Echo Chainsaw X7523200301 User Manual

CHAIN SAW SAFETY MANUAL  
DANGER!  
Misuse may result in serious or fatal injuries. You must read, understand,  
and follow these safety instructions and the instructions in you Chain  
Saw Instruction Manual before operating a Chain Saw.  
DANGER!  
Chainsaw kickback can cause serious or fatal injuries. Read and follow the  
instructions to avoid kickback. ECHO supplies an anti-kick back guard called a Kick  
Guard ® with every new chain saw. Read the Kick Guard® instructions to determine  
which cutting applications and conditions require the installation of the kick guard.  
Always use the Kick Guard® where possible.  
To locate your nearest ECHO dealer visit our website, http://www.echo-usa.com, or call 1-800-  
432-ECHO (3246). Ask how to obtain a FREE Safety Video. Echo’s Supplemental Safety Video  
provides helpful safety and cutting information.  
X752000031  
10/07  
X7523200301  
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IMPORTANT SAFETY WARNINGS  
DANGER!  
Kickback hazard. Do not allow guide bar tip to contact objects. Allowing an unguarded  
guide bar tip to touch any object during cutting may cause the guide bar to suddenly kick  
up and back toward the operator, a forceful reaction called rotational kickback. Body  
contact with a moving saw chain will cause serious or fatal injury.  
DANGER!  
Prevent hazardous Rotational Kickback! Install the Echo Kick Guard® anti-kickback bar tip  
guard in cutting applications where bar tip contact with solid objects or surfaces cannot  
be avoided.  
Rotational Kickback  
DANGER!  
Follow Kick-back prevention instructions to reduce risk of kick-back injury when cutting  
without kick guard. Replace Kick Guard immediately when cutting application requiring  
Kick Guard removal has been completed.  
WARNING!  
Use firm, two-handed control  
WARNING!  
Never operate a chain saw using  
grip with thumb encircling  
handle.  
a one-handed grip. Always use a  
secure, two-handed grip!  
WARNING!  
WARNING!  
Always control saw firmly with 2  
Always use reduced kickback saw chain! Ask your  
hands to prevent loss of control  
and kick back if saw begins  
skating.  
dealer to equip your saw only with certified low- or  
reduced kickback saw chain.  
WARNING!  
WARNING!  
Always use proper positioning!  
Carrying or transporting a chain saw with a moving  
chain is hazardous. Turn saw off, or allow the chain  
to stop, and engage the chain brake when carrying  
the saw.  
Keep your body out of cutting  
plane at all times!  
WARNING!  
Do not over-reach or cut above  
WARNING!  
Do not operate chain saw while on a  
shoulder height! Gravity may  
cause the saw to drop toward  
your legs and feet when the cut  
is complete. To avoid injury,  
maintain control of the saw after  
finishing a cut.  
ladder, unless you are a trained  
professional.  
3
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IMPORTANT SAFETY WARNINGS  
WARNING! Keep hands and arms away  
from moving chain. Do not reach near a  
moving chain to grab or remove the material  
that you are cutting.  
WARNING! Keep helpers  
and bystanders away from the  
area where you are cutting.  
Never let a helper hold material  
you are planning to cut. Serious  
injury can occur.  
WARNING! Do Not cut overhead. The cut  
material or chain saw can fall on you, causing  
serious injury.  
WARNING! Use proper  
ground starting procedure. Do  
not “drop start!”  
WARNING! Do Not use a chain saw with a  
loose chain. A loose chain can be thrown off  
the guide bar, and cause serious injury.  
WARNING! Cutting a tree or  
WARNING! Do Not use a chain saw that  
has been modified or is in disrepair.  
branch under tension may cause  
it to spring back suddenly and  
strike you or the saw, causing  
serious or fatal injuries.  
DANGER! Do not use  
bowsaws! Use of bowsaws can  
cause extreme kickback and  
serious or fatal injuries.  
WARNING! Cutting the  
trunk of an uprooted tree can  
cause the root ball to fall back  
into place, causing serious or  
fatal injuries.  
WARNING! Do not allow anyone to use  
your chain saw without first reading the  
Instruction and Safety manuals.  
WARNING! Use extreme caution when handling  
fuel and refueling your chain saw. Gasoline is  
extremely flammable and can cause serious burns.  
Keep away from open flames or sparks. Check fuel  
cap for damage or leaking. Repair or replace leaky  
cap before using saw!  
WARNING! Never operate a chain saw that  
is damaged, improperly adjusted, incorrectly  
assembled, or missing parts.  
WARNING! Do not operate  
a chain saw while up in a tree.  
WARNING! Never cut near  
power lines!  
WARNING! Use a firm, two
WARNING! Do not use an  
open grip!  
handed control grip with thumb  
encircling handle.  
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KEY CHAIN SAW TERMS See Glossary at back for additional terms.  
KICK GUARD® DEVICE - The ECHO brand name for its  
anti-kickback bar tip guard.  
BALLISTIC - A special material used in protection devices  
designed to reduce the risk of penetration from chain contact.  
BINDING - Closing of the cut or shifting of the wood, possibly  
trapping the saw blade in the cut. Binding includes pinching.  
(Also, see PINCH.)  
PINCH - Specifically the closing-in of the wood which  
pinches and stops the chain along the top rails of the guide bar  
during a cut. This can result in the chain saw being propelled  
straight back toward the operator (called a Linear Kickback).  
Pinch can also occur on the lower rails of the bar, resulting in  
the chain saw being pulled away from the operator.  
CHAIN CATCHER - A projection designed to reduce the risk of  
the operator’s right hand from being hit by a chain, which has  
broken or derailed from the guide bar during cutting.  
PUSH AND PULL - When cutting is done along the bottom rails  
of the guide bar, the reaction on the saw is to pull away from the  
operator. When the top of the guide bar is used, the reaction  
pushes the saw towards the operator. Both are normal reactions  
which must be controlled by the operator.  
CHAIN TENSIONER - The device which permits precise  
adjustment of the chain tension.  
CHAPS - Specially designed leg protection, which can reduce  
the risk of injury due to contact with a moving saw chain.  
REDUCED-KICKBACK GUIDE BAR - Guide bars which are  
recognized by the ANSI Standard B175.1 as having as small or  
reduced radius nose to reduce the potential kickback area.  
FOLLOW THROUGH - After the chain saw completes a cut and  
is no longer supported by the wood, an uncontrolled chain saw  
can continue on its path and strike the legs, feet or body of the  
operator.  
LOW, or REDUCED-KICKBACK SAW CHAIN - Saw chain  
which has been demonstrated to reduce kickback on a selected  
group of chain saw models during ANSI testing. Before using  
“reduced kickback” chain, ask your ECHO dealer to determine  
if your chain saw can accommodate “reduced-kickback” chain  
and still meet the 45-degree CKArequirement explained on page  
13.  
FRONT HAND GUARD - This required device is intended  
to reduce the operator’s risk of injury from projecting  
branches and saw-chain contact with the left hand in the  
event the operator loses his grip from the upper part of the  
handle.  
GUIDE BAR - The grooved bar that supports and guides the  
saw chain.  
SKATING - When the chain saw fails to dig in during a cut, the  
guide bar can begin hopping or dangerously skidding along the  
surface of the log or branch, possibly resulting in the loss of  
control of the chain saw. To prevent or reduce skating, hold the  
chain saw with two hands and make sure the saw chain  
establishes a groove for cutting.  
KERF - The grooved cut produced by the saw chain cutters.  
KICKBACK - The general term describing rotational and linear  
kickback, two highly dangerous reactions which can occur when  
operating a chain saw. When used alone in this manual, the  
term “kickback” refers to rotational kickback. To prevent  
kickback, keep the bar nose properly covered with the Kick  
THROTTLE TRIGGER - Located in the rear handle, it is used  
to control the speed of the engine.  
Guard® device. If the Kick Guard® device is absent, kickback  
can occur if the unshielded bar nose touches an object or the  
ground.  
THROTTLE TRIGGER LATCH BUTTON - The control used on  
some chain saws to set the throttle for a fast idle speed, which  
may be required to start a cold engine. The throttle can be  
unlatched by squeezing and releasing the throttle trigger.  
ROTATIONAL KICKBACK - The violent reaction which can  
occur when the chain at the upper section of the nose is suddenly  
stopped or impeded, thereby dangerously driving the bar nose  
in an upward arc toward the operator.  
THROTTLE TRIGGER LOCKOUT LEVER - A safety lever on  
the top of the top/rear handle which must be depressed before  
the throttle trigger can be activated. When the operator lets go  
of the top/rear handle, the throttle will be locked in idle position.  
LINEAR KICKBACK - A push reaction, which can  
occur under certain conditions with the guide bar buried in the  
cut when the cut closes, pinching the chain along the top rails  
of the guide bar and propelling the chain saw straight back  
toward the operator.  
5
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INTRODUCTION  
WARNING!  
Before using your saw, read this Safety Manual and your chain saw instruction manual carefully. You  
must completely understand and follow all safety rules, precautions, and operating instructions.  
Echo recommends that you obtain and review the supplemental ECHO Chain Saw Safety Video.  
Congratulations on taking the right steps to learn basic chain saw safety. Over the years, Echo has developed and  
improved technology to increase the safety of chain saw use. However, chain saws are powerful cutting tools intended  
to quickly cut trees and branches and to get the job done fast. Like other types of outdoor cutting and wood working  
power equipment, the chain saw’s sharp, high-speed cutters require that you operate the saw carefully to avoid serious  
or fatal injury.  
You must read and understand the specific chain saw instruction manual, the Kick Guard® instructions and this safety  
manual. Before operating your gasoline or electric chain saw, you must learn about the chain saw reactions, which can  
occur when cutting. Unless noted, the safety rules presented apply to both gasoline and electric chain saws.  
This manual describes the hazards and risks associated with cutting, trimming, felling, refueling and other activities  
involving use of a chain saw. Many vital safety awareness tips are mentioned to help identify the dangers of using chain  
saws, and to teach you the precautions to take to avoid injury. ECHO has also provided helpful information about cutting  
techniques to make the tasks easier, more productive, and safer.  
If you have any feelings that the tree removal or cutting task requires you to put yourself, your property, or others at risk,  
please consider calling a professional to handle the job. Tree trimming and felling mishaps can cause serious or fatal  
injury to you, others, and possible damage to property.  
If you need a copy of a chain saw safety or instruction manual, have product questions, are unsure about the safe use  
or maintenance of your saw, or would like to obtain a chain saw safety video, please visit our website at http://www.echo-  
usa.com. You may also contact your local ECHO dealer, or contact ECHO directly at (800) 432-3246. The chain saw  
safety video provides operational safety information and cutting demonstrations.  
TABLE OF CONTENTS  
KEY SAFETY SYMBOLS AND MAJOR WARNINGS-------------------------------------------------------------- 2  
KEY CHAIN SAW TERMS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5  
INTRODUCTION ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6  
FORCES YOU MUST CONTROL -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 7  
KICK GUARD® INSTALLATION ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 9  
CONDITIONS WHICH MAY REQUIRE REMOVAL OF KICK GUARD® -------------------------------------10  
OPERATING SAW WITH KICK GUARD® DEVICE --------------------------------------------------------------- 11  
OPERATING SAW WITHOUT KICK GUARD® DEVICE ---------------------------------------------------------12  
ADDITIONAL SAFETY DEVICES TO REDUCE KICKBACK ---------------------------------------------------14  
OPERATOR SAFETY -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------17  
KEY SAFETY AND RISK PREVENTION GUIDELINES ---------------------------------------------------------19  
RULES FOR SAFE FUELING ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------23  
SAFE WOOD CUTTING PRACTICES -------------------------------------------------------------------------------24  
PINCHING, BINDING & SPLITTING ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------25  
PRUNING SHADE TREES AND CUTTING SAPLINGS ---------------------------------------------------------26  
FELLING TREES-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------27  
LIMBING AND BUCKING ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------29  
FELLING VERY LARGE TREES ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------31  
BOW SAW WARNING ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------32  
ELECTRIC CHAIN SAW SAFETY -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------32  
GLOSSARY OF CHAIN SAWING DEFINITIONS -----------------------------------------------------------------34  
6
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FORCES YOU MUST CONTROL  
This section explains the forces which must be controlled to avoid injury  
when operating either a gas or electric-powered chain saw. Always remem-  
ber that your best defenses are to exercise caution and use the chain saw  
properly, and to be prepared to react to these forces  
PULL  
PULL, PUSH and KICKBACK are terms for the direction a reaction takes.  
CUTTING ON BOTTOM OF GUIDE-  
BAR PULLS SAW AWAY FROM YOU  
PULL - When you are cutting on top of a log with the lower portion of the  
chain moving toward you, the chain saw will be pulled into the wood and  
away from you.  
PUSH - Cutting on the underside of a log pushes the chain saw toward you.  
PUSH  
CUTTING ON TOP OF GUIDE-BAR  
PUSHES SAW TOWARD YOU  
WOOD  
PUSH and PULL forces are controlled by anticipating which reaction will  
happen and adjusting your position and stance to compensate.  
FORCE  
REACTION  
ROTATIONAL KICKBACK - When the chain is moving downward around the  
upper nose of the bar, solid contact there may drive the bar tip upward in an  
arc toward you. This is an extremely dangerous reaction called Rotational  
Kickback. When used alone in this manual, the term kickback will always  
refer to the rotational kickback.  
Ro
Chain moving downward at impact  
Rotational kickback is predictable, preventable and controllable. If the  
operator is not alert to the possibility of a kickback, it may come as a  
complete surprise. The possibility of kickback can be greatest if the chain is  
not a low- or reduced kickback type, or if the bar is not a reduced-kickback  
type. The best defense against rotational kickback is making sure the chain  
does not contact anything solid at the upper nose of the bar. This can be  
assured by proper installation of the Kick Guard ® device.  
ROTATIONAL KICKBACK  
PINCH  
LINEAR KICKBACK - A sudden PUSH reaction that occurs when the chain  
along the top rails of the bar gets pinched in a cut. This type of reaction  
pushes the chain saw straight back toward the operator. The Kick Guard ®  
device on your bar nose acts as a stop against this type of kickback by  
stopping the guide bar.  
PINCHING TOP OF GUIDE BAR  
CAUSES LINEAR PUSH OR  
KICKBACK  
7
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FORCES YOU MUST CONTROL  
FORCE OF GRAVITY & “FOLLOW THROUGH” – Gravity is always present and  
you must be prepared for it when you are operating a chain saw. During the  
cutting operation, the weight of the chain saw is supported by the material being  
cut. When the saw completes the cut, the saw is no longer supported, and the  
operator must control both the weight and the downward momentum of the saw.  
Never reach too far out with the saw. If you reach too far out with the saw, you  
may be unable to control it. Maintain a proper grip, a balanced stance, and good  
footing. Never cut when you are off balance – the sudden burden of supporting  
the weight of the saw could cause you to fall or lose control of the saw. Make no  
cuts above chest height where control may be more difficult.  
DO NOT OVER -REACH TO  
MAKE A CUT  
IMPORTANT: When you’re about to complete a cut on an elevated tree branch or  
limb, be ready to release the throttle and support the chain saw so that the guide  
bar and moving chain will not “follow through” and cut into your legs, feet, or body  
after the guide bar breaks into the clear.  
SKATING - This condition occurs when the saw chain does not dig in properly  
when starting a cut, and does not start a defined groove as it attempts to  
penetrate the wood. The guide bar then begins “hopping” or skidding side-to-side  
along the surface. When this occurs, you do not have full control of the chain  
saw, and the bar nose could strike something and cause a kickback. If you are  
holding the chain saw with one hand and a branch with the other, the chain saw  
could skate laterally into your hand holding the branch. To prevent or reduce  
skating, always hold the chain saw with two hands, and make sure the saw chain  
has established a groove for cutting. For gasoline-powered units, throttling down  
the chain speed may help the chain get grooved, but once the chain is grooved,  
throttle up the chain speed to complete the cut.  
BEWARE OF SKATING  
8
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KICK GUARD® INSTALLATION  
DANGER!  
Chain saw kickback is an extremely dangerous reaction. Kickback can cause serious, or fatal  
injuries!  
Kick Guard®  
KICK GUARDANTI-KICKBACK BAR TIP GUARD: This is an anti-kickback device that covers  
the bar nose to prevent chain contact at the kickback-generating area of the nose. The ECHO bar  
tip guard is called the Kick Guard ® device. With the device properly mounted on the bar nose,  
rotational kickback cannot occur. The device will also halt linear kickback. (See definitions of rotational  
and linear kickback.)  
The Kick Guard ® device is not installed on the guide bar when you purchase your ECHO chain saw. It is the  
operator’s responsibility to decide upon the safest cutting approach for the job being done. If you think the Kick Guard®  
limits or obstructs the cutting operation and you decide to use the saw without the guard, it is your responsibility to know  
how to operate the saw safely. This manual provides safety information to operate with and without the Kick Guard® .  
The Kick Guard ® can be used in a majority of cutting operations, and is especially recommended for beginners,  
homeowners, or chain saw novices. However, it is designed to be removable to allow the saw to be used without the  
device. Use of the saw without the Kick Guard device requires a higher level of caution on the part of the operator. Study  
the information and precautions in this manual carefully to learn how to operate the saw safely. Contact ECHO if you  
have any questions, or if you do not understand the information.  
Kick Guard ®  
Simple to Install!  
Kick Guard ®  
Prevents  
See Installation Procedure  
in your chain saw Instruction  
Manual.  
Rotational  
Kickback!  
Use the Kick Guard ® in cutting applications where the bar’s tip may come into contact with solid objects or  
surfaces. Most cutting operations can be accomplished with the Kick Guard® in place.  
ECHO HIGHLY RECOMMENDS the use of the Kick Guard ® Device:  
1. If you are a beginner or novice chain saw user.  
2. If you are cutting in or around adjacent brush, small saplings, trees, or other solid objects that can be contacted by  
the bar tip.  
3. If it is possible that the tip of the saw may come in contact with an adjacent object such as a log, other trees,  
branches, root, stump, fence, post, wall, rocks, nails etc.  
4. If you can’t see the tip of the saw and it may come in contact with another object, such as in a log pile, brushy area,  
or dense leafy area.  
5. If you are limbing a tree and can’t see the tip due to leaves or other debris blocking the view.  
6. If you have any concern that the cutting you will be doing may have an increased risk of tip contact.  
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CONDITIONS WHICH MAY REQUIRE REMOVAL OF KICK GUARD®  
In any circumstance, it is your responsibility to learn how to minimize the risk of kickback if you are using the  
saw without the Kick Guard in place.  
Even if you have prior experience with safe chain saw operation, or are trained in the prevention of kickback, please  
use extreme caution if you choose not to install the tip guard, or if you decide to remove it. If you plan to use the saw  
without the Kick Guard® device to facilitate cutting, refer to the section “Operating Saw Without Kick Guard® Device”.  
The Kick Guard® is ideal for most cutting applications, but it may be necessary to remove it in limited  
situations such as:  
1. Felling trees that are larger in diameter than the working length of  
the guide bar.  
2. Cutting trees and logs that are larger in diameter than the  
effective cutting length of the bar (dimension from engine to the  
inside of the Kick Guard ®).  
3. To remove a bound saw out from a cut log.  
4. To draw the bar nose through a cut.  
5. Making a boring cut into a log or tree. (Professional Users  
Only)  
Limit  
imposed  
by  
kick  
guard  
MAXIMUM  
Limit  
DIAMETER  
imposed by  
saw bumper  
6. To remove a saw when a wedge is being used.  
Echo has incorporated additional technology to help minimize the risk of kickback, such as reduced kickback chain,  
reduced kickback guide bar, and the chain brake system. These other devices only reduce kick back forces, and do not  
guarantee the prevention of kickback or kickback injuries. Only a properly installed kick guard absolutely prevents  
all rotational kick back.  
If you use the saw without the Kick Guard, you can prevent injury from kickback by: avoiding contact with solid  
objects at the upper tip of the guide bar; properly positioning yourself out of the line of the guide bar; and using  
a firm, two-handed grip. It is solely your responsibility to take these precautions.  
Prevent Rotational Kickback!  
10  
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®
OPERATING SAW WITH THE KICK GUARD DEVICE  
WARNING! Study your safety and instruction manuals, and be sure you understand how to keep control of the  
chain saw either with or without the Kick Guard ® device.  
WARNING! The Kick Guard ® device prevents rotational kickback when properly installed, but it cannot prevent  
other chain saw mishaps. Always wear protective articles such as cut-resistant boots, gloves, and leg chaps, and  
proper attire for chain sawing. Use the correct two-handed grip on the saw handles at all times. Position the saw  
properly with the cutting plane away from the body, and maintain a balanced body position to the left of the saw.  
Check that the Kick Guard ® is correctly installed before each use, and is  
fastened securely to the guide bar.  
Illustrations below show various applications, which can be performed  
effectively and safely when the Kick Guard ® device is in place on the bar  
nose. Notice that the device is often used to protect the saw chain, as well  
®
as adjacent objects such as walls, fences and trees. The Kick Guard  
often can be used against an obstruction as a bumper plate.  
Using the Kick Guard® when cutting in a brush pile eliminates the threat of  
kickback and helps speed up brush removal. Cutting brush requires that  
you be alert for brush and branches that may be whipped back at you.  
Even when using the Kick Guard ® device, you must be alert to control the  
saw against the forces of gravity, push, pull and “skating.” Maintain good  
KICK GUARD® ALLOWS KICK-BACK  
footing and balance. Reaching above chest height is extremely hazardous.  
Twisting and falling limbs are a hazard, which must always be anticipated.  
FREE CUTTING NEAR MASONRY,  
FENCES, ETC.  
Before buying a new guide bar or new saw chain, check first with your  
ECHO dealer to be sure the new configuration can be mounted to your  
ECHO chain saw. Be sure ECHO’s Kick Guard® device can be mounted  
onto the new guide bar. The tip of the bar must be equipped with the  
proper Kick Guard ® device mounting holes.  
KICK GUARD® APPLICATIONS  
KICK GUARD® PROTECTS CHAIN FROM  
GROUND WHEN FLUSH CUTTING.  
KICK GUARD® AS A BUMPER  
AGAINST OBSTRUCTION.  
KICK GUARD® ALLOWS SCYTHING  
ACTION TO REMOVE BRUSH  
KICK GUARD® ALLOWS SAFE CUTTING IN  
BRUSH PILE.  
KICK GUARD® ALLOWS SAFE CUTTING  
NEAR OTHER TREES  
11  
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OPERATING SAW WITHOUT THE KICK GUARD® DEVICE  
DANGER! IF YOU REMOVE THE KICK GUARD, BE AWARE OF THE INCREASED RISK OF KICKBACK DUE  
TO THE BAR NOSE NOT BEING PROTECTED. PREVENT KICKBACK YOURSELF. DON’T LET THE BAR TIP  
CONTACT ANYTHING!  
Study the following illustrations related to kickback, and never make these kinds of errors!  
COMMON CAUSES OF KICKBACK  
KICKBACK  
UPPER BA
WITH A
CHAIN PINCHED IN CLOSING  
CUT, OR CHAIN CONTANCT TO  
OBJECT  
KICKBACK  
UPPER BAR TIP CONTACT  
WITH ANOTHER LOG OR  
BRANCH.  
MOVING OUT OF CUT WHILE CHAIN  
RUNNING. CONTACT TO SIDE OF CUT.  
12  
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OPERATING SAW WITHOUT THE KICK GUARD® DEVICE  
WARNING! Hold the saw firmly with both hands. Make sure your left thumb is  
always on the underside of the front handle. Never over the top! Keep your left arm  
straight with the elbow locked to prepare for any sudden or unexpected reaction of  
the chain saw, and to maintain better control.  
WARNING! Do not let the tip or nose of the saw come near any solid object  
while the chain is rotating. Never let the saw dip into the ground.  
DON’T CROWD THE SAW  
WARNING! Keep your body out of the path of a potential kickback  
as follows:  
1. When making any vertical (bucking) cut, keep your body to the left of the  
BODY ENTIRELY TO ONE  
PLANE OF  
SIDE OF PLANE OF CHAIN  
guide bar, out of the plane of chain rotation.  
CHAIN  
ROTATION  
ROTATION  
2. When making felling cuts, alongside the tree so that the direction and path  
of a kickback would be away from and not toward your body. If necessary,  
angle the cut to keep your body out of the kickback path, and be extra  
careful to keep the bar nose in the clear.  
STRONG  
3. During all cutting, do not bend towards or otherwise “crowd” the guide bar.  
LEFT ARM  
AND ELBOW  
Cut only one piece of wood at a time.  
POSITION  
THUMB ON  
FOR GOOD  
UNDER SIDE OF  
CONTROL  
HANDLE BAR  
WARNING! Do not thrust the nose of the saw into a pile of branches or  
dense brush where you cannot see whether the nose is in the clear. A high  
risk of kickback exists under such conditions. INSTALL THE KICK GUARD®  
GOOD  
CONTROL  
DEVICE before attempting such applications.  
When starting a cut, be ready to control any tendency of the saw to skate as it attempts to penetrate the wood. Kickback  
will be a secondary reaction if the nose bar skates into something.  
When completing an bucking cut, be ready to hold up the saw as it breaks into the clear, so it will not follow through  
and cut your legs, feet or body, or contact an obstruction and kick back.  
WARNING! Limit your cutting to the range within which you can fully control the saw. Don’t reach out when  
cutting. Forces of gravity, falling branches or wood can cause you to lose your balance and increase the risk of injury.  
Don’t make any cut above chest height, because a saw is difficult to control under such conditions. It can kick back  
or fall on you.  
WARNING! There is always an element of danger in boring, even when done by experts. Until you have  
become an experienced operator do not attempt to plunge cut or bore with the nose of the saw.  
Make limbing and pruning cuts one at a time. Whenever possible, stand on the opposite side of the tree from limbs being  
cut, so the tree is a barrier between you, the saw, and the falling material.  
13  
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ADDITIONAL SAFETY DEVICES DESIGNED TO REDUCE THE RISK OF  
INJURY FROM KICKBACK  
Your ECHO chain saw and its operator’s manual have been certified to meet the requirements of Voluntary Standard  
B175.1 of the American National Standards Institute (ANSI). B175.1 sets forth the minimum safety requirements for the  
manufacture of gasoline-powered chain saws.  
ANSI B175.1 addresses rotational kickback, which can occur when the chain saw tip contacts an object and propels the  
saw upward and rearward toward the operator at rapid speeds. Kickback can cause severe and even fatal injuries. ANSI  
B175.1 requires that chain saws with an engine displacement of under 3.8 cubic inches (62.3CC) have a maximum  
Computed Kickback Angle (CKA) no greater than 45 degrees. CKA is computed (under laboratory conditions) from a  
kickback test machine, plus other data including the dimensions of the chain saw. Any deviation from laboratory conditions  
may result in a higher CKA; and thus require chain saws in this class to have at least two of the following devices to  
reduce the risk of injury from kickback: anti-kick tip guard which mounts at the nose of the guide bar, chain brake,  
reduced kickback chain, or reduced kickback guide bar. Learn which specific devices are included on your saw model.  
CHAIN BRAKE: When activated, this device is intended to stop the saw chain  
rotation immediately after a kickback has occurred. Achain brake does not prevent  
kickback.  
Chain Brake  
Lever  
The ECHO chain brake can be activated both manually and automatically. Manual  
chain brake engagement occurs if the operator’s left hand or wrist applies a force  
against the front hand guard, which is part of the brake lever. Automatically activated  
chain brakes are intended to respond to kickback accelerations without brake lever  
contact. These are sometimes called inertia brakes, which respond to a certain level  
of acceleration, and do not require manual activation by the hand guard lever. ECHO  
chain saws combine both hand guard lever and inertia chain brakes. Review your  
instruction manual or contact ECHO to find out the specifications of your saw model.  
WARNING! It is the responsibility of the owner or operator to ensure that the brake is serviced, adjusted, and  
tested in accordance with the instructions as detailed in your instruction manual in order to ensure that the brake  
performance is maintained in compliance with ANSI B175.1- 2000, which stipulates that the brake shall stop the chain  
in a maximum of 0.15 seconds after activation (0.12 Average).  
WARNING! Do not rely on the chain brake for protection against kickback. The chain brake may never activate;  
and even if it does, its chain-stopping capability, even under ideal conditions, may not be fast enough to prevent injury  
to the operator due to the rapid dynamics of a kickback.  
Even with a chain brake, depend on your own good sense and proper cutting methods just as though there were no  
chain brake.Additionally, even with normal use and proper maintenance, the initial stopping time of the chain brake may  
increase, or the chain brake may become incapable of stopping the saw chain, or stopping times may become inconsistent.  
Eventually, a major rebuild or complete replacement of the chain brake may be required for the chain brake to meet the  
ANSI B175.1 Standard.  
The following may interfere with the chain brake’s ability to reduce the risk of injury to the operator:  
Saw wrongly held too close to operator’s body (no fault of the brake). Kickback may occur faster than a  
perfectly maintained brake can be activated.  
The operator’s hand may not be in position to contact the hand guard. Brake will not be tripped.  
In the case of certain kickbacks, such as in a low intensity kickback, the inertia brake may not activate  
as intended because forces are below the required activation level. Loss of control of the saw still  
may occur!  
Lack of proper maintenance increases the chain brake’s stopping time, making it less effective.  
Dirt, grease, oil, pitch, etc. getting into the working parts of the mechanism may increase the stopping  
time or render the chain brake inoperable.  
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ADDITIONAL SAFETY DEVICES DESIGNED TO REDUCE THE RISK OF INJURY  
FROM KICKBACK  
Improper assembly of the chain brake to the chain saw may render the brake inoperable.  
Wear and fatigue of the activating brake band or spring, and/or wear of the brake/clutch drum and pivot  
points may lengthen the brake’s stopping time or render the chain brake inoperable.  
ECHO chain brakes are designed to retain stopping times as close as possible to their original times, however periodic  
cleaning and or adjustment are required for the brake to perform properly.  
The brake linkage is in a compartment designed to shield out sawdust and oil. The  
brake and surrounding area will require regular and frequent cleaning. There will be  
a time when adjustment cannot compensate for wear. Your ECHO servicing dealer  
will be able to tell you when parts replacement or a complete brake assembly  
replacement is necessary. The ECHO Chain Brake is a device which cannot be  
replaced on your ECHO saw by another brand chain brake.  
Reduced Kickback Chain  
LOW OR REDUCED-KICKBACK SAW CHAIN: Low-kickback saw chain  
meets the kickback performance requirements of ANSI B175. 1. Before using  
“reduced kickback” chain, see your ECHO dealer to determine if your chain saw  
can accommodate “reduced-kickback” chain and still meet the 45-degree CKA  
GUARD  
LINKS  
requirement.Always use the proper replacement chain recommended for your saw.  
The low-kickback saw chain on your ECHO saw has depth gauges and guard links to reduce kickback. Depth gauges  
control the depth of cut. The guard links help to prevent the cutters from digging in too deeply at the bar nose. Low-  
kickback chain tends to resist penetration of the bar tip, which is the cause of kickback; however, the chain may “skate”  
along the surface of the wood. Skating the nose bar into an obstruction could result in a kickback.  
Low-kickback chain may gradually lose some of its kickback-reduction ability even when properly filed. The following  
items will cause it to lose its kickback reduction ability rapidly:  
Depth gauges not set uniformly to correct depth.  
Cutters dull or uneven in filing angle or length.  
Cutters have been filed to a forward hook.  
Chain runs too loose on the bar.  
Worn chain repaired with new cutters or side links, causing some cutters to take a larger bite than the others.  
NOTE: Proper chain tension cannot be maintained if:  
Drive sprocket is worn.  
Guide bar is improperly clamped to the chain saw.  
Tension adjuster has not engaged the guide bar, thus causing the guide-bar to shift.  
Bar rails are in poor condition.  
Guide bar and chain are improperly lubricated.  
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ADDITIONAL SAFETY DEVICES DESIGNED TO REDUCE THE RISK OF INJURY  
FROM KICKBACK  
REDUCED-KICKBACK GUIDE BAR: In general, guide bars that meet this requirement, have small or reduced-  
radius noses. All ECHO guide bars with reduced nose radius have been machined to accept a bar tip guard. (Some  
large radius bars may not accept a tip guard.)  
BANNANA NOSE REDUCED RADIUS  
SYMMETRICAL REDUCED RADIUS  
TM  
REDUCED-KICKBACK GUIDE BAR AND KICK GUARD DEVICE - These devices both provide strong protection  
against kickback. As stated previously, there can be no rotational kickback when the Kick Guard® device is properly  
assembled on the bar nose. Linear kickback will be stopped if the device is drawn against the wood. Your ECHO chain  
saw may be equipped with either the more common symmetrical nose bar or an asymmetrical nose bar. The symmetrical  
nose bar can have a sprocket or welded tip. The asymmetrical nose bar is shaped differently and is commonly referred  
to as a “banana-nose bar.” The ability of these bars to partially reduce kickback is possible because the kickback-  
generating zone of the bar nose is small. If you wish to equip your chain saw with any bar other than manufacturer-  
approved bars, be sure it falls within limitations specified for your chain saw, is designated “Reduced-kickback Guide  
Bar,” and is machined to permit installation of a Kick Guard® device. The Kick Guard® device works properly only when  
it fits correctly on the bar. Abent or damaged Kick Guard® device must be replaced. Do not use a replacement guide bar  
that does not have proper mounting holes for the Kick Guard® device.  
It is always safer to cut with the Kick Guard installed. If you believe it is not practical to use the Kick Guard in certain  
situations, it is your responsibility to use other means to control kick back. Echo recommends use of the Kick Guard  
wherever possible.  
Normal wear, as well as lack of maintenance or cleaning, will reduce both saw performance and the ability of the guide  
bar to reduce kickback. Inadequate lubrication can wear bar rails. Non-uniform chain filing can wear the rails to an  
uneven height. In particular, uneven height or worn-down rails and wear inside the bar rails can permit excessive cutter  
side play, creating a lack of chain alignment and increasing the probability of kickback. Inspect guide bar for uneven or  
excessive wear or damage before each use, and replace bar if worn, deformed, or damaged. See Chain Saw Instruction  
Manual for correct bar/chain combinations.  
GUIDE BAR RAIL DAMAGE- TIME TO REPLACE  
ORIGINAL DEPTH  
EVEN WEAR  
UNEVEN  
TOO DEEP  
WEAR  
INSIDE WEAR OR SPREAD  
CAUSES CUTTER SIDE PLAY  
PINCHED GUIDE BAR  
GUIDE BAR WEAR  
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OPERATOR SAFETY  
PHYSICAL CONDITION – Chain saw work and the associated clearing of branches and  
logs is a strenuous activity. You should be in good physical and mental health in order to  
handle your chain saw safely. Errors in judgment can be serious or fatal. If you have any  
physical condition which strenuous work could worsen, check with your physician before  
using a chain saw.  
Take frequent breaks and drink fluids, especially in warmer weather. Do not operate  
when ill, fatigued, upset, or under the influence of any substance or medication which  
could affect your vision, dexterity or judgment.  
DO NOT OPERATE UNDER  
THE INFLUENCE OF ANY  
SUBSTANCE  
PERSONAL EQUIPMENT - Always wear eye protection eyewear with adequate top and  
side protection conforming to the ANSI Z87.1 Standard when operating a chain saw (Z87  
is stamped on the eyewear). ANSI Z87.1 certifies protective eyewear to limited, but  
protective resistance levels, to debris. Wood chips, dust, snapping branches and other  
debris can be tossed by the cutting chain into the operator’s facial area. Z87 safety  
eyewear may also offer limited protection in the event of the cutting chain hitting the  
operator in the eye area. If conditions warrant that a ventilated face shield be worn,  
always wear protective eyewear underneath.  
WEAR PROTECTIVE  
Z-87.1 EYEWEAR  
Also, ECHO recommends wearing hearing protection at all times. If not followed, hearing  
loss can occur. You should reduce the risk of hearing damage by wearing either  
“headset” type protectors or approved ear plugs. (Note: Stuffing ears with cotton is not  
recommended.) All persons who make part of their living using chain saws should be  
tested periodically for hearing deterioration.  
COMBINATION EAR, HEAD  
AND FACE PROTECTION  
WARNING! Never wear loose clothing, unbuttoned jackets, flared sleeves and cuffs,  
scarves, tie strings, neckties, cords, chains, jewelry, etc. which could snag the saw chain  
or underbrush. Avoid short pants.  
WARNING! Never operate a chain saw when you are alone. Arrange to have  
someone remain within calling distance in case you need help.  
PROTECT YOURSELF  
AGAINST HEARING  
DAMAGE. WEAR EAR  
PLUGS FOR HEARING  
PROTECTION  
A safety “hard hat” is highly recommended when felling or  
working under trees, or when objects can fall on you. Wear  
heavy duty, non slip gloves for improved grip, and also for  
protection against cold and vibration.  
Cut resistant, high top safety tip shoes or boots with non slip  
soles should be worn. Clothing should be of sturdy, protective  
material. It should be snug-fitting to resist snagging, but roomy  
enough for freedom of movement. Trouser legs should not be  
flared or cuffed, and should be either tucked into the boot tops.  
Safety vests, chain saw protective leg chaps, or logger’s pants  
of ballistic nylon material are available. It is the operator’s  
responsibility to wear such additional protection if conditions  
warrant it.  
No open toed shoes, or  
loose fitting clothing.  
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OPERATOR SAFETY  
Hard hat  
VITAL SAFETY GEAR TO WEAR WHEN CUTTING:  
Hearing  
Protection  
Eye protection  
Trim,  
protective  
clothing  
Elbow as  
straight as  
possible  
Hearing Protection  
ANSI Z-87 Eyewear  
Hard Hat  
Non-slip  
gloves  
Protective, non-  
slip footwear  
Thumb  
under handle  
bar  
No pants cuffs  
to snag in  
underbrush  
Cut Resistant  
Steel-Toe Boots  
Protective  
Gloves  
Cut resistant Leg Chaps  
PRECAUTIONS IN HOT, HUMID WEATHER - Heavy logger’s clothing can cause overheating and increase the risk of  
operator fatigue. Heat stroke is possible. Under these adverse conditions, you must judge whether wearing heavy  
protective clothing, or lighter but less protective items, bears the least risk. Or you might choose to work early in the  
morning or delay work until the temperature drops. Take plenty of water breaks during periods of strenuous activity,  
especially in warmer weather.  
PRECAUTIONS AGAINST VIBRATION AND COLD - It is believed that a condition called Raynaud’s Syndrome,  
which affects the fingers of certain individuals, may be brought about by exposure to cold and vibration. Accordingly,  
your ECHO chain saw has shock mounts designed to reduce the intensity of vibration received through the handles.  
Exposure to cold and vibration may cause tingling and burning followed by loss of color and numbness in the fingers.  
We strongly recommend the following precautions, because the minimum exposure which might trigger the ailment is  
unknown.  
Keep your body warm, especially the head and neck, feet and ankles, and hands and wrists.  
Maintain good blood circulation by performing vigorous arm exercises during frequent work  
breaks, and also by not smoking.  
Limit the number of hours of chain saw operation. Try to fill a part of each work day with jobs  
other than chain sawing.  
If you experience discomfort, redness and swelling of the fingers, followed by whitening and or  
loss of feeling, consult your physician before further exposing yourself to cold and vibration.  
Maintain a firm grip, but do not squeeze the handles with excessive pressure.  
Assure good maintenance of your saw - loose parts can add to vibration levels.  
PRECAUTIONS AGAINST REPETITIVE STRESS INJURIES - It is believed that overusing the muscles and tendons of  
the fingers, hands, arms, and shoulders may cause soreness, swelling, numbness, weakness, and extreme pain to the  
areas just mentioned. Certain repetitive hand activities may put you at a high risk for developing a repetitive stress injury  
(RSI). An extreme RSI condition is Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS), which could occur when your wrist swells and  
squeezes a vital nerve that runs through the area. Some believe that prolonged exposure to vibration may contribute to  
CTS. CTS can cause severe pain for months or even years. To reduce the risk of RSI/CTS, do the following:  
Avoid using your wrist in a bent, extended or twisted position. Instead, try to  
maintain a straight wrist position. Also, when grasping, use your whole hand,  
not just the thumb and index finger.  
Take periodic breaks to minimize repetition and rest your hands.  
Reduce the speed and force with which you do the repetitive movement.  
Do exercises to strengthen the hand and arm muscles.  
See a doctor if you feel tingling, numbness, or pain in the fingers, hands,  
wrists, or arms. The sooner RSI/CTS is diagnosed, the more likely permanent  
nerve and muscle damage can be prevented.  
IF IT HURTS, TAKE A BREAK  
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KEY SAFETYAND RISK PREVENTION RULES  
DANGER! KICKBACK may occur when the nose or tip of the guide bar touches an object, or when the wood  
closes in and pinches the saw chain in the cut. Tip contact in some cases may cause a lightning-fast reverse reaction,  
kicking the guide bar up and back toward the operator (this is called a rotational kickback). Pinching the saw chain  
along the top of the guide bar may push the guide bar rapidly back toward the operator (this is called a linear kickback).  
Either of these reactions may cause you to lose control of the saw and come in contact with the moving chain, which  
could result in serious or fatal injuries.  
IF the Kick Guard ® anti-kickback device is not installed on your chain saw, you cannot  
rely on the other devices built into your saw. As a chain saw user, you must take the  
steps necessary to keep your cutting jobs free from accident or injury. With a basic  
understanding of kickback, you can reduce or eliminate the element of surprise. Sudden  
surprise contributes to accidents. Understand that rotational kickback is preventable by  
keeping an unshielded bar nose from touching a solid object, wherever it may be  
DON’T ALLOW TIP  
CONTACT  
positioned.  
SAFE OPERATION: Stand with your weight on both feet. Adjust your stance so as to  
be away from the saw chain and the line of cutting. When the saw is used without the  
Kick Guard ® device, the cutting line becomes the potential path of a rotational kickback.  
DON’T OPERATE  
ONE-HANDED  
WARNING! Do not operate a chain saw with one hand! Serious injury to the  
operator, helpers, or bystanders may result from one-handed operation. For proper  
control, always use two hands when operating a chain saw. Never operate the saw with  
only the hand that operates the throttle trigger. This can result in the chain saw “skating”  
or skidding, which can result in personal injury due to loss of control.  
Always keep a good firm grip on the saw with both hands, with the right hand on the rear  
handle and the left hand on the front handle, when the engine is running. Use a firm grip  
with thumbs and fingers encircling the chain saw handles. A firm grip will help you to  
better position the saw to reduce kickback and to maintain control of the saw. Do not let  
go. Two hands must be used to control the saw at all times. Always assure proper  
footing when cutting to prevent slips or falls. Make sure that the area in which you are  
cutting is free from obstructions. Do not let the unshielded bar nose contact a log,  
branch, or any other obstruction which could be hit while you are operating the saw.  
FIRM TWO-HANDED  
GRIP  
FIRM ENCIRCLING  
GRIP  
Cutting at high engine speeds may reduce the likelihood of kickback. But cutting at part-  
throttle or low engine speeds may be preferable to control the chain saw in tight  
situations and may also reduce the likelihood of kickback. Increase chain cutting speed  
before letting the chain make contact. To reduce risk of kickback when plunge-cutting or  
boring, start at part throttle and wait until the saw tip is buried deeply in the wood before  
slowly going to full throttle.  
WARNING! Cut only those branches that can be reached from the ground. Do not  
over-reach or cut above chest height. Do not attempt to cut in awkward positions.  
DO NOT CUT WHILE IN  
TREES OR ON LADDERS  
WARNING! Do not cut while standing on a ladder or up in a tree unless you have  
been specially trained to do so. Cutting while on a ladder is extremely dangerous  
because the ladder can slip and your control of the chain saw is limited. Working aloft  
should be left to trained professionals.  
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KEY SAFETY AND RISK PREVENTION RULES  
DANGER! Carbon monoxide is a poisonous odorless gas produced by gasoline  
engines. Operate the chain saw only in well-ventilated areas. Do not run chain saw inside,  
in garages or sheds, or in confined areas with the possibility of poor ventilation- such as  
drainage ditches, low & confined creek beds, etc.  
WARNING! Do not operate a chain saw when you are upset, fatigued or under the  
influence of alcohol or drugs.  
DO NOT OPERATE  
UNDER THE INFLUENCE  
WARNING! Do not allow other persons to be near the chain saw when you are starting  
or cutting with the chain saw. Keep bystanders and animals out of the work area. Do not  
let anyone hold the wood that you are going to cut.  
Do not start cutting or felling until you have a clear work area, secure footing, and a planned  
retreat path from the falling tree.  
DO NOT LET HELPER  
HOLD WHAT YOU ARE  
CUTTING!  
Keep all parts of your body away from the saw chain when the engine is running.  
To assure a good grip on the saw, keep the handles dry, clean, and free of oil or fuel mixture.  
Before you start the unit, make sure that the saw chain is not contacting anything. If you  
decide to shut off the engine, wait until the chain stops before setting the chain saw down.  
Carry the chain saw with the engine stopped, or chain brake engaged with the guide bar and  
saw chain to the rear. For gasoline operated chain saws, keep the muffler away from your  
body. When transporting your chain saw, use a protective guide-bar scabbard.  
DON’T TOUCH  
HOT SURFACES  
WARNING! Do not operate a chain saw that is damaged, improperly adjusted, or not  
completely and securely assembled. Be sure that the saw chain stops moving when the  
throttle control trigger is released.  
DANGER! NEVER run the saw with an exposed clutch. An exposed clutch  
running at high speeds can shatter, causing serious injury to occur.  
Keep your chain sharp- this will improve cutting performance and reduce physical exertion.  
Follow ECHO’s sharpening and maintenance instructions for the saw chain. Use only  
replacement guide bars and chains specified by ECHO, or guide bars and chains that meet  
ANSI B175.1 requirements.  
CARRY SAW WITH  
BAR TO REAR &  
ENGINE STOPPED  
Use extreme caution when cutting small-size brush and saplings because slender material  
may catch the saw chain and be whipped toward you or pull you off balance.  
When cutting a limb that is under tension, be alert for spring back so that you will not be  
struck by the limb or chain saw when the tension in the branch is released during the cut.  
BEWARE OF HIGH  
TENSION BRANCHES.  
STAY OUT OF THE PATH  
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KEY SAFETY AND RISK PREVENTION RULES  
GENERAL SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS  
All chain saw service, other than the items listed in the operator’s manual maintenance instruction, is to be performed only  
by competent chain saw service personnel. (For example, if improper tools are used to remove the flywheel, or if an  
improper tool is used to hold the flywheel to remove the clutch, structural damage to the flywheel could occur. This could  
cause the flywheel to shatter, resulting in serious injury to operator and bystanders.)  
Spark arrester mufflers are standard on ECHO chain saws to reduce the possibility of  
forest fires. Do not operate the chain saw with a loose or defective muffler. Do not  
remove the spark arrester screen.  
Insist on a replacement guide bar with holes to allow the mounting of the Kick Guard  
TM device. Insist on the proper replacement saw chain for your chain saw.  
PROPER GRIP ON THE SAW - A firm grip is one requirement for chain saw control.  
The saw should always be held firmly with both hands whenever the engine is running.  
Wear heavy-duty, non-slip gloves to improve your grip on the handles.  
DON’T USE AN OPEN GRIP  
Grasp the front handle firmly behind the front hand guard with your left hand. Always  
use a wraparound grip, with fingers encircling and the thumb on the underside. Thumb  
position is the key to a strong grip.  
WARNING! Never use a grip where the thumb and finger do not encircle the  
saw handle. If you use an improper grip, even a slight push or kick of the saw may  
dislodge your hand. The hand guard is not a handle. Do not pick up or hold the saw  
by the hand guard.  
KEEP BODY OUT OF  
CUTTING PLANE  
Grasp the rear handle in the same manner as the front handle. Use index finger to  
work the throttle trigger, and practice turning off the engine stop switch without  
losing your grip on the saw.  
WARNING! Never hold the saw directly in front of your body where you would  
be in the line of a kickback. Always keep to the left of the saw.  
PROPER STARTING TECHNIQUE- Start the chain saw on the ground. Grip the  
front handle with your left hand and hold the saw down by putting your right foot on  
the rear handle. Pull the starter rope with your right hand.  
USE PROPER  
GROUND STARTING  
BODY ENTIRELY TO ONE  
PLANE OF  
CHAIN  
SIDE OF PLANE OF CHAIN  
ROTATION  
WARNING! DROP STARTING IS PROHIBITED! DROP STARTING  
CAN CAUSE LOSS OF CONTROL OF THE SAW AND POTENTIAL  
ROTATION  
INJURY.  
PROPER STANCE, BALANCE AND BODY POSITION FOR CUTTING-  
After starting, pick up the saw and proceed as follows:  
STRONG  
LEFT ARM  
AND ELBOW  
POSITION  
FOR GOOD  
CONTROL  
At completion of the cut, let go of the trigger, carefully lift the saw clear, and  
allow the engine to slow and chain to come to rest before moving away or to  
another cut.  
THUMB ON  
UNDER SIDE OF  
HANDLE BAR  
Moving toward the next place to cut before throttling down and lifting the  
chain saw clear of the cut can cock the saw blade against the sides of the  
cut. This can result in a kickback. Always throttle down and let chain come  
to a stop and lift the saw clear of the wood before moving away.  
GOOD  
CONTROL  
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KEY SAFETY AND RISK PREVENTION RULES  
WARNING! DO NOT WALK AROUND WITH A MOVING CHAIN, ESPECIALLY IN AREAS OF POOR TERRAIN  
OR AROUND OBJECTS OR DEBRIS THAT CAN CAUSE TRIPPING. ALWAYS BE SURE OF YOUR FOOTING  
WHEN REPOSITIONING YOUR SELF FOR THE NEXT CUT.  
WARNING! IF YOU SENSE A TRIP OR FALL, THROW THE SAW AWAY FROM YOU SO THAT YOU DO NOT  
FALL ON IT .  
EQUIPMENT TO BRING ALONG - When using gasoline powered engines, fuel supplies should be carried in approved  
type fuel containers. Every owner should have a good tool kit to help ensure continued operation of the saw. The kit  
should contain the following:  
Multi-purpose fire extinguisher.  
A few extra labeled cans or a plastic bottle (with attached pouring nozzle) of chain oil.  
Wrenches, screwdriver, or combination wrench to fit all nuts and screws on the saw.  
Round file and guide for touching up the chain. Flat file and depth gauge to file the depth guides.  
Small brush (1/2 inch) to clean away sawdust and wood chips from around gas cap and cooling fins.  
Extra spark plug.  
Owner’s manual (wrapped in a plastic bag).  
Cleaning rags.  
Sharp ax. Sledge hammer and wedges. Shovel.  
First aid kit. Despite taking all precautions operating a chain saw, or just working in the forest, presents  
dangers.  
DO NOT transport fuel, or a saw containing fuel, in the same compartment as passengers. The saw must be transported  
and secured in the truck bed, equipment trailer, or trunk. Cover the chain and bar with a scabbard (protective sheath).  
CAUTION: When sharpening a chain saw, to prevent cuts to the hands, be sure to wear protective gloves when  
moving the chain or holding the bar. Use a tool to move the chain. Do not push against the sharp cutters, instead move  
the chain the same way it runs, from engine to bar tip direction.  
CHAIN TENSION: Tighten your chain according to the directions supplied in to your instruction manual.  
WARNING! After running, a saw chain will heat up and expand, and may become loose on the guide bar. If  
not tensioned properly, the chain may derail from the guide bar at high speeds. Stop the saw, recheck the chain  
tension. Use the proper steps to tension the chain. Always recheck chain tension before using a saw, as the  
tension may vary due to heating or cooling of the chain.  
WARNING! A thrown chain can cause injury. Assure correct chain tension. Don’t run with a loose chain.  
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RULES FOR SAFE FUELING  
WARNING! The engine exhaust from this product contains chemicals known to the  
State of California to Cause cancer, birth defects, or other reproductive harm.  
WARNING! Gasoline and gasoline vapors contain chemicals known to the State of  
California to Cause cancer, birth defects, or other reproductive harm.  
No Lighting Up Or  
Smoking When  
Handling Gasoline!  
DANGER: Gasoline is an extremely flammable fuel. If spilled or ignited by a  
spark or other ignition source, it can cause fire and serious burn injury, or property  
damage. Use extreme caution when handling gasoline or fuel mix.  
WARNING! Use only approved safety containers that do not leak to store and dispense fuel. It is best to use a  
container with a sealable spout and resealable vent to help minimize spillage. DO NOT USE GLASS CONTAINERS  
FOR GASOLINE.  
WARNING! Fuel your chain saw in well-ventilated outside areas only. Select bare ground for fueling.  
AVOID spilling any fuel on your clothing or shoes. If this happens change into clean clothing immediately.  
Wipe off any spilled fuel and check for leakage before starting the chain saw. If fuel leakage is discovered, do  
not start or run the chain saw until the leak is fixed and any spilled fuel has been wiped away. Move the chain  
saw at least 10 feet (3m) from the fueling point before starting the engine.  
WARNING! Chain saw vibration can cause an improperly tightened fuel cap to loosen or come off and allow  
fuel to escape. After refueling, take care to inspect and clean any debris off the fuel cap seal and tighten the cap  
as much as possible by hand. Be sure the fuel cap is properly tightened and sealed before starting the unit.  
WARNING! ALWAYS INSPECT your fuel cap for damage or leaks. If you experience leaking of fuel onto your  
clothing or shoes, do not start or use the saw until you have changed your clothing! DO NOT USE A Chain saw  
WITH A LEAKY CAP! Order a new replacement cap immediately before using the saw.  
The fuel cap has been designed to seal with hand tightening. However, Echo has supplied a combination wrench. If  
needed, the screwdriver end can be used to help tighten or loosen the cap. Do not over-tighten as this can damage the  
threads on the tank or the filler cap.  
WARNING! Combustible fuel vapors may be vented from the fuel system. Do not smoke or bring any fire,  
flame, ignition source or equipment that could cause sparks near the fuel or the chain saw.  
Always shut off the engine and allow it to cool before refueling. Due to agitation, weather, heat due to operation, or the  
type of venting system, gasoline vapor pressure may build up inside the gas tank of the engine. To reduce the risk of  
burns or other personal injury from escaping gasoline vapors and fumes, remove the fuel cap slowly and  
carefully to allow any pressure to release slowly. NEVER remove the fuel cap while the engine is running.  
WARNING! When filling a fuel container at the gas station, to avoid gasoline ignition due to static shock, place  
approved container on ground away from vehicle when filling and keep the gas nozzle in contact with the container  
when filling. Do not fill any container while it is in a truck bed or in the trunk of a car.  
WARNING! Store fuel and unit where fuel vapors cannot reach sparks or open flames from water heaters,  
electric motors or switches, furnaces, etc.  
If you plan to store the unit for an extended period carefully empty the unused fuel back into a safety can. Following the  
safe starting directions, run the unit until it completely runs out of fuel.  
23  
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SAFE WOOD CUTTING PRACTICES  
Operating a chain saw safely requires that the chain saw be in proper working order, with the chain properly tensioned.  
It also requires sound judgment, knowledge of proper cutting methods, and having a plan for every cut you make.  
WARNING! Do not let any person use your chain saw unless he or she has read the operator’s manual  
and this safety manual, and fully understands all instructions. Never let children or minors operate the saw.  
WARNING! Do not let helpers hold wood for you to cut. Keep helpers and bystanders a safe distance  
away. Don’t reach in to grab cut material until the saw chain has come to a complete stop.  
STAY ABOVE LOG ON  
Use your saw only to cut wood or wood products. Do not cut metal, sheet metal, or  
any non-wood materials.  
DOWN SLOPE  
Maintain good control at all times, using a secure, balanced stance and a firm, two-  
handled grip.  
Stay on the uphill side when bucking or limbing logs, which might otherwise roll  
toward you after being cut.  
WARNING! Keep both feet on the ground. Do not work from off-the-ground positions.  
Working from ladders is extremely dangerous because they can slip, your footing is confined, and your control is  
extremely limited. Working aloft should be left to the experts.  
WARNING! Do not work from metal ladders when there are power lines close by. Do not work on any tree if any  
of its branches may be in contact with power lines. If a tree hits a power line DON’T GO NEAR! Notify the power  
company as soon as possible.  
Work only when there is adequate lighting to see clearly.  
When there are several workers, they should be stationed where they will not interfere with one another. During felling  
and limbing operations, only the chain saw operator should be working on a tree, which can shift at any time.  
When felling a tree or any chain saw process, keep people and animals away a distance of at least twice the height of  
the tree. This “rule” also applies when hung-up trees are being dragged down.  
Before cutting, clear the area of materials likely to be ignited by the saw or that may interfere with your footing or the  
cutting process. Be sure the path of retreat is clear. It is wise to plan two exit paths in case one becomes blocked  
during the tree’s fall.  
WARNING! If a tree starts falling toward you, or you see a branch ready to fall,  
LEAVE THE SAW AND GET AWAY FAST! Any tree with a hollow rotted trunk, thick  
loose bark, and suspended dead branches is extremely dangerous to disturb by cutting.  
Such trees should be taken down by professionals.  
WARNING! Be extremely careful when attempting to fell trees during periods of  
high wind or with unbalanced forces from heavy precipitation. If a fallen or broken  
tree creates an emergency, leave removal to the professional tree removal services.  
WARNING! Anytime you use a chain saw, beware of electrical lines in the  
area, electrified branches in contact with power lines, or electrical lines that  
may have been knocked down by natural occurrences such as an ice storm,  
heavy winds, or fallen limbs or trees. Also beware of electrical fences while  
using a chain saw. DO NOT CUT NEAR ELECTRICAL LINES!  
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PINCHING, BINDING & SPLITTING  
HINGE  
Wind bends trees. Gravity bends logs that are not flat on the ground. A log  
weakened by a cut over 1/3 the log diameter is like two logs hinged together. The  
cut may either close or open wider, depending on how the log is positioned.  
MOVING OPENED  
HINGE  
In bucking logs, always make the weakening cut from the direction (opposite  
the “hinge” side) which causes the cut to widen. If made from the wrong side,  
the cut will close, binding the saw and pinching the chain.  
PINCHING CLOSED  
If the log is under heavy stress, prevent splitting by making a shallow cut (up  
to 1/ 3 dia.) on the “hinge” side first. But, always finish with the final cut in a  
direction towards the “hinge” side.  
HINGE  
1ST 1/3 CUT  
CUT UP OR  
UNDERBUCK  
2ND FINISHING CUT  
When the log is supported on both ends and is best to be cut in between,  
underbuck (cut upward from the bottom side) for the finishing cut.  
CUT DOWN OR  
UNDERBUCK  
When you wish to cut off an unsupported section from the end of a log, the  
weakening or finishing cut should be an overbuck (from top down). However,  
you may begin with a shallow underbuck to avoid splitting.  
UNSUPPORTED END  
WEDGE  
When the lie is such that the cutoff section will settle, guard against binding  
and pinching of the saw between the log sections. This can be done by  
inserting a soft wedge into the cut (after the chain is out of the way) to hold the  
cut open. In certain cases, the cut may be made on an angle so that it will  
widen as the log settles.  
If you’re unsure how a log actually lies, and how it will bend, change its lie. If too heavy to move without strain on the  
back muscles, use a lever bar such as a cant hook to move or roll it. NOTE: You may have need to use this procedure  
to free the saw, if you misjudged the position of the log.  
When a log is flat on the ground, overbuck as far through as possible without cutting into the earth. Then roll the log  
over to finish the cut.  
LOGGER’S HOOK FOR  
ROLLING LOGS  
MAKEANGLED CUT WHEN ONE SECTION MAY  
SETTLE AGAINST ANOTHER. KEEP BODY OUT OF  
BAR/CHAIN PATH!  
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PRUNING SHADE TREESAND CUTTING SAPLINGS  
Whippy growth, such as saplings and tree branches, may resist being cut. Be prepared  
for the saw chain to skate along the surface and the material to vibrate from side to  
side. This can result in a sharp sudden pull on the saw or can cause branches to  
snap back at the operator. Be ready to resist this pull and avoid snapping branches.  
With the Kick Guard ® device in place as a shield on the bar, you can flush-cut brush  
and saplings close to the ground to reduce this rough cutting. The pruning of small  
gauge branches may be better done with pruning saws or shears rather than chain  
saws. Likewise, clearing brush or heavy weeds may be better done with a brush  
cutter.  
Pruning Technique  
TRIMMING TECHNIQUE TO  
AVOID BARK PEELING  
Trees have both branches and stems that look like branches, called condominant  
stems. If a condominant stem must be removed, cut at an angle outside of the  
bark ridge. Avoid leaving any stub.  
When removing a branch, always cut outside the branch bark ridge and collar. Do  
not make a flush cut when removing a main branch. You may need to undercut a  
notch first to allow a hinge for the lowering process. After the branch has been cut  
off, make your finished cut in the desired location.  
WARNING! Do not cut while in a tree unless you are specially trained to  
do so.  
DO NOT CUT UP IN TREES  
Branches that do not have a distinct collar should be cut at a right angle to the  
branch outside of the branch bark ridge.  
When removing heavy limbs, first make an undercut several inches outside of the collar. Then remove the limb by a  
second cut an inch or so outside of the first cut. Remove the stub with a third cut just outside of the collar. This process  
will prevent bark peeling  
WOUND DRESSINGS NOT USEFUL - Wound dressings have been shown to interfere with the natural development of  
callus tissues that eventually close the pruning wound. In some cases, wound dressings can even harbor disease  
organisms much like what occurs when a bandage is left on a skin cut too long. It is far more important to make a smooth  
cut outside of the collar, and allow the wound area to dry.  
If a wound dressing is desired for aesthetic purposes, use a very thin coat, just enough to darken the wound area. The  
best are the aerosol sprays of water emulsified asphalt sold in garden centers. Do not use oil-based paints, thick tars or  
other materials containing petroleum solvents.  
MAINTAIN TREE HEALTH - The key to good wound closure following pruning is to maintain a healthy tree through  
proper watering, fertilizer application and pest control. Trees under stress from drought, over-watering, pest attack, lawn  
mower, and other mechanical damage, and poor nutrition cannot successfully fight off invasion of organisms.  
26  
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FELLING TREES  
Please note that felling a tree is more complicated than often expected. Take time  
to plan cuts, fall path and escape route before felling the tree. Electric powered  
units may not be suitable for felling some trees. Consider such factors as tree  
size and location, circuit breaker capacity, and weather and ground conditions to  
determine if an electric powered saw is appropriate. Refer to instructions on using  
an electric saw.  
WARNING! Call a professional tree-felling service to handle jobs that are  
SURVEY TREES BEFORE  
FELLING  
beyond your abilities and knowledge. This includes trees that are precariously  
located near power lines, homes, buildings, and public roads.  
PLANNING THE FALL - Check the tree and the weather for wind speed and  
direction. The trunk should be sound, not rotted and hollow. Look for branches,  
which might become free and fall on you during the cutting work. Wear a hard  
hat. Prepare the working area and clear your escape route. This route should be  
to the rear, but not straight back. Going more to the side is safer. Decide whether  
wind conditions plus the natural lean and balance of the tree will enable you to  
fell the tree in the desired direction. At any risk of a wrong-way fall, consider  
using a wedge to help start the tree in the right direction. If the trunk is too small  
in diameter for insertion of a wedge, consider tethering the tree. The tether line  
must be attached before cutting is begun.  
KEEP BODY AWAY FROM  
KICKBACK PATH  
NOTCHING FOR DIRECTIONAL CONTROL - Make two cuts on the side the  
tree is to fall. Make the bottom cut first, at 90 degrees to the intended line of fall  
and to a depth of 1/3 the trunk diameter. Then angle the top cut downward at a  
45-degree angle to intersect the first cut at the 1/3 trunk diameter depth. Remove  
the cut piece.  
UNCUT  
SIDE VIEW  
HINGE  
1ST CUT  
2"  
NOTCH  
DEPTH  
1/3 OF TRUNK  
BACK  
CUT  
BACK CUTTING AND HINGING - It is important to leave approximately a 2 inch  
(50 mm) wide strip of wood uncut between the notch and the back cut. This  
uncut strip acts as a “hinge” to determine the line of fall.  
DIAMETER  
2"  
2ND CUT  
Make the back cut at least 2 inches (51 mm) higher than the intersection of the  
notch.  
Make the back cut parallel to the base of the notch, but don’t cut all the way  
through to the notch. Leave a “hinge” strip of approximately 2 inches (51mm) so  
the notch and back cut are of equal thickness.  
USE  
WEDGES  
IF ROOMF  
WARNING! DO NOT CUT THROUGH THE HINGE!  
THE TREE CAN FALL THE WRONG WAY AND CAUSE  
PROPERTY DAMAGE, SERIOUS OR FATAL INJURY.  
NOTCH  
CUTS  
FIRST  
FALL  
ALL  
BACK CUT  
LAST  
90°  
LEAVE 2" HINGE  
27  
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FELLING TREES  
If the back cut is too low, or the “hinge” is cut through, the tree will not be  
under control of the “hinge” and may fall in any direction. Be ready to  
leave the chain saw and GET AWAY FAST, away from the tree’s falling  
direction!  
FALL  
When the tree does not lean in the desired felling direction, insert a  
plastic or wooden wedge into the back cut when there is room behind the  
saw blade. This will hold the cut open. Then complete cutting to the  
hinge (careful not to cut the wedge), and either continue cutting to fell the  
tree or hammer in the wedges to push the tree in the desired direction.  
45 °  
RETREAT  
PATH  
90°  
45°  
TETHERING - For good leverage, the tether line should be attached as  
high up the trunk as possible. Use a strong rope. (Do not use nylon rope  
because it stretches.) Run the rope in the planned direction of fall to a  
distance much greater than the height of the tree. Tugging or jerking on  
the tether line can cause the tree to sway, and fall backwards. Always  
maintain constant tension on the tree using a steady pull on the rope to  
prevent swaying.  
RETREAT  
PATH  
NOT THIS  
WAY  
DANGER! During felling, if a tree starts to lean and fall in an unintended direction, causing your saw to bind,  
LEAVE THE SAW! Be particularly careful as you get away from the tree’s precarious position. Beware of the  
direction it is going and do not cross the fall path. Do Not try to save the saw! The saw is replaceable- You are  
not!  
DANGER! HUNG TREE- When a tree gets hung on another and will not fall, ask for help from a trained  
experienced woodsman or tree felling service. This can become an extremely dangerous condition.  
WARNING! Check for broken or dead branches which can fall while cutting causing serious injury. Do not  
cut near buildings or electrical wires if you do not know the direction of tree fall, nor cut at night since you  
will not be able to see well, nor during bad weather such as rain, snow, or strong winds, etc. If the tree does  
make contact with any utility line, the utility company should be notified immediately. Carefully plan your  
sawing operation in advance. Clear the work area. You need a clear area all around the tree so you can have  
secure footing. The chain saw operator should keep on the uphill side of the terrain as the tree is likely to roll  
or slide down hill after it is felled.  
Study the natural conditions that can cause the tree to fall in a particular direction, such as:  
• The wind direction and speed.  
• The lean of the tree. The lean of a tree might not be apparent due to uneven or sloping terrain.  
Use a plumb or level to determine the direction of tree lean.  
• Weight and branches on one side.  
• Surrounding trees and obstacles.  
• Look for decay and rot. If the trunk is rotted, it can snap and fall toward the operator.  
• Make sure there is enough room for the tree to fall.  
• Maintain a distance of 2-1/2 tree lengths from the nearest person or other objects. Noise can drown out a warning call.  
• Remove dirt, stones, loose bark, nails, staples, and wire from the tree where cuts are to be made.  
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LIMBINGAND BUCKING  
WARNING! Do not walk on the trunk or in a log pile, or cut  
while standing on it.  
WARNING! Take extra care when walking around a log pile,  
especially if logs are debarked or wet and slippery.  
Determine how the log or limb is tensioned. Apply the methods  
discussed to avoid entrapment of the saw. If the chain becomes pinched  
in a bind, SHUT OFF THE ENGINE. Free the bind by lifting the limb. Use  
levers, poles, etc. for lifting. Avoid back injuries.  
DON’T CUT WHAT YOU  
ARE STANDING ON  
Do all the limbing with the Kick Guard ® device properly assembled on  
the guide bar nose. The only time bucking should be done without the  
Kick Guard ® device is when the tree trunk diameter exceeds the cutting  
capacity of the saw. When the trunk is held off the ground by its limbs,  
determine which of these are needed for support. Leave these while you  
cut off all the other limbs and branches. You will lose support of the limbs  
as sections of the trunk are bucked into logs. Roll some short logs under  
the trunk so you can continue off-the-ground bucking, which is easier  
than when the trunk is flat on the ground. Go to the high groundside of  
the trunk to buck off logs.  
KNOW HOW BRANCHES ARE STRESSED  
It may be necessary to bore into the middle of a log before the top or  
bottom is cut. Boring is a dangerous procedure where the bar tip guard  
cannot be used for protection. Be sure you have read about kickback in  
this manual and know how to avoid it before attempting to bore.  
LEAVE SUPPORT  
LIMBS UNTIL LAST  
USE SUPPORT LOG UNDER  
TRUNK  
WARNING! Boring should only be performed by trained professionals. There is danger of kickback  
during boring. Be sure to maintain proper control of the saw and keep your body away from the kickback  
path.  
Before starting the bore, use the bottom edge of the saw blade to cut into the side of the log at slow chain speed. When  
the bar has buried itself quite deeply into the log, gradually increase chain speed and shift cutting pressure to bore  
straight into the log. Once the bar is inside the log, you can cut downward to the bottom, and then finish by cutting  
upward through the holding wood at the top.  
Avoid sawing inside windfalls. Windfalls are tangled branches, roots and trees. Clean these out only by cutting from  
the perimeter, or by dragging logs and limbs into the clear before bucking.  
29  
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LIMBING AND BUCKING  
WARNING! Be alert for spring poles and stay clear of them during  
cutting. A spring pole can spring back suddenly when cut, or when the  
wood holding it down is cut away. A spring pole can strike you or deflect  
the moving saw chain into your body.  
Do not cut a tree in order to drop a tree that has lodged against it. Have lodged  
trees pulled down with proper power equipment.  
BE ALERT FOR  
SPRING POLES  
When a log diameter exceeding the bar length is flat on the ground with no room  
for an under buck, reach over the log and cut into the side. Then draw the saw  
over the top and over buck deeply enough to insert a wedge. Reinsert the saw  
and over-buck as far down as possible without letting the chain hit the dirt.  
Logs that are flat on the ground, and that are within the saw’s capacity to cut with  
one over-buck should be bucked as low to the ground as possible. Keep the Kick  
Guard ® device on the bar and use a wedge when necessary to hold the cut  
open. Then roll the log with a cant hook or pole to expose the bottom for cutting.  
DANGER!  
Cutting the trunk of a large tree that has a large root ball can cause the root  
ball to fall back into the ground, causing severe or fatal injury. Never allow  
anyone to be positioned in or around the root ball or the root ball hole.  
BEWARE OF ROOT PLATE  
SETTLING!!  
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FELLING VERY LARGE TREES  
Pertains to gasoline-powered saws only. Small gas powered saws and electric powered saws should not be  
used to fell very large trees. Only those that have been trained to cut very large trees should attempt these  
techniques.  
WARNING! Call a professional tree-felling service to handle jobs that are beyond your abilities and  
knowledge. This includes large trees, trees that are near power lines, homes, buildings and public roads.  
Timber of a diameter exceeding the length of the saw blade can be felled by using  
one of the following methods. To fell a leaning tree, see “Felling Extreme Leaners”  
below.  
DRAW-ACROSS METHOD  
DRAW-ACROSS METHOD - Standard procedures are used here, except that the  
cuts have to be extended from one side to the other when the blade doesn’t fit  
1
NOTCHING  
CUTS  
across the trunk.  
2
Start the lower cut of the notch by pivoting in from one corner to a depth of 1/3 trunk  
diameter. Then reverse the saw direction, reinsert saw in cut, and draw it across to  
the other corner. Complete the cut on that side. Do the same thing to make the  
intersecting top cut. Be careful to keep your body out of the kickback path when  
making this angled top cut. Remove the cut wood wedge.  
For the back cut, start at the corner at least 2 inches (51 mm) above the intersection  
of the notch. Plan to leave 10 to 12 percent of the trunk diameter uncut as a hinge.  
Pivot the saw from the back towards the hinge. Reverse saw direction, reinsert  
saw into the cut, and draw it across the back of the tree. Cut the other side to  
complete the felling cut and the hinge. Follow standard felling procedures from this  
point.  
3
5
4
FELLING CUTS  
WEDGES  
PLUNGE CUTTING METHOD - This method uses the same steps for notching  
and felling cuts as described in the “Draw-Across Method.”  
WARNING! Plunge cutting entails boring inside the tree. Be aware that  
START OF  
PLUNGE CUT  
OR BORE  
there is always a chance of kickback even when the plunge cut is expertly done.  
After notching the trunk, stand at the left and aim the saw at the middle of the notch  
intersection. Throttle up to a slow chain speed. Make contact at the middle with the  
bottom edge of the bar, NOT THE BAR NOSE!  
COMPLETION OF BORE  
1
Pivot the saw in to a depth of at least 6 inches (15 cm) before smoothly increasing  
speed to full throttle. Then gradually shift cutting angle and pressure to bore straight  
into the trunk. When all the way inside, hollow out the trunk. But do not cut away  
any more of the hinge wood than necessary. Now make the back cut to fell the  
tree.  
FELLING CUTS  
2
FELLING EXTREME “LEANERS” - Do not assume that the lean makes notching  
for directional control unnecessary. The notch is needed, but should not be as  
deep as the standard 1/3 diameter notch. Before back cutting, make some notches  
through the sapwood on both sides of the trunk to relieve some of the stress, which  
causes splitting. Stay on the alert for possible splitting, because a splitting tree is  
dangerous.  
4
3
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BOW SAW WARNING  
WARNING! ECHO does not recommend the use of bow saws. If you  
choose to attach a bow guide to an ECHO chain saw, and thus create a bow  
saw, you do so at your own risk. A bow guide attachment increases the risk of  
severe kickback and serious injury. Do not use a bow guide unless you have  
experience or specialized training. Do not remove guard(s) or spur(s) on the bow  
guide provided by the manufacturer. Do not rely on a chain brake to prevent or  
reduce an injury associated with the severity of a kickback from a bow saw.  
AVOID USING BOWSAWS  
Proper use of the bow guide’s spurs can prevent bow saw kickback. Do not rely on low kickback chain to reduce  
kickback when used with a bow saw, even though it may have qualified under ANSI B175. Low kickback chain is not  
effective in reducing the likelihood of a bow saw kick back.  
ELECTRIC CHAIN SAW SAFETY  
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS - There are added safety precautions that must be  
taken regarding electric chain saws:  
DANGER! To reduce the risk of electric shock or electrocution, never use  
an electric chain saw, or any other electrical device in rain, or in wet locations.  
Serious injury can occur due to electric shock or death by electrocution.  
WARNING! Do not use damaged extension cords with cuts. Inspect  
NEVER CUT IN WET CONDITIONS  
the electric cords before each use and replace them if damaged. Cord  
insulation must be intact with no cracks or deterioration. Use only  
polarized extension cords marked as suitable for outdoor appliances and  
in conjunction with qualified, tested Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter  
(GFCI) protected circuits. Do not use multiple cords. Plug connectors  
must be undamaged.  
WARNING! Always use qualified GFCI protected circuits when using  
electrical equipment outdoors. A ground fault interrupter in the power  
supply line will help prevent fatal shocks.  
USE TESTED GFCI CIRCUITS  
WARNING! Avoid unintentional starting of the chain saw by making  
sure the switch is off before plugging in the unit. Never tie the switch  
down in any fashion so as to lock the switch in position.  
WARNING! Never leave a plugged in unit unattended. It is always  
possible for a child or inexperienced user to wander up to the unit for  
experimentation or play.  
DAMAGED CORD  
AVOID USING  
WARNING! Do not abuse the electric cord. Never carry the chain saw  
by the cord. Do not yank the cord when disconnecting the unit or  
extension cord from power receptacles.  
WARNING! Keep electric cords away from heat, sharp edges, or any  
area that can increase the possibility of cutting the cord, and exposing  
operator or others to shock or electrocution.  
DON’T CARRY BY CORD  
32  
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ELECTRIC CHAIN SAW SAFETY  
The electric chain saw unit is made of a molded dielectric material that reduces the risk of electric shock to the  
operator. Broken or cracked housings or guards may not protect you.  
Do not operate the unit if housings or guards are damaged. Use only identical ECHO replacement parts when  
service is required. Use of non-identical parts may create an electrical hazard resulting in serious injury or death from  
electrocution.  
MINIMUM WIRE GAUGE  
RECOMMENDATIONS  
Be sure to use the correct size extension cord which is rated to carry  
current a specific distance. The electrical rating of the cord must not  
be less than the rating of the saw. A longer extension cord will require  
VOLTS  
120  
7.67 m 15.24 m 30.48 m  
a heavier gauge wire. An undersized extension cord will result in a  
drop in line voltage resulting in loss of power and overheating. Read  
your Operator’s Manual to find the recommended size of extension  
cord. The smaller the cord gauge number is  
(25 ft.)  
16  
(50 ft.)  
16  
(100 ft.)  
14  
A.W.G.* A.W.G.*  
A.W.G.*  
(AWG -American Wire Gauge), the heavier the wire gauge will be. If in  
doubt, use the next heavier gauge.  
*American Wire Gauge  
WARNING! Never drape the extension cord over the wood or log being  
cut. Keep the extension cord behind you to avoid the possibility of  
dangerous electric shock or electrocution. Keep the cord away from the  
chain. Work away from the power source allowing the cord to follow  
behind you. Do not touch the metal bar or chain if the chain saw blade has  
cut into the extension cord.  
To avoid motor overheating, remove all debris from the air vents located on the  
side of the motor housing. Always disconnect the plug before any servicing is  
performed on the unit, and when the unit is not in use. Do not leave a plugged in  
unit unattended.  
KEEP VENT CLEAR  
WARNING! Avoid dangerous situations. Do not use in the presence  
of flammable liquids or gases to avoid creating a fire or explosion and/  
or causing damage to unit.  
WARNING! When using a gasoline powered generator as a power  
source for the chain saw, always read the generator Operator’s Manual  
to learn proper grounding techniques. An improperly grounded  
generator could cause serious injury from electric shock, or death by  
electrocution. Never use a generator indoors. Use only in outdoor  
areas with adequate ventilation.  
WATCH OUT FOR  
SHARP EDGES  
Avoid accidental pullout of plug from extension cord. Tie a loose knot with the  
chain saw power cord and the extension cord. The loop in the knot will reduce  
the likelihood of plug disconnection.  
KNOT CORD TO PREVENT  
UNPLUGGING  
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GLOSSARY OF CHAIN SAW TERMS  
GASOLINE POWERED UNIT TERMS  
BOW GUIDE - A guide bar (see definition below) with a large  
open center used by some professional pulpwood loggers.  
THROTTLE TRIGGER - Located in the rear handle, it is used  
to control the speed of the engine.  
THROTTLE TRIGGER LATCH BUTTON - The control used to  
set the throttle for a fast idle speed, required to start a cold  
engine. The throttle can be unlatched by squeezing the throttle  
trigger.  
DANGER! ECHO warns against the use of a bow guide  
on your ECHO chain saw. A bow guide increases the risk of  
severe kickback and serious injury. Do not use a bow guide  
unless you have experience or specialized training.  
BRUSHING OUT - Cutting or otherwise removing undergrowth  
and brush in the cutting area and along the planned path of  
retreat.  
THROTTLE TRIGGER LOCKOUT LEVER - A safety lever on  
the top of the rear handle which must be depressed before the  
throttle trigger can be activated. When the operator lets go of  
the rear handle, the throttle will be locked in idle position.  
BUCKING - Generally the standard cross cuts made to section  
a log or felled tree. Variations include over bucking (cutting from  
top down) and under bucking (from underside).  
THROTTLING BACK - Releasing the throttle trigger to allow a  
decrease in engine speed (rpm).  
BUMPER - The front of the power head and guide bar cover  
used as a work stop and/or pivot point when pivoting the saw  
blade into the wood.  
THROTTLING UP - Depressing the throttle trigger to allow an  
increase in engine speed (rpm).  
ELECTRIC POWERED UNIT TERMS  
BUMPER SPIKE - An optional spiked stop plate for holding the  
chain saw steady against the wood, preferred by some chain  
saw users during felling operations.  
DIELECTRIC MATERIAL -Amaterial that reduces the likelihood  
of shock or electrocution by providing protection against current  
flow through the chain saw housing to the operator.  
CANT HOOK - A combination hook and lever tool for rolling  
and positioning logs.  
GAUGE - a term that is used to describe the size of wire required  
when using extension cord with electric units over specific  
distances.  
CHAIN CATCHER - A projection designed to reduce the risk of  
the operator’s right hand from being hit by a chain, which has  
broken or derailed from the guide bar during cutting.  
GFCI - Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter. An electrical circuit  
breaking device which provides protection against electrical  
shock hazards.  
CHAIN TENSIONER - The device which permits precise  
adjustment of the chain tension.  
THROTTLE TRIGGER/STOP SWITCH - An electrical switch,  
which allows the motor to start and run, prevents the motor from  
running, and turns the motor off. Refer to Operator’s Manual to  
learn and understand the stop and start Procedure.  
CHAPS - Specially designed leg protection, which can reduce  
the risk of injury due to contact with a moving saw chain.  
CHOKE - The engine control used to enrich the fuel mixture for  
cold starting.  
GASOLINE AND ELECTRIC UNIT TERMS  
BALLISTIC - A special material used in protection devices  
designed to reduce the risk of penetration from chain contact.  
CLEARING - Removing undergrowth and saplings from an area  
with a chain saw.  
BINDING - Closing of the cut or shifting of the wood, possibly  
trapping the saw blade in the cut. Binding includes pinching.  
(Also, see PINCH.)  
COMPUTED KICKBACK ANGLE (CKA) - The angle that is  
computed from testing on a kickback-test machine in  
conformance with ANSI B175.1 Standard testing procedures.  
FAN COVER - The air intake grille. It covers the cooling fan and  
also contains part of the starter assembly.  
BORING - A process of using the lower part of the bar nose  
and chain to penetrate the middle of a log or tree. Boring can  
keep the wood from splitting and the guide bar from binding  
as the cut is continued either up or down from the middle. But  
this is an extremely dangerous operation with a high kickback  
potential, and should not be attempted by untrained or  
inexperienced operators.  
FELLING BACK CUT - The final cut or series of cuts made to  
complete the hinge and fell the tree.  
FOLLOW THROUGH - After the chain saw completes a cut and  
is no longer supported by the wood, an uncontrolled chain saw  
can continue on its path and strike the legs, feet or body of the  
operator.  
34  
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GLOSSARY OF CHAIN SAW TERMS  
FRONT HAND GUARD - This required device is intended to  
reduce the operator’s risk of injury from projecting branches  
and saw-chain contact with the left hand in the event the operator  
loses his grip from the upper part of the handle. Do not operate  
a chain saw with a loose or broken hand guard.  
PINCH - Specifically the closing-in of the wood which  
pinches and stops the chain along the top rails of the guide bar  
during a cut. This can result in the chain saw being propelled  
straight back toward the operator (called a Linear Kickback).  
Pinch can also occur on the lower rails of the bar, resulting in  
the chain saw being pulled away from the operator.  
GUIDE BAR - The railed structure that supports and guides the  
saw chain.  
PLUNGE CUTTING - Another term for Boring with a chain saw.  
See definition of Boring.  
HINGE - Uncut wood which holds the tree from twisting off the  
stump and guides or “hinges” its fall. The hinge is formed by  
making the back cut towards the directional control notch,  
coming approximately parallel to the notch but no closer than  
about 2 inches (about 51 mm) away.  
PRUNING - The process of trimming branches on a living tree.  
PUSH AND PULL - When cutting is done along the bottom rails  
of the guide bar, the reaction on the saw is a pull away from the  
operator. When the top of the guide bar is used, the reaction  
pushes the saw towards the operator. Both are normal reactions  
which must be controlled by the operator.  
KERF- The groove opening produced by the chain saw.  
KICKBACK - The general term describing two highly dangerous  
reactions which can occur. When used alone in this manual,  
the term “kickback” refers to rotational kickback. To prevent  
kickback, keep the bar nose properly covered with the Kick  
REDUCED-KICKBACK GUIDE BAR - Guide bars which are  
recognized by the ANSI Standard B175.1 as having as small or  
reduced radius nose to reduce the potential kickback area.  
Guard® device. If the Kick Guard® device is absent, kickback  
can occur if the unshielded bar nose touches an object or the  
ground.  
REDUCED-KICKBACK SAW CHAIN - Saw chain which has  
been demonstrated to reduce kickback on a selected group of  
chain saw models during ANSI testing. Before using “reduced  
kickback” chain, ask your ECHO dealer to determine if your  
chain saw can accommodate “reduced-kickback” chain and still  
meet the 45-degree CKA requirement.  
ROTATIONAL KICKBACK - The violent reaction which can  
occur when the chain at the upper section of the nose is suddenly  
stopped or impeded, thereby dangerously driving the bar nose  
in an upward arc toward the operator.  
SCABBARD - A sheath to cover the chain and bar during  
transport and at other times when the saw is not in use.  
LINEAR KICKBACK - A push reaction, which can occur under  
certain conditions with the guide bar buried in the cut when the  
cut closes, pinching the chain along the top rails of the guide  
bar and propelling the chain saw  
SCYTHING - A sweeping, close-to-ground action with the saw  
blade to remove brush and weeds. Scything must not be done  
without the protection provided by the Kick GuardTM device.  
straight back toward the operator.  
SIDE LINE - Attached to a tether line, it is pulled at a 90 degree  
angle to the tether line.  
KICK GUARD® DEVICE - The ECHO brand name for its anti-  
kickback device which covers the bar nose. The generic name  
for such a device is “bar tip guard.”  
SKATING - When the chain saw fails to dig in during a cut, the  
guide bar can begin hopping or dangerously skidding along the  
surface of the log or branch, possibly resulting in the loss of  
control of the chain saw. To prevent or reduce skating, properly  
hold the chain saw with two hands and make sure the saw chain  
has established a groove for cutting.  
LIMBING - The process employing cuts to remove limbs from a  
tree.  
LOW-KICKBACK SAW CHAIN - A saw chain which has been  
demonstrated to meet the kickback requirements of ANSI  
Standard B 175.1 on a representative sample of chain saws.  
TETHER LINE - A rope, chain or cable tied high up on a tree  
trunk for leverage, and used to tether the tree against a backward  
fall and to exert a steady pull to ensure the tree’s proper fall.  
Tethering can be dangerous if improperly executed, such as if  
a tether line is not strong enough to withstand the pull, or the  
available pulling force is inadequate.  
FELLING NOTCH - A vee or other shape cutout made at right  
angles to the desired line of fall on the side the tree is to fall.  
SIDE NOTCH - A cut made on one or both sides of the trunk  
either to reduce the chance of splitting, or as part of the Apple  
Core Method.  
35  
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ECHO, INCORPORATED  
400 OAKWOOD ROAD LAKE ZURICH, IL 60047  
PHONE: (847) 540-8400  
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