E
fx-9860G SD
fx-9860G
User’s Guide
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
BEFORE USING THE CALCULATOR
FOR THE FIRST TIME...
This calculator does not contain any main batteries when you purchase it. Be sure to
perform the following procedure to load batteries, reset the calculator, and adjust the
contrast before trying to use the calculator for the first time.
1. Making sure that you do not accidently press the o key, slide the case onto the
calculator and then turn the calculator over. Remove the back cover from the calculator
by pulling with your finger at the point marked 1.
1
2. Load the four batteries that come with the calculator.
•
Make sure that the positive (+) and negative (–) ends of the batteries are facing
correctly.
3. Remove the insulating sheet at the location marked “BACK UP” by pulling in the
direction indicated by the arrow.
4. Replace the back cover, making sure that its tabs enter the holes marked 2 and turn
the calculator front side up. The calculator will turn on automatically and the MAIN
MENU will appear on the display.
2
20060601
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
•
If the Main Menu shown to the right is not on the display,
open the back cover and press the P button located
inside of the battery compartment.
P button
5. Use the cursor keys (f, c, d, e) to select the SYSTEM icon and press
w, then press 1(
) to display the contrast adjustment screen.
6. Adjust the contrast.
•
•
•
The e cursor key makes display contrast darker.
The d cursor key makes display contrast lighter.
1(INIT) returns display contrast to its initial default.
7. To exit display contrast adjustment, press m.
20060601
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
Quick-Start
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
1
Quick-Start
Quick-Start
Welcome to the world of graphing calculators.
Quick-Start is not a complete tutorial, but it takes you through many of the most common
functions, from turning the power on, and on to graphing complex equations. When
you’re done, you’ll have mastered the basic operation of this calculator and will be ready
to proceed with the rest of this user’s guide to learn the entire spectrum of functions
available.
Each step of the examples in Quick-Start is shown graphically to help you follow along
quickly and easily. When you need to enter the number 57, for example, we’ve indi-
cated it as follows:
Press fh.
Whenever necessary, we’ve included samples of what your screen should look like.
If you find that your screen doesn’t match the sample, you can restart from the begin-
ning by pressing the “All Clear” button o.
TURNING POWER ON AND OFF
To turn power on, press o.
OFF
o
To turn power off, press !
.
Calculator power turns off automatically if you do not perform any operation within the
Auto Power Off trigger time you specify. You can specify either six minutes or 60
minutes as the trigger time.
USING MODES
This calculator makes it easy to perform a wide range of calculations by simply
selecting the appropriate mode. Before getting into actual calculations and operation
examples, let’s take a look at how to navigate around the modes.
•
To select the RUN MAT mode
1. Press m to display the Main Menu.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
2
Quick-Start
•
2. Use defc to highlight RUN MAT
and then press w.
•
This is the initial screen of the RUN MAT mode,
where you can perform manual calculations,
matrix calculations, and run programs.
BASIC CALCULATIONS
With manual calculations, you input formulas from left to right, just as they are written
on paper. With formulas that include mixed arithmetic operators and parentheses, the
calculator automatically applies true algebraic logic to calculate the result.
Example: 15 × 3 + 61
1. Press o to clear the calculator.
2. Pressbf*d+gbw.
Parentheses Calculations
Example: 15 × (3 + 61)
1. Pressbf*(d
+gb)w.
Built-In Functions
This calculator includes a number of built-in scientific functions, including trigonometric
and logarithmic functions.
Example: 25 × sin 45˚
Important!
Be sure that you specify Deg (degrees) as the angle unit before you try this
example.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
3
Quick-Start
SET UP
1. Press!m to display the Setup screen.
2. Presscccccc1(Deg)
to specify degrees as the angle unit.
3. PressJ to clear the menu.
4. Presso to clear the unit.
5. Presscf*sefw.
REPLAY FEATURE
With the replay feature, simply press dor eto recall the last calculation that
was performed so you can make changes or re-execute it as it is.
Example: To change the calculation in the last example from (25 × sin 45˚) to
(25 × sin 55˚)
1. Press d to display the last calculation.
2. Press d to move the cursor (
3. Press D to delete 4.
4. Press f.
I) to the right side of 4.
5. Press w to execute the calculation again.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
4
Quick-Start
FRACTION CALCULATIONS
You can use the $ key to input fractions into calculations. The symbol “ { ” is used
to separate the various parts of a fraction.
31
37
Example:
/
16
+
/
9
1. Presso.
2. Pressdb$bg+
dh$jw.
Indicates 871
/
144
Converting an Improper Fraction to a Mixed Fraction
<
While an improper fraction is shown on the display, press !Mto convert it to a
mixed fraction.
<
Press !Magain to convert back to an improper fraction.
Converting a Fraction to Its Decimal Equivalent
While a fraction is shown on the display, press Mto convert it to its decimal
equivalent.
Press Magain to convert back to a fraction.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
5
Quick-Start
EXPONENTS
Example: 1250 × 2.065
1. Presso.
2. Pressbcfa*c.ag.
3. PressM and the ^ indicator appears on the display.
4. Pressf. The ^5 on the display indicates that 5 is an exponent.
5. Pressw.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
6
Quick-Start
GRAPH FUNCTIONS
The graphing capabilities of this calculator makes it possible to draw complex graphs
using either rectangular coordinates (horizontal axis: x ; vertical axis: y) or polar
coordinates (angle: θ ; distance from origin: r).
All of the following graphing examples are performed starting from the calculator setup
in effect immediately following a reset operation.
Example 1: To graph Y = X(X + 1)(X – 2)
1. Press m.
2. Use defc to highlight
GRAPH, and then press w.
3. Input the formula.
v(v+b)
(v-c)w
4. Press 6(DRAW) or w to draw the graph.
Example 2: To determine the roots of Y = X(X + 1)(X – 2)
1. Press !5(G-SLV).
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
7
Quick-Start
2. Press 1(ROOT).
Press e for other roots.
Example 3: Determine the area bounded by the origin and the X = –1 root obtained
for Y = X(X + 1)(X – 2)
1. Press !5(G-SLV)6(g).
2. Press 3(∫dx).
3. Use dto move the pointer to the location where
X = –1, and then press w. Next, use e to
move the pointer to the location where X = 0, and
then press
to input the integration range,
w
which becomes shaded on the display.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
8
Quick-Start
DUAL GRAPH
With this function you can split the display between two areas and display two graph
windows.
Example: To draw the following two graphs and determine the points of intersection
Y1 = X(X + 1)(X – 2)
Y2 = X + 1.2
SET UP
1. Press !mcc1(G+G)
to specify “G+G” for the Dual Screen setting.
2. Press J, and then input the two functions.
v(v+b)
(v-c)w
v+b.cw
3. Press 6(DRAW) or w to draw the graphs.
Box Zoom
Use the Box Zoom function to specify areas of a graph for enlargement.
1. Press !2(ZOOM) 1(BOX).
2. Use d e f c to move the pointer
to one corner of the area you want to specify and
then press
.
w
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
9
Quick-Start
3. Use d e f c to move the pointer
again. As you do, a box appears on the display.
Move the pointer so the box encloses the area
you want to enlarge.
4. Press w, and the enlarged area appears in the
inactive (right side) screen.
DYNAMIC GRAPH
Dynamic Graph lets you see how the shape of a graph is affected as the value
assigned to one of the coefficients of its function changes.
Example: To draw graphs as the value of coefficientAin the following function changes
from 1 to 3
Y = AX2
1. Press m.
2. Use d e f c to highlight DYNA,
and then press w.
3. Input the formula.
A
v
a
vxw
12356
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
10
Quick-Start
4. Press 4(VAR) bw to assign an initial value
of 1 to coefficient A.
5. Press 2(SET) bwdwb
wto specify the range and increment of change
in coefficient A.
6. Press J.
7. Press 6(DYNA) to start Dynamic Graph drawing.
The graphs are drawn 10 times.
• To interrupt an ongoing Dynamic Graph drawing
operation, press o.
↓
↓↑
↓↑
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
11
Quick-Start
TABLE FUNCTION
The Table Function makes it possible to generate a table of solutions as different
values are assigned to the variables of a function.
Example: To create a number table for the following function
Y = X (X+1) (X–2)
1. Press m.
2. Use defc to highlight
TABLE, and then press w.
3. Input the formula.
v(v+b)
(v-c)w
4. Press 6(TABL) to generate the number
table.
To learn all about the many powerful features of this calculator, read on and explore!
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
Precautions when Using this Product
A progress bar and/or a busy indicator appear on the display whenever the calculator is
performing a calculation, writing to memory (including Flash memory), or reading from
memory (including Flash memory).
Busy indicator
Progress bar
Never press the P button or remove the batteries from the calculator when the progress bar
or busy indicator is on the display. Doing so can cause memory contents to be lost and can
cause malfunction of the calculator.
This calculator is equipped with Flash memory for data storage. It is recommended that you
always backup your data to Flash memory. For details about the backup procedure, see
“12-7 MEMORY Mode” in the User’s Guide.
You can also transfer data to a computer using the Program-Link software (FA-124) that
comes bundled with the calculator. The Program-Link software can also be used to backup
data to a computer.
u fx-9860G SD only
If the message “No Card” appears even though an SD card is loaded in the SD card slot, it
means that the calculator is not recognizing the card for some reason. Try removing the card
and then loading it again. If this does not work, contact the developer of the SD card. Note
that some SD cards may not be compatible with this calculator.
Precautions when Connecting to a
Computer
A special USB driver must be installed on your computer in order to connect to the calculator.
The driver is installed along with the Program-Link software (FA-124) that comes bundled
with the calculator. Be sure to install the Program-Link software (FA-124) on your computer
before trying to connect the calculator. Attempting to connect the calculator to a computer
that does not have the Program-Link software installed can cause malfunction. For
information about how to install the Program-Link software, see the User’s Guide on the
bundled CD-ROM.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
Handling Precautions
• Your calculator is made up of precision components. Never try to take it apart.
• Avoid dropping your calculator and subjecting it to strong impact.
• Do not store the calculator or leave it in areas exposed to high temperatures or humidity, or
large amounts of dust. When exposed to low temperatures, the calculator may require more
time to display results and may even fail to operate. Correct operation will resume once the
calculator is brought back to normal temperature.
• The display will go blank and keys will not operate during calculations. When you are operating
the keyboard, be sure to watch the display to make sure that all your key operations are being
performed correctly.
• Replace the main batteries once every one year regardless of how much the calculator is used
during that period. Never leave dead batteries in the battery compartment. They can leak and
damage the unit.
• Keep batteries out of the reach of small children. If swallowed, consult a physician immediately.
• Avoid using volatile liquids such as thinner or benzine to clean the unit. Wipe it with a soft, dry
cloth, or with a cloth that has been moistened with a solution of water and a neutral detergent
and wrung out.
• Always be gentle when wiping dust off the display to avoid scratching it.
• In no event will the manufacturer and its suppliers be liable to you or any other person for any
damages, expenses, lost profits, lost savings or any other damages arising out of loss of data
and/or formulas arising out of malfunction, repairs, or battery replacement. It is up to you to
prepare physical records of data to protect against such data loss.
• Never dispose of batteries, the liquid crystal panel, or other components by burning them.
• Be sure that the power switch is set to OFF when replacing batteries.
• If the calculator is exposed to a strong electrostatic charge, its memory contents may be
damaged or the keys may stop working. In such a case, perform the Reset operation to clear
the memory and restore normal key operation.
• If the calculator stops operating correctly for some reason, use a thin, pointed object to press
the P button on the back of the calculator. Note, however, that this clears all the data in
calculator memory.
• Note that strong vibration or impact during program execution can cause execution to stop or
can damage the calculator’s memory contents.
• Using the calculator near a television or radio can cause interference with TV or radio reception.
• Before assuming malfunction of the unit, be sure to carefully reread this user’s guide and ensure
that the problem is not due to insufficient battery power, programming or operational errors.
• Battery life can be reduced dramatically by certain operations and by the use of certain types of
SD cards.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
Be sure to keep physical records of all important data!
Low battery power or incorrect replacement of the batteries that power the unit can cause the
data stored in memory to be corrupted or even lost entirely. Stored data can also be affected by
strong electrostatic charge or strong impact. It is up to you to keep back up copies of data to
protect against its loss.
In no event shall CASIO Computer Co., Ltd. be liable to anyone for special, collateral, incidental,
or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the purchase or use of these
materials. Moreover, CASIO Computer Co., Ltd. shall not be liable for any claim of any kind
whatsoever against the use of these materials by any other party.
• The contents of this user’s guide are subject to change without notice.
• No part of this user’s guide may be reproduced in any form without the express written
consent of the manufacturer.
• The options described in Chapter 12 of this user’s guide may not be available in certain
geographic areas. For full details on availability in your area, contact your nearest CASIO
dealer or distributor.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
1
Contents
Contents
Chapter 1 Basic Operation
1-1 Keys ................................................................................................. 1-1-1
1-2 Display.............................................................................................. 1-2-1
1-3 Inputting and Editing Calculations .................................................... 1-3-1
1-4 Option (OPTN) Menu ....................................................................... 1-4-1
1-5 Variable Data (VARS) Menu ............................................................. 1-5-1
1-6 Program (PRGM) Menu ................................................................... 1-6-1
1-7 Using the Setup Screen ................................................................... 1-7-1
1-8 Using Screen Capture ...................................................................... 1-8-1
1-9 When you keep having problems… ................................................. 1-9-1
Chapter 2 Manual Calculations
2-1 Basic Calculations ............................................................................ 2-1-1
2-2 Special Functions ............................................................................. 2-2-1
2-3 Specifying the Angle Unit and Display Format ................................. 2-3-1
2-4 Function Calculations ....................................................................... 2-4-1
2-5 Numerical Calculations..................................................................... 2-5-1
2-6 Complex Number Calculations ......................................................... 2-6-1
2-7 Binary, Octal, Decimal, and Hexadecimal Calculations
with Integers ..................................................................................... 2-7-1
2-8 Matrix Calculations ........................................................................... 2-8-1
Chapter 3 List Function
3-1 Inputting and Editing a List ............................................................... 3-1-1
3-2 Manipulating List Data ...................................................................... 3-2-1
3-3 Arithmetic Calculations Using Lists .................................................. 3-3-1
3-4 Switching Between List Files ............................................................ 3-4-1
Chapter 4 Equation Calculations
4-1 Simultaneous Linear Equations........................................................ 4-1-1
4-2 Quadratic and Cubic Equations........................................................ 4-2-1
4-3 Solve Calculations ............................................................................ 4-3-1
4-4 What to Do When an Error Occurs................................................... 4-4-1
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
2
Contents
Chapter 5 Graphing
5-1 Sample Graphs ................................................................................ 5-1-1
5-2 Controlling What Appears on a Graph Screen ................................. 5-2-1
5-3 Drawing a Graph .............................................................................. 5-3-1
5-4 Storing a Graph in Picture Memory .................................................. 5-4-1
5-5 Drawing Two Graphs on the Same Screen ...................................... 5-5-1
5-6 Manual Graphing .............................................................................. 5-6-1
5-7 Using Tables ..................................................................................... 5-7-1
5-8 Dynamic Graphing............................................................................ 5-8-1
5-9 Graphing a Recursion Formula ........................................................ 5-9-1
5-10 Changing the Appearance of a Graph ............................................ 5-10-1
5-11 Function Analysis ........................................................................... 5-11-1
Chapter 6 Statistical Graphs and Calculations
6-1 Before Performing Statistical Calculations ....................................... 6-1-1
6-2 Calculating and Graphing Single-Variable Statistical Data............... 6-2-1
6-3 Calculating and Graphing Paired-Variable Statistical Data .............. 6-3-1
6-4 Performing Statistical Calculations ................................................... 6-4-1
6-5 Tests ................................................................................................. 6-5-1
6-6 Confidence Interval .......................................................................... 6-6-1
6-7 Distribution ....................................................................................... 6-7-1
Chapter 7 Financial Calculation (TVM)
7-1 Before Performing Financial Calculations ........................................ 7-1-1
7-2 Simple Interest ................................................................................. 7-2-1
7-3 Compound Interest ........................................................................... 7-3-1
7-4 Cash Flow (Investment Appraisal).................................................... 7-4-1
7-5 Amortization ..................................................................................... 7-5-1
7-6 Interest Rate Conversion.................................................................. 7-6-1
7-7 Cost, Selling Price, Margin ............................................................... 7-7-1
7-8 Day/Date Calculations ...................................................................... 7-8-1
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
3
Contents
Chapter 8 Programming
8-1 Basic Programming Steps ................................................................ 8-1-1
8-2 PRGM Mode Function Keys ............................................................. 8-2-1
8-3 Editing Program Contents ................................................................ 8-3-1
8-4 File Management.............................................................................. 8-4-1
8-5 Command Reference ....................................................................... 8-5-1
8-6 Using Calculator Functions in Programs .......................................... 8-6-1
8-7 PRGM Mode Command List ............................................................ 8-7-1
8-8 Program Library................................................................................ 8-8-1
Chapter 9 Spreadsheet
9-1 Spreadsheet Overview ..................................................................... 9-1-1
9-2 File Operations and Re-calculation .................................................. 9-2-1
9-3 Basic Spreadsheet Screen Operations ............................................ 9-3-1
9-4 Inputting and Editing Cell Data ......................................................... 9-4-1
9-5 S • SHT Mode Commands................................................................ 9-5-1
9-6 Statistical Graphs ............................................................................. 9-6-1
9-7 Using the CALC Function ................................................................. 9-7-1
9-8 Using Memory in the S • SHT Mode ................................................. 9-8-1
Chapter 10 eActivity
10-1 eActivity Overview ........................................................................ 10-1-1
10-2 Working with eActivity Files.......................................................... 10-2-1
10-3 Inputting and Editing eActivity File Data....................................... 10-3-1
10-4 Using Matrix Editor and List Editor ............................................... 10-4-1
10-5 eActivity File Memory Usage Screen ........................................... 10-5-1
Chapter 11 System Settings Menu
11-1 Using the System Settings Menu ................................................. 11-1-1
11-2 System Settings ........................................................................... 11-2-1
11-3 Version List................................................................................... 11-3-1
11-4 Reset ............................................................................................ 11-4-1
Chapter 12 Data Communications
12-1 Connecting Two Units .................................................................. 12-1-1
12-2 Connecting the Unit to a Personal Computer............................... 12-2-1
12-3 Performing a Data Communication Operation ............................. 12-3-1
12-4 Data Communications Precautions .............................................. 12-4-1
12-5 Image Transfer ............................................................................. 12-5-1
12-6 Add-ins ......................................................................................... 12-6-1
12-7 MEMORY Mode ........................................................................... 12-7-1
2006506401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
4
Contents
Chapter 13 Using SD Cards (fx-9860G SD only)
13-1 Using an SD Card ........................................................................ 13-1-1
13-2 Formatting an SD Card ................................................................ 13-2-1
13-3 SD Card Precautions during Use ................................................. 13-3-1
Appendix
1
2
3
4
5
6
Error Message Table........................................................................... α-1-1
Input Ranges .......................................................................................α-2-1
Specifications.......................................................................................α-3-1
Key Index .............................................................................................α-4-1
P Button (In case of hang up) ............................................................. α-5-1
Power Supply.......................................................................................α-6-1
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
Getting Acquainted
— Read This First!
About this User’s Guide
u!x(
)
20050401
0-1-1
Getting Acquainted
uGraphs
5-1-1
Sample Graphs
5-1-2
Sample Graphs
As a general rule, graph operations are shown on
facing pages, with actual graph examples on the right
hand page. You can produce the same graph on your
calculator by performing the steps under the Procedure
above the graph.
5-1 Sample Graphs
Example
To graph
y
=
3x2
Procedure
k
How to drawa simple graph(1)
Description
draw graph, simply input the applicable function.
1
2
3
m
GRAPH
dvxw
To
a
6(DRAW) (or w)
Result Screen
Set Up
1. From the Main Menu, enter the GRAPH Mode.
Execution
2. Input the function you want to graph.
Here you would use the V-Window to specify the range and other parameters of the
graph. See 5-2-1.
3. Draw the graph.
Look for the type of graph you want on the right hand
page, and then go to the page indicated for that graph.
The steps under “Procedure” always use initial RESET
settings.
#
Pressing graph is on the display
will return to the screen in step 2.
A
while
a
20050301
20050301
The step numbers in the “Set Up” and “Execution” sections on the left hand page
correspond to the “Procedure” step numbers on the right hand page.
Example:
Left hand page
Right hand page
3. Draw the graph.
3 5(DRAW)(or w)
uCommand List
The PRGM Mode Command List (page 8-7) provides a graphic flowchart of the various
function key menus and shows how to maneuver to the menu of commands you need.
Example: The following operation displays Xfct: [VARS]-[FACT]-[Xfct]
uPage Contents
Three-part page numbers are centered at the top of
each page. The page number “1-2-3”, for example,
indicates Chapter 1, Section 2, page 3.
1-2-2
1-2-3
Display
1-2-2
Display
Display
1-2-3
Display
Icon
Mode Name
Description
k
About the Function Menu
S
•
SHT
Use this mode to perform spreadsheet calculations. Each file
(Spreadsheet)
contains 26-column 999-line spreadsheet. In addition to
a
⋅
Use the function keys (1 to 6) to access the menus and commands in the menu bar
along the bottom of the display screen. You can tell whether
command by its appearance.
the calculator’s built-in commands and SHT mode
S
•
a
menu bar item is
a
menu or
a
commands, you can also perform statistical calculations and
graph statistical data using the same procedures that you use
in the STAT mode.
•
Next Menu
GRAPH
Use this mode to store graph functions and to draw graphs
using the functions.
Example:
Selecting
displays
a
menu of hyperbolic functions.
DYNA
Use this mode to store graph functions and to draw multiple
(Dynamic Graph)
versions of
variables in
a
a
graph by changing the values assigned to the
function.
•
Command Input
TABLE
Use this mode to store functions, to generate numeric
table of different solutions as the values assigned to
variables in function change, and to draw graphs.
a
Example:
Selecting
a
inputs the sinh command.
RECUR
(Recursion)
Use this mode to store recursion formulas, to generate
numeric table of different solutions as the values assigned to
variables in function change, and to draw graphs.
a
•
Direct Command Execution
a
Example:
Selecting
CONICS
Use this mode to draw graphs of conic sections.
executes the DRAW command.
EQUA
(Equation)
Use this mode to solve linear equations with two through six
unknowns, quadratic equations, and cubic equations.
k
About Display Screens
PRGM
(Program)
Use this mode to store programs in the program area and to
run programs.
This calculator uses two types of display screens:
a
text screen and
a
graph screen. The text
screen can show 21 columns and
function key menu. The graph screen uses an area that measures 127 (W)
8
lines of characters, with the bottom line used for the
63 (H) dots.
⋅
TVM
(Financial)
Use this mode to perform financial calculations and to draw
cash flow and other types of graphs. to make
T
e
x
t
S
c
r
e
e
n
G
r
a
p
h
S
c
r
e
e
n
LINK
Use this mode to transfer memory contents or back-up data
to another unit or PC.
MEMORY
SYSTEM
Use this mode to manage data stored in memory
.
Use this mode to initialize memory adjust contrast, and to
,
make other system settings.
The contents of each type of screen are stored in independent memory areas.
Press !6(G T) to switch between the graph screen and text screen.
20050401
20050401
uSupplementary Information
Supplementary information is shown at the bottom of each page in a “
(Notes)” block.
indicates a note about a term that appears in the same page as the note.
*
# indicates a note that provides general information about topic covered in the same section
as the note.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
1
Chapter
Basic Operation
1-1 Keys
1-2 Display
1-3 Inputting and Editing Calculations
1-4 Option (OPTN) Menu
1-5 Variable Data (VARS) Menu
1-6 Program (PRGM) Menu
1-7 Using the Setup Screen
1-8 Using Screen Capture
1-9 When you keep having problems…
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
1-1-1
Keys
1-1 Keys
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
1-1-2
Keys
k Key Table
Page
5-11-1
Page
5-2-7
Page
Page
Page
5-11-9
Page
1-2-3
5-2-1
5-10-1
1-6-1
1-5-1
1-7-1
1-2-1
1-1-3
1-1-3
1-4-1
2-4-7
2-4-7
2-4-5
2-4-5
2-4-5
2-4-5
2-4-5
2-4-5
2-4-4
2-4-4
2-4-4
2-4-4
2-4-4
2-4-4
2-4-10
2-4-10
2-4-12
2-4-11
2-4-7
2-1-1
2-4-7
2-1-1
10-3-13
10-3-12
2-2-1
Page
Page
Page
1-3-7
Page
Page
1-8-1
1-3-5
1-3-2
1-3-1
1-3-7
3-1-2
2-1-1
2-1-1
2-1-1
2-1-1
2-8-11
2-6-2
2-4-4
2-1-1
2-2-5
2-1-1
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
1-1-3
Keys
k Key Markings
Many of the calculator’s keys are used to perform more than one function. The functions
marked on the keyboard are color coded to help you find the one you need quickly and
easily.
Function
Key Operation
1
2
3
log
10x
B
l
!l
al
The following describes the color coding used for key markings.
Color
Orange
Red
Key Operation
Press ! and then the key to perform the marked function.
Press a and then the key to perform the marked function.
#
Alpha Lock
Normally, once you press a and then a key
to input an alphabetic character, the keyboard
reverts to its primary functions immediately.
If you press ! and then a, the keyboard
locks in alpha input until you press a again.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
1-2-1
Display
1-2 Display
k Selecting Icons
This section describes how to select an icon in the Main Menu to enter the mode you want.
u To select an icon
1. Press m to display the Main Menu.
2. Use the cursor keys (d, e, f, c) to move the highlighting to the icon you want.
Currently selected icon
3. Press w to display the initial screen of the mode whose icon you selected.
Here we will enter the STAT mode.
• You can also enter a mode without highlighting an icon in the Main Menu by inputting the
number or letter marked in the lower right corner of the icon.
The following explains the meaning of each icon.
Icon
Mode Name
Description
•
RUN MAT
Use this mode for arithmetic calculations and function
calculations, and for calculations involving binary, octal,
decimal, and hexadecimal values and matrices.
•
(Run Matrix)
STAT
(Statistics)
Use this mode to perform single-variable (standard deviation)
and paired-variable (regression) statistical calculations, to
perform tests, to analyze data and to draw statistical graphs.
•
e ACT
eActivity lets you input text, math expressions, and other data
in a notebook-like interface. Use this mode when you want to
store text or formulas, or built-in application data in a file.
(eActivity)
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
1-2-2
Display
Icon
Mode Name
Description
•
S SHT
Use this mode to perform spreadsheet calculations. Each file
(Spreadsheet)
contains a 26-column × 999-line spreadsheet. In addition to
•
the calculator’s built-in commands and S SHT mode
commands, you can also perform statistical calculations and
graph statistical data using the same procedures that you use
in the STAT mode.
GRAPH
Use this mode to store graph functions and to draw graphs
using the functions.
DYNA
(Dynamic Graph)
Use this mode to store graph functions and to draw multiple
versions of a graph by changing the values assigned to the
variables in a function.
TABLE
Use this mode to store functions, to generate a numeric
table of different solutions as the values assigned to
variables in a function change, and to draw graphs.
RECUR
(Recursion)
Use this mode to store recursion formulas, to generate a
numeric table of different solutions as the values assigned to
variables in a function change, and to draw graphs.
CONICS
Use this mode to draw graphs of conic sections.
EQUA
(Equation)
Use this mode to solve linear equations with two through six
unknowns, quadratic equations, and cubic equations.
PRGM
(Program)
Use this mode to store programs in the program area and to
run programs.
TVM
(Financial)
Use this mode to perform financial calculations and to draw
cash flow and other types of graphs. to make
LINK
Use this mode to transfer memory contents or back-up data
to another unit or PC.
MEMORY
SYSTEM
Use this mode to manage data stored in memory.
Use this mode to initialize memory, adjust contrast, and to
make other system settings.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
1-2-3
Display
k About the Function Menu
Use the function keys (1 to 6) to access the menus and commands in the menu bar
along the bottom of the display screen. You can tell whether a menu bar item is a menu or a
command by its appearance.
• Next Menu
Example:
Selecting
displays a menu of hyperbolic functions.
• Command Input
Example:
Selecting
inputs the sinh command.
• Direct Command Execution
Example:
Selecting
executes the DRAW command.
k About Display Screens
This calculator uses two types of display screens: a text screen and a graph screen. The text
screen can show 21 columns and 8 lines of characters, with the bottom line used for the
function key menu. The graph screen uses an area that measures 127 (W) × 63 (H) dots.
Text Screen
Graph Screen
The contents of each type of screen are stored in independent memory areas.
↔
Press !6(G T) to switch between the graph screen and text screen.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
1-2-4
Display
k Normal Display
The calculator normally displays values up to 10 digits long. Values that exceed this limit are
automatically converted to and displayed in exponential format.
u How to interpret exponential format
1.2E+12 indicates that the result is equivalent to 1.2 × 1012. This means that you should move
the decimal point in 1.2 twelve places to the right, because the exponent is positive. This
results in the value 1,200,000,000,000.
1.2E–03 indicates that the result is equivalent to 1.2 × 10–3. This means that you should move
the decimal point in 1.2 three places to the left, because the exponent is negative. This
results in the value 0.0012.
You can specify one of two different ranges for automatic changeover to normal display.
Norm 1 .................. 10–2 (0.01) > |x|, |x| > 1010
Norm 2 .................. 10–9 (0.000000001) > |x|, |x| > 1010
All of the examples in this manual show calculation results using Norm 1.
See page 2-3-2 for details on switching between Norm 1 and Norm 2.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
1-2-5
Display
k Special Display Formats
This calculator uses special display formats to indicate fractions, hexadecimal values, and
degrees/minutes/seconds values.
u Fractions
12
................. Indicates: 456 ––––
23
u Hexadecimal Values
................. Indicates: 0ABCDEF1(16), which
equals 180150001(10)
u Degrees/Minutes/Seconds
................. Indicates: 12° 34’ 56.78”
• In addition to the above, this calculator also uses other indicators or symbols, which are
described in each applicable section of this manual as they come up.
k Calculation Execution Indicator
Whenever the calculator is busy drawing a graph or executing a long, complex calculation or
program, a black box “k” flashes in the upper right corner of the display. This black box tells
you that the calculator is performing an internal operation.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
1-3-1
Inputting and Editing Calculations
1-3 Inputting and Editing Calculations
Note
• Unless specifically noted otherwise, all of the operations in this section are explained using the
Linear input mode.
k Inputting Calculations
When you are ready to input a calculation, first press A to clear the display. Next, input
your calculation formulas exactly as they are written, from left to right, and press w to
obtain the result.
Example 1 2 + 3 – 4 + 10 =
Ac+d-e+baw
Example 2 2(5 + 4) ÷ (23 × 5) =
Ac(f+e)/
(cd*f)w
k Editing Calculations
Use the d and e keys to move the cursor to the position you want to change, and then
perform one of the operations described below. After you edit the calculation, you can
execute it by pressing w. Or you can use e to move to the end of the calculation and
input more.
u To change a step
Example
To change cos60 to sin60
Acga
ddd
D
s
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
1-3-2
Inputting and Editing Calculations
In the Linear input mode, pressing !D(INS) changes the cursor to ‘‘ ’’.
The next function or value you input is overwritten at the location of ‘‘ ’’.
Acga
ddd!D(INS)
s
To abort this operation, press !D(INS) again.
u To delete a step
Example
To change 369 × × 2 to 369 × 2
Adgj**c
dD
In the insert mode, the D key operates as a backspace key.
#The cursor is a vertical flashing line (
I
) when
# The initial default for Linear input mode is the
insert mode. You can switch to the overwrite
mode by pressing 1Y(INS).
the insert mode is selected. The cursor is a
horizontal flashing line ( ) when the overwrite
mode is selected.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
1-3-3
Inputting and Editing Calculations
u To insert a step
Example
To change 2.362 to sin2.362
Ac.dgx
ddddd
s
u To change the last step you input
Example
To change 369 × 3 to 369 × 2
Adgj*d
D
c
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
1-3-4
Inputting and Editing Calculations
k Using Replay Memory
The last calculation performed is always stored into replay memory. You can recall the
contents of the replay memory by pressing d or e.
If you press e, the calculation appears with the cursor at the beginning. Pressing d
causes the calculation to appear with the cursor at the end. You can make changes in the
calculation as you wish and then execute it again.
Example 1 To perform the following two calculations
4.12 × 6.4 = 26.368
4.12 × 7.1 = 29.252
Ae.bc*g.ew
dddd
!D(INS)
h.b
w
After you press A, you can press f or c to recall previous calculations, in sequence
from the newest to the oldest (Multi-Replay Function). Once you recall a calculation, you can
use e and d to move the cursor around the calculation and make changes in it to create
a new calculation.
Example 2
Abcd+efgw
cde-fghw
A
f (One calculation back)
f (Two calculations back)
# A calculation remains stored in replay memory
until you perform another calculation.
# Replay memory is enabled in the Linear input
mode only. In the Math input mode, the history
function is used in place of the replay memory.
For details, see “History Function” (page 2-2-6).
# The contents of replay memory are not
cleared when you press the A key, so you
can recall a calculation and execute it even
after pressing the A key.
200509401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
1-3-5
Inputting and Editing Calculations
k Making Corrections in the Original Calculation
Example
14 ÷ 0 × 2.3 entered by mistake for 14 ÷ 10 × 2.3
Abe/a*c.d
w
Press J.
Cursor is positioned automatically at the
location of the cause of the error.
Make necessary changes.
db
Execute again.
w
k Using the Clipboard for Copy and Paste
You can copy (or cut) a function, command, or other input to the clipboard, and then paste
the clipboard contents at another location.
u To specify the copy range
Linear input mode
1. Move the cursor (I) to the beginning or end of the range of text you want to copy and
then press !i(CLIP).This changes the cursor to “ ”.
2. Use the cursor keys to move the cursor and highlight the range of text you want to
copy.
# The copy range of text you can specify
depends on the current “Input Mode” setting.
Linear input mode: 1 character
1 line
Multiple lines
Math input mode: 1 line only
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
1-3-6
Inputting and Editing Calculations
3. Press 1(COPY) to copy the highlighted text to the clipboard, and exit the copy range
specification mode.
The selected characters are not changed
when you copy them.
To cancel text highlighting without performing a copy operation, press J.
Math input mode
1. Use the cursor keys to move the cursor to the line you want to copy.
2. Press !i(CLIP) . The cursor will change to “ ”.
•
3. Press 1(CPY L) to copy the highlighted text to the clipboard.
u To cut the text
1. Move the cursor (I) to the beginning or end of the range of text you want to cut and
then press !i(CLIP). This changes the cursor to “ ”.
2. Use the cursor keys to move the cursor and highlight the range of text you want to cut.
3. Press 2(CUT) to cut the highlighted text to the clipboard.
Cutting causes the original characters
to be deleted.
The CUT operation is supported for the Linear input mode only. It is not supported for the Math
input mode.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
1-3-7
Inputting and Editing Calculations
u Pasting Text
Move the cursor to the location where you want to paste the text, and then press !
j(PASTE). The contents of the clipboard are pasted at the cursor position.
A
!j(PASTE)
k Catalog Function
The Catalog is an alphabetic list of all the commands available on this calculator. You can
input a command by calling up the Catalog and then selecting the command you want.
u To use the Catalog to input a command
1. Press !e(CATALOG) to display an alphabetic Catalog list of commands.
2. Input the first letter of the command you want to input. This will display the first
command that starts with that letter.
3. Use the cursor keys (f, c) to highlight the command you want to input, and then
press w.
Example
To use the Catalog to input the ClrGraph command
A!e(CATALOG)I(C)c~cw
Pressing J or !J(QUIT) closes the Catalog.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
1-3-8
Inputting and Editing Calculations
k Input Operations in the Math Input Mode
Selecting “Math” for the “Input Mode” setting on the Setup screen (page 1-7-1) turns on the
Math input mode, which allows natural input and display of certain functions, just as they
appear in your textbook.
Note
• The initial default “Input Mode” setting is “Linear” (Linear input mode). Before trying to
perform any of the operations explained in this section, be sure to change the “Input Mode”
setting to “Math”.
• In the Math input mode, all input is insert mode (not overwrite mode) input. Note that the
!D(INS) operation (page 1-3-2) you use in the Linear input mode to switch to insert
mode input performs a completely different function in the Math input mode. For more
information, see “Inserting a Function into an Existing Expression” (page 1-3-13).
• Unless specifically stated otherwise, all operations in this section are performed in the
•
RUN MAT mode.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
1-3-9
Inputting and Editing Calculations
u Math Input Mode Functions and Symbols
The functions and symbols listed below can be used for natural input in the Math input
mode. The “Bytes” column shows the number of bytes of memory that are used up by input
in the Math input mode.
Function/Symbol
Fraction (Improper)
Key Operation
Bytes
$
9
14
4
Mixed Fraction*1
Power
!$(&)
M
Square
x
4
Negative Power (Reciprocal)
!)(x–1)
5
!x(
!((3
)
6
Cube Root
Power Root
ex
)
9
x
!M(
)
9
!I(ex)
6
x
x
10
!l(10 )
6
log(a,b)
(Input from MATH menu*2)
(Input from MATH menu*2)
(Input from MATH menu*2)
(Input from MATH menu*2)
(Input from MATH menu*2)
(Input from MATH menu*2)
(Input from MATH menu*2)
( and )
7
Abs (Absolute Value)
Linear Differential*3
Quadratic Differential*3
Integral*3
6
7
7
8
Σ Calculation*4
11
14*5
1
Matrix
Parentheses
Braces (Used during list input.)
Brackets (Used during matrix input.)
!*( { ) and !/( } )
!+( [ ) and !-( ] )
1
1
*1 Mixed fraction is supported in the Math input
mode only.
*2 For information about function input from the
MATH function menu, see “Using the MATH
Menu” on page 1-3-10.
*3 Tolerance cannot be specified in the Math input
mode. If you want to specify tolerance, use the
Linear input mode.
*4 For Σ calculation in the Math input mode, the
pitch is always 1. If you want to specify a
different pitch, use the Linear input mode.
*5 This is the number of bytes for a 2 × 2 matrix.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
1-3-10
Inputting and Editing Calculations
u Using the MATH Menu
•
In the RUN MAT mode, pressing 4(MATH) displays the MATH menu.
You can use this menu for natural input of matrices, differentials, integrals, etc.
• {MAT} ... {displays the MAT submenu, for natural input of matrices}
• {2×2} ... {inputs a 2 × 2 matrix}
• {3×3} ... {inputs a 3 × 3 matrix}
• {m×n} ... {inputs a matrix with m lines and n columns (up to 6 × 6)}
• {log b} ... {starts natural input of logarithm log ab}
a
• {Abs} ... {starts natural input of absolute value |X|}
d
dx
f(x)x = a
• {d/dx} ... {starts natural input of linear differential
}
d2
• {d2/dx2} ... {starts natural input of quadratic differential
}
f(x)x = a
dx2
• {∫dx} … {starts natural input of integral abf(x)dx }
β
f
(x)
• {Σ(} … {starts natural input of Σ calculation
Σ
}
x=α
α
u Math Input Mode Input Examples
This section provides a number of different examples showing how the MATH function
menu and other keys can be used during Math input mode natural input. Be sure to pay
attention to the input cursor position as you input values and data.
Example 1 To input 23 + 1
AcM
d
e
+b
w
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
1-3-11
Inputting and Editing Calculations
2
2
5
1+
Example 2 To input
(
)
A(b+
$
cc
f
e
)x
w
J
1+ 1 x + 1dx
Example 3 To input
0
Ab+4(MATH)6(g)1(∫dx)
a+(X)+b
ea
fb
e
w
J
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
1-3-12
Inputting and Editing Calculations
1
2
2
Example 4 To input 2 ×
1
2
2
Ac*4(MATH)1(MAT)1(2×2)
$bcc
ee
!x( )ce
e!x( )cee$bcc
w
u When the calculation does not fit within the display window
Arrows appear at the left, right, top, or bottom edge of the display to let you know when
there is more of the calculation off the screen in the corresponding direction.
When you see an arrow, you can use the cursor keys to scroll the screen contents and
view the part you want.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
1-3-13
Inputting and Editing Calculations
u Inserting a Function into an Existing Expression
In the Math input mode, you can make insert a natural input function into an existing
expression. Doing so will cause the value or parenthetical expression to the right of the
cursor to become the argument of the inserted function. Use !D(INS) to insert a
function into an existing expression.
u To insert a function into an existing expression
Example
To insert the
function into the expression 1 + (2 + 3) + 4 so the
parenthetical expression becomes the argument of the function
1. Move the cursor so it is located directly to the left of the part of the expression that
you want to become the argument of the function you will insert.
2. Press !D(INS).
• This changes the cursor to an insert cursor (').
3. Press !x( ) to insert the
function.
• This inserts the
function and makes the parenthetical expression its argument.
u Function Insert Rules
The following are the basic rules that govern how a value or expressions becomes the
argument of an inserted function.
• If the insert cursor is located immediately to the left of an open parenthesis, everything
from the open parenthesis to the following closing parenthesis will be the argument of the
inserted function.
• If the input cursor is located immediately to the left of a value or fraction, that value or
fraction will be the argument of the inserted function.
# In the Linear input mode, pressing
!D(INS) will change to the insert mode.
See page 1-3-2 for more information.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
1-3-14
Inputting and Editing Calculations
u Functions that Support Insertion
The following lists the functions that can be inserted using the procedure under “To insert a
function into an existing expression” (page 1-3-13). It also provides information about how
insertion affects the existing calculation.
Original
Expression
Expression After
Insertion
Function
Key Operation
Improper Fraction
Power
$
M
!x(
!((3
!M(x
!I(ex
)
Cube Root
Power Root
ex
)
)
)
10x
!l(10x)
log(a,b)
4(MATH)2(log b)
a
Absolute Value
Linear Differential
4(MATH)3(Abs)
4(MATH)4(
d
/dx
)
Quadratic Differential 4(MATH)5(d2
/
dx2
)
4(MATH)6(g)
1(∫dx)
Integral
4(MATH)6(g)
2(Σ( )
Σ Calculation
u Editing Calculations in the Math Input Mode
The procedures for editing calculations in the Math input mode are basically the same as
those for the Linear input mode. For more information, see “Editing Calculations” (page
1-3-1).
Note however, that the following points are different between the Math input mode and the
Linear input mode.
• Overwrite mode input that is available in the Linear input mode is not supported by the
Math input mode. In the Math input mode, input is always inserted at the current cursor
location.
• In the Math input mode, pressing the D key always performs a backspace operation.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
1-3-15
Inputting and Editing Calculations
• Note the following cursor operations you can use while inputting a calculation with natural
display format.
To do this:
Press this key:
Move the cursor from the end of the calculation to the beginning
Move the cursor from the beginning of the calculation to the end
e
d
u Math Input Mode Calculation Result Display
Fractions, matrices, and lists produced by Math input mode calculations are displayed in
natural format, just as they appear in your textbook.
Sample Calculation Result Displays
# Fractions are displayed either as improper
fractions or mixed fractions, depending on the
“Frac Result” setting on the Setup screen. For
details, see “1-7 Using the Setup Screen”.
# Matrices are displayed in natural format, up
to 6 × 6. A matrix that has more than six rows
or columns will be displayed on a MatAns
screen, which is the same screen used in the
Linear input mode.
You can use the cursor keys to scroll the screen
and view the data you want.
•
# Pressing 2(DEL)1(DEL L) while a
calculation result is selected will delete both the
result and the calculation that produced it.
# Lists are displayed in natural format for up to
20 elements. A list that has more than 20
elements will be displayed on a ListAns
screen, which is the same screen used in the
Linear input mode.
# The multiplication sign cannot be omitted
immediately before an improper fraction or
mixed fraction. Be sure to always input a
multiplication sign in this case.
2
5
# Arrows appear at the left, right, top, or bottom
edge of the display to let you know when
there is more data off the screen in the
corresponding direction.
Example: 2 × —
c*$ccf
# A M, x, or !)(x–1) key operation cannot
be followed immediately by another M, x, or
!)(x–1) key operation. In this case, use
parentheses to keep the key operations
separate.
Example: (32)–1
(dx)!)(x–1)
2006506401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
1-3-16
Inputting and Editing Calculations
u Math Input Mode Input Restrictions
Note the following restrictions that apply during input of the Math input mode.
• Certain types of expressions can cause the vertical width of a calculation formula to be
greater than one display line. The maximum allowable vertical width of a calculation
formula is about two display screens (120 dots). You cannot input any expression that
exceeds this limitation.
2005604601
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
1-4-1
Option (OPTN) Menu
1-4 Option (OPTN) Menu
The option menu gives you access to scientific functions and features that are not marked on
the calculator’s keyboard. The contents of the option menu differ according to the mode you
are in when you press the K key.
See “8-7 PRGM Mode Command List” for details on the option (OPTN) menu.
•
u Option menu in the RUN MAT or PRGM mode
• {LIST} ... {list function menu}
• {MAT} ... {matrix operation menu}
• {CPLX} ... {complex number calculation menu}
• {CALC} ... {functional analysis menu}
• {STAT} ... {paired-variable statistical estimated value menu}
• {HYP} ... {hyperbolic calculation menu}
• {PROB} ... {probability/distribution calculation menu}
• {NUM} ... {numeric calculation menu}
• {ANGL} ... {menu for angle/coordinate conversion, DMS input/conversion}
• {ESYM} ... {engineering symbol menu}
• {PICT} ... {picture memory menu}*1
• {FMEM} ... {function memory menu}*1
• {LOGIC} ... {logic operator menu}
• {CAPT} ... {screen capture menu}
# The option (OPTN) menu does not appear
during binary, octal, decimal, and hexadecimal
calculations.
*1 The PICT, FMEM and CAPT items are not
displayed when “Math” is selected as the
Input Mode.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
1-4-2
Option (OPTN) Menu
u Option menu during numeric data input in the STAT, TABLE, RECUR, EQUA
•
and S SHT modes
• {LIST}/{CPLX}/{CALC}/{HYP}/{PROB}/{NUM}/{ANGL}/{ESYM}/{FMEM}/{LOGIC}
u Option menu during formula input in the GRAPH, DYNA, TABLE, RECUR
and EQUA modes
• {List}/{CALC}/{HYP}/{PROB}/{NUM}/{FMEM}/{LOGIC}
The following shows the function menus that appear under other conditions.
u Option menu when a number table value is displayed in the TABLE or
RECUR mode
• {LMEM} … {list memory menu}
• {
° ’ ”
}/{ENG}/{ENG}
The meanings of the option menu items are described in the sections that cover each mode.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
1-5-1
Variable Data (VARS) Menu
1-5 Variable Data (VARS) Menu
To recall variable data, press J to display the variable data menu.
{V-WIN}/{FACT}/{STAT}/{GRPH}/{DYNA}/
{TABL}/{RECR}/{EQUA*1}/{TVM*1}
See “8-7 PRGM Mode Command List” for details on the variable data (VARS) menu.
u V-WIN — Recalling V-Window values
• {X}/{Y}/{T,θ}
... {x-axis menu}/{y-axis menu}/{T, θ menu}
• {R-X}/{R-Y}/{R-T,θ}
...{x-axis menu}/{y-axis menu}/{T,θ menu} for right side of Dual Graph
• {min}/{max}/{scal}/{dot}/{ptch}
... {minimum value}/{maximum value}/{scale}/{dot value*2}/{pitch}
u FACT — Recalling zoom factors
• {Xfact}/{Yfact}
... {x-axis factor}/{y-axis factor}
*1The EQUA and TVM items appear only when
you access the variable data menu from the
*2The dot value indicates the display range (Xmax
value – Xmin value) divided by the screen dot
pitch (126).
•
•
RUN MAT, PRGM or e ACT mode.
The dot value is normally calculated automati-
cally from the minimum and maximum values.
Changing the dot value causes the maximum to
be calculated automatically.
# The variable data menu does not appear if
you press J while binary, octal, decimal, or
hexadecimal is set as the default number
system.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
1-5-2
Variable Data (VARS) Menu
u STAT — Recalling statistical data
• {X} … {single-variable, paired-variable x-data}
• {n}/{o}/{Σx}/{Σx2}/{xσn}/{xσn–1}/{minX}/{maxX}
…{number of data}/{mean}/{sum}/{sum of squares}/{population standard
deviation}/{sample standard deviation}/{minimum value}/{maximum value}
• {Y} ... {paired-variable y-data}
• {p}/{Σ y}/{Σ y2}/{Σxy}/{yσn}/{ yσn–1}/{minY}/{maxY}
…{mean}/{sum}/{sum of squares}/{sum of products of x-data and y-data}/
{population standard deviation}/{sample standard deviation}/{minimum value}/
{maximum value}
• {GRPH} ... {graph data menu}
• {a}/{b}/{c}/{d}/{e}
... {regression coefficient and polynomial coefficients}
• {r}/{r2} ... {correlation coefficient}/{coefficient of determination}
• {MSe} ... {mean square error}
• {Q1}/{Q3}
... {first quartile}/{third quartile}
• {Med}/{Mod}
... {median}/{mode} of input data
• {Strt}/{Pitch}
... histogram {start division}/{pitch}
• {PTS} ... {summary point data menu}
• {x1}/{y1}/{x2}/{y2}/{x3}/{y3} ... {coordinates of summary points}
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
1-5-3
Variable Data (VARS) Menu
u GRPH — Recalling Graph Functions
• {Y}/{r} ... {rectangular coordinate or inequality function}/{polar coordinate function}
• {Xt}/{Yt}
... parametric graph function {Xt}/{Yt}
• {X} ... {X=constant graph function}
(Press these keys before inputting a value to specify a storage memory.)
u DYNA — Recalling Dynamic Graph Set Up Data
• {Strt}/{End}/{Pitch}
... {coefficient range start value}/{coefficient range end value}/{coefficient value
increment}
u TABL — Recalling Table Set Up and Content Data
• {Strt}/{End}/{Pitch}
... {table range start value}/{table range end value}/{table value increment}
• {Reslt*1}
... {matrix of table contents}
*1 The Reslt item appears only when the TABL
•
menu is displayed in the RUN MAT, PRGM or
•
e ACT mode.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
1-5-4
Variable Data (VARS) Menu
u RECR — Recalling Recursion Formula*1, Table Range, and Table Content Data
• {FORM} ... {recursion formula data menu}
• {an}/{an+1}/{an+2}/{bn}/{bn+1}/{bn+2}/{cn}/{cn+1}/{cn+2}
... {an}/{an+1}/{an+2}/{bn}/{bn+1}/{bn+2}/{cn}/{cn+1}/{cn+2} expressions
• {RANG} ... {table range data menu}
• {Strt}/{End}
... table range {start value}/{end value}
• {a0}/{a1}/{a2}/{b0}/{b1}/{b2}/{c0}/{c1}/{c2}
... {a0}/{a1}/{a2}/{b0}/{b1}/{b2}/{c0}/{c1}/{c2} value
• {anSt}/{bnSt}/{cnSt}
... origin of {an }/{bn}/{cn} recursion formula convergence/divergence graph (WEB
graph)
• {Reslt*2} ... {matrix of table contents*3}
u EQUA — Recalling Equation Coefficients and Solutions*4 *5
• {S-Rlt}/{S-Cof}
... matrix of {solutions}/{coefficients} for linear equations with two through six
unknowns*6
• {P-Rlt}/{P-Cof}
... matrix of {solution}/{coefficients} for a quadratic or cubic equation
u TVM — Recalling Financial Calculation Data
• {n}/{I%}/{PV}/{PMT}/{FV}
... {payment periods (installments)}/{interest (%)}/{principal}/{payment amount}/
{account balance or principal plus interest following the final installment}
• {P/Y}/{C/Y}
... {number of installment periods per year}/{number of compounding periods
per year}
*1 An error occurs when there is no function or
recursion formula numeric table in memory.
*5 The following conditions cause an error.
- When there are no coefficients input for the
equation
- When there are no solutions obtained for the
equation
*6 Coefficient and solution memory data for a
linear equation cannot be recalled at the same
time.
2
•
* “Reslt” is available only in the RUN MAT,
•
PRGM and e ACT modes.
*3 Table contents are stored automatically in
Matrix Answer Memory (MatAns).
*4 Coefficients and solutions are stored
automatically in Matrix Answer Memory
(MatAns).
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
1-6-1
Program (PRGM) Menu
1-6 Program (PRGM) Menu
•
To display the program (PRGM) menu, first enter the RUN MAT or PRGM mode from the
Main Menu and then press !J(PRGM). The following are the selections available in the
program (PRGM) menu.
• {COM} ...... {program command menu}
• {CTL}........ {program control command menu}
• {JUMP} .... {jump command menu}
• {?} ............ {input prompt}
• {^}........... {output command}
• {CLR} ....... {clear command menu}
• {DISP} ...... {display command menu}
• {REL} ....... {conditional jump relational operator menu}
• {I/O}.......... {I/O control/transfer command menu}
• {:} ............. {multistatement connector}
•
The following function key menu appears if you press !J(PRGM) in the RUN MAT
mode or the PRGM mode while binary, octal, decimal, or hexadecimal is set as the default
number system.
• {Prog} ...... {program recall}
• {JUMP}/{?}/{^}/{REL}/{:}
The functions assigned to the function keys are the same as those in the Comp mode.
For details on the commands that are available in the various menus you can access from
the program menu, see “8. Programming”.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
1-7-1
Using the Setup Screen
1-7 Using the Setup Screen
The mode’s Setup screen shows the current status of mode settings and lets you make any
changes you want. The following procedure shows how to change a setup.
u To change a mode setup
1. Select the icon you want and press w to enter a mode and display its initial screen.
•
Here we will enter the RUN MAT mode.
2. Press !m(SET UP) to display the mode’s
Setup screen.
• This Setup screen is just one possible example.
Actual Setup screen contents will differ
according to the mode you are in and that mode’s
current settings.
3. Use the f and c cursor keys to move the highlighting to the item whose setting you
want to change.
4. Press the function key (1 to 6) that is marked with the setting you want to make.
5. After you are finished making any changes you want, press J to exit the Setup
screen.
k Setup Screen Function Key Menus
This section details the settings you can make using the function keys in the Setup screen.
indicates default setting.
u Input Mode
• {Math}/{Line}... {Math}/{Linear} input mode
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
1-7-2
Using the Setup Screen
u Mode (calculation/binary, octal, decimal, hexadecimal mode)
• {Comp} ... {arithmetic calculation mode}
• {Dec}/{Hex}/{Bin}/{Oct}
... {decimal}/{hexadecimal}/{binary}/{octal}
u Frac Result (fraction result display format)
• {d/c}/{ab/c}... {improper}/{mixed} fraction
u Func Type (graph function type)
Pressing one of the following function keys also switches the function of the v key.
• {Y=}/{r=}/{Parm}/{X=c}
... {rectangular coordinate}/{polar coordinate}/{parametric coordinate}/
{X = constant} graph
• {Y>}/{Y<}/{Yt}/{Ys}
... {y>f(x)}/{y<f(x)}/{y≥f(x)}/{y≤f(x)} inequality graph
u Draw Type (graph drawing method)
• {Con}/{Plot}
... {connected points}/{unconnected points}
u Derivative (derivative value display)
• {On}/{Off}
... {display on}/{display off} while Graph-to-Table, Table & Graph, and Trace are
being used
u Angle (default angle unit)
• {Deg}/{Rad}/{Gra}
... {degrees}/{radians}/{grads}
u Complex Mode
• {Real} ... {calculation in real number range only}
• {a + bi}/{r∠θ}
... {rectangular format}/{polar format} display of a complex calculation
u Coord (graph pointer coordinate display)
• {On}/{Off}
... {display on}/{display off}
u Grid (graph gridline display)
• {On}/{Off}
... {display on}/{display off}
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
1-7-3
Using the Setup Screen
u Axes (graph axis display)
• {On}/{Off}
... {display on}/{display off}
u Label (graph axis label display)
• {On}/{Off}
... {display on}/{display off}
u Display (display format)
• {Fix}/{Sci}/{Norm}/{Eng}
... {fixed number of decimal places specification}/{number of significant digits
specification}/{normal display setting}/{engineering mode}
u Stat Wind (statistical graph V-Window setting method)
• {Auto}/{Man}
... {automatic}/{manual}
u Resid List (residual calculation)
• {None}/{LIST}
... {no calculation}/{list specification for the calculated residual data}
u List File (list file display settings)
• {FILE} ... {settings of list file on the display}
u Sub Name (list naming)
• {On}/{Off}
... {display on}/{display off}
u Graph Func (function display during graph drawing and trace)
• {On}/{Off}
... {display on}/{display off}
u Dual Screen (dual screen mode status)
• {G+G}/{GtoT}/{Off}
... {graphing on both sides of dual screen}/{graph on one side and numeric table
on the other side of dual screen}/{dual screen off}
u Simul Graph (simultaneous graphing mode)
• {On}/{Off}
... {simultaneous graphing on (all graphs drawn simultaneously)}/{simultaneous
graphing off (graphs drawn in area numeric sequence)}
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
1-7-4
Using the Setup Screen
u Background (graph display background)
• {None}/{PICT}
... {no background}/{graph background picture specification}
u Sketch Line (overlaid line type)
• { }/{
}{ }/{
}
... {normal}/{thick}/{broken}/{dot}
u Dynamic Type (dynamic graph type)
• {Cnt}/{Stop}
... {non-stop (continuous)}/{automatic stop after 10 draws}
u Locus (dynamic graph locus mode)
• {On}/{Off}
... {locus drawn}/{locus not drawn}
u Y=Draw Speed (dynamic graph draw speed)
• {Norm}/{High}
... {normal}/{high-speed}
u Variable (table generation and graph draw settings)
• {RANG}/{LIST}
... {use table range}/{use list data}
u Σ Display (Σ value display in recursion table)
• {On}/{Off}
... {display on}/{display off}
u Slope (display of derivative at current pointer location in conic section
graph)
• {On}/{Off}
... {display on}/{display off}
u Payment (payment period setting)
• {BGN}/{END}
... {beginning}/{end} setting of payment period
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
1-7-5
Using the Setup Screen
u Date Mode (number of days per year setting)
• {365}/{360}
... interest calculations using {365}*1/{360} days per year
u Auto Calc (spreadsheet auto calc)
• {On}/{Off}
... {execute}/{not execute} the formulas automatically
u Show Cell (spreadsheet cell display mode)
• {Form}/{Val} ... {formula}*2/{value}
u Move (spreadsheet cell cursor direction)*3
• {Low}/{Right} ... {move down}/{move right}
*1The 365-day year must be used for date
calculations in the TVM mode.
Otherwise, an error occurs.
*2Selecting “Form” (formula) causes a formula in
the cell to be displayed as a formula. The
“Form” does not affect any non-formula data in
the cell.
*3Specifies the direction the cell cursor moves when
you press the w key to register cell input, when
the Sequence command generates a number
table, and when you recall data from List memory.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
1-8-1
Using Screen Capture
1-8 Using Screen Capture
Any time while operating the calculator, you can capture an image of the current screen and
save it in capture memory.
u To capture a screen image
1. Operate the calculator and display the screen you want to capture.
2. Press !h(CAPTURE).
• This displays a memory area selection dialog box.
3. Input a value from 1 to 20 and then press w.
• This will capture the screen image and save it in capture memory area named
“Capt n” (n = the value you input).
• You cannot capture the screen image of a message indicating that an operation or data
communication is in progress.
• A memory error will occur if there is not enough room in main memory to store the screen
capture.
u To recall a screen image from capture memory
•
1. In the RUN MAT mode (Linear input mode), press K6(g)6(g)5(CAPT)
1(RCL).
2. Enter a capture memory number in the range of 1 to 20, and then press w.
• You can also use the RclCapt command in a program to recall a screen image from
capture memory.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
1-9-1
When you keep having problems…
1-9 When you keep having problems…
If you keep having problems when you are trying to perform operations, try the following
before assuming that there is something wrong with the calculator.
k Getting the Calculator Back to its Original Mode Settings
1. From the Main Menu, enter the SYSTEM mode.
2. Press 5(RSET).
3. Press 1(STUP), and then press 1(Yes).
4. Press Jm to return to the Main Menu.
Now enter the correct mode and perform your calculation again, monitoring the results on
the display.
k In Case of Hang Up
• Should the unit hang up and stop responding to input from the keyboard, press the P button
on the back of the calculator to reset the calculator to its initial defaults (see page α-5-1).
Note, however, that this may clear all the data in calculator memory.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
1-9-2
When you keep having problems…
k Low Battery Message
If either of the following messages appears on the display, immediately turn off the calculator
and replace main batteries as instructed.
If you continue using the calculator without replacing main batteries, power will automatically
turn off to protect memory contents. Once this happens, you will not be able to turn power
back on, and there is the danger that memory contents will be corrupted or lost entirely.
# You will not be able to perform data
communications operations after the low
battery message appears.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
Chapter
2
Manual Calculations
2-1 Basic Calculations
2-2 Special Functions
2-3 Specifying the Angle Unit and Display Format
2-4 Function Calculations
2-5 Numerical Calculations
2-6 Complex Number Calculations
2-7 Binary, Octal, Decimal, and Hexadecimal Calculations
with Integers
2-8 Matrix Calculations
Linear/Math input mode (page 1-3-8)
• Unless specifically noted otherwise, all of the operations in this chapter are
explained using the Linear input mode.
• When necessary, the input mode is indicated by the following symbols.
<Math>.... Math input mode
<Line>..... Linear input mode
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
2-1-1
Basic Calculations
2-1 Basic Calculations
k Arithmetic Calculations
• Enter arithmetic calculations as they are written, from left to right.
• Use the - key to input the minus sign before a negative value.
• Calculations are performed internally with a 15-digit mantissa. The result is rounded to a
10-digit mantissa before it is displayed.
• For mixed arithmetic calculations, multiplication and division are given priority over
addition and subtraction.
Example
Operation
23 + 4.5 – 53 = –25.5
23+4.5-53w
56 × (–12) ÷ (–2.5) = 268.8
(2 + 3) × 102 = 500
56*-12/-2.5w
(2+3)*1E2w*1
1+2-3*4/5+6w
100-(2+3)*4w
2+3*(4+5w*2
1 + 2 – 3 × 4 ÷ 5 + 6 = 6.6
100 – (2 + 3) × 4 = 80
2 + 3 × (4 + 5) = 29
(7 – 2) × (8 + 5) = 65
(7-2)(8+5)w*3
<Line>
6
4 × 5
3
10
= 0.3
6 /(4*5)w*4
<Math>
$6c4*5w
(1 + 2i) + (2 + 3i) = 3 + 5i
(2 + i) × (2 – i) = 5
(b+c!a(i))+(c+
d!a(i))w
(c+!a(i))*(c-!a(i)
)w
*1(2+3)E2 does not produce the correct
result. Be sure to enter this calculation as shown.
*3A multiplication sign immediately before an open
parenthesis may be omitted.
*2Final closed parentheses (immediately before
operation of the w key) may be omitted, no
matter how many are required.
*4This is identical to 6 / 4 / 5 w.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
2-1-2
Basic Calculations
k Number of Decimal Places, Number of Significant Digits, Normal
Display Range
[SET UP]- [Display] -[Fix]/[Sci]/[Norm]
• Even after you specify the number of decimal places or the number of significant digits,
internal calculations are still performed using a 15-digit mantissa, and displayed values
are stored with a 10-digit mantissa. Use Rnd of the Numeric Calculation Menu (NUM)
(page 2-4-1) to round the displayed value off to the number of decimal place and
significant digit settings.
• Number of decimal place (Fix) and significant digit (Sci) settings normally remain in effect
until you change them or until you change the normal display range (Norm) setting.
Example
100 ÷ 6 = 16.66666666...
Condition
Operation
Display
100/6w
16.66666667
4 decimal places
!m(SET UP)
f
(or
c
12 times)
1
*
1(Fix)ewJw
16.6667
5 significant digits
Cancels specification
!m(SET UP)
f
(or
c
12 times)
1.66671E+01
*
2(Sci)fwJw
!m(SET UP)
f
(or
c
12 times)
3(Norm)Jw
16.66666667
*1Displayed values are rounded off to the place
you specify.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
2-1-3
Basic Calculations
Example
200 ÷ 7 × 14 = 400
Condition
Operation
200/7*14w
Display
400
3 decimal places
!m(SET UP) f (or c 12 times)
1(Fix)dwJw
400.000
Calculation continues using
display capacity of 10 digits
28.571
I
200/7w
*
Ans ×
400.000
14w
• If the same calculation is performed using the specified number of digits:
28.571
200/7w
The value stored internally is
rounded off to the number of
decimal places specified on
the Setup screen.
28.571
I
399.994
K6(g)4(NUM)4(Rnd)w
*
Ans ×
14w
28.571
200/7w
You can also specify the
number of decimal places for
rounding of internal values
for a specific calculation.*1
(Example: To specify
rounding to two decimal
places)
RndFix(Ans,2)
28.570
6(RndFi)!-(Ans),2)
w
Ans ×
I
*
14w
399.980
k Calculation Priority Sequence
This calculator employs true algebraic logic to calculate the parts of a formula in the following
order:
1 Type A functions
Coordinate transformation Pol (x, y), Rec (r, θ)
Derivatives, second derivatives, integrations, Σ calculations
d/dx, d2/dx2, ∫dx, Σ, Mat, Solve, FMin, FMax, List→Mat, Seq, Min, Max, Median, Mean,
Augment, Mat→List, P(, Q(, R(, t(, List, RndFix, log ab
Composite functions*2 fn, Yn, rn, Xtn, Ytn, Xn
*1To turn off rounding, specify 10 for the
significant number of digits.
A composite function can consist of up to five
functions.
*2You can combine the contents of multiple
function memory (fn) locations or graph
memory (Yn, rn, Xtn, Ytn, Xn) locations into
composite functions. Specifying fn1(fn2), for
example, results in the composite function
# You cannot use a differential, quadratic
differential, integration, Σ, maximum/minimum
value, Solve, RndFix or log ab calculation
expression inside of a RndFix calculation term.
fn1 fn2 (see page 5-3-3).
°
20076011001
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
2-1-4
Basic Calculations
2 Type B functions
With these functions, the value is entered and then the function key is pressed.
x2, x–1, x!, ° ’ ”, ENG symbols, angle unit °, r, g
3 Power/root ^(xy), x'
4 Fractions ab/c
5 Abbreviated multiplication format in front of π, memory name, or variable name.
2π, 5A, etc.
6 Type C functions
With these functions, the function key is pressed and then the value is entered.
', 3', log, In, ex, 10x, sin, cos, tan, sin–1, cos–1, tan–1, sinh, cosh, tanh, sinh–1, cosh–1,
tanh–1, (–), d, h, b, o, Neg, Not, Det, Trn, Dim, Identity, Sum, Prod, Cuml, Percent, AList,
Abs, Int, Frac, Intg, Arg, Conjg, ReP, ImP
7 Abbreviated multiplication format in front of Type A functions, Type C functions, and
parenthesis.
2'3, A log2, etc.
8 Permutation, combination nPr, nCr, ∠
9 ×, ÷
0 +, –
! Relational operators =, ≠, >, <, ≥, ≤
@ And (logical operator), and (bitwise operator)
# Or (logical operator), or, xor, xnor (bitwise operator)
Example
2 + 3 × (log sin2π2 + 6.8) = 22.07101691 (angle unit = Rad)
1
2
3
4
5
6
# When functions with the same priority are
used in series, execution is performed from
right to left.
exIn 120 → ex{In( 120)}
# Compound functions are executed from right to
left.
# Anything contained within parentheses receives
highest priority.
Otherwise, execution is from left to right.
20076011001
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
2-1-5
Basic Calculations
k Multiplication Operations without a Multiplication Sign
You can omit the multiplication sign (×) in any of the following operations.
• Before Type A functions (1 on page 2-1-3) and Type C functions (6 on page 2-1-4),
except for negative signs
Example
• Before constants, variable names, memory names
Example 2π, 2AB, 3Ans, 3Y1, etc.
• Before an open parenthesis
2sin30, 10log1.2, 2'3, 2Pol(5, 12), etc.
Example
3(5 + 6), (A + 1)(B – 1), etc.
k Overflow and Errors
Exceeding a specified input or calculation range, or attempting an illegal input causes an
error message to appear on the display. Further operation of the calculator is impossible
while an error message is displayed. The following events cause an error message to appear
on the display.
• When any result, whether intermediate or final, or any value in memory exceeds
±9.999999999 × 1099 (Ma ERROR).
• When an attempt is made to perform a function calculation that exceeds the input range
(Ma ERROR).
• When an illegal operation is attempted during statistical calculations (Ma ERROR). For
example, attempting to obtain 1VAR without data input.
• When an improper data type is specified for the argument of a function calculation
(Ma ERROR).
• When the capacity of the numeric value stack or command stack is exceeded (Stack
ERROR). For example, entering 25 successive ( followed by 2 + 3 * 4 w.
• When an attempt is made to perform a calculation using an illegal formula (Syntax
ERROR). For example, 5 ** 3 w.
# Most of the calculator’s keys are inoperative
while an error message is displayed.
# See the “Error Message Table” on page α-1-1
for information on other errors.
Press J to clear the error and display the
error position (see page 1-3-5).
20076011001
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
2-1-6
Basic Calculations
• When you try to perform a calculation that causes memory capacity to be exceeded
(Memory ERROR).
• When you use a command that requires an argument, without providing a valid argument
(Argument ERROR).
• When an attempt is made to use an illegal dimension during matrix calculations (Dimension
ERROR).
• When you are in the real mode and an attempt is made to perform a calculation that
produces a complex number solution. Note that “Real” is selected for the Complex Mode
setting on the Setup screen (Non-Real ERROR).
k Memory Capacity
In the Linear input mode, each time you press a key, either one byte or two bytes is used.
Some of the functions that require one byte are: b, c, d, sin, cos, tan, log, In,
, and π.
Some of the functions that take up two bytes are d/dx(, Mat, Xmin, If, For, Return, DrawGraph,
SortA(, PxIOn, Sum, and an+1.
For details about the number of bytes required for each function in the Math input mode, see
page 1-3-9.
# As you input numeric values or commands,
they appear flush left on the display.
Calculation results, on the other hand, are
displayed flush right.
# The allowable range for both input and output
values is 15 digits for the mantissa and two
digits for the exponent. Internal calculations are
also performed using a 15-digit mantissa and
two-digit exponent.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
2-2-1
Special Functions
2-2 Special Functions
k Calculations Using Variables
Example
Operation
193.2aav(A)w
Display
193.2
193.2 ÷ 23 = 8.4
193.2 ÷ 28 = 6.9
av(A)/23w
av(A)/28w
8.4
6.9
k Memory
uVariables (Alpha Memory)
This calculator comes with 28 variables as standard. You can use variables to store values
you want to use inside of calculations. Variables are identified by single-letter names, which
are made up of the 26 letters of the alphabet, plus r and θ. The maximum size of values that
you can assign to variables is 15 digits for the mantissa and 2 digits for the exponent.
u To assign a value to a variable
[value] a [variable name] w
Example
To assign 123 to variable A
Abcdaav(A)w
Example
To add 456 to variable A and store the result in variable B
Aav(A)+efgaa
l(B)w
# Variable contents are retained even when
you turn power off.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
2-2-2
Special Functions
u To display the contents of a variable
Example
To display the contents of variable A
Aav(A)w
u To clear a variable
Example
To clear variable A
Aaaav(A)w
u To assign the same value to more than one variable
[value]a [first variable name*1]a3(~) [last variable name*1]w
Example
To assign a value of 10 to variables A through F
Abaaav(A)
a3(~)at(F)w
uFunction Memory
[OPTN]-[FMEM]
Function memory (f1~f20) is convenient for temporary storage of often-used expressions. For
longer term storage, we recommend that you use the GRAPH mode for expressions and the
PRGM mode for programs.
• {STO}/{RCL}/{fn}/{SEE} ... {function store}/{function recall}/{function area specification
as a variable name inside an expression}/{function list}
*1 You cannot use “r” or “θ” as a variable name.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
2-2-3
Special Functions
u To store a function
Example
To store the function (A+B) (A–B) as function memory number 1
(av(A)+al(B))
(av(A)-al(B))
K6(g)6(g)3(FMEM)
1(STO)bw
JJJ
u To recall a function
Example To recall the contents of function memory number 1
K6(g)6(g)3(FMEM)
2(RCL)bw
u To recall a function as a variable
daav(A)w
baal(B)w
K6(g)6(g)3(FMEM)3(fn)
b+cw
u To display a list of available functions
K6(g)6(g)3(FMEM)
4(SEE)
# If the function memory number to which you
store a function already contains a function, the
previous function is replaced with the new one.
# The recalled function appears at the current
location of the cursor on the display.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
2-2-4
Special Functions
u To delete a function
Example
To delete the contents of function memory number 1
AK6(g)6(g)3(FMEM)
1(STO)bw
• Executing the store operation while the display is blank deletes the function in the
function memory you specify.
u To use stored functions
Example
To store x3 + 1, x2 + x into function memory, and then graph:
y = x3 + x2 + x + 1
Use the following V-Window settings.
Xmin = – 4, Xmax = 4, Xscale = 1
Ymin = –10, Ymax = 10, Yscale = 1
!m(SET UP)ccc1(Y=)J
AvMd+bK6(g)6(g)3(FMEM)1(STO)bw(stores (x3 + 1))
JAvx+v1(STO)cw(stores (x2 + x))
JA!4(SKTCH)1(Cls)w
5(GRPH)1(Y=)
K6(g)6(g)3(FMEM)3(fn)b+
3(fn)cw
• For full details about graphing, see “5. Graphing”.
# You can also use a to store a function in
function memory in a program.
In this case, you must enclose the function
inside of double quotation marks.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
2-2-5
Special Functions
k Answer Function
The Answer Function automatically stores the last result you calculated by pressing
w (unless the w key operation results in an error). The result is stored in the answer
memory.
u To use the contents of the answer memory in a calculation
Example
123 + 456 = 579
789 – 579 = 210
Abcd+efgw
hij-!-(Ans)w
In the Math input mode, the answer memory is refreshed with each calculation. Note,
however, that the answer memory content recall operation is different from that used in
the Linear input mode. For details, see “History Function” (page 2-2-6).
k Performing Continuous Calculations
Answer memory also lets you use the result of one calculation as one of the arguments in
the next calculation.
Example
1 ÷ 3 =
1 ÷ 3 × 3 =
Ab/dw
(Continuing)*dw
Continuous calculations can also be used with Type B functions (x2, x–1, x!, page 2-1-4),
+, –, ^(xy), x', ° ’ ”, etc.
# The largest value that the answer memory
can hold is 15 digits for the mantissa and 2
digits for the exponent.
# Answer memory contents are not cleared when
you press the A key or when you switch power
off.
# Only numeric values and calculation results
can be stored in answer memory.
# When “Linear” is selected as the Input Mode,
answer memory contents are not changed by an
operation that assigns values to Alpha memory
(such as: faav(A)w).
20076011001
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
2-2-6
Special Functions
k History Function
The history function maintains a history of calculation expressions and results in the Math
input mode. Up to 30 sets of calculation expressions and results are maintained.
b+cw
*cw
You can also edit the calculation expressions that are maintained by the history function
and recalculate. This will recalculate all of the expressions starting from the edited
expression.
Example
To change “1+2” to “1+3” and recalculate
Perform the following operation following the sample shown above.
ffffdDdw
# The value stored in the answer memory is
always dependent on the result produced by
the last calculation performed. If history
contents include operations that use the
answer memory, editing a calculation may
affect the answer memory value used in
subsequent calculations.
- If you have a series of calculations that use the
answer memory to include the result of the
previous calculation in the next calculation,
editing a calculation will affect the results of all
the other calculations that come after it.
- When the first calculation of the history includes
the answer memory contents, the answer
memory value is “0” because there is no
calculation before the first one in history.
200509401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
2-2-7
Special Functions
k Stacks
The unit employs memory blocks, called stacks, for storage of low priority values and
commands. There is a 10-level numeric value stack, a 26-level command stack, and a 10-
level program subroutine stack. An error occurs if you perform a calculation so complex that
it exceeds the capacity of available numeric value stack or command stack space, or if
execution of a program subroutine exceeds the capacity of the subroutine stack.
Example
Numeric Value Stack
Command Stack
1
b
2
×
(
2
c
3
3
d
4
(
4
e
5
+
5
f
4
×
g
h
(
+
# Calculations are performed according to the
priority sequence. Once a calculation is
executed, it is cleared from the stack.
# Storing a complex number takes up two numeric
value stack levels.
# Storing a two-byte function takes up two
command stack levels.
200509401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
2-2-8
Special Functions
k Using Multistatements
Multistatements are formed by connecting a number of individual statements for sequential
execution. You can use multistatements in manual calculations and in programmed
calculations. There are two different ways that you can use to connect statements to form
multistatements.
• Colon (:)
Statements that are connected with colons are executed from left to right, without stopping.
• Display Result Command (^)
When execution reaches the end of a statement followed by a display result command,
execution stops and the result up to that point appears on the display. You can resume
execution by pressing the w key.
Example
6.9 × 123 = 848.7
123 ÷ 3.2 = 38.4375
Abcdaav(A)
!J(PRGM)6(g)5(:)g.j
*av(A)!J(PRGM)5(^)
av(A)/d.cw
w
# You cannot construct a multistatement in
which one statement directly uses the result of
the previous statement.
Example: 123 × 456: × 5
Invalid
200504901
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
2-3-1
Specifying the Angle Unit and Display Format
2-3 Specifying the Angle Unit and Display
Format
Before performing a calculation for the first time, you should use the Setup screen to specify
the angle unit and display format.
k Setting the Angle Unit
[SET UP]- [Angle]
1. On the Setup screen, highlight “Angle”.
2. Press the function key for the angle unit you want to specify, then press J.
• {Deg}/{Rad}/{Gra} ... {degrees}/{radians}/{grads}
• The relationship between degrees, grads, and radians is shown below.
360° = 2π radians = 400 grads
90° = π/2 radians = 100 grads
k Setting the Display Format
[SET UP]- [Display]
1. On the Setup screen, highlight “Display”.
2. Press the function key for the item you want to set, then press J.
• {Fix}/{Sci}/{Norm}/{Eng} ... {fixed number of decimal places specification}/
{number of significant digits specification}/{normal display}/{Engineering mode}
u To specify the number of decimal places (Fix)
Example
To specify two decimal places
1(Fix) cw
Press the number key that corresponds to the
number of decimal places you want to specify
(n = 0 to 9).
# Displayed values are rounded off to the
number of decimal places you specify.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
2-3-2
Specifying the Angle Unit and Display Format
u To specify the number of significant digits (Sci)
Example
To specify three significant digits
2(Sci) dw
Press the number key that corresponds
to the number of significant digits you
want to specify (n = 0 to 9).
Specifying 0 makes the number of
significant digits 10.
u To specify the normal display (Norm 1/Norm 2)
Press 3(Norm) to switch between Norm 1 and Norm 2.
Norm 1: 10–2 (0.01)>|x|, |x| >1010
Norm 2: 10–9 (0.000000001)>|x|, |x| >1010
Ab/caaw
(Norm 1)
(Norm 2)
u To specify the engineering notation display (Eng mode)
Press 4(Eng) to switch between engineering notation and standard notation. The
indicator “/E” is on the display while engineering notation is in effect.
You can use the following symbols to convert values to engineering notation, such as
2,000 (= 2 × 103) → 2k.
E (Exa)
P (Peta)
T (Tera)
G (Giga)
M (Mega)
k (kilo)
× 1018
× 1015
× 1012
× 109
× 106
× 103
m (milli)
µ (micro)
n (nano)
p (pico)
× 10–3
× 10–6
× 10–9
× 10–12
× 10–15
f (femto)
# Displayed values are rounded off to the number
of significant digits you specify.
# The engineering symbol that makes the
mantissa a value from 1 to 1000 is automatically
selected by the calculator when engineering
notation is in effect.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
2-4-1
Function Calculations
2-4 Function Calculations
k Function Menus
This calculator includes five function menus that give you access to scientific functions not
printed on the key panel.
• The contents of the function menu differ according to the mode you entered from the Main
Menu before you pressed the K key. The following examples show function menus that
•
appear in the RUN MAT mode.
u Hyperbolic Calculations (HYP)
[OPTN]-[HYP]
• {sinh}/{cosh}/{tanh} ... hyperbolic {sine}/{cosine}/{tangent}
• {sinh–1}/{cosh–1}/{tanh–1} ... inverse hyperbolic {sine}/{cosine}/{tangent}
u Probability/Distribution Calculations (PROB)
• {x!} ... {press after inputting a value to obtain the factorial of the value.}
• {nPr}/{nCr} ... {permutation}/{combination}
[OPTN]-[PROB]
• {Ran#}... {pseudo random number generation (0 to 1)}
• {P(}/{Q(}/{R(} ... normal distribution probability {P(t)}/{Q(t)}/{R(t)}
• {t(} ... {value of normalized variate t(x)}
u Numeric Calculations (NUM)
[OPTN]-[NUM]
• {Abs} ... {select this item and input a value to obtain the absolute value of the value.}
• {Int}/{Frac} ... select the item and input a value to extract the {integer}/{fraction} part.
• {Rnd} ... {rounds off the value used for internal calculations to 10 significant digits
(to match the value in the Answer Memory), or to the number of decimal places (Fix)
and number of significant digits (Sci) specified by you.}
• {Intg} ... {select this item and input a value to obtain the largest integer that is not greater
than the value.}
• {RndFi} ... {rounds off the value used for internal calculations to specified digits (0~9)
(see page 2-1-3).}
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
2-4-2
Function Calculations
u Angle Units, Coordinate Conversion, Sexagesimal Operations (ANGL)
[OPTN]-[ANGL]
• {°}/{r}/{g} ... {degrees}/{radians}/{grads} for a specific input value
• {° ’ ”} ... {specifies degrees (hours), minutes, seconds when inputting a degrees/minutes/
seconds value}
• {
° ’ ”
} ... {converts decimal value to degrees/minutes/seconds value}*1
• {Pol(}/{Rec(} ... {rectangular-to-polar}/{polar-to-rectangular} coordinate conversion
• {'DMS} ... {converts decimal value to sexagesimal value}
u Engineering Symbol (ESYM)
[OPTN]-[ESYM]
• {m}/{µ}/{n}/{p}/{f} ... {milli (10–3)}/{micro (10–6)}/{nano (10–9)}/{pico (10–12)}/
{femto (10–15)}
• {k}/{M}/{G}/{T}/{P}/{E} ... {kilo (103)}/{mega (106)}/{giga (109)}/{tera (1012)}/{peta (1015)}/
{exa (1018)}
• {ENG}/{ENG} ... shifts the decimal place of the displayed value three digits to
the {left}/{right} and {decreases}/{increases} the exponent by three.*2
When you are using engineering notation, the engineering symbol is also changed
accordingly.
*1The {
} menu operation is available only
# ENG/ENG switching is disabled for the following
types of calculation results.
° ’ ”
when there is a calculation result on the
display.
- Result of matrix calculation input in the Math
*2The {ENG} and {ENG} menu operations are
available only when there is a calculation
result on the display.
input mode
- Result of list calculation input in the Math input
mode
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
2-4-3
Function Calculations
k Angle Units
To change the angle unit of an input value, first press K6(g)5(ANGL). On the
function key menu that appears, select “ ”, “r”, or “g”.
°
• Be sure to specify Comp for Mode in the Setup screen.
Example
Operation
To convert 4.25 rad to degrees:
243.5070629
!m(SET UP)cccccc1(Deg)J
4.25K6(g)5(ANGL)2(r)w
47.3° + 82.5rad = 4774.20181°
2°20Ј30Љ + 39Ј30Љ = 3°00Ј 00Љ
47.3+82.5K6(g)5(ANGL)2(r)w
2K6(g)5(ANGL)4(° ’ ”) 204(° ’ ”) 30
4(° ’ ”)+04(° ’ ”)394(° ’ ”)304(° ’ ”)w
5(
)
° ’ ”
2.255° = 2°15Ј18Љ
2.255K6(g)5(ANGL)6(g)3('DMS)w
# Once you specify an angle unit, it remains in
effect until you specify a different one. The
specification is retained even if you turn
power off.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
2-4-4
Function Calculations
k Trigonometric and Inverse Trigonometric Functions
• Be sure to set the angle unit before performing trigonometric function and inverse
trigonometric function calculations.
π
2
(90° = ––– radians = 100 grads)
• Be sure to specify Comp for Mode in the Setup screen.
Example
Operation
sin 63° = 0.8910065242
!m(SET UP)cccccc
1(Deg)J
s63w
π
3
cos (–– rad) = 0.5
!m(SET UP)cccccc
2(Rad)J
<Line>
c(!E(π)/3)w
<Math>
c$!E(π)c3w
tan (– 35gra) = – 0.6128007881
!m(SET UP)cccccc
3(Gra)J
t-35w
•
2 sin 45° × cos 65° = 0.5976724775
!m(SET UP)cccccc
1(Deg)J
2*s45*c65w*1
1
!m(SET UP)cccccc
1(Deg)J
cosec 30° =
= 2
sin30°
<Line>
1/s30w
<Math>
$1cs30w
sin-10.5 = 30°
(x when sinx = 0.5)
!m(SET UP)cccccc
1(Deg)J
!s(sin–1)0.5*2w
*1* can be omitted.
*2Input of leading zero is not necessary.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
2-4-5
Function Calculations
k Logarithmic and Exponential Functions
• Be sure to specify Comp for Mode in the Setup screen.
Example
Operation
log 1.23 (log101.23) = 0.08990511144
l1.23w
log2 8 = 3
<Line>
K4(CALC)6(g)4(log b)2,8)w
a
<Math>
4(MATH)2(log b) 2e8w
a
In 90 (loge90) = 4.49980967
I90w
101.23 = 16.98243652
!l(10x)1.23w
(To obtain the antilogarithm of common
logarithm 1.23)
e
4.5 = 90.0171313
!I(ex)4.5w
(To obtain the antilogarithm of natural
logarithm 4.5)
(–3)4 = (–3) × (–3) × (–3) × (–3) = 81
(-3)M4w
-3M4w
–34 = –(3 × 3 × 3 × 3) = –81
1
7
<Line>
7
123 (= 123 ) = 1.988647795
7!M(x )123w
<Math>
!M(x )7e123w
<Line>
2+3*3!M(x )64-4w*1
3
2 + 3 × 64 – 4 = 10
<Math>
2+3*!M(x )3e64e-4w
*1^ (xy) and x
multiplication and division.
take precedence over
# The Linear input mode and Math input mode
produce different results when two or more
powers are input in series, like: 2M3M2.
# You cannot use a differential, quadratic
differential, integration, Σ, maximum/minimum
value, Solve, RndFix or log ab calculation
expression inside of a log ab calculation term.
Linear input mode: 2^3^2 = 64
Math input mode:
= 512
This is because the Math input mode internally
treats the above input as: 2^(3^(2)).
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
2-4-6
Function Calculations
k Hyperbolic and Inverse Hyperbolic Functions
• Be sure to specify Comp for Mode in the Setup screen.
Example
Operation
sinh 3.6 = 18.28545536
K6(g)2(HYP)1(sinh)3.6w
cosh 1.5 – sinh 1.5
= 0.2231301601
(Display: –1.5)
(Proof of cosh x sinh x = e )
K6(g)2(HYP)2(cosh)1.5-
1(sinh)1.5w
I!-(Ans)w
= e–1.5
x
<Line>
20
15
cosh–1
= 0.7953654612
K6(g)2(HYP)5(cosh–1)(20/15)w
<Math>
K6(g)2(HYP)5(cosh–1)$20c15w
Determine the value of x
when tanh 4 x = 0.88
tanh–1 0.88
<Line>
x =
4
K6(g)2(HYP)6(tanh–1)0.88/4w
<Math>
= 0.3439419141
$K6(g)2(HYP)6(tanh–1)0.88c4w
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
2-4-7
Function Calculations
k Other Functions
• Be sure to specify Comp for Mode in the Setup screen.
Example
Operation
2 + 5 =3.65028154
!x( )2+!x(
)5w
(3 + i)= 1.755317302
+0.2848487846i
<Line>
!x( )(d+!a(i))w
<Math>
!x( )d+!a(i)w
(–3)2 = (–3) × (–3) = 9
–32 = –(3 × 3) = –9
(-3)xw
-3xw
1
<Line>
–––––– = 12
(3!)(x–1)-4!)(x–1))!)(x–1)w
1
1
–– – ––
3
4
<Math>
$1c$1c3e-$1c4w
8! (= 1 × 2 × 3 × .... × 8)
= 40320
8K6(g)3(PROB)1(x!)w
3
36 × 42 × 49 = 42
<Line>
!((3
)(36*42*49)w
)36*42*49w
<Math>
!((3
What is the absolute value of
3
4
the common logarithm of
?
3
4
<Line>
log
= 0.1249387366
|
|
K6(g)4(NUM)1(Abs)l(3/4)w
<Math>
4(MATH)3(Abs)l$3c4w
What is the integer part of
K6(g)4(NUM)2(Int)-3.5w
K6(g)4(NUM)3(Frac)-3.5w
K6(g)4(NUM)5(Intg)-3.5w
– 3.5?
– 3
What is the decimal part of
– 3.5?
– 0.5
What is the nearest integer
not exceeding – 3.5? – 4
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
2-4-8
Function Calculations
k Random Number Generation (Ran#)
This function generates a 10-digit truly random or sequentially random number that is greater
than zero and less than 1.
• A truly random number is generated if you do not specify anything for the argument.
Example
Operation
Ran# (Generates a random number.)
K6(g)3(PROB)4(Ran#)w
(Each press of w generates a new random
number.)
w
w
• Specifying an argument from 1 to 9 generates random numbers based on that sequence.
• Specifying an argument of 0 initializes the sequence.*1
Example
Operation
Ran# 1 (Generates the first random number in sequence 1.) K6(g)3(PROB)
4(Ran#)bw
(Generates the second random number in sequence 1.)
w
Ran# 0 (Initializes the sequence.)
4(Ran#)aw
Ran# 1 (Generates the first random number in sequence 1.) 4(Ran#)bw
*1Changing to a different sequence or
generating a totally random number (without
an argument) initializes the sequence.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
2-4-9
Function Calculations
k Coordinate Conversion
u Rectangular Coordinates
u Polar Coordinates
• With polar coordinates, θ can be calculated and displayed within a range of
–180°< θ < 180° (radians and grads have same range).
• Be sure to specify Comp for Mode in the Setup screen.
Example
Operation
Calculate r and θ° when x = 14 and y = 20.7
!m(SET UP)cccccc
1(Deg)J
K6(g)5(ANGL)6(g)1(Pol()
14,20.7)wJ
1
24.989
→
→
24.98979792 (r)
2
55.928
55.92839019 (θ)
Calculate x and y when r = 25 and θ = 56°
2(Rec()25,56)w
1
2
13.979
20.725
→
→
13.97982259 (x)
20.72593931 (y)
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
2-4-10
Function Calculations
k Permutation and Combination
u Permutation
u Combination
n!
nPr = –––––
(n – r)!
n!
nCr = –––––––
r! (n – r)!
• Be sure to specify Comp for Mode in the Setup screen.
Example
To calculate the possible number of different arrangements using 4
items selected from among 10 items
Formula
Operation
10K6(g)3(PROB)2(nPr)4w
10P4 = 5040
Example
To calculate the possible number of different combinations of 4 items
that can be selected from among 10 items
Formula
Operation
10K6(g)3(PROB)3(nCr)4w
10C4 = 210
k Fractions
How you should input fractions depends on the input mode that is currently selected.
Improper Fraction
Mixed Fraction
7
3
1
2
Math input mode
Linear input mode
3
($7c3)
(1$(()2e1c3)
7 { 3
2 { 1 { 3
Integer Part
Denominator
Numerator
Denominator
Numerator
(7$3)
(2$1$3)
• For information about the Math input mode, see “Input Operations in the Math Input Mode”
on page 1-3-8.
• Fraction calculation results are always reduced before being displayed.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
2-4-11
Function Calculations
• Be sure to specify Comp for Mode in the Setup screen.
Example
Operation
<Math>
2
5
1
4
73
–– + 3 –– = –––
20
$2c5e+!$(&)3e1c4 w
<Line>
2$5+3$1$4w
1
1
<Math>
–4
1
––––– + –––––
= 6.066202547 × 10 *
4572
2578
$1c2578e+$1c4572w
<Line>
1$2578+1$4572w
1
<Math>
$1c2e*.5w
–– × 0.5 = 0.25*2
2
<Line>
1$2*.5w
Display:
3
23
1.5+2.3!a(i)w
MM*3
1.5 + 2.3i = –– + –– i
3{2
+23{10i
2
10
1
12
7
<Math>
–––––– = ––
1
1
$1c$1c3e+$1c4w
–– + ––
3
4
<Line>
1$(1$3+1$4)w
*1When the total number of characters,
including integer, numerator, denominator
and delimiter marks exceeds 10, the fraction
is automatically displayed in decimal format.
*3Pressing M once when converting the decimal
part of a complex number to a fraction first
displays the real part and imaginary part on
separate lines.
*2Calculations containing both fractions and
decimals are calculated in decimal format.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
2-4-12
Function Calculations
Switching between improper fraction and mixed fraction format
Pressing the !M(
improper fraction format.
) key toggles the display fraction between mixed fraction and
<
Switching between fraction and decimal format
⇒
M
⇐
• If the calculation result includes a fraction, the display format (improper fraction or mixed
fraction) is in accordance with the “Frac Result” setting of the Setup screen. For details,
see “1-7 Using the Setup Screen”.
• You cannot switch from decimal format to mixed fraction format if the total number of digits
used in the mixed fraction (including integer, numerator, denominator, and separator
symbols) is greater than 10.
k Engineering Notation Calculations
Input engineering symbols using the engineering notation menu.
• Be sure to specify Comp for Mode in the Setup screen.
Example
Operation
!m(SET UP) f (or c 12 times)
4(Eng)J
999k (kilo) + 25k (kilo)
= 1.024M (mega)
999K6(g)6(g)1(EYSM)6(g)1(k)+
251(k)w
9 ÷ 10 = 0.9 = 900m (milli)
= 0.9
9/10w
K6(g)6(g)1(EYSM)6(g)6(g)3(ENG)*1
= 0.0009k (kilo)
= 0.9
= 900m
3(ENG)*1
2(ENG)*2
2(ENG)*2
*1Converts the displayed value to the next higher
engineering unit, by shifting the decimal point
three places to the right.
*2Converts the displayed value to the next lower
engineering unit, by shifting the decimal point
three places to the left.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
2-5-1
Numerical Calculations
2-5 Numerical Calculations
The following describes the items that are available in the menus you use when performing
differential/quadratic differential, integration, Σ, maximum/minimum value, and Solve
calculations.
When the option menu is on the display, press 4(CALC) to display the function analysis
menu. The items of this menu are used when performing specific types of calculations.
• {Solve}/{d/dx}/{d2/dx2}/{∫dx}/{FMin}/{FMax}/{Σ(} ... {solve}/{differential}/
{quadratic differential}/{integration}/{minimum value}/{maximum value}/{Σ (sigma)}
calculations
k Solve Calculations
The following is the syntax for using the Solve function in a program.
Solve( f(x), n, a, b)
(a: lower limit, b: upper limit, n: initial estimated value)
There are two different input methods that can be used for Solve calculations: direct
assignment and variable table input.
With the direct assignment method (the one described here), you assign values directly to
variables. This type of input is identical to that used with the Solve command used in the
PRGM mode.
Variable table input is used with the Solve function in the EQUA mode. This input method is
recommended for most normal Solve function input.
An error (Time Out) occurs when there is no convergence of the solution.
For information about Solve calculations, see page 4-3-1.
# Pressing A during calculation of Solve
(while the cursor is not shown on the display)
interrupts the calculation.
# You cannot use a differential, quadratic
differential, integration, Σ, maximum/minimum
value, Solve, RndFix or log ab calculation
expression inside of a Solve calculation term.
20076011001
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
2-5-2
Numerical Calculations
k Differential Calculations
[OPTN]-[CALC]-[d/dx]
To perform differential calculations, first display the function analysis menu, and then input
the values using the syntax below.
K4(CALC)2(d/dx) f(x),a,tol)
(a: point for which you want to determine the
derivative, tol: tolerance)
d
d/dx ( f (x), a) ⇒ ––– f (a)
dx
The differentiation for this type of calculation is defined as:
f (a + Ax) – f (a)
f '(a) = lim –––––––––––––
Ax→0
Ax
In this definition, infinitesimal is replaced by a sufficiently small Ax, with the value in the
neighborhood of f ' (a) calculated as:
f (a + Ax) – f (a)
f '(a) –––––––––––––
Ax
In order to provide the best precision possible, this unit employs central difference to perform
differential calculations.
Using Differential Calculation in a Graph Function
• Omitting the tolerance (tol) value when using the differential command inside of a graph
function simplifies the calculation for drawing the graph. In such a case, precision is
sacrificed for the sake of faster drawing. The tolerance value is specified, the graph is
drawn with the same precision obtained when you normally perform a differential
calculation.
• You can also omit input of the derivative point by using the following format for the
differential graph: Y2=d/dx(Y1). In this case, the value of the X variable is used as the
derivative point.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
2-5-3
Numerical Calculations
Example
To determine the derivative at point x = 3 for the function
y = x3 + 4x2 + x – 6, with a tolerance of “tol” = 1E – 5
Input the function f(x).
AK4(CALC)2(d/dx)vMd+evx+v-g,
Input point x = a for which you want to determine the derivative.
d,
Input the tolerance value.
bE-f)
w
<Math>
A4(MATH)4(d/dx)vMde
+evx+v-ged
w
# In the Math input mode, the tolerance value is
fixed at 1E-10 and cannot be changed.
# In the function f(x), only X can be used as
a variable in expressions. Other variables
(A through Z excluding X, r, θ) are treated
as constants, and the value currently
assigned to that variable is applied during the
calculation.
# Inaccurate results and errors can be caused by
the following:
- discontinuous points in x values
- extreme changes in x values
- inclusion of the local maximum point and local
minimum point in x values
- inclusion of the inflection point in x values
- inclusion of undifferentiable points in x values
- differential calculation results approaching zero
# Input of the tolerance (tol) value and the
closing parenthesis can be omitted. If you
omit tolerance (tol) value, the calculator
automatically uses a value for tol as 1E-10.
# Specify a tolerance (tol) value of 1E-14 or
greater. An error (Time Out) occurs whenever
no solution that satisfies the tolerance value
can be obtained.
20076011001
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
2-5-4
Numerical Calculations
u Applications of Differential Calculations
• Differentials can be added, subtracted, multiplied or divided with each other.
d
d
––– f (a) = f '(a), ––– g (a) = g'(a)
dx dx
Therefore:
f '(a) + g'(a), f '(a) × g'(a), etc.
• Differential results can be used in addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division, and in
functions.
2 × f '(a), log ( f '(a)), etc.
• Functions can be used in any of the terms ( f (x), a, tol) of a differential.
d
––– (sinx + cosx, sin0.5, 1E - 8), etc.
dx
# Pressing A during calculation of a differential
(while the cursor is not shown on the display)
interrupts the calculation.
# You cannot use a differential, quadratic
differential, integration, Σ, maximum/minimum
value, Solve, RndFix or log ab calculation
expression inside a differential calculation
term.
# Always use radians (Rad mode) as the angle
unit when performing trigonometric differentials.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
2-5-5
Numerical Calculations
k Quadratic Differential Calculations
[OPTN]-[CALC]-[d2/dx2]
After displaying the function analysis menu, you can input quadratic differentials using the
following syntax.
K4(CALC)3(d2/dx2) f(x),a,tol)
(a: differential coefficient point, tol: tolerance)
2
2
d
d
––– ( f (x), a)
––– f(a)
⇒
2
2
dx
dx
Quadratic differential calculations produce an approximate differential value using the
following second order differential formula, which is based on Newton’s polynomial
interpretation.
2 f(a + 3h) – 27 f(a + 2h) + 270 f(a + h) – 490 f(a) + 270 f(a – h) – 27 f(a –2h) + 2 f(a – 3h)
f ''(a) =
2
180h
In this expression, values for “sufficiently small increments of h” are used to obtain a value
that approximates f ”(a).
Example
To determine the quadratic differential coefficient at the point where
x = 3 for the function y = x3 + 4x2 + x – 6
Here we will use a tolerance tol = 1E – 5
Input the function f(x).
AK4(CALC)3(d2/dx2) vMd+
evx+v-g,
Input 3 as point a, which is the differential coefficient point.
d,
Input the tolerance value.
bE-f)
w
# In the function f(x), only X can be used as
a variable in expressions. Other variables
(A through Z excluding X, r, θ) are treated
as constants, and the value currently
assigned to that variable is applied during the
calculation.
# Input of the tolerance (tol) value and the closing
parenthesis can be omitted.
# Specify a tolerance (tol) value of 1E-14 or
greater. An error (Time Out) occurs whenever
no solution that satisfies the tolerance value can
be obtained.
20076011001
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
2-5-6
Numerical Calculations
<Math>
A4(MATH)5(d2/dx2)vMde
+evx+v-gedw
u Quadratic Differential Applications
• Arithmetic operations can be performed using two quadratic differentials.
2
2
d
d
f (a) = f ''(a),
g (a) = g''(a)
–––
–––
2
2
dx
dx
Therefore:
f (a) + g (a), f (a) g (a), etc.
'' × ''
''
''
• The result of a quadratic differential calculation can be used in a subsequent arithmetic
or function calculation.
2
(a), log ( f (a) ), etc.
''
× f''
• Functions can be used within the terms (f(x), a, tolꢀ) of a quadratic differential
expression.
2
d
(sin + cos , sin 0.5, 1E - 8), etc.
–––
x
x
2
dx
# You can interrupt an ongoing quadratic
differential calculation by pressing the A key.
# In the Math input mode, the tolerance value is
fixed at 1E-10 and cannot be changed.
# Always use radians (Rad mode) as the angle
unit when performing trigonometric quadratic
differentials.
# The rules that apply for linear differential also
apply when using a quadratic differential
calculation for the graph formula (see page
2-5-2).
# You cannot use a differential, quadratic
differential, integration, Σ, maximum/minimum
value, Solve, RndFix or log ab calculation
expression inside of a quadratic differential
calculation term.
# Inaccurate results and errors can be caused
by the following:
- discontinuous points in x values
- extreme changes in x values
- inclusion of the local maximum point and
local minimum point in x values
- inclusion of the inflection point in x values
- inclusion of undifferentiable points in x values
- differential calculation results approaching
zero
# With quadratic differential calculation,
calculation precision is up to five digits for the
mantissa.
20076011001
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
2-5-7
Numerical Calculations
k Integration Calculations
[OPTN]-[CALC]-[∫dx]
To perform integration calculations, first display the function analysis menu and then input
the values using the syntax below.
K4(CALC)4 (∫dx) f(x) , a , b , tol )
(a: start point, b: end point, tol: tolerance)
b
a
( f(x), a, b, tol) ⇒
f(x)dx
∫
∫
Area of b f(x)dx is calculated
∫
a
As shown in the illustration above, integration calculations are performed by calculating
integral values from a through b for the function y = f (x) where a < x < b, and f (x) > 0. This
in effect calculates the surface area of the shaded area in the illustration.
Example
To perform the integration calculation for the function shown
below, with a tolerance of “tol” = 1E - 4
5 (2x2 + 3x + 4) dx
∫
1
Input the function f (x).
AK4(CALC)4(∫dx)cvx+dv+e,
Input the start point and end point.
b,f,
Input the tolerance value.
bE-e)
w
# If f (x) < 0 where a < x < b, the surface area
calculation produces negative values (surface
area × – 1).
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
2-5-8
Numerical Calculations
<Math>
4(MATH)6(g)1(∫dx)cvx+
dv+eebffw
u Application of Integration Calculation
• Integrals can be used in addition, subtraction, multiplication or division.
b f(x) dx + d g(x) dx, etc.
∫
∫
a
c
• Integration results can be used in addition, subtraction, multiplication or division, in
functions.
2 × b f(x) dx, etc. log ( b f(x) dx), etc.
∫
∫
a
a
• Functions can be used in any of the terms ( f(x), a, b, tol) of an integral.
cos 0.5
(sin x + cos x) dx = (sin x + cos x, sin 0.5, cos 0.5, 1E - 4)
∫
∫
sin 0.5
# In the Math input mode, the tolerance value is
fixed at 1E-5 and cannot be changed.
# Integration calculations can take a long time to
complete.
# In the function f(x), only X can be used as a
variable in expressions. Other variables (A
through Z excluding X, r, θ) are treated as
constants, and the value currently assigned to
that variable is applied during the calculation.
# You cannot use a differential, quadratic
differential, integration, Σ, maximum/minimum
value, Solve, RndFix or log ab calculation
expression inside of an integration calculation
term.
# Input of “tol” and closing parenthesis can be
omitted. If you omit “tol,” the calculator
automatically uses a default value of 1E-5.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
2-5-9
Numerical Calculations
Note the following points to ensure correct integration values.
(1) When cyclical functions for integration values become positive or negative for different
divisions, perform the calculation for single cycles, or divide between negative and
positive, and then add the results together.
Positive
part (S)
Negative part (S)
b f(x)dx = c f(x)dx + (– b f(x)dx)
∫
∫
∫
a
a
c
Positive part (S)
Negative part (S)
(2) When minute fluctuations in integration divisions produce large fluctuations in integration
values, calculate the integration divisions separately (divide the large fluctuation areas
into smaller divisions), and then add the results together.
x
x
b f(x)dx = 1 f(x)dx + 2 f(x)dx +.....+ f(x)dx
b
∫
∫
∫
∫
a
a
x1
x4
# Pressing A during calculation of an integral
(while the cursor is not shown on the display)
interrupts the calculation.
# An error (Time Out) occurs whenever no
solution that satisfies the tolerance value can
be obtained.
# Always use radians (Rad mode) as the angle
unit when performing trigonometric
integrations.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
2-5-10
Numerical Calculations
k Σ Calculations
[OPTN]-[CALC]-[Σ]
To perform Σ calculations, first display the function analysis menu, and then input the values
using the syntax below.
K4(CALC)6(g)3(Σ( ) ak , k , α , β , n )
β
(ak, k, α, β, n) =
a
k
=aα + aα+1 +........+ aβ
Σ
Σ
k = α
(n: distance between partitions)
Example
To calculate the following:
6
(k2 – 3k + 5)
Σ
k = 2
Use n = 1 as the distance between partitions.
AK4(CALC)6(g)3(Σ( )a,(K)
x-da,(K)+f,
a,(K),c,g,b)w
<Math>
A4(MATH)6(g)2(Σ( )a,(K)
x-da,(K)+fe
a,(K)ecfgw
# The value of the specified variable changes
during a Σ calculation. Be sure to keep
separate written records of the specified
variable values you might need later before
you perform the calculation.
# Input integers only for the initial term (α) of
sequence ak and last term (β) of sequence ak .
# Input of n and the closing parentheses can be
omitted. If you omit n, the calculator automati-
cally uses n = 1.
# You can use only one variable in the function for
input sequence ak.
# In the Math input mode, the distance between
partitions (n) is fixed at 1 and cannot be
changed.
2006506401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
2-5-11
Numerical Calculations
u Σ Calculation Applications
• Arithmetic operations using Σ calculation expressions
n
n
S
n
=
ak, Tn
=
b
k
Expressions:
Σ
Σ
k = 1
k = 1
Possible operations:
S
n
+ Tn, Sn – Tn, etc.
• Arithmetic and function operations using Σ calculation results
2 × Sn, log (Sn), etc.
• Function operations using Σ calculation terms (ak, k)
Σ (sink, k, 1, 5), etc.
# You cannot use a differential, quadratic
differential, integration, Σ, maximum/minimum
value, Solve, RndFix or log ab calculation
expression inside of a Σ calculation term.
# Make sure that the value used as the final term
β is greater than the value used as the initial
term α. Otherwise, an error will occur.
# To interrupt an ongoing Σ calculation (indicated
when the cursor is not on the display), press the
A key.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
2-5-12
Numerical Calculations
k Maximum/Minimum Value Calculations
[OPTN]-[CALC]-[FMin]/[FMax]
After displaying the function analysis menu, you can input maximum/minimum calculations
using the formats below, and solve for the maximum and minimum of a function within
interval a < x < b.
uMinimum Value
K4(CALC)6(g)1(FMin) f(x) , a , b , n )
(a: start point of interval, b: end point of interval, n: precision (n = 1 to 9))
uMaximum Value
K4(CALC)6(g)2(FMax) f(x), a , b , n )
(a: start point of interval, b: end point of interval, n: precision (n = 1 to 9))
Example 1 To determine the minimum value for the interval defined by start
point a = 0 and end point b = 3, with a precision of n = 6 for the
function y = x2 – 4x + 9
Input f(x).
AK4(CALC)6(g)1(FMin) vx-ev+j,
Input the interval a = 0, b = 3.
a,d,
Input the precision n = 6.
g)
w
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
2-5-13
Numerical Calculations
Example 2 To determine the maximum value for the interval defined by start
point a = 0 and end point b = 3, with a precision of n = 6 for the
function y = –x2 + 2x + 2
Input f(x).
AK4(CALC)6(g)2(FMax) -vx+cv+c,
Input the interval a = 0, b = 3.
a,d,
Input the precision n = 6.
g)
w
# In the function f(x), only X can be used as a
variable in expressions. Other variables (A
through Z excluding X, r, θ) are treated as
constants, and the value currently assigned to
that variable is applied during the calculation.
# Inputting a larger value for n increases the
precision of the calculation, but it also increases
the amount of time required to perform the
calculation.
# The value you input for the end point of the
interval (b) must be greater than the value you
input for the start point (a). Otherwise an error
occurs.
# Input of n and the closing parenthesis can be
omitted.
# Discontinuous points or sections with drastic
fluctuation can adversely affect precision or
even cause an error.
# You can interrupt an ongoing maximum/
minimum calculation by pressing the A key.
# You cannot use a differential, quadratic
differential, integration, Σ, maximum/minimum
value, Solve, RndFix or log ab calculation
expression inside of a maximum/minimum
calculation term.
# You can input an integer in the range of 1 to 9
for the value of n. Using any value outside this
range causes an error.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
2-6-1
Complex Number Calculations
2-6 Complex Number Calculations
You can perform addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, parentheses calculations,
function calculations, and memory calculations with complex numbers just as you do with the
manual calculations described on pages 2-1-1 and 2-4-7.
You can select the complex number calculation mode by changing the Complex Mode item
on the Setup screen to one of the following settings.
• {Real} ... Calculation in the real number range only*1
• {a+bi} ... Performs complex number calculation and displays results in rectangular
form
• {r∠θ} ... Performs complex number calculation and displays results in polar form*2
Press K3(CPLX) to display the complex calculation number menu, which contains the
following items.
• {i} ... {imaginary unit i input}
• {Abs}/{Arg} ... obtains {absolute value}/{argument}
• {Conj} ... {obtains conjugate}
• {ReP}/{ImP} ... {real}/{imaginary} part extraction
• {'r∠θ}/{'a+bi} ... converts the result to {polar}/{rectangular} form
*1 When there is an imaginary number in the
argument, however, complex number
calculation is performed and the result is
displayed using rectangular form.
# Solutions obtained by the Real, a+bi and r∠θ
modes are different for power root (xy) calculations
when x < 0 and y = m/n when n is an odd number.
Example:
Examples:
3x (- 8) = – 2 (Real)
= 1 + 1.732050808i (a+bi)
= 2∠60 (r∠θ)
ln 2i
= 0.6931471806 + 1.570796327i
ln 2i + ln (- 2 ) = (Non-Real ERROR)
*2 The display range of θ depends on the angle
unit set for the Angle item on the Setup
screen.
# To input the “∠ ” operator into the polar coordinate
expression (r∠θ), press !v.
• Deg ... –180 < θ < 180
• Rad ... – π < θ < π
• Gra ... –200 < θ < 200
200506401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
2-6-2
Complex Number Calculations
k Arithmetic Operations
[OPTN]-[CPLX]-[i]
Arithmetic operations are the same as those you use for manual calculations. You can even
use parentheses and memory.
Example 1 (1 + 2i) + (2 + 3i)
AK3(CPLX)
(b+c1(i))
+(c+d1(i))w
Example 2 (2 + i) × (2 – i)
AK3(CPLX)
(c+1(i))
*(c-1(i))w
k Reciprocals, Square Roots, and Squares
Example
(3 + i)
AK3(CPLX)
!x( )(d+1(i))w
k Complex Number Format Using Polar Form
Example
2∠30 × 3∠45 = 6∠75
!m(SET UP)cccccc
1(Deg)c3(r∠θ)J
Ac!v(∠)da*d
!v(∠)efw
# You can also use !a(i) in place of
K3(CPLX)1(i).
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
2-6-3
Complex Number Calculations
k Absolute Value and Argument
[OPTN]-[CPLX]-[Abs]/[Arg]
The unit regards a complex number in the form a + bi as a coordinate on a Gaussian plane,
and calculates absolute value Z and argument (arg).
Example
To calculate absolute value (r) and argument (θ) for the complex
number 3 + 4i, with the angle unit set for degrees
Imaginary axis
Real axis
AK3(CPLX)2(Abs)
(d+e1(i))w
(Calculation of absolute value)
AK3(CPLX)3(Arg)
(d+e1(i))w
(Calculation of argument)
k Conjugate Complex Numbers
[OPTN]-[CPLX]-[Conj]
A complex number of the form a + bi becomes a conjugate complex number of the form
a – bi.
Example
To calculate the conjugate complex number for the complex number 2
+ 4i
AK3(CPLX)4(Conj)
(c+e1(i))w
# The result of the argument calculation differs
in accordance with the current angle unit
setting (degrees, radians, grads).
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
2-6-4
Complex Number Calculations
k Extraction of Real and Imaginary Parts
[OPTN]-[CPLX]-[ReP]/[lmP]
Use the following procedure to extract the real part a and the imaginary part b from a
complex number of the form a + bi.
Example
To extract the real and imaginary parts of the complex number 2 + 5i
AK3(CPLX)6(g)1(ReP)
(c+f6(g)1(i))w
(Real part extraction)
AK3(CPLX)6(g)2(ImP)
(c+f6(g)1(i))w
(Imaginary part extraction)
# The input/output range of complex numbers is
normally 10 digits for the mantissa and two
digits for the exponent.
# The following functions can be used with
complex numbers.
x
, x2, x–1, ^(xy), 3
,
, In, log, log b, 10x, ex,
a
Int, Frac, Rnd, Intg, RndFix(, Fix, Sci, ENG,
# When a complex number has more than 21
digits, the real part and imaginary part are
displayed on separate lines.
ENG, ° ’ ”,
, a b/c, d/c
° ’ ”
# When either the real part or imaginary part of
a complex number equals zero, that part is not
displayed in rectangular form.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
2-6-5
Complex Number Calculations
k Polar and Rectangular Form Transformation
[OPTN]-[CPLX]-['r∠θ]/['a+bi]
Use the following procedure to transform a complex number displayed in rectangular form to
polar form, and vice versa.
Example
To transform the rectangular form of complex number 1 + 3i to its
polar form
!m(SET UP)cccccc
1(Deg)c2(a+bi)J
Ab+(!x( )d)
K3(CPLX)1(i)6(g)3('r∠θ)w
Ac!v(∠)ga
K3(CPLX)6(g)4('a+bi)w
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
2-7-1
Binary, Octal, Decimal, and Hexadecimal Calculations with Integers
2-7 Binary, Octal, Decimal, and Hexadecimal
Calculations with Integers
•
You can use the RUN MAT mode and binary, octal, decimal, and hexadecimal settings to
perform calculations that involve binary, octal, decimal and hexadecimal values. You can also
convert between number systems and perform bitwise operations.
• You cannot use scientific functions in binary, octal, decimal, and hexadecimal calcula-
tions.
• You can use only integers in binary, octal, decimal, and hexadecimal calculations, which
means that fractional values are not allowed. If you input a value that includes a decimal
part, the calculator automatically cuts off the decimal part.
• If you attempt to enter a value that is invalid for the number system (binary, octal,
decimal, hexadecimal) you are using, the calculator displays an error message. The
following shows the numerals that can be used in each number system.
Binary: 0, 1
Octal: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
Decimal: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
Hexadecimal: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A, B, C, D, E, F
• Negative binary, octal, and hexadecimal values are produced using the two’s comple-
ment of the original value.
• The following are the display capacities for each of the number systems.
Number System
Binary
Display Capacity
16 digits
Octal
11 digits
Decimal
10 digits
Hexadecimal
8 digits
# The alphabetic characters used in the
Normal Text
A
B
C
D
E
F
hexadecimal number appear differently on
the display to distinguish them from text
characters.
Hexadecimal Values
u
v
w
x
y
z
Keys
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
2-7-2
Binary, Octal, Decimal, and Hexadecimal Calculations with Integers
• The following are the calculation ranges for each of the number systems.
Binary Values
Positive: 0 < x < 111111111111111
Negative: 1000000000000000 < x < 1111111111111111
Octal Values
Positive: 0 < x < 17777777777
Negative: 20000000000 < x < 37777777777
Decimal Values
Positive: 0 < x < 2147483647
Negative: –2147483648 < x < –1
Hexadecimal Values
Positive: 0 < x < 7FFFFFFF
Negative: 80000000 < x < FFFFFFFF
u To perform a binary, octal, decimal, or hexadecimal calculation
[SET UP]- [Mode] -[Dec]/[Hex]/[Bin]/[Oct]
•
1. In the main menu, select RUN MAT.
2. Press !m(SET UP)c and then specify the default number system by pressing
2(Dec), 3(Hex), 4(Bin), or 5(Oct) for the Mode setting.
3. Press J to change to the screen for calculation input. This causes a function menu
with the following items to appear.
• {d~o}/{LOG}/{DISP} ... {number system specification}/{bitwise operation}/
{decimal/hexadecimal/binary/octal conversion} menu
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
2-7-3
Binary, Octal, Decimal, and Hexadecimal Calculations with Integers
k Selecting a Number System
You can specify decimal, hexadecimal, binary, or octal as the default number system using
the Setup screen.
u To specify a number system for an input value
You can specify a number system for each individual value you input. Press 1(d~o) to
display a menu of number system symbols. Press the function key that corresponds to the
symbol you want to select and then input the value.
• {d}/{h}/{b}/{o} ... {decimal}/{hexadecimal}/{binary}/{octal}
u To input values of mixed number systems
Example
To input 12310 or 10102, when the default number system is
hexadecimal
!m(SET UP)c3(Hex)J
A1(d~o)1(d)bcdw
3(b)babaw
k Arithmetic Operations
Example 1 To calculate 101112 + 110102
!m(SET UP)c4(Bin)J
Ababbb+
bbabaw
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
2-7-4
Binary, Octal, Decimal, and Hexadecimal Calculations with Integers
Example 2 To input and execute 1238 × ABC16, when the default number system is
decimal or hexadecimal
!m(SET UP)c2(Dec)J
A1(d~o)4(o)bcd*
2(h)ABC*1w
J3(DISP)2('Hex)w
k Negative Values and Bitwise Operations
Press 2(LOG) to display a menu of negation and bitwise operators.
• {Neg} ... {negation}*2
• {Not}/{and}/{or}/{xor}/{xnor} ... {NOT}*3/{AND}/{OR}/{XOR}/{XNOR}*4
u Negative Values
Example
To determine the negative of 1100102
!m(SET UP)c4(Bin)J
A2(LOG)1(Neg)
bbaabaw
uBitwise Operations
Example 1 To input and execute “12016 and AD16”
!m(SET UP)c3(Hex)J
Abca2(LOG)
3(and)AD*1w
*1 See page 2-7-1.
# Negative binary, octal, and hexadecimal values
are produced by taking the binary two’s
complement and then returning the result to the
original number base. With the decimal number
base, negative values are displayed with a minus
sign.
*2 two’s complement
*3 one’s complement (bitwise complement)
*4 bitwise AND, bitwise OR, bitwise XOR,
bitwise XNOR
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
2-7-5
Binary, Octal, Decimal, and Hexadecimal Calculations with Integers
Example 2 To display the result of “368 or 11102” as an octal value
!m(SET UP)c5(Oct)J
Adg2(LOG)
4(or)J1(d~o)3(b)
bbbaw
Example 3 To negate 2FFFED16
!m(SET UP)c3(Hex)J
A2(LOG)2(Not)
cFFFED*1w
uNumber System Transformation
Press 3(DISP) to display a menu of number system transformation functions.
• {'Dec}/{'Hex}/{'Bin}/{'Oct} ... transformation of displayed value to its {decimal}/
{hexadecimal}/{binary}/{octal} equivalent
u To convert a displayed value from one number system to another
Example
To convert 2210 (default number system) to its binary or octal value
A!m(SET UP)c2(Dec)J
1(d~o)1(d)ccw
J3(DISP)3('Bin)w
4('Oct)w
1
*
See page 2-7-1.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
2-8-1
Matrix Calculations
2-8 Matrix Calculations
•
From the Main Menu, enter the RUN MAT mode, and press 1('MAT) to perform Matrix
calculations.
26 matrix memories (Mat A through Mat Z) plus a Matrix Answer Memory (MatAns), make it
possible to perform the following matrix operations.
• Addition, subtraction, multiplication
• Scalar multiplication calculations
• Determinant calculations
• Matrix transposition
• Matrix inversion
• Matrix squaring
• Raising a matrix to a specific power
• Absolute value, integer part extraction, fractional part extraction, maximum integer
calculations
• Matrix modification using matrix commands
The maximum number of rows that can be specified for a matrix is 255, and the maximum
number of columns is 255.
• Whenever you perform a matrix calculation, the
current Matrix Answer Memory contents are
replaced by the new result. The previous
# About Matrix Answer Memory (MatAns)
The calculator automatically stores matrix
calculation results in Matrix Answer
Memory. Note the following points about
Matrix Answer Memory.
contents are deleted and cannot be recovered.
• Inputting values into a matrix does not affect
Matrix Answer Memory contents.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
2-8-2
Matrix Calculations
k Inputting and Editing Matrices
Pressing 1('MAT) displays the Matrix Editor screen. Use the Matrix Editor to input and
edit matrices.
m × n … m (row) × n (column) matrix
None… no matrix preset
• {DEL}/{DEL·A} ... deletes {a specific matrix}/{all matrices}
• {DIM} ... {specifies the matrix dimensions (number of cells)}
u Creating a Matrix
To create a matrix, you must first define its dimensions (size) in the Matrix Editor. Then you
can input values into the matrix.
u To specify the dimensions (size) of a matrix
Example
To create a 2-row × 3-column matrix in the area named Mat B
Highlight Mat B.
c
3(DIM) (This step can be omitted.)
Specify the number of rows.
cw
Specify the number of columns.
dw
w
• All of the cells of a new matrix contain the value 0.
# If “Memory ERROR” remains next to the matrix
area name after you input the dimensions, it
means there is not enough free memory to create
the matrix you want.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
2-8-3
Matrix Calculations
u To input cell values
Example
To input the following data into Matrix B :
1
4
2
5
3
6
The following operation is a continuation of the example calculation on the previous page.
bwcwdw
ewfwgw
(Data is input into the highlighted cell.
Each time you press w, the highlighting
moves to the next cell to the right.)
To exit the Matrix input screen, press J.
# You cannot input complex numbers into the
cell of a matrix.
# You can see the entire value assigned to
a cell by using the cursor keys to move the
highlighting to the cell whose value you want
to view.
# Displayed cell values show positive
integers up to six digits, and negative
integers up to five digits (one digit used
for the negative sign). Exponential values
are shown with up to two digits for the
exponent. Fractional values are not
displayed.
20076011001
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
2-8-4
Matrix Calculations
uDeleting Matrices
You can delete either a specific matrix or all matrices in memory.
u To delete a specific matrix
1. While the Matrix Editor is on the display, use f and c to highlight the matrix you
want to delete.
2. Press 1(DEL).
3. Press 1(Yes) to delete the matrix or 6(No) to abort the operation without deleting
anything.
u To delete all matrices
1. While the Matrix Editor is on the display, press 2(DEL·A).
2. Press 1(Yes) to delete all matrices in memory or 6(No) to abort the operation
without deleting anything.
# The indicator “None” replaces the
dimensions of the matrix you delete.
# Inputting the format or changing the dimensions
of a matrix deletes its current contents.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
2-8-5
Matrix Calculations
k Matrix Cell Operations
Use the following procedure to prepare a matrix for cell operations.
1. While the Matrix Editor is on the display, use f and c to highlight the name of the
matrix you want to use.
You can jump to a specific matrix by inputting the letter that corresponds to the matrix
name. Inputting ai(N), for example, jumps to Mat N.
Pressing !-(Ans) jumps to the Matrix current Memory.
2. Press w and the function menu with the following items appears.
• {R-OP} ... {row operation menu}
• {ROW}
• {DEL}/{INS}/{ADD} ... row {delete}/{insert}/{add}
• {COL}
• {DEL}/{INS}/{ADD} ... column {delete}/{insert}/{add}
• {EDIT} ... {cell editing screen}
All of the following examples use Matrix A.
u Row Calculations
The following menu appears whenever you press 1(R-OP) while a recalled matrix is on the
display.
• {Swap} ... {row swap}
• {×Rw} ... {product of specified row and scalar}
• {×Rw+} ... {addition of one row and the product of a specified row with a scalar}
• {Rw+} ... {addition of specified row to another row}
u To swap two rows
Example
To swap rows two and three of the following matrix :
1
3
5
2
4
6
Matrix A =
1(R-OP)1(Swap)
Input the number of the rows you want to swap.
cwdw
6(EXE) (orw)
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
2-8-6
Matrix Calculations
u To calculate the scalar multiplication of a row
Example
To calculate the product of row 2 of the following matrix and the scalar
4 :
1
3
5
2
4
6
Matrix A =
1(R-OP)2(×Rw)
Input multiplier value.
ew
Specify row number.
cw
6(EXE) (orw)
u To calculate the scalar multiplication of a row and add the result to another
row
Example
To calculate the product of row 2 of the following matrix and the scalar
4, then add the result to row 3 :
1
3
5
2
4
6
Matrix A =
1(R-OP)3(×Rw+)
Input multiplier value.
ew
Specify number of row whose product should be
calculated.
cw
Specify number of row where result should be added.
dw
6(EXE) (orw)
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
2-8-7
Matrix Calculations
u To add two rows together
Example
To add row 2 to row 3 of the following matrix :
1
3
5
2
4
6
Matrix A =
1(R-OP)4(Rw+)
Specify number of row to be added.
cw
Specify number of row to be added to.
dw
6(EXE) (or w)
u Row Operations
• {DEL} ... {delete row}
• {INS} ... {insert row}
• {ADD} ... {add row}
u To delete a row
Example
To delete row 2 of the following matrix :
1
3
5
2
4
6
Matrix A =
c
2(ROW)1(DEL)
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
2-8-8
Matrix Calculations
u To insert a row
Example
To insert a new row between rows one and two of the following
matrix :
1
3
5
2
4
6
Matrix A =
c
2(ROW)2(INS)
u To add a row
Example
To add a new row below row 3 of the following matrix :
1
3
5
2
4
6
Matrix A =
cc
2(ROW)3(ADD)
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
2-8-9
Matrix Calculations
uColumn Operations
• {DEL} ... {delete column}
• {INS} ... {insert column}
• {ADD} ... {add column}
u To delete a column
Example
To delete column 2 of the following matrix :
1
3
5
2
4
6
Matrix A =
e
3(COL)1(DEL)
u To insert a column
Example
To insert a new column between columns 1 and 2 of the following
matrix :
1
3
5
2
4
6
Matrix A =
e
3(COL)2(INS)
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
2-8-10
Matrix Calculations
u To add a column
Example To add a new column to the right of column 2 of the following
matrix :
1
3
5
2
4
6
Matrix A =
e
3(COL)3(ADD)
k Modifying Matrices Using Matrix Commands
u To display the matrix commands
[OPTN]-[MAT]
•
1. From the Main Menu, enter the RUN MAT mode.
2. Press K to display the option menu.
3. Press 2(MAT) to display the matrix command menu.
The following describes only the matrix command menu items that are used for creating
matrices and inputting matrix data.
• {Mat} ... {Mat command (matrix specification)}
→
→
• {M L} ... {Mat List command (assign contents of selected column to list file)}
• {Det} ... {Det command (determinant command)}
• {Trn} ... {Trn command (transpose matrix command)}
• {Aug} ... {Augment command (link two matrices)}
• {Iden} ... {Identity command (identity matrix input)}
• {Dim} ... {Dim command (dimension check)}
• {Fill} ... {Fill command (identical cell values)}
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
2-8-11
Matrix Calculations
u Matrix Data Input Format
[OPTN]-[MAT]-[Mat]
The following shows the format you should use when inputting data to create a matrix using
the Mat command.
a11 a12
a21 a22
a1n
a2n
am1 am2
amn
= [ [a11, a12, ..., a1n] [a21, a22, ..., a2n] .... [am1, am2, ..., amn] ]
→ Mat [letter A through Z]
Example 1 To input the following data as Matrix A :
1
3
5
2
4
6
!+( [ )!+( [ )b,d,f
!-( ] )!+( [ )c,e,g
!-( ] )!-( ] )aK2(MAT)
1(Mat)av(A)
w
Matrix name
# You can also use !c(Mat) in place of
K2 (MAT)1(Mat).
# An error occurs if memory becomes full as you
are inputting data.
# The maximum value of both m and n is 255.
# You can also use the above format inside a
program that inputs matrix data.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
2-8-12
Matrix Calculations
u To input an identity matrix
[OPTN]-[MAT]-[Iden]
Use the Identity command to create an identity matrix.
Example 2 To create a 3 × 3 identity matrix as Matrix A
K2(MAT)6(g)1(Iden)
da6(g)1(Mat)av(A)w
Number of rows/columns
u To check the dimensions of a matrix
[OPTN]-[MAT]-[Dim]
Use the Dim command to check the dimensions of an existing matrix.
Example 3 To check the dimensions of Matrix A, which was input in
Example 1
K2(MAT)6(g)2(Dim)
6(g)1(Mat)av(A)w
The display shows that Matrix A consists of two rows and three columns.
Since the result of the Dim command is list type data, it is stored in ListAns memory.
You can also use {Dim} to specify the dimensions of the matrix.
Example 4 To specify dimensions of 2 rows and 3 columns for Matrix B
!*( ꢀ )c,d!/( ꢁ )a
K2(MAT)6(g)2(Dim)
6(g)1(Mat)al(B)w
200509401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
2-8-13
Matrix Calculations
uModifying Matrices Using Matrix Commands
You can also use matrix commands to assign values to and recall values from an existing
matrix, to fill in all cells of an existing matrix with the same value, to combine two matrices
into a single matrix, and to assign the contents of a matrix column to a list file.
u To assign values to and recall values from an existing matrix
[OPTN]-[MAT]-[Mat]
Use the following format with the Mat command to specify a cell for value assignment and
recall.
Mat X [m, n]
X .................................. matrix name (A through Z, or Ans)
m................................. row number
n ................................. column number
Example 1 Assign 10 to the cell at row 1, column 2 of the following matrix :
1
3
5
2
4
6
Matrix A =
baaK2(MAT)1(Mat)
av(A)!+( ꢀ )b,c
!-( ꢁ )w
JJ1('MAT)w
Example 2 Multiply the value in the cell at row 2, column 2 of the above
matrix by 5
K2(MAT)1(Mat)
av(A)!+( ꢀ )c,c
!-( ꢁ )*fw
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
2-8-14
Matrix Calculations
u To fill a matrix with identical values and to combine two matrices into a
single matrix
[OPTN]-[MAT]-[Fill]/[Aug]
Use the Fill command to fill all the cells of an existing matrix with an identical value and the
Augment command to combine two existing matrices into a single matrix.
Example 1 To fill all of the cells of Matrix A with the value 3
K2(MAT)6(g)3(Fill)
d,6(g)1(Mat)av(A)w
1(Mat)av(A)w
Example 2 To combine the following two matrices :
1
2
3
4
A =
B =
K2(MAT)5(Aug)
1(Mat)av(A),
1(Mat)al(B)w
# The two matrices you combine must have the
same number of rows. An error occurs if you
try to combine two matrices that have
different number of rows.
# You can use Matrix Answer Memory to assign the
results of the above matrix input and edit
operations to a matrix variable. To do so, use the
following syntax.
• Fill (n, Mat α) → Mat β
• Augment (Mat α, Mat β) → Mat γ
In the above, α, β, and γ are any variable
names A through Z, and n is any value.
The above does not affect the contents of Matrix
Answer Memory.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
2-8-15
Matrix Calculations
u To assign the contents of a matrix column to a list
→
[OPTN]-[MAT]-[M L]
Use the following format with the Mat→List command to specify a column and a list.
Mat → List (Mat X, m) → List n
X = matrix name (A through Z, or Ans)
m = column number
n = list number
Example
To assign the contents of column 2 of the following matrix to list 1 :
1
3
5
2
4
6
Matrix A =
K2(MAT)2(M→L)
1(Mat)av(A),c)
aK1(LIST)1(List)bw
1(List)bw
# You can also use !b(List) in place of
K1(LIST)1(List).
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
2-8-16
Matrix Calculations
k Matrix Calculations
[OPTN]-[MAT]
Use the matrix command menu to perform matrix calculation operations.
u To display the matrix commands
•
1. From the Main Menu, enter the RUN MAT mode.
2. Press K to display the option menu.
3. Press 2(MAT) to display the matrix command menu.
The following describes only the matrix commands that are used for matrix arithmetic
operations.
• {Mat} ... {Mat command (matrix specification)}
• {Det} ... {Det command (determinant command)}
• {Trn} ... {Trn command (transpose matrix command)}
• {Iden} ... {Identity command (identity matrix input)}
All of the following examples assume that matrix data is already stored in memory.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
2-8-17
Matrix Calculations
uMatrix Arithmetic Operations
[OPTN]-[MAT]-[Mat]/[Iden]
Example 1 To add the following two matrices (Matrix A + Matrix B) :
1
2
1
1
2
2
3
1
A =
B =
AK2(MAT)1(Mat)av(A)+
1(Mat)al(B)w
Example 2 Calculate the product to the following matrix using a multiplier value
of 5 :
1
3
2
4
Matrix A =
AfK2(MAT)1(Mat)
av(A)w
Example 3 To multiply the two matrices in Example 1 (Matrix A × Matrix B)
AK2(MAT)1(Mat)av(A)*
1(Mat)al(B)w
Example 4 To multiply Matrix A (from Example 1) by a 2 × 2 identity matrix
AK2(MAT)1(Mat)av(A)*
6(g)1(Iden)cw
Number of rows and columns
# The two matrices must have the same
dimensions in order to be added or
subtracted. An error occurs if you try to
add or subtract matrices of different
dimensions.
# When performing matrix arithmetic operations,
inputting the Identity command at the location
of a matrix command (such as Mat A) makes it
possible to perform identity matrix
calculations.
# For multiplication (Matrix 1 × Matrix 2), the
number of columns in Matrix 1 must match
the number of rows in Matrix 2. Other-
wise, an error occurs.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
2-8-18
Matrix Calculations
uDeterminant
[OPTN]-[MAT]-[Det]
Example
Obtain the determinant for the following matrix :
1
4
2
5
3
6
0
Matrix A =
–1 –2
K2(MAT)3(Det)1(Mat)
av(A)w
uMatrix Transposition
[OPTN]-[MAT]-[Trn]
A matrix is transposed when its rows become columns and its columns become rows.
Example
To transpose the following matrix :
1
3
5
2
4
6
Matrix A =
K2(MAT)4(Trn)1(Mat)
av(A)w
# Determinants can be obtained only for square
matrices (same number of rows and
# The determinant of a 3 × 3 matrix is calculated
as shown below.
columns). Trying to obtain a determinant for a
matrix that is not square produces an error.
a11 a12 a13
a21 a22 a23
a31 a32 a33
| A | =
# The determinant of a 2 × 2 matrix is
calculated as shown below.
= a11a22a33 + a12a23a31 + a13a21a32
– a11a23a32 – a12a21a33 – a13a22a31
a11 a12
| A | =
= a11a22 – a12a21
a21 a22
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
2-8-19
Matrix Calculations
uMatrix Inversion
[OPTN]-[MAT]-[x–1]
Example
To invert the following matrix :
1
3
2
4
Matrix A =
K2(MAT)1(Mat)
av(A)!) (x–1)w
uSquaring a Matrix
[OPTN]-[MAT]-[x2]
Example
To square the following matrix :
1
3
2
4
Matrix A =
K2(MAT)1(Mat)av(A)xw
# Only square matrices (same number of rows
and columns) can be inverted. Trying to invert
a matrix that is not square produces an error.
# A matrix being inverted must satisfy the
conditions shown below.
1
0
0
1
A A–1 = A–1 A = E =
# A matrix with a determinant of zero cannot be
inverted. Trying to invert a matrix with
determinant of zero produces an error.
The following shows the formula used to
invert Matrix A into inverse matrix A–1.
# Calculation precision is affected for matrices
whose determinant is near zero.
a
c
b
d
A =
1
d –b
–c
Note that ad – bc 0.
A–1=
ad – bc
a
G
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
2-8-20
Matrix Calculations
uRaising a Matrix to a Power
[OPTN]-[MAT]-[ ]
Example
To raise the following matrix to the third power :
1
3
2
4
Matrix A =
K2(MAT)1(Mat)av(A)
Mdw
uDetermining the Absolute Value, Integer Part, Fraction Part, and
Maximum Integer of a Matrix
[OPTN]-[NUM]-[Abs]/[Frac]/[Int]/[Intg]
Example
To determine the absolute value of the following matrix :
1
–2
4
Matrix A =
–3
K6(g)4(NUM)1(Abs)
K2(MAT)1(Mat)av(A)w
# Determinants and inverse matrices are
subject to error due to dropped digits.
# You can use the following operation to transfer
Matrix Answer Memory contents to another
matrix (or when Matrix Answer Memory
contains a determinant to a variable).
# Matrix operations are performed
individually on each cell, so calculations
may require considerable time to
complete.
MatAns → Mat α
In the above, α is any variable name A through
Z. The above does not affect the contents of
Matrix Answer Memory.
# The calculation precision of displayed
results for matrix calculations is 1 at the
least significant digit.
# For matrix power calculations, calculation is
possible up to a power of 32766.
# If a matrix calculation result is too large to
fit into Matrix Answer Memory, an error
occurs.
200509401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
2-8-21
Matrix Calculations
k Performing Matrix Calculations Using Natural Input
u To specify the dimensions (size) of a matrix
•
1. In the RUN MAT mode, press !m(SET UP)1(Math)J.
2. Press 4(MATH) to display the MATH menu.
3. Press 1(MAT) to display the following menu.
• {2×2} … {inputs a 2 × 2 matrix}
• {3×3} … {inputs a 3 × 3 matrix}
• {m×n} … {inputs an m-row × n-column matrix (up to 6 × 6)}
Example
To create a 2-row × 3-column matrix
3(m×n)
Specify the number of rows.
cw
Specify the number of columns.
dw
w
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
2-8-22
Matrix Calculations
u To input cell values
Example
To perform the calculation shown below
1
1
33
2
× 8
13
4
5
6
The following operation is a continuation of the example calculation on the previous page.
be$bcceedde
$bdceee!x( )f
eege*iw
u To assign a matrix created using natural input to a MAT mode matrix
Example
To assign the calculation result to Mat J
!c(Mat)!-(Ans)a
!c(Mat)a)(J)w
# Pressing the D key while the cursor is
located at the top (upper left) of the matrix
will delete the entire matrix.
D
⇒
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
Chapter
3
List Function
A list is a storage place for multiple data items.
This calculator lets you store up to 26 lists in a single file, and
you can store up to six files in memory. Stored lists can be used
in arithmetic and statistical calculations, and for graphing.
Element number
Display range
Cell
Column
List name
Sub name
List 1
SUB
List 2
List 3
List 4
List 5
List 26
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
56
37
21
69
40
48
93
1
2
4
107
75
122
87
298
48
338
3.5
6
2.1
4.4
3
4
0
0
2
0
3
9
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
8
16
32
64
6.8
2
Row
8
30
128
49
8.7
0
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
3-1 Inputting and Editing a List
3-2 Manipulating List Data
3-3 Arithmetic Calculations Using Lists
3-4 Switching Between List Files
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
3-1-1
Inputting and Editing a List
3-1 Inputting and Editing a List
When you enter the STAT mode, the “List Editor” will appear first. You can use the List Editor
to input data into a list and to perform a variety of other list data operations.
u To input values one-by-one
Use the cursor keys to move the highlighting to the list name, sub name or cell you want to
select.
The screen automatically scrolls when the highlighting is located at either edge of the
screen.
The following example is performed starting with the highlighting located at Cell 1 of List 1.
1. Input a value and press w to store it in the list.
dw
• The highlighting automatically moves down to the
next cell for input.
2. Input the value 4 in the second cell, and then input the result of 2 + 3 in the next cell.
ewc+dw
# You can also input the result of an expres-
sion or a complex number into a cell.
# You can input values up to 999 cells in a single list.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
3-1-2
Inputting and Editing a List
u To batch input a series of values
1. Use the cursor keys to move the highlighting to another list.
2. Press !*( { ), and then input the values you want, pressing , between each
one. Press !/( } ) after inputting the final value.
!*( { )g,h,i!/( } )
3. Press w to store all of the values in your list.
w
You can also use list names inside of a mathematical expression to input values into another
cell. The following example shows how to add the values in each row in List 1 and List 2, and
input the result into List 3.
1. Use the cursor keys to move the highlighting to the name of the list where you want the
calculation results to be input.
2. Press K and input the expression.
K1(LIST)1(List)b+
K1(LIST)1(List)cw
# You can also use !b(List) in place of
K1(LIST)1(List).
# Remember that a comma separates values, so
you should not input a comma after the final
value of the set you are inputting.
Right: {34, 53, 78}
Wrong: {34, 53, 78,}
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
3-1-3
Inputting and Editing a List
k Editing List Values
u To change a cell value
Use the cursor keys to move the highlighting to the cell whose value you want to change.
Input the new value and press w to replace the old data with the new one.
u To edit the contents of a cell
1. Use the cursor keys to move the highlighting to the cell whose contents you want to
edit.
2. Press 6(᭟)2(EDIT).
3. Make any changes in the data you want.
u To delete a cell
1. Use the cursor keys to move the highlighting to the cell you want to delete.
2. Press 6(᭟)3(DEL) to delete the selected cell and cause everything below it to be
shifted up.
# The cell delete operation does not affect cells
in other lists. If the data in the list whose cell
you delete is somehow related to the data in
neighboring lists, deleting a cell can cause
related values to become misaligned.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
3-1-4
Inputting and Editing a List
u To delete all cells in a list
Use the following procedure to delete all the data in a list.
1. Use the cursor key to move the highlighting to any cell of the list whose data you want
to delete.
•
2. Pressing 6(᭟)4(DEL A) causes a confirmation message to appear.
3. Press 1(Yes) to delete all the cells in the selected list or 6(No) to abort the delete
operation without deleting anything.
u To insert a new cell
1. Use the cursor keys to move the highlighting to the location where you want to insert
the new cell.
2. Press 6(᭟)5(INS) to insert a new cell, which contains a value of 0, causing
everything below it to be shifted down.
# The cell insert operation does not affect cells
in other lists. If the data in the list where you
insert a cell is somehow related to the data in
neighboring lists, inserting a cell can cause related
values to become misaligned.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
3-1-5
Inputting and Editing a List
k Naming a List
You can assign List 1 through List 26 “sub names” of up to eight bytes each.
u To name a list
1. On the Setup screen, highlight “Sub Name” and then press 1(On)J.
2. Use the cursor keys to move the highlighting to the SUB cell of the list you want to
name.
3. Type in the name and then press w.
• To type in a name using alpha characters, press !a to enter the ALPHA-LOCK
mode.
Example: YEAR
-(Y)c(E)v(A)g(R)
•
• The following operation displays a sub name in the RUN MAT mode.
!b(List) n!+( [ )a!-( ] )w
(n = list number from 1 to 26)
# Though you can input up to 8 bytes for the
sub name, only the characters that can fit
within the List Editor cell will be displayed.
# The List Editor SUB cell is not displayed when “Off”
is selected for “Sub Name” on the Setup screen.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
3-1-6
Inputting and Editing a List
k Sorting List Values
You can sort lists into either ascending or descending order. The highlighting can be located
in any cell of the list.
u To sort a single list
Ascending order
1. While the lists are on the screen, press 6(᭟)1(TOOL)1(SRT•A).
2. The prompt “How Many Lists?:” appears to ask how many lists you want to sort. Here
we will input 1 to indicate we want to sort only one list.
bw
3. In response to the “Select List List No:” prompt, input the number of the list you want to
sort.
bw
Descending order
Use the same procedure as that for the ascending order sort. The only difference is that
you should press 2(SRT•D) in place of 1(SRT•A).
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
3-1-7
Inputting and Editing a List
u To sort multiple lists
You can link multiple lists together for a sort so that all of their cells are rearranged in
accordance with the sorting of a base list. The base list is sorted into either ascending order
or descending order, while the cells of the linked lists are arranged so that the relative
relationship of all the rows is maintained.
Ascending order
1. While the lists are on the screen, press 6(᭟)1(TOOL)1(SRT•A).
2. The prompt “How Many Lists?:” appears to ask how many lists you want to sort. Here
we will sort one base list linked to one other list, so we should input 2.
cw
3. In response to the “Select Base List List No:” prompt, input the number of the list you
want to sort into ascending order. Here we will specify List 1.
bw
4. In response to the “Select Second List List No:” prompt, input the number of the list
you want to link to the base list. Here we will specify List 2.
cw
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
3-1-8
Inputting and Editing a List
Descending order
Use the same procedure as that for the ascending order sort. The only difference is that
you should press 2(SRT•D) in place of 1(SRT•A).
# You can specify a value from 1 to 6 as the
number of lists for sorting.
# If you specify a list more than once for a single
sort operation, an error occurs.
An error also occurs if lists specified for sorting
do not have the same number of values (rows).
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
3-2-1
Manipulating List Data
3-2 Manipulating List Data
List data can be used in arithmetic and function calculations. In addition, various list data
manipulation functions make manipulation of list data quick and easy.
•
You can use list data manipulation functions in the RUN MAT, STAT, TABLE, EQUA and
PRGM modes.
k Accessing the List Data Manipulation Function Menu
•
All of the following examples are performed after entering the RUN MAT mode.
Press K and then 1(LIST) to display the list data manipulation menu, which contains the
following items.
→
• {List}/{L M}/{Dim}/{Fill}/{Seq}/{Min}/{Max}/{Mean}/{Med}/{Aug}/{Sum}/{Prod}/{Cuml}/
{%}/{A}
Note that all closing parentheses at the end of the following operations can be omitted.
u To transfer list contents to Matrix Answer Memory
K1(LIST)2(L→M)1(List) <list number 1-26>
[OPTN]-[LIST]-[L→M]
,1(List) <list number 1-26> ... ,1(List) <list number 1-26> )w
• You can skip input 1(List) in the part of the above operation.
• All the lists must contain the same number of data items. If they don’t, an error occurs.
Example: List → Mat (1, 2)w
Example
To transfer the contents of List 1 (2, 3, 6, 5, 4) to column 1, and the
contents of List 2 (11, 12, 13, 14, 15) to column 2 of Matrix Answer
Memory
AK1(LIST)2(L→M)
1(List)b,
1(List)c)w
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
3-2-2
Manipulating List Data
u To count the number of data items in a list
K1(LIST)3(Dim)1(List) <list number 1-26> w
• The number of cells a list contains is its “dimension.”
[OPTN]-[LIST]-[Dim]
Example
To count the number of values in List 1 (36, 16, 58, 46, 56)
AK1(LIST)3(Dim)
1(List)bw
u To create a list or matrix by specifying the number of data items
[OPTN]-[LIST]-[Dim]
Use the following procedure to specify the number of data in the assignment statement
and create a list.
<number of data n>aK1(LIST)3(Dim)1(List)
<list number 1-26>w
n = 1 - 999
Example
To create five data items (each of which contains 0) in List 1
AfaK1(LIST)3(Dim)
1(List)bw
You can view the newly created list by entering
the STAT mode.
Use the following procedure to specify the number of data rows and columns, and the matrix
name in the assignment statement and create a matrix.
!*( {)<number of row m> ,<number of column n> !/( } )a
K1(LIST)3(Dim)K2(MAT)1(Mat)a<matrix name>w
m, n = 1 - 255, matrix name: A - Z
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
3-2-3
Manipulating List Data
Example
To create a 2-row × 3-column matrix (each cell of which
contains 0) in Matrix A
A!*( { )c,d!/(} )a
K1(LIST)3(Dim)
K2(MAT)1(Mat)av(A)w
The following shows the new contents of Mat A.
u To replace all data items with the same value
[OPTN]-[LIST]-[Fill]
K1(LIST)4(Fill) <value>,1(List) <list number 1-26>)w
Example
To replace all data items in List 1 with the number 3
AK1(LIST)4(Fill)
d,1(List)b)w
The following shows the new contents of List 1.
u To generate a sequence of numbers
[OPTN]-[LIST]-[Seq]
K1(LIST)5(Seq) <expression> , <variable name> , <start value>
, <end value> , <increment> ) w
• The result of this operation is stored in ListAns Memory.
Example
To input the number sequence 12, 62, 112, into a list, using the function
f(x) = X2. Use a starting value of 1, an ending value of 11, and an
increment of 5
AK1(LIST)5(Seq)vx,
v,b,bb,f)w
Specifying an ending value of 12, 13, 14, or 15 produces the same result as shown above,
because all of them are less than the value produced by the next increment (16).
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
3-2-4
Manipulating List Data
u To find the minimum value in a list
[OPTN]-[LIST]-[Min]
K1(LIST)6(g)1(Min)6(g)6(g)1(List) <list number 1-26> )w
To find the minimum value in List 1 (36, 16, 58, 46, 56)
Example
AK1(LIST)6(g)1(Min)
6(g)6(g)1(List)b)w
u To find the maximum value in a list
[OPTN]-[LIST]-[Max]
Use the same procedure as when finding the minimum value (Min), except press
6(g)2(Max) in place of 6(g)1(Min).
u To find which of two lists contains the smallest value
[OPTN]-[LIST]-[Min]
K1(LIST)6(g)1(Min)6(g)6(g)1(List) <list number 1-26>
,1(List) <list number 1-26>)w
• The two lists must contain the same number of data items. If they don’t, an error occurs.
• The result of this operation is stored in ListAns Memory.
Example
To find whether List 1 (75, 16, 98, 46, 56) or List 2 (35, 59, 58, 72, 67)
contains the smallest value
K1(LIST)6(g)1(Min)
6(g)6(g)1(List)b,
1(List)c)w
u To find which of two lists contains the greatest value
[OPTN]-[LIST]-[Max]
Use the same procedure as that for the smallest value, except press 6(g)2(Max) in
place of 6(g)1(Min).
• The two lists must contain the same number of data items. If they don’t, an error
occurs.
• The result of this operation is stored in ListAns Memory.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
3-2-5
Manipulating List Data
u To calculate the mean of data items
[OPTN]-[LIST]-[Mean]
K1(LIST)6(g)3(Mean)6(g)6(g)1(List) <list number 1-26>)w
To calculate the mean of data items in List 1 (36, 16, 58, 46, 56)
Example
AK1(LIST)6(g)3(Mean)
6(g)6(g)1(List)b)w
u To calculate the mean of data items of specified frequency
[OPTN]-[LIST]-[Mean]
This procedure uses two lists: one that contains values and one that indicates the frequency
(number of occurrences) of each value. The frequency of the data in Cell 1 of the first list is
indicated by the value in Cell 1 of the second list, etc.
• The two lists must contain the same number of data items. If they don’t, an error occurs.
K1(LIST)6(g)3(Mean)6(g)6(g)1(List)<list number 1-26 (data)>
,1(List)<list number 1-26 (frequency)>)w
Example
To calculate the mean of data items in List 1 (36, 16, 58, 46, 56), whose
frequency is indicated by List 2 (75, 89, 98, 72, 67)
AK1(LIST)6(g)3(Mean)
6(g)6(g)1(List)b,
1(List)c)w
u To calculate the median of data items in a list
[OPTN]-[LIST]-[Med]
K1(LIST)6(g)4(Med)6(g)6(g)1(List)<list number 1-26>
)w
Example
To calculate the median of data items in List 1 (36, 16, 58, 46, 56)
AK1(LIST)6(g)4(Med)
6(g)6(g)1(List)b)w
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
3-2-6
Manipulating List Data
u To calculate the median of data items of specified frequency
[OPTN]-[LIST]-[Med]
This procedure uses two lists: one that contains values and one that indicates the frequency
(number of occurrences) of each value. The frequency of the data in Cell 1 of the first list is
indicated by the value in Cell 1 of the second list, etc.
• The two lists must contain the same number of data items. If they don’t, an error occurs.
K1(LIST)6(g)4(Med)6(g)6(g)1(List) <list number 1-26 (data)>
,1(List) <list number 1-26 (frequency)>)w
Example
To calculate the median of values in List 1 (36, 16, 58, 46, 56), whose
frequency is indicated by List 2 (75, 89, 98, 72, 67)
AK1(LIST)6(g)4(Med)
6(g)6(g)1(List)b,
1(List)c)w
u To combine lists
[OPTN]-[LIST]-[Aug]
• You can combine two different lists into a single list. The result of a list combination
operation is stored in ListAns memory.
K1(LIST)6(g)5(Aug)6(g)6(g)1(List) <list number 1-26>
,1(List) <list number 1-26>)w
Example
To combine the List 1 (–3, –2) and List 2 (1, 9, 10)
AK1(LIST)6(g)5(Aug)
6(g)6(g)1(List)b,
1(List)c)w
u To calculate the sum of data items in a list
[OPTN]-[LIST]-[Sum]
K1(LIST)6(g)6(g)1(Sum)6(g)1(List)<list number 1-26>w
To calculate the sum of data items in List 1 (36, 16, 58, 46, 56)
Example
AK1(LIST)6(g)6(g)1(Sum)
6(g)1(List)bw
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
3-2-7
Manipulating List Data
u To calculate the product of values in a list
[OPTN]-[LIST]-[Prod]
K1(LIST)6(g)6(g)2(Prod)6(g)1(List)<list number 1-26>w
To calculate the product of values in List 1 (2, 3, 6, 5, 4)
Example
AK1(LIST)6(g)6(g)2(Prod)
6(g)1(List)bw
u To calculate the cumulative frequency of each data item
[OPTN]-[LIST]-[Cuml]
K1(LIST)6(g)6(g)3(Cuml)6(g)1(List) <list number 1-26>w
• The result of this operation is stored in ListAns Memory.
Example
To calculate the cumulative frequency of each data item in List 1
(2, 3, 6, 5, 4)
AK1(LIST)6(g)6(g)3(Cuml)
6(g)1(List)bw
2+3=
2+3+6=
2+3+6+5=
2+3+6+5+4=
u To calculate the percentage represented by each data item
[OPTN]-[LIST]-[%]
K1(LIST)6(g)6(g)4(%)6(g)1(List)<list number 1-26>w
• The above operation calculates what percentage of the list total is represented
by each data item.
• The result of this operation is stored in ListAns Memory.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
3-2-8
Manipulating List Data
Example
To calculate the percentage represented by each data item in List 1
(2, 3, 6, 5, 4)
AK1(LIST)6(g)6(g)4(%)
6(g)1(List)bw
2/(2+3+6+5+4) × 100 =
3/(2+3+6+5+4) × 100 =
6/(2+3+6+5+4) × 100 =
5/(2+3+6+5+4) × 100 =
4/(2+3+6+5+4) × 100 =
u To calculate the differences between neighboring data inside a list
[OPTN]-[LIST]-[A]
K1(LIST)6(g)6(g)5(A)<list number 1-26>w
• The result of this operation is stored in ListAns memory.
Example
To calculate the difference between the data items in List 1
(1, 3, 8, 5, 4)
AK1(LIST)6(g)6(g)5(A)
bw
3 – 1 =
8 – 3 =
5 – 8 =
4 – 5 =
# You can specify the storage location in list
memory for a calculation result produced by a
list calculation whose result is stored in ListAns
memory. For example, specifying “AList 1 → List
2” will store the result of AList 1 in List 2.
# The number of cells in the new AList is one
less than the number of cells in the original list.
# An error occurs if you execute AList for a list
that has no data or only one data item.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
3-3-1
Arithmetic Calculations Using Lists
3-3 Arithmetic Calculations Using Lists
You can perform arithmetic calculations using two lists or one list and a numeric value.
ListAns Memory
+
List
List
−
×
÷
Calculation results are
=
List
Numeric Value
Numeric Value
stored in ListAns Memory.
k Error Messages
• A calculation involving two lists performs the operation between corresponding cells.
Because of this, an error occurs if the two lists do not have the same number of values
(which means they have different “dimensions”).
• An error occurs whenever an operation involving any two cells generates a mathematical
error.
k Inputting a List into a Calculation
There are two methods you can use to input a list into a calculation.
u To input a specific list by name
1. Press K to display the first Operation Menu.
•
• This is the function key menu that appears in the RUN MAT mode when you press K.
2. Press 1(LIST) to display the List Data Manipulation Menu.
3. Press 1(List) to display the “List” command and input the number of the list you want
to specify.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
3-3-2
Arithmetic Calculations Using Lists
u To directly input a list of values
You can also directly input a list of values using {, }, and ,.
Example 1 To input the list: 56, 82, 64
!*( { )fg,ic,
ge!/( })
41
6
0
Example 2 To multiply List 3
=
by the list
65
22
(
)
4
K1(LIST)1(List)d*!*({ )g,a,e!/(} )w
246
The resulting list
is stored in ListAns Memory.
0
88
u To assign the contents of one list to another list
Use a to assign the contents of one list to another list.
Example 1 To assign the contents of List 3 to List 1
K1(LIST)1(List)da1(List)bw
In place of K1(LIST)1(List)d operation in the above procedure, you could input
!*( {)eb,gf,cc!/( }).
Example 2 To assign the list in ListAns Memory to List 1
K1(LIST)1(List)!-(Ans)a1(List)bw
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
3-3-3
Arithmetic Calculations Using Lists
u To recall the value in a specific list cell
You can recall the value in a specific list cell and use it in a calculation. Specify the cell
number by enclosing it inside square brackets.
Example
To calculate the sine of the value stored in Cell 3 of List 2
sK1(LIST)1(List)c!+( [)d!-( ] )w
u To input a value into a specific list cell
You can input a value into a specific list cell inside a list. When you do, the value that was
previously stored in the cell is replaced with the new value you input.
Example
To input the value 25 into Cell 2 of List 3
cfaK1(LIST)1(List)d!+([ )c!-(] )w
k Recalling List Contents
Example
To recall the contents of List 1
K1(LIST)1(List)bw
• The above operation displays the contents of the list you specify and also stores them in
ListAns Memory. You can then use the ListAns Memory contents in a calculation.
u To use list contents in ListAns Memory in a calculation
Example
To multiply the list contents in ListAns Memory by 36
K1(LIST)1(List)!-(Ans)*dgw
• The operation K1(LIST)1(List)!-(Ans) recalls ListAns Memory contents.
• This operation replaces current ListAns Memory contents with the result of the above
calculation.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
3-3-4
Arithmetic Calculations Using Lists
k Graphing a Function Using a List
When using the graphing functions of this calculator, you can input a function such as Y1 =
List 1 X. If List 1 contains the values 1, 2, 3, this function will produces three graphs: Y = X,
Y = 2X, Y = 3X.
There are certain limitations on using lists with graphing functions.
Example
To input the data 1, 2, 3 into List 1, and then graph the data in the
GRAPH mode
1. In the STAT mode, input 1, 2, 3 into List 1.
2. In the GRAPH mode, input the formula Y1=List 1X.
K1(List)bvw
3. Graph the data, which will produce three graphs.
k Inputting Scientific Calculations into a List
You can use the numeric table generation functions in the TABLE mode to input values that
result from certain scientific function calculations into a list. To do this, first generate a table
and then use the list copy function to copy the values from the table to the list.
Example
To use the TABLE mode to create a number table for the formula (Y1 =
x –1), and then copy the table to List 1 in the STAT mode
2
2
1. In the TABLE mode, input the formula Y1 = x –1.
2. Create the number table.
3. Use e to move the highlighting to the Y1 column.
4. Press K1(LMEM).
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
3-3-5
Arithmetic Calculations Using Lists
5. Press bw.
6. Enter the STAT mode to confirm that TABLE mode column Y1 has been copied to List 1.
k Performing Scientific Function Calculations Using a List
Lists can be used just as numeric values are in scientific function calculations. When the
calculation produces a list as a result, the list is stored in ListAns Memory.
41
Example
To use List 3
to perform sin (List 3)
65
22
Use radians as the angle unit.
sK1(LIST)1(List)dw
–0.158
The resulting list
0.8268
–8E–3
is stored in ListAns Memory.
In place of the K1(LIST)1(List)d operation in the above procedure, you could input
!*( {) eb,gf,cc!/( } ).
1
2
3
4
5
6
Example
To use List 1
and List 2
to perform List 1List 2
This creates a list with the results of 14, 25, 36.
K1(LIST)1(List)bM1(List)cw
1
The resulting list
32 is stored in ListAns Memory.
729
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
3-4-1
Switching Between List Files
3-4 Switching Between List Files
You can store up to 26 lists (List 1 to List 26) in each file (File 1 to File 6). A simple operation
lets you switch between list files.
u To switch between list files
1. From the Main Menu, enter the STAT mode.
Press !m(SET UP) to display the STAT mode Setup screen.
2. Use c to highlight “List File”.
3. Press 1(FILE) and then input the number of the list file you want to use.
Example
To select File 3
1(FILE)d
w
All subsequent list operations are applied to the lists contained in the file you select (List File
3 in the above example).
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
Chapter
4
Equation Calculations
Your graphic calculator can perform the following three types of
calculations:
• Simultaneous linear equations
• Quadratic and cubic equations
• Solve calculations
From the Main Menu, enter the EQUA mode.
• {SIML} ... {linear equation with 2 to 6 unknowns}
• {POLY} ... {degree 2 or 3 equation}
• {SOLV} ... {solve calculation}
4-1 Simultaneous Linear Equations
4-2 Quadratic and Cubic Equations
4-3 Solve Calculations
4-4 What to Do When an Error Occurs
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
4-1-1
Simultaneous Linear Equations
4-1 Simultaneous Linear Equations
Description
You can solve simultaneous linear equations with two to six unknowns.
• Simultaneous Linear Equation with Two Unknowns:
a
a
1
2
x
x
1 + b1
1 + b2
x
x
2 = c1
2 = c2
• Simultaneous Linear Equation with Three Unknowns:
a1
a2
a3
x
x
x
1 + b1
1 + b2
1 + b3
x
x
x
2 + c1
2 + c2
2 + c3
x3
x3
x3
= d1
= d2
= d3
Set Up
1. From the Main Menu, enter the EQUA mode.
Execution
2. Select the SIML (simultaneous equation) mode, and specify the number of unknowns
(variables).
You can specify from 2 to 6 unknowns.
3. Sequentially input the coefficients.
The cell that is currently selected for input is highlighted. Each time you input a
coefficient, the highlighting shifts in the sequence:
a
1
→ b1 → c1 → … an → bn → cn → (n = 2 to 6)
You can also input fractions and values assigned to variables as coefficients.
You can cancel the value you are inputting for the current coefficient by pressing J
at any time before you press w to store the coefficient value. This returns to the
coefficient to what it was before you input anything. You can then input another value if
you want.
To change the value of a coefficient that you already stored by pressing w, move the
cursor to the coefficient you want to edit. Next, input the value you want to change to.
Pressing 3(CLR) clears all coefficients to zero.
4. Solve the equations.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
4-1-2
Simultaneous Linear Equations
Example
To solve the following simultaneous linear equations for x, y, and z
4x + y – 2z = – 1
x + 6y + 3z =
1
– 5x + 4y + z = – 7
Procedure
1 m EQUA
2 1(SIML)
2(3)
3 ewbw-cw-bw
bwgwdwbw
-fwewbw-hw
4 1(SOLV)
Result Screen
# Internal calculations are performed using a 15-
digit mantissa, but results are displayed using
a 10-digit mantissa and a 2-digit exponent.
Because of this, precision is reduced as the
value of the determinant approaches zero. Also,
simultaneous equations with three or more
unknowns may take a very long time to solve.
# Simultaneous linear equations are solved by
inverting the matrix containing the coefficients
of the equations. For example, the following
shows the solution (x1, x2, x3) of a simultane-
ous linear equation with three unknowns.
# An error occurs if the calculator is unable to find
a solution.
# After calculation is complete, you can press
1 (REPT), change coefficient values, and then
re-calculate.
–1
x
x
x
1
2
3
a
a
a
1
2
3
b1
b2
b3
c1
c2
c3
d1
d2
d3
=
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
4-2-1
Quadratic and Cubic Equations
4-2 Quadratic and Cubic Equations
Description
You can use this calculator to solve quadratic equations and cubic equations.
• Quadratic Equation:
ax2 + bx + c = 0 (a ≠ 0)
• Cubic Equation:
ax3 + bx2 + cx + d = 0 (a ≠ 0)
Set Up
1. From the Main Menu, enter the EQUA mode.
Execution
2. Select the POLY (higher degree equation) mode, and specify the degree of the
equation.
You can specify a degree 2 or 3.
3. Sequentially input the coefficients.
The cell that is currently selected for input is highlighted. Each time you input a
coefficient, the highlighting shifts in the sequence:
a → b → c → …
You can also input fractions and values assigned to variables as coefficients.
You can cancel the value you are inputting for the current coefficient by pressing J
at any time before you press w to store the coefficient value. This returns to the
coefficient to what it was before you input anything. You can then input another value if
you want.
To change the value of a coefficient that you already stored by pressing w, move the
cursor to the coefficient you want to edit. Next, input the value you want to change to.
Pressing 3(CLR) clears all coefficients to zero.
4. Solve the equations.
# Internal calculations are performed using a
15-digit mantissa, but results are displayed
using a 10-digit mantissa and a 2-digit
exponent.
# An error occurs if the calculator is unable to find
a solution.
# After calculation is complete, you can press
1(REPT), change coefficient values, and then
re-calculate.
# It may take considerable time for the
calculation result of cubic equations to
appear on the display.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
4-2-2
Quadratic and Cubic Equations
Example
To solve the cubic equation (Angle unit = Rad)
x3 – 2x2 – x + 2 = 0
Procedure
1 m EQUA
2 2(POLY)
2(3)
3 bw-cw-bwcw
4 1(SOLV)
Result Screen
Multiple Solutions (Example: x3 + 3x2 + 3x + 1 = 0)
Complex Number Solution (Example: x3 + 2x2 + 3x + 2 = 0)
Complex Mode: Real (page 1-7-2)
Complex Mode: a + bi
Complex Mode: r∠θ
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
4-3-1
Solve Calculations
4-3 Solve Calculations
Description
The Solve Calculation mode lets you determine the value of any variable in a formula without
having to solve the equation.
Set Up
1. From the Main Menu, enter the EQUA mode.
Execution
2. Select the Solve Calculation mode, and input the equation as it is written.
If you do not input an equals sign, the calculator assumes that the expression is to the
left of the equals sign, and there is a zero to the right. *1
3. In the table of variables that appears on the display, input values for each variable.
You can also specify values for Upper and Lower to define the upper and lower limits of
the range of solutions. *2
4. Select the variable for which you want to solve to obtain the solution.
“Lft” and “Rgt” indicate the left and right sides that are calculated using the solution.*3
*1 An error occurs if you input more than one equals
sign.
*2 An error occurs if the solution falls outside the
range you specify.
*3 Solutions are approximated using Newton’s
method. Lft and Rgt values are displayed for
confirmation, because Newton’s method may
produce results that are the real solution.
The closer the difference between the Lft
and Rgt values is to zero, the lower degree
of error in the result.
# The message “Retry” appears on the display
when the calculator judges that convergence is
not sufficient for the displayed results.
# A Solve operation will produce a single solution.
Use POLY when you want to obtain multiple
solutions for a high-order equation (such as
ax2 + bx + c = 0).
2006506401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
4-3-2
Solve Calculations
Example
An object thrown into the air at initial velocity V takes time T to reach
height H. Use the following formula to solve for initial velocity V when
H = 14 (meters), T = 2 (seconds) and gravitational acceleration is G =
9.8 (m/s2).
H = VT – 1/2 GT2
Procedure
1 m EQUA
2 3(SOLV)
aM(H)!.(=)ac(V)a/(T)-(b/c)
a$(G)a/(T)xw
3 bew(H = 14)
aw(V = 0)
cw(T = 2)
j.iw(G = 9.8)
4 Press fff to highlight V = 0, and then press 6(SOLV).
Result Screen
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
4-4-1
What to Do When an Error Occurs
4-4 What to Do When an Error Occurs
u Error during coefficient value input
Press the J key to clear the error and return to the value that was registered for the
coefficient before you input the value that generated the error. Try inputting a new value
again.
u Error during calculation
Press the J key to clear the error and display the coefficient. Try inputting values for the
coefficients again.
k Clearing Equation Memories
1. Enter the equation calculation mode (SIML or POLY) you want to use and
perform the function key operation required for that mode.
• In the case of the SIML mode (1), use the function keys to specify the number
of unknowns.
• In the case of the POLY mode (2), use the function keys to specify the degree
of the polynomial.
• If you pressed 3(SOLV), advance directly to step 2.
2. Press 2(DEL).
3. Press 1(Yes) to delete the applicable equation memories or 6(No) to abort
the operation without deleting anything.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
Chapter
5
Graphing
Sections 5-1 and 5-2 of this chapter provide basic information
you need to know in order to draw a graph. The remaining
sections describe more advanced graphing features and functions.
Select the icon in the Main Menu that suits the type of graph you
want to draw or the type of table you want to generate.
• GRAPH … General function graphing
• CONICS … Conic section graphing
(5-1-5~5-1-6, 5-11-17~5-11-22)
• RUN MAT … Manual graphing (5-6-1~5-6-4)
·
• TABLE … Number table generation (5-7-1~5-7-16)
• DYNA … Dynamic Graph (5-8-1~5-8-8)
• RECUR … Recursion graphing or number table generation
(5-9-1~5-9-10)
5-1 Sample Graphs
5-2 Controlling What Appears on a Graph Screen
5-3 Drawing a Graph
5-4 Storing a Graph in Picture Memory
5-5 Drawing Two Graphs on the Same Screen
5-6 Manual Graphing
5-7 Using Tables
5-8 Dynamic Graphing
5-9 Graphing a Recursion Formula
5-10 Changing the Appearance of a Graph
5-11 Function Analysis
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
5-1-1
Sample Graphs
5-1 Sample Graphs
k How to draw a simple graph (1)
Description
To draw a graph, simply input the applicable function.
Set Up
1. From the Main Menu, enter the GRAPH mode.
Execution
2. Input the function you want to graph.
Here you would use the V-Window to specify the range and other parameters of the
graph. See 5-2-1.
3. Draw the graph.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
5-1-2
Sample Graphs
Example
To graph y = 3x2
Procedure
1 m GRAPH
2 dvxw
3 6(DRAW) (or w)
Result Screen
# Pressing A while a graph is on the display
will return to the screen in step 2.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
5-1-3
Sample Graphs
k How to draw a simple graph (2)
Description
You can store up to 20 functions in memory and then select the one you want for graphing.
Set Up
1. From the Main Menu, enter the GRAPH mode.
Execution
2. Specify the function type and input the function whose graph you want to draw.
You can use the GRAPH mode to draw a graph for the following types of expressions:
rectangular coordinate expression, polar coordinate expression, parametric function,
X = constant expression, inequality.
3(TYPE) 1(Y=) ... rectangular coordinates
2(r=) ... polar coordinates
3(Parm) ... parametric function
4(X=c) ... X = constant function
5(CONV)1('Y=)~5('Y≤) ... changes the function type
6(g)1(Y>)~4(Y≤) ... inequality
Repeat this step as many times as required to input all of the functions you want.
Next you should specify which of the functions among those that are stored in memory
you want to graph (see 5-3-6). If you do not select specific functions here, the graph
operation will draw graphs of all the functions currently stored in memory.
3. Draw the graph.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
5-1-4
Sample Graphs
Example
Input the functions shown below and draw their graphs
Y1 = 2x2 – 3, r2 = 3sin2θ
Procedure
1 m GRAPH
2 3(TYPE)1(Y=)cvx-dw
3(TYPE)2(r=)dscvw
3 6(DRAW)
Result Screen
(Parametric)
(Inequality)
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
5-1-5
Sample Graphs
k How to draw a simple graph (3)
Description
Use the following procedure to graph the function of a parabola, circle, ellipse, or hyperbola.
Set Up
1. From the Main Menu, enter the CONICS mode.
Execution
2. Use the cursor fc keys to specify one of the function type as follows.
Graph Type
Function
Parabola
X = A (Y – K)2 + H
X = AY2 + BY + C
Y = A (X – H)2 + K
Y = AX2 + BX + C
Circle
(X – H)2 + (Y – K)2 = R2
AX2 + AY2 + BX + CY + D = 0
Ellipse
(X – H)2
(Y – K)2
–––––––– + –––––––– = 1
A2
B2
Hyperbola
(X – H)2
(Y – K)2
–––––––– – –––––––– = 1
A2
B2
(Y – K)2
A2
(X – H)2
–––––––– – –––––––– = 1
B2
3. Input values for the required variables.
4. Graph the function.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
5-1-6
Sample Graphs
Example
Graph the circle (X–1)2 + (Y–1)2 = 22
Procedure
1 m CONICS
2 ccccw
3 bwbwcw
4 6(DRAW)
Result Screen
(Parabola)
(Ellipse)
(Hyperbola)
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
5-1-7
Sample Graphs
k How to draw a simple graph (4)
Description
You can specify the graph line style, if you want.
Set Up
1. From the Main Menu, enter the GRAPH mode.
Execution
2. Input the function you want to graph.
Here you would use the V-Window to specify the range and other parameters of the
graph. See 5-2-1.
3. Select the line style.
4(STYL)1( ) … Normal (initial default)
2( ) … Thick (twice the thickness of Normal)
3( ) … Broken (thick broken)
4( ) … Dot (dotted)
4. Draw the graph.
The line style selection is valid only when “Connect” is selected for “Draw Type” on the Setup
screen.
# The initial default line setting for an inequality
(Y>, Y<) is dot plot type.
# You can change the graph line style while in the
GRAPH, TABLE or RECUR mode.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
5-1-8
Sample Graphs
Example
To graph y = 3x2
Procedure
1 m GRAPH
2 3(TYPE)1(Y=)dvxw
3 f4(STYL)3( )J
4 6(DRAW) (or w)
Result Screen
(Normal)
(Thick)
(Dotted)
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
5-2-1
Controlling What Appears on a Graph Screen
5-2 Controlling What Appears on a Graph Screen
k V-Window (View Window) Settings
Use the View Window to specify the range of the x- and y-axes, and to set the spacing
between the increments on each axis. You should always set the V-Window parameters you
want to use before graphing.
u To make V-Window settings
1. From the Main Menu, enter the GRAPH mode.
2. Press !3(V-WIN) to display the V-Window setting screen.
Rectangular coordinate parameter
Xmin … Minimum x-axis value
Xmax … Maximum x-axis value
Xscale … Spacing of x-axis increments
Xdot … Value that corresponds to one x-axis dot
Ymin … Minimum y-axis value
Ymax … Maximum y-axis value
Yscale … Spacing of y-axis increments
Polar coordinate parameter
Tθ min ... T, θ minimum values
Tθ max ... T, θ maximum values
Tθ ptch ... T, θ pitch
3. Press c to move the highlighting and input an appropriate value for each parameter,
pressing w after each.
• {INIT}/{TRIG}/{STD} … V-Window {initial settings}/{initial settings using specified
angle unit}/{standardized settings}
• {STO}/{RCL} … V-Window setting {store}/{recall}
After settings are the way you want them, press J or !J(QUIT) to exit the V-Window
setting screen.*1
*1Pressing w without inputting anything while
k is displayed exits the V-Window setting
screen.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
5-2-2
Controlling What Appears on a Graph Screen
u V-Window Setting Precautions
• Inputting zero for Tθ ptch causes an error.
• Any illegal input (out of range value, negative sign without a value, etc.) causes an error.
• When Tθ max is less than Tθ min, Tθ ptch becomes negative.
• You can input expressions (such as 2π) as V-Window parameters.
• When the V-Window setting produces an axis that does not fit on the display, the
scale of the axis is indicated on the edge of the display closest to the origin.
• Changing the V-Window settings clears the graph currently on the display and
replaces it with the new axes only.
• Changing the Xmin or Xmax value causes the Xdot value to be adjusted automatically.
Changing the Xdot value causes the Xmax value to be adjusted automatically.
• A polar coordinate (r =) or parametric graph will appear coarse if the settings you
make in the V-Window cause the Tθ ptch value to be too large, relative to the
differential between the Tθ min and Tθ max settings. If the settings you make cause
the Tθ ptch value to be too small relative to the differential between the Tθ min and Tθ
max settings, on the other hand, the graph will take a very long time to draw.
• The following is the input range for V-Window parameters.
–9.999999999E 97 to 9.999999999E 97
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
5-2-3
Controlling What Appears on a Graph Screen
k Initializing and Standardizing the V-Window
u To initialize the V-Window
1. From the Main Menu, enter the GRAPH mode.
2. Press !3(V-WIN).
This displays the V-Window setting screen.
3. Press 1(INIT) to initialize the V-Window.
Xmin = –6.3, Xmax = 6.3,
Ymin = –3.1, Ymax = 3.1,
Xscale = 1,
Yscale = 1
Xdot = 0.1
Tθ min = 0,
Tθ max = 2π (rad), Tθ ptch = 2π /100 (rad)
u To initialize the V-Window in accordance with an angle unit
In step 3 of the procedure under “To initialize the V-Window” above, press 2(TRIG) to
initialize the V-Window in accordance with an angle unit.
Xmin = –3π (rad), Xmax = 3π (rad),
Ymin = –1.6, Ymax = 1.6,
Xscale = π /2 (rad), Xdot = π /21 (rad),
Yscale = 0.5
u To standardize the V-Window
The following are the standard V-Window settings of this calculator.
Xmin = –10,
Ymin = –10,
Tθ min = 0,
Xmax = 10,
Ymax = 10,
Xscale = 1,
Yscale = 1
Xdot = 0.15873015
Tθ max = 2π (rad), Tθ ptch = 2π /100 (rad)
In step 3 of the procedure under “To initialize the V-Window” above, press 3(STD) to
standardize V-Window settings in accordance with the above.
# Initialization and standardization cause Tθ
min, Tθ max, Tθ ptch values to change
automatically in accordance with the current
angle unit setting as shown below.
Gra mode:
Tθ min = 0, Tθ max = 400, Tθ ptch = 4
Deg mode:
Tθ min = 0, Tθ max = 360, Tθ ptch = 3.6
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
5-2-4
Controlling What Appears on a Graph Screen
k V-Window Memory
You can store up to six sets of V-Window settings in V-Window memory for recall when you
need them.
u To store V-Window settings
1. From the Main Menu, enter the GRAPH mode.
2. Press !3(V-WIN) to display the V-Window setting screen, and input the values you
want.
3. Press 4(STO) to display the pop-up window.
4. Press a number key to specify the V-Window memory where you want to save the
settings, and then press w. Pressing bw stores the settings in V-Window Memory
1 (V-Win1).
u To recall V-Window memory settings
1. From the Main Menu, enter the GRAPH mode.
2. Press !3(V-WIN) to display the V-Window setting screen.
3. Press 5(RCL) to display the pop-up window.
4. Press a number key to specify the V-Window memory number for the settings you want
to recall, and then press w. Pressing bw recalls the settings in V-Window Memory
1 (V-Win1).
# Storing V-Window settings to a memory that
already contains setting data replaces the
previous data with the new settings.
# Recalling settings causes the current V-Window
settings to be replaced with those recalled from
memory.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
5-2-5
Controlling What Appears on a Graph Screen
k Specifying the Graph Range
Description
You can define a range (start point, end point) for a function before graphing it.
Set Up
1. From the Main Menu, enter the GRAPH mode.
2. Make V-Window settings.
Execution
3. Specify the function type and input the function. The following is the syntax for function
input.
Function ,!+( [ )Start Point , End Point !-( ] )
4. Draw the graph.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
5-2-6
Controlling What Appears on a Graph Screen
Example
Graph y = x2 + 3x – 2 within the range – 2 < x < 4
Use the following V-Window settings.
Xmin = –3,
Xmax = 5,
Xscale = 1
Ymin = –10, Ymax = 30, Yscale = 5
Procedure
1 m GRAPH
2 !3(V-WIN)-dwfwbwc
-bawdawfwJ
3 3(TYPE)1(Y=)vx+dv-c,
!+( [ )-c,e!-( ] )w
4 6(DRAW)
Result Screen
# You can specify a range when graphing
rectangular expressions, polar expressions,
parametric functions, and inequalities.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
5-2-7
Controlling What Appears on a Graph Screen
k Zoom
Description
This function lets you enlarge and reduce the graph on the screen.
Set Up
1. Draw the graph.
Execution
2. Specify the zoom type.
!2(ZOOM)1(BOX) ... Box zoom
Draw a box around a display area, and that area is enlarged to
fill the entire screen.
2(FACT)
3(IN)/4(OUT) ... Factor zoom
The graph is enlarged or reduced in accordance with the factor
you specify, centered on the current pointer location.
5(AUTO)... Auto zoom
V-Window y-axis settings are automatically adjusted so the
graph fills the screen along the y-axis.
6(g)1(ORIG) ... Original size
Returns the graph to its original size following a zoom opera-
tion.
6(g)2(SQR) ... Graph correction
V-Window x-axis values are corrected so they are identical to
the y-axis values.
6(g)3(RND) ... Coordinate rounding
Rounds the coordinate values at the current pointer location.
6(g)4(INTG) ... Integer
Each dot is given a width of 1, which makes coordinate values
integers.
6(g)5(PRE)... Previous
V-Window parameters are returned to what they were prior to
the last zoom operation.
Box zoom range specification
3. Use the cursor keys to move the pointer ( ) in the center of the screen to the location
where you want one corner of the box to be, and then press w.
4. Use the cursor keys to move the pointer. This causes a box to appear on the screen.
Move the cursor until the area you want to enlarge is enclosed in the box, and then
press w to enlarge it.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
5-2-8
Controlling What Appears on a Graph Screen
Example
Graph y = (x + 5)(x + 4)(x + 3), and then perform a box zoom.
Use the following V-Window settings.
Xmin = –8,
Ymin = –4,
Xmax = 8,
Ymax = 2,
Xscale = 2
Yscale = 1
Procedure
1 m GRAPH
!3(V-WIN)-iwiwcwc
-ewcwbwJ
3(TYPE)1(Y=)(v+f)(v+e)
(v+d)w
6(DRAW)
2 !2(ZOOM)1(BOX)
3 d~dw
4 d~d,f~fw
Result Screen
# You must specify two different points for box
zoom, and the two points cannot be on a
straight line vertically or horizontally from each
other.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
5-2-9
Controlling What Appears on a Graph Screen
k Factor Zoom
Description
With factor zoom, you can zoom in or out, centered on the current cursor position.
Set Up
1. Draw the graph.
Execution
2. Press !2(ZOOM)
20050401
5-2-10
Controlling What Appears on a Graph Screen
Example
Enlarge the graphs of the two expressions shown below five times on
both the x- and y-axis to see if they are tangent.
Y1 = (x + 4)(x + 1)(x – 3), Y2 = 3x + 22
Use the following V-Window settings.
Xmin = –8,
Xmax = 8,
Xscale = 1
Ymin = –30, Ymax = 30, Yscale = 5
Procedure
1 m GRAPH
!3(V-WIN)-iwiwbwc
-dawdawfwJ
3(TYPE)1(Y=)(v+e)(v+b)
(v-d)w
dv+ccw
6(DRAW)
2 !2(ZOOM)2(FACT)fwfwJ
3 !2(ZOOM)3(IN)
4 f~f,d~dw
Result Screen
# You can repeat factor zoom to enlarge or
reduce a graph even further.
200506401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
5-3-1
Drawing a Graph
5-3 Drawing a Graph
You can store up to 20 functions in memory. Functions in memory can be edited, recalled,
and graphed.
k Specifying the Graph Type
Before you can store a graph function in memory, you must first specify its graph type.
1. While the Graph relation list is on the display, press 3(TYPE) to display the graph
type menu, which contains the following items.
• {Y=}/{r=}/{Parm}/{X=c} ... {rectangular coordinate}/{polar coordinate}/{parametric}/
{X=constant}*1 graph
• {Y>}/{Y<}/{Yt}/{Ys} ... {Y>f(x)}/{Y<f(x)}/{Y>f(x)}/{Y<f(x)} inequality graph
• {CONV}
• {'Y=}/{'Y>}/{'Y<}/{'Yt}/{'Ys}
... {changes the function type of the selected expression}
2. Press the function key that corresponds to the graph type you want to specify.
k Storing Graph Functions
u To store a rectangular coordinate function (Y=) *2
Example
To store the following expression in memory area Y1 : y = 2x2 – 5
3(TYPE)1(Y=) (Specifies rectangular coordinate expression.)
cvx-f(Inputs expression.)
w (Stores expression.)
*1 Attempting to draw a graph for an expression
in which X is input for an X = constant
expression results in an error.
*2A function cannot be stored into a memory area that
already contains a function of a different type from
the one you are trying to store. Select a memory
area that contains a function that is the same type
as the one you are storing, or delete the function in
the memory area to which you are trying to store.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
5-3-2
Drawing a Graph
u To store a polar coordinate function (r=) *1
Example
To store the following expression in memory area r2 : r = 5 sin3θ
3(TYPE)2(r=) (Specifies polar coordinate expression.)
fsdv(Inputs expression.)
w(Stores expression.)
u To store a parametric function *2
Example
To store the following functions in memory areas Xt3 and Yt3 :
x = 3 sin T
y = 3 cos T
3(TYPE)3(Parm) (Specifies parametric expression.)
dsvw(Inputs and stores x expression.)
dcvw(Inputs and stores y expression.)
*1A function cannot be stored into a memory area
that already contains a function of a different
type from the one you are trying to store. Select
a memory area that contains a function that is
the same type as the one you are storing, or
delete the function in the memory area to which
you are trying to store.
*2You will not be able to store the expression in an
area that already contains a rectangular
coordinate expression, polar coordinate
expression, X = constant expression or inequality.
Select another area to store your expression or
delete the existing expression first.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
5-3-3
Drawing a Graph
u To store an X = constant expression *1
Example
To store the following expression in memory area X4 :
X = 3
3(TYPE)4(X=c) (Specifies X = constant expression.)
d(Inputs expression.)
w(Stores expression.)
• Inputting X, Y, T, r, or θ for the constant in the above procedures causes an error.
u To store an inequality *1
Example
To store the following inequality in memory area Y5 :
y > x2 – 2x – 6
3(TYPE)6(g)1(Y>) (Specifies an inequality.)
vx-cv-g(Inputs expression.)
w(Stores expression.)
u To create a composite function
Example To use relations in Y1 and Y2 to create composite functions for Y3
and Y4
Y1= (X+1), Y2=X2 +3
Assign Y1 Y2 to Y3, and Y2 Y1 to Y4.
°
°
(Y1 Y2 = ((x2 +3)+1) = (x2 +4) Y2 Y1 = ( (X+1))2 +3 = X +4 (Xм –1))
°
°
Input relations into Y3 and Y4.
3(TYPE)1(Y=)J4(GRPH)
1(Y)b(1(Y)c)w
J4(GRPH)1(Y)c
(1(Y)b)w
• A composite function can consist of up to five functions.
*1A function cannot be stored into a memory
area that already contains a function of a
different type from the one you are trying to
store. Select a memory area that contains a
function that is the same type as the one you are
storing, or delete the function in the memory area to
which you are trying to store.
200509401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
5-3-4
Drawing a Graph
u To assign values to the coefficients and variables of a graph function
Example
To assign the values –1, 0, and 1 to variable A in Y = AX2–1, and draw a
graph for each value
3(TYPE)1(Y=)
av(A)vx-bw
J4(GRPH)1(Y)b(av(A)
!.(=)-b)w
J4(GRPH)1(Y)b(av(A)
!.(=)a)w
J4(GRPH)1(Y)b(av(A)
!.(=)b)w
ffff1(SEL)
6(DRAW)
The above three screens are produced using the Trace function.
See “5-11 Function Analysis” for more information.
200509401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
5-3-5
Drawing a Graph
• If you do not specify a variable name (variable A in the above key operation), the calculator
automatically uses one of the default variables listed below. Note that the default variable
used depends on the memory area type where you are storing the graph function.
Memory Area Type
Default Variable
Yn
rn
X
θ
Xtn
Ytn
fn
T
T
X
Example
Y1 (3) and Y1 (X = 3) are identical values.
• You can also use Dynamic Graph for a look at how changes in coefficients alter the
appearance of a graph. See “5-8 Dynamic Graphing” for more information.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
5-3-6
Drawing a Graph
k Editing and Deleting Functions
u To edit a function in memory
Example
To change the expression in memory area Y1 from y = 2x2 – 5 to
y = 2x2 – 3
e (Displays cursor.)
eeeeeDd(Changes contents.)
w(Stores new graph function.)
u To change the line style of a graph function
1. On the Graph relation list screen, use f and c to highlight the relation whose line
style you want to change.
2. Press 4(STYL).
3. Select the line style.
Example
To change the line style of y = 2x2 – 3, which is stored in area Y1, to
“Broken”.
4(STYL)3( ) (Selects “Broken”.)
…
→
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
5-3-7
Drawing a Graph
u To change the type of a function*1
1. While the Graph relation list is on the display, press f or c to move the highlighting
to the area that contains the function whose type you want to change.
2. Press 3(TYPE)5(CONV).
3. Select the function type you want to change to.
Example
To change the function in memory area Y1 from y = 2x2 – 3 to
y < 2x2 – 3
3(TYPE)5(CONV)3('Y<) (Changes the function type to “Y<”.)
u To delete a function
1. While the Graph relation list is on the display, press f or c to move the highlighting
to the area that contains the function you want to delete.
2. Press 2(DEL) or D.
3. Press 1(Yes) to delete the function or 6(No) to abort the procedure without deleting
anything.
*1The function type can be changed for
rectangular coordinate functions and
inequalities only.
# Parametric functions come in pairs (Xt and Yt).
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
5-3-8
Drawing a Graph
k Selecting Functions for Graphing
u To specify the draw/non-draw status of a graph
1. On the graph relation list, use f and c to highlight the relation you do not want to
graph.
2. Press 1(SEL).
• Each press of 1(SEL) toggles graphing on and off.
3. Press 6(DRAW).
Example
To select the following functions for drawing :
Y1 = 2x2 – 5, r2 = 5 sin3θ
Use the following V-Window settings.
Xmin = –5, Xmax = 5,
Ymin = –5, Ymax = 5,
Xscale = 1
Yscale = 1
T
θ
min = 0,
T
θ
max =
,
T
ptch = 2 / 60
π
θ
π
cf (Select a memory area that contains a function
for which you want to specify non-draw.)
1(SEL) (Specifies non-draw.)
6(DRAW) or w (Draws the graphs.)
• You can use the Setup screen settings to alter the appearance of the graph screen as
shown below.
• Grid: On (Axes: On Label: Off)
This setting causes dots to appear at the grid
intersects on the display.
• Axes: Off (Label: Off Grid: Off)
This setting clears the axis lines from the display.
• Label: On (Axes: On Grid: Off)
This setting displays labels for the x- and y-axes.
20076011001
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
5-3-9
Drawing a Graph
k Graph Memory
Graph memory lets you store up to 20 sets of graph function data and recall it later when you
need it.
A single save operation saves the following data in graph memory.
• All graph functions in the currently displayed Graph relation list (up to 20)
• Graph types
• Function graph line information
• Draw/non-draw status
• V-Window settings (1 set)
u To store graph functions in graph memory
1. Press 5(GMEM)1(STO) to display the pop-up window.
2. Press a number key to specify the Graph memory where you want to save the graph
function, and then press w. Pressing bw stores the graph function to Graph
Memory 1 (G-Mem1).
• There are 20 graph memories numbered G-Mem1 to G-Mem20.
u To recall a graph function
1. Press 5(GMEM)2(RCL) to display the pop-up window.
2. Press a number key to specify the Graph memory for the function you want to recall,
and then press w. Pressing bw recalls the graph function in Graph Memory 1
(G-Mem1).
# Storing a function in a memory area that
already contains a function replaces the
existing function with the new one.
# Recalling data from graph memory causes any
data currently on the Graph relation list to be
deleted.
# If the data exceeds the calculator’s remaining
memory capacity, an error occurs.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
5-4-1
Storing a Graph in Picture Memory
5-4 Storing a Graph in Picture Memory
You can save up to 20 graphic images in picture memory for later recall. You can overdraw
the graph on the screen with another graph stored in picture memory.
u To store a graph in picture memory
1. After graphing in GRAPH mode, press K1(PICT)1(STO) to display the pop-up
window.
2. Press a number key to specify the Picture memory where you want to save the picture,
and then press w. Pressing bw stores the picture function to Picture Memory 1
(Pict 1).
• There are 20 picture memories numbered Pict 1 to Pict 20.
u To recall a stored graph
1. After graphing in GRAPH mode, press K1(PICT)2(RCL) to display the pop-up
window.
2. Press a number key to specify the Picture memory for the picture you want to recall,
and then press w. Pressing bw recalls the picture function in Picture Memory 1
(Pict 1).
• Recalling picture memory contents causes the currently displayed graph to be
overwritten.
• Use the sketch Cls function (page 5-10-1) to clear a graph that was recalled from
picture memory.
# Storing a graphic image in a memory area that
already contains a graphic image replaces the
existing graphic image with the new one.
# A dual graph screen or any other type of graph
that uses a split screen cannot be saved in
picture memory.
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
5-5-1
Drawing Two Graphs on the Same Screen
5-5 Drawing Two Graphs on the Same Screen
k Copying the Graph to the Sub-screen
Description
Dual Graph lets you split the screen into two parts. Then you can graph two different
functions in each for comparison, or draw a normal size graph on one side and its enlarged
version on the other side. This makes Dual Graph a powerful graph analysis tool.
With Dual Graph, the left side of the screen is called the “main screen,” while the right side is
called the “sub-screen.”
u Main Screen
The graph in the main screen is actually drawn from a function.
u Sub-screen
The graph on the sub-screen is produced by copying or zooming the main screen graph.
You can even make different V-Window settings for the sub-screen and main screen.
Set Up
1. From the Main Menu, enter the GRAPH mode.
2. On the Setup screen, select G+G for Dual Screen.
3. Make V-Window settings for the main screen.
Press 6(RIGHT) to display the sub-graph settings screen. Pressing 6(LEFT)
returns to the main screen setting screen.
Execution
4. Store the function, and draw the graph in the main screen.
5. Perform the Dual Graph operation you want.
K1(COPY) ... Duplicates the main screen graph in the sub-screen
K2(SWAP) ... Swaps the main screen contents and sub-screen contents
20050401
Download from Www.Somanuals.com. All Manuals Search And Download.
|
