062  
Lifetec  
Limit  
082, 119  
Hikona  
HiMAX  
124  
072  
086  
LiteOn  
LM  
106, 126, 157, 165  
Hitachi  
Hiteker  
Hoeher  
Home Electronics  
Home Tech Industries  
HotMedia  
Humax  
HYD  
042, 054, 062, 185  
156  
057, 181  
Lodos  
Loewe  
Logic  
Logik  
Logix  
Lumatron  
062  
082 ,062, 081, 094, 109, 140  
038, 067  
222  
073, 066  
109, 156, 181  
062  
105  
061  
052, 225  
067, 059, 061, 062, 100, 117, 172,  
215  
113  
Lunatron  
Luxman  
Luxor  
067  
Hyundai  
Ingelen  
Inno Hit  
International  
Irradio  
087  
042  
075  
062, 064, 094, 162, 164  
062  
Magnat  
Magnavox  
Magnex  
Magnum  
Majestic  
Manhattan  
Manta  
181  
159  
038, 033, 052, 058, 062, 103  
090, 100, 109, 113  
065  
ISP  
059  
129  
its  
064  
149, 224  
Jamo  
097  
061, 062  
Jaton  
055  
136  
JDB  
066  
Marantz  
Mark  
038  
JGC  
140  
062  
JMB  
059  
Marquant  
Matsui  
073, 217  
JVC  
045, 038, 033, 107, 147, 176  
059, 057, 062, 094, 162, 164  
Kansas Technologies  
Kazuki  
113, 140  
136  
Maxim  
062, 091, 114  
MBO  
066, 164  
Kendo  
082, 057, 062  
073, 062, 093  
032, 037  
156  
MDS  
062  
Kennex  
Kenwood  
KeyPlug  
Kiiro  
Mecotek  
Mediencom  
Medion  
MEI  
073  
070  
067, 082, 119, 157  
073  
077  
082  
King Vision  
Kiss  
136, 156  
055, 085  
Memorex  
88  
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Appendix  
English  
Metz  
041, 035, 062, 185  
065, 070, 116  
059, 162  
038, 033  
038  
Oopla  
106  
MiCO  
Opera  
215  
Micromaxx  
Micromedia  
Micromega  
Microsoft  
Microstar  
Minax  
Optim  
086  
Optimus  
Orbit  
035  
091, 156  
163, 194  
082  
Orion  
059, 062, 113, 127, 162  
062  
Ormond  
Pacific  
062  
082, 072, 077, 062, 071  
082, 117, 158  
059, 062, 179  
Minoka  
Mitsubishi  
MixSonic  
Mizuda  
Monyka  
MPX  
073, 100  
062  
Packard Bell  
Palladium  
Panasonic  
Panda  
101  
032, 146, 155, 173, 178, 180  
076, 135  
073  
055  
peeKTon  
Philips  
093, 109  
086  
038, 033, 052, 058, 106, 118, 121,  
137, 167, 170, 191, 192, 195, 196,  
210, 209  
MTlogic  
Mustek  
Muvid  
216  
066, 148, 164  
136, 156, 204  
070, 116  
116  
Pioneer  
041, 035, 016, 048, 133, 141, 145,  
175, 183, 220  
PJ  
181  
Mx Onda  
Myryad  
Mystral  
NAD  
Play It  
156  
Plu2  
087  
082  
Polaroid  
Powerpoint  
Prinz  
134  
067  
091  
Naiko  
073, 094  
136, 156  
013  
082  
Neom  
Prism  
082, 061  
Neon  
ProCaster  
Proline  
Proson  
Prosonic  
ProVision  
Pye  
094, 200  
Neufunk  
Nevir  
055  
057, 094, 122, 165, 193  
073, 082, 057  
077  
062  
Nexius  
130, 208  
Next Base  
NFREN  
160  
066, 117, 136, 181  
081  
038, 052  
Nikkai  
181  
QONIX  
Quartek  
Radionette  
Radiotone  
Raite  
077  
Nikkei  
116  
158  
Norcent  
Nordmende  
Nortek  
Oasis-Media  
Olidata  
Onkyo  
181  
067, 090, 179  
082  
062  
204  
055  
148  
RCA  
168  
057  
REC  
032  
033, 046, 169  
223  
Redstar  
Relisys  
073, 071, 075, 093, 125, 181  
119  
Onn  
Onyx  
198  
89  
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Appendix  
Reoc  
072, 092  
SKY  
013  
Revoy  
085  
Skymaster  
Skyworth  
Sliding  
SM Electronic  
Smart  
066, 072  
093  
Richmond  
Roadstar  
Ronin  
113  
066, 057, 062, 093, 110, 172  
100  
091  
066, 072, 105  
061, 062  
136, 203, 216  
131  
Rotel  
045  
Rowa  
064  
Sogo  
Rownsonic  
Saba  
076  
Sontech  
Sony  
039, 204  
082, 071  
067  
036, 089, 096, 098, 139, 142, 150,  
171, 177, 184, 188, 190, 201, 202  
Saivod  
Salora  
Sound Color  
Soundmaster  
Soundwave  
Standard  
Star Clusters  
Starmedia  
Stein  
113  
072  
Sampo  
Samsung  
117  
062, 140  
082, 072, 075, 093  
105, 110  
109  
032, 042, 017, 022, 069, 099, 152,  
166, 182, 197, 199, 219, 080  
Sansui  
059, 013, 070  
056, 062  
Sanyo  
Scan  
061, 087  
148  
ScanMagic  
ScanSonic  
Schaub Lorenz  
Schneider  
066, 164  
Strato  
105, 123  
062  
162  
Strong  
073, 075, 100, 104, 156  
Sunkai  
073, 087  
001  
038, 082, 052, 077, 061, 062, 075,  
090, 110, 122, 214  
Sunstar  
Sunstech  
Suntronic  
Sunwood  
Supervision  
Supratech  
SVA  
082, 148, 149  
001  
Schoentech  
Scientific Labs  
Scott  
062  
072  
075, 093  
072, 105  
203, 213  
057  
057, 097, 113, 125, 181  
Seeltech  
SEG  
109, 156  
055, 062, 091, 140, 185, 215  
Shanghai  
Sharp  
057  
Swisstec  
Sylvania  
Symphonic  
Synn  
206, 218  
058, 207  
058  
058, 062, 090, 127  
067, 064  
064  
Sherwood  
Shinco  
072  
Siemssen  
Sigmatek  
Siltex  
123  
Syscom  
081  
109, 200  
109  
Sytech  
148, 200  
125  
Tamashi  
Tandberg  
Tangent  
Targa  
Silva  
075, 093  
067, 082, 090, 093  
014, 015, 105  
116  
062, 162, 185  
117  
Silva Schneider  
SilverCrest  
Sinudyne  
Sistemas  
Skantic  
110, 157, 179  
073, 162  
067  
Tatung  
057  
Tchibo  
038, 062  
90  
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Appendix  
English  
TCM  
067, 077  
Walkvision  
Waltham  
Welkin  
064  
Teac  
067, 072, 061, 064, 071, 110  
062, 140  
082  
Tec  
093  
Technica  
Technics  
Technika  
162  
Wellington  
Weltstar  
Wharfedale  
Wilson  
062  
032, 178  
062  
073, 082, 100, 140, 162, 206, 208,  
218, 221  
077, 062, 070, 100, 124, 172  
082, 113  
Technisson  
Technosonic  
Techwood  
Telefunken  
Teletech  
100  
Windsor  
Windy Sam  
Wintel  
062  
100  
042  
062, 140, 185  
039  
101  
Woxter  
104, 109  
072, 062  
073  
Xbox  
163, 194  
Tensai  
Xenius  
077  
Tevion  
093, 097, 110, 123, 131, 164, 181,  
215  
Xomax  
198  
Xoro  
108, 226  
Textorm  
Theta Digital  
Thomson  
Time  
136  
Yakumo  
Yamada  
Yamaha  
Yamakawa  
Yukai  
094  
041  
091, 094, 104, 106, 126, 135, 136  
032 ,038, 052, 079  
055, 091, 215  
039, 116, 160, 168  
013  
Tokai  
077, 055, 075, 093, 113  
066, 164  
Tom-Tec  
Top Suxess  
Toshiba  
076, 148  
109  
Zenith  
033, 043  
TV/DVD Combo  
033, 059, 132, 138, 153, 154, 169,  
187  
Acoustic Solutions  
Airis  
193, 208  
216  
TRANS-continents  
Tredex  
Trevi  
082, 081, 091, 113, 117  
086  
Akai  
212  
082  
Alba  
216  
TSM  
109  
Audiosonic  
Bush  
216  
TVE  
062  
062, 216, 217  
198, 205  
122  
Umax  
104  
cello  
UMC  
206, 218, 221  
Dantax  
Denver  
Digitrex  
Gold  
United  
059, 066, 058, 062, 075, 081, 100,  
105, 113, 120, 131, 156, 172, 198  
128, 216  
217  
Universum  
Vecatech  
Venturer  
Vestel  
067, 043, 077, 062, 090, 110, 140  
198  
136  
Hikona  
Logic  
124  
077, 169, 193, 208  
062, 140, 185  
061  
222  
Marquant  
MTlogic  
Onn  
217  
Vieta  
216  
Voxson  
Waitec  
066, 082  
223  
066, 104, 109, 113  
Onyx  
198  
91  
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Appendix  
Philips  
Proline  
Prosonic  
Sliding  
Sogo  
210  
193  
208  
100  
216  
218  
Technika  
UMC  
208, 221  
221  
Venturer  
193, 208  
TV/VCR/DVD Combo  
Ferguson  
Matsui  
059  
059  
Swisstec  
4. VCR Code List  
Brand  
Accent  
Code  
Bell & Howell  
Bestar  
011  
009  
001  
009  
021  
Adventura  
Adyson  
Aiwa  
Black Diamond  
Black Panther  
Blaupunkt  
Blue Sky  
051  
021  
003, 028, 001, 029, 002, 068, 102  
010, 019  
Akai  
028, 029, 023, 012, 020  
021, 003, 028, 051, 009, 029, 031,  
068, 102  
Akiba  
009  
Bondstec  
Brandt  
009  
Akura  
009  
024, 025  
028  
Alba  
010, 021, 028, 001, 009, 029, 023  
Brinkmann  
Bush  
Allorgan  
Allstar  
020  
010, 021, 028, 001, 051, 009, 029,  
023, 068  
010  
America Action  
Amstrad  
Anam  
021  
Calix  
003  
021, 001, 009  
Carena  
Carrefour  
Carver  
Casio  
010  
021, 003, 019, 020  
006  
Anam National  
Anitech  
Ansonic  
Aristona  
ASA  
019  
010  
009  
001  
001  
Cathay  
CCE  
021  
010  
021, 009  
044  
010, 003  
020  
Centrum  
CGE  
Asha  
001  
Asuka  
010, 003, 001, 009  
010  
Cimline  
Cineral  
Citizen  
Clatronic  
Colt  
009  
Audiolab  
Audiosonic  
Audiovox  
AVP  
021  
021  
021, 003  
001, 009  
009  
003  
001, 029  
003, 024, 005  
021, 001, 011, 012  
021, 009, 011  
020  
Awa  
Combitech  
Condor  
Craig  
029  
Baird  
021  
Basic Line  
Beaumark  
Beko  
003, 009, 020  
021, 003, 009, 031  
Crown  
011  
92  
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Appendix  
English  
Cybernex  
Cyrus  
020  
GEC  
010  
010  
General Technic  
Genexxa  
028  
Daewoo  
Dansai  
Dantax  
Daytron  
De Graaf  
Decca  
021, 050, 051, 029, 006  
011  
021, 009  
Go Video  
GoldHand  
GoldStar  
Goodmans  
030, 102  
029, 068  
009  
021  
003, 001, 031, 102  
010, 011, 007, 004  
010, 021, 050, 003, 028, 001, 051,  
009, 029, 020, 068  
010, 001, 029, 008  
GPX  
003  
Deitron  
Denko  
021  
Gradiente  
Graetz  
001  
009  
011, 020  
Denon  
004  
Granada  
010, 003, 001, 011, 007, 004, 019,  
020  
Diamant  
Dual  
003  
010, 021, 028, 001  
Grandin  
Grundig  
Hanimex  
Hanseatic  
Harley Davidson  
Harwood  
HCM  
021, 003, 001, 009, 068  
Dumont  
Durabrand  
Elbe  
010, 001, 011  
010, 028, 009, 024, 029, 019, 068  
051, 044  
029  
021  
010, 003  
Elcatech  
Electrophonic  
Elin  
009  
001  
003  
009  
020  
009  
Elsay  
009  
Hinari  
021, 009, 029, 020  
Elta  
021, 009  
Hisawa  
029  
Emerex  
Emerson  
ESC  
002  
Hischito  
Hitachi  
006  
021, 050, 003, 001, 009, 006, 005  
021, 020  
010, 001, 004, 020, 044  
Hoeher  
021, 051  
010  
Ferguson  
Fidelity  
Finlandia  
021, 028, 001, 024, 025, 068  
001, 009, 029, 030, 020  
Hornyphon  
Hughes Network  
Systems  
004  
010, 003, 001, 011, 007, 005, 004,  
012, 019  
Hypson  
Imperial  
Ingersol  
Inno Hit  
Interbuy  
Interfunk  
Internal  
International  
Intervision  
Irradio  
021, 003, 001, 009, 029, 031  
001  
Finlux  
010, 001, 011, 004  
Firstline  
021, 003, 028, 009, 006, 005, 004,  
031, 102  
020  
009  
Fisher  
Flint  
011  
003, 009  
028  
010, 011  
Frontech  
Fujitsu  
Funai  
009  
021, 050  
001  
021, 003, 051  
021, 003, 028, 001  
010, 003, 009, 102  
011, 012, 020  
021, 003  
001, 044  
001  
Galaxi  
Galaxis  
Garrard  
GE  
021  
ITT  
001  
ITV  
007, 020  
93  
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Appendix  
JBL  
021  
Medion  
Memorex  
Memphis  
Metronic  
Metz  
028, 051, 029  
JMB  
028, 029, 068  
003, 028, 001, 011, 007, 020  
Joyce  
001  
009  
JVC  
008  
010  
Kaisui  
009  
010, 144, 003, 019, 084  
Karcher  
KEC  
010, 021, 051  
MGA  
005, 020  
021, 003  
MGN Technology  
Micormay  
Migros  
020  
Kendo  
Kenwood  
KLH  
021, 003, 028, 051, 009, 023, 012  
028  
008  
001  
009  
Minolta  
Mitsubishi  
Motorola  
MTC  
004  
Kneissel  
Kodak  
Korpel  
Kyoto  
021, 003, 028, 029  
010, 051, 008, 007, 005, 031  
003  
007  
009  
001, 020  
003  
009  
Multitec  
Multitech  
Murphy  
Myryad  
NAD  
Lenco  
021  
001, 009  
001  
Leyco  
009  
LG  
021, 003, 001, 031, 102  
010  
Lifetec  
Lloyd’s  
Loewe  
Logik  
028  
011  
001  
Naiko  
028, 051  
019  
010, 144, 003  
National  
NEC  
009, 012, 020  
003, 011, 008  
010  
Lumatron  
Lunatron  
Lux May  
Luxor  
044, 102  
Neckermann  
Nesco  
102  
001, 009  
102  
009  
Neufunk  
Nikkai  
009, 011, 007, 005, 023, 012  
021, 009  
003  
LXI  
003  
Nikko  
M Electronic  
Magnasonic  
Magnavox  
Magnin  
Magnum  
Manesth  
Marantz  
Mark  
003, 001  
Noblex  
020  
021, 044  
Nokia  
010, 021, 011, 007, 004, 023, 012,  
020  
010, 001  
Nordmende  
Oceanic  
Okano  
051, 024, 008, 025  
010, 001, 024, 011 ,007, 012  
021, 028, 009, 023  
019  
020  
051  
010, 009, 006  
Olympus  
Onimax  
Optimus  
Orbit  
010  
051  
021, 001  
007, 030, 044  
009  
Mascom  
Mastec  
Masters  
Matsui  
Mediator  
051  
051  
Orion  
028, 029, 068  
001  
021  
Orson  
003, 028, 029, 020, 068  
010  
Osaki  
003, 001, 009  
94  
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Appendix  
English  
Osume  
Otto Versand  
Pace  
009  
Royal  
009  
010  
Saba  
021, 024, 025  
028  
029  
Saisho  
Pacific  
028, 001, 051, 068  
Salora  
011, 005, 012  
006, 030, 020, 068  
007  
Palladium  
Palsonic  
Panasonic  
Pathe Cinema  
Penney  
Pentax  
003, 028, 009  
Samsung  
Sanky  
001, 009  
144, 019, 084  
Sansei  
007  
005  
Sansui  
001, 009, 008, 012  
011, 008, 007, 020  
021, 029, 020  
010  
003, 004, 020  
Sanyo  
004  
Saville  
Perdio  
001  
SBR  
Philco  
009  
ScanSonic  
Schaub Lorenz  
Schneider  
020  
Philips  
010, 044  
028, 001, 011, 023, 012  
Phoenix  
Phonola  
Pilot  
021  
010, 021, 003, 028, 001, 051, 009,  
029, 004, 020, 102  
010  
Scott  
005, 044  
003  
Sears  
003, 001, 011, 004  
Pioneer  
Portland  
Prinz  
010, 008, 004  
Seaway  
SEG  
021  
021, 050  
010, 021, 050, 051, 009, 020, 044  
001  
SEI  
010  
Profitronic  
Proline  
Prosco  
010, 020  
Sei-Sinudyne  
Seleco  
010  
021, 001, 051, 024, 025  
003  
021  
Semp  
006  
Prosonic  
Protech  
ProVision  
Pye  
021  
Sentra  
009  
010, 009  
Setron  
009  
021  
Sharp  
007, 040, 102  
010  
Shintom  
Shivaki  
Shogun  
Siemens  
Siera  
009, 011  
Quasar  
Quelle  
021  
003  
010  
020  
Radialva  
Radiola  
Radionette  
RadioShack  
Radix  
010, 003, 009, 007  
010, 003, 024, 011  
010  
010  
003, 102  
Silva  
003  
003, 001  
Silva Schneider  
Silver  
102  
003  
021  
Randex  
RCA  
003  
SilverCrest  
Singer  
051  
024, 007, 004, 020  
003, 001, 011, 007  
028  
009, 006  
010, 029  
028  
Realistic  
Reoc  
Sinudyne  
Smaragd  
Sonneclair  
RFT  
009  
009  
Roadstar  
010, 021, 003, 009, 020, 068  
95  
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Appendix  
Sonolor  
Sontec  
007  
Topline  
Toshiba  
Totevision  
Towada  
Tradex  
028  
021, 003  
010, 029, 006, 005, 030, 068  
Sony  
001, 002, 012, 095, 112  
003, 020  
009  
Soundwave  
Ssangyong  
Standard  
Stern  
003, 028  
009  
010  
021  
Uher  
020  
021  
Ultravox  
Unitech  
United  
021  
Sunkai  
021, 028  
020  
Sunstar  
Suntronic  
Sunwood  
Supra  
011  
028, 068  
011  
Universum  
010, 003, 028, 001, 011, 012, 020,  
102  
009  
Vector  
006  
003  
Victor  
008  
Sylvania  
Symphonic  
Tandberg  
Tandy  
010, 001, 005  
Video Concepts  
Video Technic  
Videomagic  
Videosonic  
Villain  
006  
001, 044  
001  
021  
001, 011  
003  
Tashiko  
Tatung  
Tchibo  
010, 003, 001, 007, 020  
020  
010, 028, 001, 029, 007, 005  
001  
028  
Wards  
010, 001, 009, 006, 007, 004, 020  
TCM  
028  
Watson  
010, 051, 029  
003  
Teac  
003, 001, 051  
009  
Weltblick  
Wharfedale  
White Westinghouse  
World  
Tec  
044  
Tech Line  
Technics  
TechniSat  
Technosonic  
Teknika  
Telefunken  
Telerent  
Teletech  
Tenosal  
Tensai  
009  
021, 009  
028  
010, 019  
028  
XR-1000  
Yamishi  
001, 009  
021, 009  
009  
029  
003, 001  
021, 024, 025  
019  
Yokan  
Yoko  
003, 009, 020  
050, 001  
028, 029  
Zenith  
021, 001, 009  
009  
ZX  
TV/VCR Combo  
021, 003, 001, 009  
028, 051  
021  
Aiwa  
001, 029, 068, 102  
Tevion  
Alba  
029  
Texet  
Amstrad  
Beko  
001  
Thomas  
Thomson  
Thorn  
001  
011  
021, 024, 008, 025  
003, 011  
020  
Bestar  
Blue Sky  
Bush  
021  
021, 029, 068  
029, 068  
TMK  
Tokai  
003, 009, 011  
96  
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Appendix  
English  
Citizen  
Colt  
021  
Portland  
Radiola  
RCA  
050  
009  
010  
Daewoo  
Dantax  
Emerson  
Ferguson  
Fidelity  
Firstline  
Funai  
021, 050  
029, 068  
021, 050  
021, 001, 025, 068  
001  
007, 020  
024  
Saba  
Samsung  
Sansui  
030, 020, 068  
001  
Sanyo  
020  
021  
Saville  
029  
001  
Schneider  
Sears  
010, 001  
003, 001  
050  
GE  
007, 020  
003, 031  
021, 050, 029, 068  
021, 068  
010, 029, 068  
029  
GoldStar  
Goodmans  
Grandin  
Grundig  
Hanimex  
Harley Davidson  
Hinari  
SEG  
Sharp  
007  
Siemens  
Sinudyne  
Sony  
010  
029  
001, 002, 112  
010  
001  
Sylvania  
Symphonic  
Tatung  
029  
001  
Hitachi  
Hypson  
Internal  
JBL  
001  
029  
003  
Teac  
001  
021, 050  
021  
Technics  
Technosonic  
Telefunken  
Thomas  
Thomson  
Toshiba  
United  
010  
029  
JMB  
029  
021  
Kneissel  
LG  
021, 029  
003, 031  
001  
001  
021, 025  
029, 030, 068  
068  
Lloyd’s  
Magnasonic  
Magnavox  
Magnin  
Matsui  
021, 044  
010, 001  
020  
White Westinghouse  
Zenith  
021  
011  
029, 068  
029  
Medion  
Memorex  
MGA  
003  
020  
Mitsubishi  
Orion  
010, 007  
029, 068  
029  
Pace  
Pacific  
068  
Penney  
Philips  
003, 020  
010  
97  
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Appendix  
5. Audio & AUX Code List  
Brand  
Code  
Arcam  
044  
Amplifier  
ASCOMTEC  
Audiolab  
Audiosonic  
Audiotronic  
Bang & Olufsen  
Basic Line  
Belson  
071  
Acoustic Solutions  
Cambridge Audio  
Curtis Mathes  
Denon  
078, 082, 084, 094  
043  
106  
014  
071  
043  
012  
028  
Durabrand  
Goodmans  
Hitachi  
089, 090  
093  
088  
071  
089  
Binatone  
Blue Sky  
Bose  
071  
JBL  
042  
072, 087  
Logitech  
Magnat  
Magnum  
Mustek  
074  
046, 099  
042  
Bush  
027  
094  
Cambridge Audio  
Cat  
080, 101  
093  
071  
Optimus  
Pacific  
014, 029  
094  
CCE  
065  
Centrum  
Clatronic  
Cosmotron  
Daewoo  
Dantax  
045, 071  
Pioneer  
RCA  
014, 029  
014  
027, 071  
027  
Sven  
090  
076  
Tevion  
094  
018, 072  
Trice  
090  
Denon  
067, 025, 036, 075  
upXus  
078  
Denver  
071  
Vieta  
042  
DiK  
027  
Yamaha  
016, 030  
Accessory  
038  
Dual  
045, 072  
eBench  
024, 027  
Apple  
Sony  
Elta  
024, 027, 072  
008  
EuroLine  
Fine Arts  
Firstline  
Garrard  
098  
Yamaha  
121, 122  
Receiver  
087  
043  
027  
Acoustic Solutions  
AEG  
013, 018  
071, 072  
071  
Genexxa  
Global Sphere  
Goodmans  
Grundig  
Grunkel  
Hanseatic  
Harman/Kardon  
Harwood  
010  
AFK  
098  
Aiwa  
005, 073  
021, 024, 027, 071, 072  
Akai  
004, 021, 072, 087  
087, 088  
072  
043, 013, 027, 035, 087  
Alba  
024, 072  
All-Tel  
072  
Amstrad  
Anam  
024, 072  
021  
043, 056, 003, 011, 057, 060  
024  
98  
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Appendix  
English  
HCM  
072  
Onkyo  
006, 063, 114  
032, 010, 024  
024  
HE  
071  
Optimus  
Orient Power  
Orion  
Hitachi  
Hitech  
088  
024  
018  
Hiteker  
Home Tech Industries  
Hyundai  
Inkel  
071  
Palladium  
Panasonic  
027, 045, 054, 072, 086  
071  
109, 085, 058, 059, 062, 110, 111,  
113, 128  
087  
Paramount Pictures  
PCCW  
045  
020  
128  
Intersound  
JBL  
024  
Philips  
043, 049, 031, 035, 048, 053, 117  
056, 057  
Phonotrend  
Pioneer  
PJ  
020  
JVC  
001, 019, 068  
052, 032, 010, 039, 081, 097  
Kenwood  
Kioto  
033, 061, 091, 010  
071  
027  
Polk Audio  
Prima Electronic  
Proline  
053  
Kompernass  
KXD  
027  
027  
071  
027, 072  
LG  
054, 086, 125  
ProVision  
QONIX  
071  
Lifetec  
027  
072, 087  
LXI  
024  
Radionette  
Recco  
054, 100  
Magnat  
Magnavox  
Marantz  
Matsui  
071  
027  
043, 035  
Redstar  
071  
043, 049, 031, 035, 053  
Revox  
007, 010, 035  
024, 027  
065  
Roadstar  
Rotel  
027  
MBO  
026  
Medion  
MEI  
027, 087  
072  
Samsung  
Sansui  
013, 055, 119, 123, 083  
021, 035, 098  
024  
Metz  
088  
Sanyo  
Micromega  
Microstar  
MTlogic  
Musicmagic  
Mustek  
Mx Onda  
Myryad  
NAD  
043  
Schneider  
Scott  
003, 024, 045, 072  
071  
027  
087  
SEG  
088  
035  
Sharp  
010, 022, 070, 100  
020, 022  
021  
065  
Sherwood  
Siemens  
Silva Schneider  
SilverCrest  
Sony  
024, 027  
043  
027, 072, 086  
087  
015, 021  
072  
Nexius  
040, 034, 047, 103, 107, 037, 066,  
077, 079, 096, 108, 116, 118, 124  
Nikkai  
071  
Nikkei  
024  
Soundwave  
Stereophonics  
Sumida  
021  
032  
024  
Norcent  
NTDE Geniesom  
071  
024  
99  
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Appendix  
Sunfire  
T+A  
061  
United  
072, 098  
050, 105  
Universum  
013, 021, 024, 027, 045, 072, 076,  
095  
TAG McLaren  
Tandberg  
Targa  
043  
Venturer  
Vestel  
027 ,072  
088  
088  
054  
Victor  
001  
TCM  
027  
Waitec  
065  
Teac  
018, 021  
Watson  
Wellfund  
Welltech  
Wharfedale  
Xenius  
027  
Technics  
Techwood  
Tedelex  
Tevion  
Thorens  
Thorn  
109, 085, 058, 059, 011, 110  
024  
088  
098  
071  
043  
024  
072  
092  
027  
072  
072  
Yamaha  
009, 002, 010, 017, 023, 041, 051,  
064, 069, 112, 115, 120  
Tokai  
Yukai  
065  
024  
Toshiba  
Zenith  
MDB1.3  
100  
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Appendix  
English  
OPEN SOURCE SOFTWARE NOTICE  
HUMAX products use certain open source operating system software distributed pursuant to GNU  
GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE Version 2 and GNU LESSER GENERAL LICENSE Version 2.1 each as defined and  
published by the Free Software Foundation, Inc.  
The following GPL and LGPL software source codes used in this product can be provided and this offer  
is valid for up to three years from the date of original download of the software or purchase of product  
containing such software. Please contact us at [email protected].  
GPL Software  
linux  
busybox  
avinfo  
e2fsprogs  
This package, the ext2 filesystem utilities, are made available under the GNU Public License version  
2, with the exception of the lib/ext2fs and lib/e2p libraries, which are made available under the GNU  
Library General Public License Version 2, the lib/uuid library which is made available under a BSD-style  
license and the lib/et and lib/ss libraries which are made available under an MIT-style license.  
LGPL Software  
uClibc  
libexif  
id3lib  
FreeType License (FTL) Software  
freetype  
Portions of this software are copyright © <2007> The FreeType Project (www.freetype.org).  
All rights reserved.  
101  
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Appendix  
Use, modification and redistribution of the Open Source Software is governed by the terms and conditions of the applicable Open  
Source License. The GNU General Public License (GPL) v2 is shown below.  
The GNU General Public License (GPL)  
Version 2, June 1991  
Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.  
51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA  
Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies  
of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.  
Preamble  
The licenses for most software are designed to take away your freedom to share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public  
License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free software--to make sure the software is free for all its users. This  
General Public License applies to most of the Free Software Foundation’s software and to any other program whose authors commit to  
using it. (Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by the GNU Lesser General Public License instead.) You can apply it  
to your programs, too.  
When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you  
have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for this service if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it  
if you want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it in new free programs; and that you know you can do these things.  
To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights.  
These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if you distribute copies of the software, or if you modify it.  
For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether gratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that you  
have. You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the source code. And you must show them these terms so they know their  
rights.  
We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software, and (2) offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy,  
distribute and/or modify the software.  
Also, for each author’s protection and ours, we want to make certain that everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free  
software. If the software is modified by someone else and passed on, we want its recipients to know that what they have is not the  
original, so that any problems introduced by others will not reflect on the original authorsreputations.  
Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software patents. We wish to avoid the danger that redistributors of a free program  
will individually obtain patent licenses, in effect making the program proprietary. To prevent this, we have made it clear that any patent  
must be licensed for everyone’s free use or not licensed at all.  
The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and modification follow.  
TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION  
0. This License applies to any program or other work which contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be  
distributed under the terms of this General Public License. The “Program, below, refers to any such program or work, and a “work  
based on the Programmeans either the Program or any derivative work under copyright law: that is to say, a work containing the  
Program or a portion of it, either verbatim or with modifications and/or translated into another language. (Hereinafter, translation is  
included without limitation in the term “modification.) Each licensee is addressed as “you.  
Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not covered by this License; they are outside its scope. The act of  
running the Program is not restricted, and the output from the Program is covered only if its contents constitute a work based on  
the Program (independent of having been made by running the Program). Whether that is true depends on what the Program does.  
1. You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program’s source code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you  
conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact all  
the notices that refer to this License and to the absence of any warranty; and give any other recipients of the Program a copy of this  
License along with the Program.  
You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange  
for a fee.  
2. You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion of it, thus forming a work based on the Program, and copy and  
distribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1 above, provided that you also meet all of these conditions:  
a) You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices stating that you changed the files and the date of any change.  
b) You must cause any work that you distribute or publish, that in whole or in part contains or is derived from the Program or any part thereof, to be  
licensed as a whole at no charge to all third parties under the terms of this License.  
c) If the modified program normally reads commands interactively when run, you must cause it, when started running for such interactive use in the  
most ordinary way, to print or display an announcement including an appropriate copyright notice and a notice that there is no warranty (or else,  
saying that you provide a warranty) and that users may redistribute the program under these conditions, and telling the user how to view a copy of  
this License. (Exception: if the Program itself is interactive but does not normally print such an announcement, your work based on the Program is not  
required to print an announcement.)  
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These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole. If identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Program,  
and can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in themselves, then this License, and its terms, do not apply to  
those sections when you distribute them as separate works. But when you distribute the same sections as part of a whole which  
is a work based on the Program, the distribution of the whole must be on the terms of this License, whose permissions for other  
licensees extend to the entire whole, and thus to each and every part regardless of who wrote it.  
Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest your rights to work written entirely by you; rather, the intent is to  
exercise the right to control the distribution of derivative or collective works based on the Program.  
In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the Program with the Program (or with a work based on the Program)  
on a volume of a storage or distribution medium does not bring the other work under the scope of this License.  
3. You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based on it, under Section 2) in object code or executable form under the  
terms of Sections 1 and 2 above provided that you also do one of the following:  
a) Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine-readable source code, which must be distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2  
above on a medium customarily used for software interchange; or,  
b) Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at least three years, to give any third party, for a charge no more than your cost of physically performing  
source distribution, a complete machine-readable copy of the corresponding source code, to be distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2  
above on a medium customarily used for software interchange; or,  
c) Accompany it with the information you received as to the offer to distribute corresponding source code. (This alternative is allowed only for  
noncommercial distribution and only if you received the program in object code or executable form with such an offer, in accord with Subsection b  
above.)  
The source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for making modifications to it. For an executable work, complete  
source code means all the source code for all modules it contains, plus any associated interface definition files, plus the scripts used  
to control compilation and installation of the executable. However, as a special exception, the source code distributed need not  
include anything that is normally distributed (in either source or binary form) with the major components (compiler, kernel, and so  
on) of the operating system on which the executable runs, unless that component itself accompanies the executable.  
If distribution of executable or object code is made by offering access to copy from a designated place, then offering equivalent  
access to copy the source code from the same place counts as distribution of the source code, even though third parties are not  
compelled to copy the source along with the object code.  
4. You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Program except as expressly provided under this License. Any attempt  
otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Program is void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this  
License. However, parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under this License will not have their licenses terminated so  
long as such parties remain in full compliance.  
5. You are not required to accept this License, since you have not signed it. However, nothing else grants you permission to modify or  
distribute the Program or its derivative works. These actions are prohibited by law if you do not accept this License. Therefore, by  
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and all its terms and conditions for copying, distributing or modifying the Program or works based on it.  
6. Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based on the Program), the recipient automatically receives a license from the  
original licensor to copy, distribute or modify the Program subject to these terms and conditions. You may not impose any further  
restrictions on the recipientsexercise of the rights granted herein. You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties  
to this License.  
7. If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent infringement or for any other reason (not limited to patent issues),  
conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they  
do not excuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under  
this License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you may not distribute the Program at all. For example, if  
a patent license would not permit royalty-free redistribution of the Program by all those who receive copies directly or indirectly  
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Program.  
If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under any particular circumstance, the balance of the section is  
intended to apply and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other circumstances.  
It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any patents or other property right claims or to contest validity of  
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to distribute software through any other system and a licensee cannot impose that choice.  
This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to be a consequence of the rest of this License.  
8. If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the  
original copyright holder who places the Program under this License may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation  
excluding those countries, so that distribution is permitted only in or among countries not thus excluded. In such case, this License  
incorporates the limitation as if written in the body of this License.  
9. The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions of the General Public License from time to time. Such new  
versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to address new problems or concerns.  
Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program specifies a version number of this License which applies to  
it and “any later version, you have the option of following the terms and conditions either of that version or of any later version  
published by the Free Software Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of this License, you may choose any  
version ever published by the Free Software Foundation.  
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Appendix  
10. If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free programs whose distribution conditions are different, write to  
the author to ask for permission. For software which is copyrighted by the Free Software Foundation, write to the Free Software  
Foundation; we sometimes make exceptions for this. Our decision will be guided by the two goals of preserving the free status of all  
derivatives of our free software and of promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally.  
NO WARRANTY  
11. BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED  
BY APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE  
THE PROGRAM “AS ISWITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE  
IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY  
AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL  
NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION.  
12. IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER  
PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES,  
INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE  
THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED  
BY YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR  
OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.  
END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS  
How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs  
If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it  
free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.  
To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively convey  
the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least the “copyrightline and a pointer to where the full notice is found.  
One line to give the program’s name and a brief idea of what it does.  
Copyright (C) yyyy name of author  
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as  
published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.  
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of  
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.  
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software  
Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA.  
Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.  
If the program is interactive, make it output a short notice like this when it starts in an interactive mode:  
Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) year name of author Gnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type  
`show w. This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it under certain conditions; type `show cfor details.  
The hypothetical commands `show wand `show cshould show the appropriate parts of the General Public License. Of course, the  
commands you use may be called something other than `show wand `show c’; they could even be mouse-clicks or menu items-  
whatever suits your program.  
You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your school, if any, to sign a “copyright disclaimerfor the  
program, if necessary. Here is a sample; alter the names:  
Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the program `Gnomovision(which makes passes at compilers) written by  
James Hacker.  
signature of Ty Coon, 1 April 1989  
Ty Coon, President of Vice  
This General Public License does not permit incorporating your program into proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine  
library, you may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with the library. If this is what you want to do, use the  
GNU Library General Public License instead of this License.  
GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL)  
Version 2.1, February 1999  
Copyright (C) 1991, 1999 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA Everyone is permitted  
to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.  
[This is the first released version of the Lesser GPL. It also counts as the successor of the GNU Library Public License, version 2, hence the  
version number 2.1.]  
Preamble  
The licenses for most software are designed to take away your freedom to share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public  
Licenses are intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free software--to make sure the software is free for all its users.  
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This license, the Lesser General Public License, applies to some specially designated software packages--typically libraries--of the Free  
Software Foundation and other authors who decide to use it. You can use it too, but we suggest you first think carefully about whether  
this license or the ordinary General Public License is the better strategy to use in any particular case, based on the explanations below.  
When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom of use, not price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure  
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can do these things.  
To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid distributors to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender these  
rights. These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if you distribute copies of the library or if you modify it.  
For example, if you distribute copies of the library, whether gratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that we gave you.  
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object files to the recipients, so that they can relink them with the library after making changes to the library and recompiling it. And you  
must show them these terms so they know their rights.  
We protect your rights with a two-step method: (1) we copyright the library, and (2) we offer you this license, which gives you legal  
permission to copy, distribute and/or modify the library.  
To protect each distributor, we want to make it very clear that there is no warranty for the free library. Also, if the library is modified by  
someone else and passed on, the recipients should know that what they have is not the original version, so that the original author’s  
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Finally, software patents pose a constant threat to the existence of any free program. We wish to make sure that a company cannot  
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license obtained for a version of the library must be consistent with the full freedom of use specified in this license.  
Most GNU software, including some libraries, is covered by the ordinary GNU General Public License. This license, the GNU Lesser General  
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When a program is linked with a library, whether statically or using a shared library, the combination of the two is legally speaking a  
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We call this license the “LesserGeneral Public License because it does Less to protect the user’s freedom than the ordinary General  
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For example, on rare occasions, there may be a special need to encourage the widest possible use of a certain library, so that it becomes  
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In other cases, permission to use a particular library in non-free programs enables a greater number of people to use a large body of  
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Although the Lesser General Public License is Less protective of the usersfreedom, it does ensure that the user of a program that is  
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The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and modification follow. Pay close attention to the difference between a “work  
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TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION  
0. This License Agreement applies to any software library or other program which contains a notice placed by the copyright holder or  
other authorized party saying it may be distributed under the terms of this Lesser General Public License (also called “this License”).  
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“Source codefor a work means the preferred form of the work for making modifications to it. For a library, complete source code  
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Library does and what the program that uses the Library does.  
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falls outside the scope of this License.  
However, linking a “work that uses the Librarywith the Library creates an executable that is a derivative of the Library (because  
it contains portions of the Library), rather than a “work that uses the library. The executable is therefore covered by this License.  
Section 6 states terms for distribution of such executables.  
When a “work that uses the Libraryuses material from a header file that is part of the Library, the object code for the work may be  
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6. As an exception to the Sections above, you may also combine or link a “work that uses the Librarywith the Library to produce  
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a patent license would not permit royalty-free redistribution of the Library by all those who receive copies directly or indirectly  
through you, then the only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to refrain entirely from distribution of the  
Library.  
If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under any particular circumstance, the balance of the section is  
intended to apply, and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other circumstances.  
It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any patents or other property right claims or to contest validity of  
any such claims; this section has the sole purpose of protecting the integrity of the free software distribution system which is  
implemented by public license practices. Many people have made generous contributions to the wide range of software distributed  
through that system in reliance on consistent application of that system; it is up to the author/donor to decide if he or she is willing  
to distribute software through any other system and a licensee cannot impose that choice.  
This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to be a consequence of the rest of this License.  
12. If the distribution and/or use of the Library is restricted in certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the  
original copyright holder who places the Library under this License may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation  
excluding those countries, so that distribution is permitted only in or among countries not thus excluded. In such case, this License  
incorporates the limitation as if written in the body of this License.  
107  
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Appendix  
13. The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions of the Lesser General Public License from time to time. Such  
new versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to address new problems or concerns.  
Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Library specifies a version number of this License which applies to  
it and “any later version, you have the option of following the terms and conditions either of that version or of any later version  
published by the Free Software Foundation. If the Library does not specify a license version number, you may choose any version  
ever published by the Free Software Foundation.  
14. If you wish to incorporate parts of the Library into other free programs whose distribution conditions are incompatible with these,  
write to the author to ask for permission. For software which is copyrighted by the Free Software Foundation, write to the Free  
Software Foundation; we sometimes make exceptions for this. Our decision will be guided by the two goals of preserving the free  
status of all derivatives of our free software and of promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally.  
NO WARRANTY  
15. BECAUSE THE LIBRARY IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE LIBRARY, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY  
APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE  
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OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR REDISTRIBUTE THE LIBRARY AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES,  
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END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS  
How to Apply These Terms to Your New Libraries  
If you develop a new library, and you want it to be of the greatest possible use to the public, we recommend making it free software that  
everyone can redistribute and change. You can do so by permitting redistribution under these terms (or, alternatively, under the terms of  
the ordinary General Public License).  
To apply these terms, attach the following notices to the library. It is safest to attach them to the start of each source file to most  
effectively convey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least the “copyrightline and a pointer to where the full notice  
is found.  
one line to give the library’s name and an idea of what it does.> Copyright (C) year name of author  
This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as  
published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.  
This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of  
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.  
You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software  
Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA  
Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.  
You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your school, if any, to sign a “copyright disclaimerfor the library, if  
necessary. Here is a sample; alter the names:  
Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the library `Frob(a library for tweaking knobs) written by James Random Hacker.  
signature of Ty Coon, 1 April 1990  
Ty Coon, President of Vice  
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