Thecus1U4500R
1U4500S
User’s Manual
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Safety Warnings
For your safety, please read and follow the following safety warnings:
Read this manual thoroughly before attempting to set up your 1U4500.
Your 1U4500 is a complicated electronic device. DO NOT attempt to repair
it under any circumstances. In the case of malfunction, turn off the power
immediately and have it repaired at a qualified service center. Contact
your vendor for details.
DO NOT allow anything to rest on the power cord and DO NOT place the
power cord in an area where it can be stepped on. Carefully place
connecting cables to avoid stepping or tripping on them.
Your 1U4500 can operate normally under temperatures between 0°C and
40°C, with relative humidity of 20% – 85%. Using the 1U4500 under
extreme environmental conditions could damage the unit.
Ensure that the 1U4500 is provided with the correct supply voltage (AC
100V ~ 240V, 50/60 Hz, 3A). Plugging the 1U4500 to an incorrect power
source could damage the unit.
Do NOT expose the 1U4500 to dampness, dust, or corrosive liquids.
Do NOT place the 1U4500 on any uneven surfaces.
DO NOT place the 1U4500 in direct sunlight or expose it to other heat
sources.
DO NOT use chemicals or aerosols to clean the 1U4500. Unplug the power
cord and all connected cables before cleaning.
DO NOT place any objects on the 1U4500 or obstruct its ventilation slots
to avoid overheating the unit.
Keep packaging out of the reach of children.
If disposing of the device, please follow your local regulations for the safe
disposal of electronic products to protect the environment.
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Table of Contents
Overview...............................................................................................7
Product Highlights.................................................................................7
Backup Server .....................................................................................7
Front Panel............................................................................................8
Hard Disk Trays.....................................................................................9
Rear Panel.............................................................................................9
1U4500R.............................................................................................9
1U4500S.............................................................................................9
Overview.............................................................................................10
Overview.............................................................................................13
LCD Operation .....................................................................................15
LCD Controls......................................................................................15
Display Mode .....................................................................................15
USB Copy.................................................................................................16
Overview.............................................................................................18
Menu Bar ..........................................................................................18
Status Menu ........................................................................................20
Printer Status.....................................................................................21
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S.M.A.R.T. Information...............................................................................23
RAID Level ...............................................................................................24
Disk Settings ............................................................................................25
Adding Folders..........................................................................................27
Editing Folders.......................................................................................... 28
Deleting Folders ........................................................................................28
NFS Share................................................................................................28
NFS Setup.........................................................................................33
Adding Users ............................................................................................34
Deleting Users ..........................................................................................35
Adding Groups ..........................................................................................36
Deleting Groups ........................................................................................36
Logout ..............................................................................................41
Overview.............................................................................................42
FTP Server...........................................................................................42
Printer Server......................................................................................43
Overview.............................................................................................47
Login Page...........................................................................................47
Using WebDisk ....................................................................................47
Windows ...........................................................................................48
Apple OS X........................................................................................48
File Backup..........................................................................................49
Nsync ...............................................................................................49
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Adding an Nsync Task................................................................................ 49
Target USB ..........................................................................................53
Overview.............................................................................................62
Benefits...............................................................................................62
Data Security.....................................................................................62
RAID Levels.........................................................................................62
RAID 0..............................................................................................62
RAID 1..............................................................................................63
RAID 5..............................................................................................63
RAID 6..............................................................................................63
RAID 10............................................................................................63
JBOD ................................................................................................63
Stripe Size...........................................................................................63
Disk Usage ..........................................................................................64
Overview.............................................................................................65
ADS Benefits........................................................................................65
Overview.............................................................................................66
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Chapter 1: Introduction
Overview
Thank you for choosing the Thecus 1U4500 1U Rackmount Storage Server. The
Thecus 1U4500 is an easy-to-use storage server that allows a dedicated approach
to storing and distributing data on a network. Data reliability is ensured with
RAID features that provide data security and recovery—over one Terabyte of
storage is available using RAID 5 and RAID 6. Gigabit Ethernet ports enhance
network efficiency, allowing the 1U4500 to take over file management functions,
increase application and data sharing and provide faster data response. The
1U4500 offers data mobility with a disk roaming feature that lets you hot swap
working hard drives for use in another 1U4500, securing the continuity of data in
the event of hardware failure. The 1U4500 allows data consolidation and sharing
between Windows (SMB/CIFS), UNIX/Linux, and Apple OS X environments, and
its user-friendly GUI supports multiple languages. Take the time now to read
through this user’s manual and get the most out of your 1U4500.
Product Highlights
File Server
First and foremost, the 1U4500 allows you to store and share files over an IP
network. With a Network Attached Storage (NAS) device, you can centralize your
files and share them easily over your network. With the easy-to-use web-based
interface, users on your network can access these files in a snap.
To learn about the Web User Interface, go to Chapter 6: Using the 1U4500 >
FTP Server
With the built-in FTP Server, friends, clients, and customers can upload and
download files to your 1U4500 over the Internet with their favorite FTP programs.
You can create user accounts so that only authorized users have access.
Backup Server
Don’t leave precious data to chance. With advanced backup capabilities, you can
easily upload mission critical files to the 1U4500, and even automate your backup
tasks for true peace-of-mind.
To find out how to backup your files with the 1U4500, refer to Chapter 6: Using
Printer Server
With the 1U4500’s Printer Server, you can easily share an IPP printer with other
PCs connected to your network.
To set up the Printer Server, refer to Chapter 5: Additional Feature Setup >
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Redundant Power Supply (1U4500R)
The redundant power supply included with the 1U4500R ensures maximum
uptime in the event of a failure of one of the power supplies. This is
recommended for systems that require a high degree of fault tolerance.
Package Contents
Your 1U4500 package should contain the following items:
z
z
z
z
z
QIG
CD-Title
Ethernet Cable
USB2.0 Cable Accessory
Screw Kit
Please check to see if your package is complete. If you find that some items are
missing, contact your dealer.
Front Panel
The 1U4500’s front panel displays the unit’s array of status LEDs, controls, USB
port, and LCD display. See the table below for a detailed explanation of each:
Escape Button
Down Button
PWR LED
LAN LED
Power Button
Reset Button
Up Button
USB Port
LCD Display
WAN LED
Busy LED
HDD Tray
Enter Button
Front Panel
Item
WAN LED
Description
• Solid green: network link
• Blinking green: network activity
LAN LED
• Solid green: network link
• Blinking green: network activity
Busy LED
USB Port
• Blinking orange: system startup or system maintenance; data
currently inaccessible
• USB 2.0 port for compatible USB devices, such as digital
cameras, USB disks, and USB printers
• Power on/off 1U4500
Power Button
• Solid blue: Device is powered on
• Blinking blue: eSATA hard disk is connected and active
Reset Button
• Resets the 1U4500
• Press for five seconds during boot process to reset IP address
and admin password
HDD Trays
• Four 3.5” SATA HDD trays
• Locks are provided for added security
• Displays current system status and warning messages
• Displays hostname, WAN/LAN IP address, RAID status, and
current time
LCD Display
• Push to scroll up when using the LCD display
Up Button ▲
• Push to scroll down when using the LCD display
Down Button ▼
• Push to confirm information entered into the LCD display
Enter Button ↵
Escape Button ESC • Push to leave the current LCD menu
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Hard Disk Trays
Each of the 1U4500’s hard disk trays has a lock, a latch, and two LED indicators:
Hard Disk Trays
Item
Description
Lock
Latch
HDD Power LED
HDD Access/Error
LED
• Use the lock to physically secure the hard disk to the unit
• Use to open and remove or close and secure the tray
• Solid blue: hard disk is powered on
• Blinking green: system is accessing data on the hard disk
• Blinking red: a hard disk error has occurred
Rear Panel
1U4500R
The rear panel of the 1U4500R houses most of the USB and Ethernet connections,
as well as the eSATA port, system fan, and power connector. See the table below
for descriptions of each:
Power Connector
Power Connector
Power Switch Power Switch
USB Ports (A Type)
LAN Port
Power LED
Power LED
System Fan
eSATA Port
Serial Port
WAN Port
USB Ports (B Type)
1U4500 Back Panel
Item
eSATA Port
USB Ports
Description
• eSATA port for high-speed storage expansion
• USB 2.0 ports for compatible USB devices, such as digital
cameras, USB disks, and USB printers
WAN Port
• WAN port for connecting to an Ethernet network through a
switch or router
LAN Port
• LAN port that can be used for connection sharing
• Switch for power supply
• System fan that exhausts heat from the unit
• This port is for factory use only
Power Switch
System Fan
Serial Port
Power Connector s
• Connect the included power cords to these connectors
1U4500S
The rear panel of the 1U4500S is similar to the 1U4500R, but with a single power
connector:
Power Connector
Power Switch
USB Ports (A Type)
LAN Port
System Fan eSATA Port
Serial Port
WAN Port
USB Ports (B Type)
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Chapter 2: Hardware Installation
Overview
Your 1U4500 is designed for easy installation. To help you get started, the
following chapter will help you quickly get your 1U4500 up and running. Please
read it carefully to prevent damaging your unit during installation.
Before You Begin
Before you begin, be sure to take the following precautions:
1. Read and understand the Safety Warnings outlined in the beginning of
the manual.
2. If possible, wear an anti-static wrist strap during installation to prevent
static discharge from damaging the sensitive electronic components on the
1U4500.
3. Be careful not to use magnetized screwdrivers around the 1U4500’s
electronic components.
Hard Disk Installation
The 1U4500 supports four standard 3.5” Serial ATA (SATA) hard disks. To install
a hard disk into the 1U4500, follow the steps below:
1. Remove a hard disk tray from the 1U4500.
2. Slide the new SATA hard disk into the tray and fasten the screws.
3. Insert the hard disk and tray back into the 1U4500 until it snaps into place
and lock it with a key if desired.
4. The LED blinks green when the hard disk is accessed. If the Error LED
flashes red it signals a problem.
If your HDD was part of a RAID 1 or 5 array previously, it automatically rebuilds. If
you replace all the drives with higher capacity drives, you need to go to
Administrator login and format the drives.
NOTE
Cable Connections
To connect the 1U4500 to your network, follow the steps below:
1. Connect an Ethernet cable from your network to the WAN port on the back
panel of the 1U4500.
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2. Connect the provided power cord into the universal power socket on the
back panel. Plug the other end of the cord into a surge protector socket.
Press the power supply switch to turn on the power supply.
If you are installing the 1U4500R, be sure to connect both power cables. If you do
not, the system will assume one power supply has failed, and an alarm will sound.
For more information, refer to Chapter 8: Troubleshooting.
NOTE
3. Press the power button on the Front Panel to boot up the 1U4500.
Checking System Status
After making connections on the 1U4500 and powering up, check whether the
system status is normal or has trouble by observing indicators on the front panel
and hard disk trays.
System Status Normal
The system status is normal if:
1. The WAN and LAN LEDs glow green (assuming both are connected).
2. The Power LED on the Front Panel glows blue.
3. The HDD Power LED on each HDD tray glows blue (assuming all disks are
installed).
4. The default IP address of the WAN port is 192.168.1.100.
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Chapter 3: First Time Setup
Overview
Once the hardware is installed, physically connected to your network, and
powered on, you can configure the 1U4500 so that it is accessible to your
network users. There are two ways to set up your 1U4500: using the Thecus
Setup Wizard or the LCD display. Follow the steps below for initial software
setup.
Thecus Setup Wizard
The handy Thecus Setup Wizard makes configuring 1U4500 a snap. To configure
the 1U4500 using the Setup Wizard, perform the following steps:
1. Insert the installation CD into your CD-ROM drive (the host PC must be
connected to the network).
2. The Setup Wizard should launch automatically. If not, please browse your
CD-ROM drive and double click on Setup.exe.
For MAC OS X users, double click on Thecus Setup Wizard 1.1.6.dmg
NOTE
3. The Setup Wizard will start and automatically detect all Thecus storage
devices on your network. If none are found, please check your connection
4. Select the 1U4500 that you like to configure.
5. Login with the administrator account and password. The default account
and password are both “admin”.
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6. Name your 1U4500 and configure the network IP address. If your switch
or router is configured as a DHCP Server, configuring the 1U4500 to
automatically obtain an IP address is recommended. You may also use a
static IP address and enter the DNS Server address manually.
7. Change the default administrator password.
8. Finished! Access the 1U4500 Web Administrator Interface by pressing the
Start Browser button. You can also configure another 1U4500 at this
point by clicking the Setup Other Device button. Press Exit to exit the
wizard.
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The Thecus Setup Wizard is designed for installation on systems running Windows
XP/2000 or Mac OSX or later. Users with other operating systems will need to install
the Thecus Setup Wizard on a host machine with one of these operating systems
before using the unit.
NOTE
LCD Operation
The 1U4500 is equipped with an LCD on the front for easy status display and
setup. There are four buttons on the front panel to control the LCD functions.
LCD Controls
Use the Up (▲), Down (▼), Enter (↵) and Escape (ESC) keys to select various
configuration settings and menu options for 1U4500 configuration.
The following table illustrates the keys on the front control panel:
LCD Controls
Icon Function
Description
▲
Up Button
Down Button
Enter
Select the previous configuration settings option.
Select the next configuration settings option.
Enter the selected menu option, sub-menu, or parameter setting.
Escape and return to the previous menu.
▼
↵
ESC
Escape
There are two modes of operation for the LCD: Display Mode and Management
Mode.
Display Mode
During normal operation, the LCD will be in Display Mode.
Display Mode
Item
Description
Host Name
WAN
LAN
Current host name of the system.
Current WAN IP setting.
Current LAN IP setting.
Current RAID status.
RAID
System Fan
2006/06/16 12:00
Current system fan status.
Current system time.
The 1U4500 will rotate these messages every two seconds on the LCD display.
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USB Copy
The USB Copy function enables you to copy files stored on USB devices such as
USB disks and digital cameras to the 1U4500 with a press of a button. To use
USB copy, follow the steps below:
1. Plug your USB device into an available USB port on the Front Panel.
2. In Display Mode, press the Down Button (▼).
3. The LCD will display “USB Copy?”
4. Press Enter (↵) and the 1U4500 will start copying USB disks connected to
the front USB port.
Management Mode
During setup and configuration, the LCD will be in Management Mode.
To enter into Management Mode, press Enter (↵) and an “Enter Password”
prompt will show on the LCD.
At this time, the administrator has to enter the correct LCD password. System will
check whether the correct LCD password has been entered. The default LCD
password is “0000”. If correct password is entered, you will enter into the
Management Mode menu.
Management Mode
Item
Description
WAN Setting
LAN Setting
Link Agg. Setting
IP address and netmask of your WAN ports.
IP address and netmask of your LAN ports.
Select Load Balance or Failover.
Change Admin Passwd Change administrator’s password for LCD operation.
Reset to Default
Exit
Reset system to factory defaults.
Exit Management Mode and return to Display Mode.
You can also change your LCD password using the Web Administration Interface by
navigating to System > Administrator Password. For more on the Web
Administration Interface, see Chapter 4: System Management.
NOTE
Typical Setup Procedure
From the Web Administration Interface, you can begin to setup your 1U4500 for
use on your network. Setting up the 1U4500 typically follows the five steps
outlined below.
For more on how to use the Web Administration Interface, see Chapter 4:
Step 1: Network Setup
From the Web Administration Interface, you can configure the network settings of
the 1U4500 for your network. You can access the Network menu from the menu
bar.
For details on how to configure your network settings, refer to Chapter 4:
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Step 2: RAID Creation
Next, administrators can configure their preferred RAID setting and build their
RAID array. You can access RAID settings from the menu bar of the Web
Administration Interface by navigating to Storage > RAID.
For more information on configuring RAID, see Chapter 4: System
Don’t know which RAID level to use? Find out more about the different RAID
Step 3: Create Local Users or Setup Authentication
Once the RAID is ready, you can begin to create local users for the 1U4500, or
choose to setup authentication protocols such as Active Directory (AD).
For more information on configuring Active Directory, see Chapter 4: System
For information about the benefits of Active Directory, see Appendix D: Active
Step 4: Create Folders and Set Up ACLs
Once users are introduced into your network, you can begin to create various
folders on the 1U4500 and control user access to each using Folder Access
Control Lists.
More information on managing folders, see Chapter 4: System Management >
To find out about configuring Folder Access Control Lists, see Chapter 4: System
Step 5: Start Services
Finally, you can start to setup the different services of the 1U4500 for the users
on your network. You can find out more about each of these services by clicking
below:
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Chapter 4: System Management
Overview
The 1U4500 provides an easily accessible Web Administration Interface. With
it, you can configure and monitor the 1U4500 anywhere on the network.
Web Administration Interface
Make sure your network is connected to the Internet. To access the 1U4500 Web
Administration Interface:
1. Type the 1U4500’s IP address into your browser. (Default IP address is
Your computer’s network IP address must be on the same subnet as the 1U4500. If
the 1U4500 has default IP address of 192.168.1.100, your managing PC IP address
must be 192.168.1.x, where x is a number between 1 and 254, but not 100.
NOTE
2. Login to the system using the administrator user name and password. The
factory defaults are:
User Name: admin
Password: admin
If you changed your password in the setup wizard, use the new password.
Once you are logged in as an administrator, you will see the Web
Administration Interface. From here, you can configure and monitor virtually
every aspect of the 1U4500 from anywhere on the network.
Menu Bar
The Menu Bar is where you will find all of the information screens and system
settings of the 1U4500. The various settings are placed in the following groups on
the menu bar:
Menu Bar
Item
Description
Status
Storage
Current system status of the 1U4500.
Information and settings for storage devices installed into the
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1U4500.
Network
Information and settings for network connections, as well as
various services of the 1U4500.
Accounts
System
Language
Allows configuration of users and groups.
Various 1U4500 system settings and information.
Choose your preferred language here.
Moving your cursor over any of these items will display the dropdown menu
selections for each group.
In the following sections, you will find detailed explanations of each function, and
how to configure your 1U4500.
Language Selection
The 1U4500 supports multiple languages,
including:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
English
French
German
Italian
Traditional Chinese
Simplified Chinese
Japanese
Korean
Spanish
On the menu bar, click Language and the
Change Language screen appears. This
screen allows you to select preferred
language for the 1U4500. Press Apply to
confirm your selection.
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Status Menu
The Status Menu on the menu bar allows you to see various aspects of the
1U4500. From here, you can discover the status of the 1U4500, and even find out
other details like firmware version and up time.
Product Information
Once you login, you will first see the basic
Product Information screen providing
Manufacturer, Product No., Firmware
Version, and Up Time information.
Product Information
Item
Description
Manufacturer
Product No.
Firmware version
Up time
Displays the name of the system manufacturer.
Shows the model number of the system.
Shows the current firmware version.
Displays the total run time of the system.
To access this screen again, navigate to Status > About.
System/Service Status
From the Status menu, choose the System
item, and the System Status and Service
Status screens appear. These screens
provide basic system and service status
information.
System Status
Item
Description
CPU Loading (%)
Displays current CPU workload of the 1U4500.
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CPU Fan Speed
System Fan Speed
Memory Size
Up Time
Displays the current status of the CPU fan.
Displays the current status of the system fan.
Shows the system memory capacity.
Shows how long the system has been running.
Service Status
Item
Description
AFP Status
The status of Apple Filing Protocol server.
The status of Network File Service Server.
The status of SMB/CIFS server.
The status of FTP server.
NFS Status
SMB/CIFS Status
FTP Status
Nsync Status
UPnP Status
The status of Nsync server.
The status of UPnP service.
System Information
From Status menu, choose the Info item,
and the System Information screen
appears. You can change the system
information that appears on the Login page
by entering the new information here and
pressing Apply to confirm.
System Information
Item
Description
System Description
Shows the system description that would also appear on the
Login page.
Printer Status
From the Status menu, choose the Printer
item, and the Printer Information screen
appears. This screen provides the following
information about the USB printer connected
to the USB port.
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Printer Status
Item
Description
Manufacturer
Model
Status
Displays the name of the USB printer manufacturer.
Displays the model of the USB printer.
Displays the status of the USB printer.
Click to remove all documents from printer queue
Printer Queue
If a corrupt print job is sent to a printer, printing may suddenly fail. If your print
jobs seem to be locked up, pressing the Remove All Documents button to clear
the print queue may resolve the issue.
For information on how to set up the Printer Server, refer to Chapter 4: Printer
Storage Management
The Storage Menu displays the status of storage devices installed in the 1U4500,
and includes storage configuration options such as RAID and disk settings, folder
configuration, and Nsync settings.
Disks Information
From the Storage menu, choose the Disks
item and the Disks Information screen
appears. From here, you can see various
items about installed SATA hard disks. Blank
lines indicate that a SATA hard disk is not
currently installed in that particular disk slot.
If there is a problem with a disk, a Failed
message will be displayed in the Status
column.
Disks Information
Item
Description
Disk No.
Capacity
Model
Firmware
Status
Indicates disk location.
Shows the SATA hard disk capacity.
Displays the SATA hard disk model name.
Shows the SATA hard disk firmware version.
Indicates the status of the disk. Can read OK, Warning, or
Failed.
Total Capacity
Disk Power
Management
Shows the total SATA hard disk capacity.
The administrator can set the disk to power down after a period
of inactivity.
When the Status shows Warning, it usually means there are bad sectors on the hard
disk. It is shown only as a precaution and you should consider changing the drives.
NOTE
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S.M.A.R.T. Information
On the Disks Information screen, the status of each disk
will be displayed in the Status column. Clicking on an OK
or Warning link will display the S.M.A.R.T Information
window for that particular disk.
S.M.A.R.T. Information
Item
Description
Power ON Hours
Count of hours in power-on state. The raw value of this attribute
shows total count of hours (or minutes, or seconds, depending
on manufacturer) in power-on state.
Reallocated Sector
Count
Count of reallocated sectors. When the hard drive finds a
read/write/verification error, it marks this sector as "reallocated"
and transfers data to a special reserved area (spare area).
This process is also known as remapping and "reallocated"
sectors are called remaps. This is why, on a modern hard disks,
you can not see "bad blocks" while testing the surface - all bad
blocks are hidden in reallocated sectors. However, the more
sectors that are reallocated, the more a decrease (up to 10% or
more) can be noticed in disk read/write speeds.
Current Pending
Sector
Current count of unstable sectors (waiting for remapping). The
raw value of this attribute indicates the total number of sectors
waiting for remapping. Later, when some of these sectors are
read successfully, the value is decreased. If errors still occur
when reading sectors, the hard drive will try to restore the data,
transfer it to the reserved disk area (spare area), and mark this
sector as remapped. If this attribute value remains at zero, it
indicates that the quality of the corresponding surface area is
low.
Cancel
Press Cancel to go back to the Disks Information screen.
If the Reallocated Sector Count or Current Pending Sector of a hard disk drive is not
zero, the status of the disk will show “Warning”. This warning is only used to alert
the system administrator that there are bad sectors on the disk, and they should
replace those disks as soon as possible.
NOTE
RAID Information
From the Storage menu, choose the RAID
item and the RAID Information screen
appears.
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RAID Information
Item
Description
RAID Level
Total Capacity
Status
Shows the current RAID configuration.
Shows total capacity of the RAID configuration.
Indicates status of the RAID. Can read either Healthy,
Degraded, or Damaged.
Data Capacity
Snapshot Capacity
USB Capacity
Indicates the used capacity, total capacity, and current
percentage used by user data.
Indicates the used capacity, total capacity, and current
percentage used by the Snapshot.
Indicates the used capacity, total capacity, and current
percentage used by the target USB mode.
Displays the total space available and total space used on the
RAID.
Capacity Used
Stripe Size
Shows the current disk stripe size.
Remaining Time
Rebuild Speed
Indicates time remaining until the RAID is finished building.
Configures the speed of the RAID rebuild.
Low: the rebuild will be longer, but the system will be more
responsive to file requests.
High: the rebuild will be faster, but the system will be less
responsive to file requests.
Add new disk as spare When adding a new disk, this setting determines whether the
disk?
system will add the new disk as a spare disk of the existing
RAID.
To configure your RAID settings, press the Config button to go to the RAID
Configuration screen.
RAID Configuration
On the RAID Information screen, press
the Config button to go to the RAID
Configuration screen. In addition to RAID
disk information and status, this screen lets
you make RAID configuration settings.
For more information on RAID, see
RAID Level
You can set the storage volume as either None, JBOD, RAID 0, RAID 1 or
RAID 5. RAID configuration is usually required only when you first set up the
device. A brief description of each RAID setting follows:
RAID Levels
Level
None
JBOD
Description
There is no existing storage volume.
The storage volume is a single HDD with no RAID support. JBOD
requires a minimum of 1 disk.
RAID 0
Provides data striping but no redundancy. Improves
performance but not data safety. RAID 0 requires a minimum of
2 disks.
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RAID 1
RAID 5
RAID 6
Offers disk mirroring. Provides twice the read rate of single
disks, but same write rate. RAID 1 requires a minimum of 2
disks.
Data striping and stripe error correction information provided.
Excellent performance and good fault tolerance. RAID 5 requires
a minimum of 3 disks. RAID 5 can sustain one failed disk.
Two independent parity computations must be used in order to
provide protection against double disk failure. Two different
algorithms are employed to achieve this purpose. RAID 6
requires a minimum of 4 disks. RAID 6 can sustain two failed
disks.
RAID 10
RAID 10 has high reliability and high performance. RAID 10 is
implemented as a striped array whose segments are RAID 1
arrays. It has the fault tolerance of RAID 1 and the performance
of RAID 0. RAID 10 requires 4 disks. RAID 10 can sustain two
failed disks.
If the administrator improperly removes a hard disk that should not be removed
when RAID status is Degraded, all data will be lost.
WARNING
Disk Settings
Using Disk Settings, you can select stripe size, choose which disks are RAID
disks or the Spare Disk, as well as enter a name for each disk.
Disk Settings
Item
Description
RAID
Check the boxes of the hard drives you wish to add to the
storage volume.
Spare
Check a box to designate the replacement HDD for the storage
volume. This becomes the backup for any damaged hard drives.
This sets the stripe size to maximize performance of sequential
files in a storage volume. Keep the 64K setting unless you
require a special file storage layout in the storage volume. A
larger stripe size is better for large files.
Stripe Size
User Percentage
Add Linear
Data Percentage: The percentage of the RAID volume that will
be used to store data.
Target USB Percentage: The percentage of RAID volume that
will be used as USB disk.
Snapshot Percentage: The rest of the RAID volume will be
used to store the Snapshot.
Under JBOD mode, if you would like to add more disks to the
current RAID, select a disk by clicking on the checkbox in the
RAID column for that disk and click Add Linear to add the new
disk into the RAID volume.
Add Spare
Remove
Press this button to add a new Spare disk.
Click to remove the RAID volume. All user data, snapshot, and
Target USB data will be removed.
Create RAID
Press this button to configure a file system and create the RAID
storage volume.
Creating a RAID
To create a RAID volume, follow the steps below:
1. On the RAID Configuration screen, set the RAID storage space as JBOD,
RAID Basics for a detailed description of each.
2. Tick the checkboxes of the hard disks you wish to use to create a RAID.
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3. Specify a stripe size — 64K is the default setting.
4. Press Create to build the RAID storage volume.
Building a RAID storage space may take time, depending on the size of hard drives
and RAID mode.
NOTE
Creating RAID destroys all data in the current RAID. The data is unrecoverable.
WARNING
With a RAID 5 array, you can also add a spare disk after the RAID is created. See
When you create RAID, you can assign a portion of space on the RAID to be used
as a USB disk. For instructions on how to do this, see Chapter 7: Tips and
Deleting a RAID
To delete a RAID volume, follow the steps below:
1. On the RAID Configuration screen, click Remove RAID.
2. The system automatically rebuilds and you can create a new RAID.
Removing RAID destroys all data in the current RAID. The data is unrecoverable.
WARNING
Advanced RAID Configuration
Scroll to the bottom half of the RAID Configuration screen, you will see RAID
Advanced Configuration screen. Advanced RAID Configuration options include
RAID Migration and RAID Expansion. Descriptions of each are below:
Advanced RAID Configuration
Item
Description
RAID Migration
Changes the number of disks or RAID level in current RAID
configuration. The system will list the possible migration paths,
and enable you to choose a possible path. For example, RAID 1
with two disks can be migrated to RAID 5 with 3 disks or RAID 5
with 3 disks can be migrated to RAID 5 with 4 disks.
RAID levels currently supported are : RAID 0, 1, 5.
When larger disks have replaced the smaller disks thru RAID
Rebuild, the file system on the RAID is not changed. You can
press this button to check to see if there is room to expand the
file system. If yes, then the file system will grow to take
advantage of the larger disks.
RAID Expansion
During RAID Migration and RAID Expansion, all the file services such as SMB/CIFS,
AFP, NFS, and FTP will not be available. The time to finish these operations depends
on the size of your hard disk drives and your RAID volume.
NOTE
WARNING
•
•
RAID Migration and Expansion are inherently risky operations. Please make sure
your system is protected by a UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supply) to prevent
accidental power failure, which might result data loss.
These operations will cause heavy loading on your RAID system. RAID Migration
and RAID Expansion will not be available if your RAID is in a degraded state.
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Folder Management
From the Storage menu, choose Folder,
and the Folder screen appears. This screen
allows you to create and configure folders
on the 1U4500 volume.
Folder
Item
Description
Folder name
Description
NFS Share
Displays the name of the folder.
Provides a description of the folder.
Press NFS Share to configure which hosts on the network are
allowed to access this folder using NFS.
Press ACL (Access Control List) to configure which users have
access to this folder.
Press Edit to enter the Edit screen and modify the folder’s
name and description.
Press Del to delete the folder. A prompt appears asking to
confirm the deletion.
ACL
Edit
Del
Add
Press Add to enter the Add Folder screen.
Nsync folders will be created once the RAID is created. Nsync folder is used by
Nsync server. It will be used for files backed up by Nsync.
NOTE
Adding Folders
On the Folder screen, press the Add button
and the Add Folder screen appears. This
screen allows you to add a folder. After
entering the information, press Apply to
create new folder. Press Back to return to
the Folder screen.
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Add Folder
Item
Description
Folder Name
Description
Browseable
Enter the name of the folder.
Provide a description the folder.
Enable or disable users from browsing the folder contents. If
Yes is selected, then the share folder will be browseable.
Admit or deny public access to this folder. If Yes is selected,
then users do not need to have access permission to write to
this folder. When accessing a public folder via FTP, the behavior
is similar to anonymous FTP. Anonymous users can
upload/download a file to the folder, but they cannot delete a
file from the folder.
Public
Share Folder Limit
Enter the maximum size of the folder. The folder cannot grow
beyond this limit. You can enter a 0to turn off the share folder
limit.
Apply
Back
Press Apply to create the folder.
Press Back to return to the Folder screen.
Folder names are limited to 60 characters. Systems running Windows 98 or earlier
may not support file names longer than 15 characters.
NOTE
Editing Folders
On the Folder screen, press the Edit button and the Edit Folder screen appears.
This screen allows you to change folder information. After entering the
information, press Submit to apply the changes. Press Back to return to the
Folder screen.
Edit Folder
Item
Description
Share Name
Comment
Browseable
Public
Enter the name of the (Share) folder.
Provide a description the folder.
Enable or disable users from browsing the folder contents.
Admit or deny public access to this folder.
Enter the maximum size of the folder. The folder will not grow
beyond this limit. You can enter a 0to turn off the share folder
limit.
Share Limit
Submit
Back
Press Submit to save your changes.
Press Back to return to the Folder screen.
Deleting Folders
To delete a folder, press the Del button from the specified folder row. The system
will confirm folder deletion. Press OK to delete the folder permanently or Cancel
to go back to the folder list.
All the data stored in the folder will be deleted once the folder is deleted. The data
will not be recoverable.
WARNING
NFS Share
To allow NFS access to the share folder,
enable the NFS Service, and then set up
hosts with access rights.
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NFS Share
Item
Description
Hostname
Privilege
Root Access
Enter the name of the Host or IP address
Host has either read only or writeable access to the folder.
Access the data on root directory of the RAID.
Folder Access Control List (ACL)
On the Folder screen, press the ACL button,
and the Access Control List screen
appears. This screen allows you to configure
access to the specific folder for users and
groups. Select a user or a group from the
left hand column and then choose Deny,
Read Only, or Writable to configure their
access level. Press the Submit button to
confirm your settings.
Access Control List
Item
Description
Deny
Denies access to users or groups who are displayed in this
column.
Read Only
Writable
Remove
Provides Read Only access to users or groups who are displayed
in this column.
Provides Write access to users or groups who are displayed in
this column.
Removes the selected user or group from the column in order to
reset their access privileges.
Submit
Reset
Submits and confirms settings.
Cancel your settings and return to the Folder screen.
To configure folder access, follow the steps below:
1. On the ACL screen, all network groups and users are listed in the left hand
column. Select a group or user from this list.
2. With the group or user selected, press one of the buttons from the three
access level columns at the top. The group or user then appears in that
column and has that level of access to the folder.
3. Continue selecting groups and users and assigning them access levels
using the column buttons.
4. To remove a group or user from an access level column, press the
Remove button in that column.
5. When you are finished, press Submit to submit and confirm your ACL
settings.
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System Snapshots
This function will create snapshots of all your share folders. The snapshot
versions will be time stamped.
Snapshot
Item
Description
Manual
Schedule
Press to manually create a snapshot.
Create snapshots at designated intervals.
To schedule a snapshot at designated times, press the Schedule button and set
your desired snapshot options:
Item
Description
Automatically remove
oldest snapshot
When a snapshot is created and it is over the system limit. The
oldest snapshot will be removed automatically to make room for
the new snapshot.
Enable snapshot
schedule
Monthly
Weekly
Daily
To Enable scheduling mechanism of snapshot.
To create a snapshot using a monthly interval.
To create a snapshot using a weekly interval.
To create a snapshot using a daily interval.
This operation will cause heavy loading on your RAID system. If your RAID is
degraded, please disable this function and replace damaged disk as soon as
possible.
WARNING
Network Management
Use the Network menu to make network configuration settings as well as service
support settings.
WAN Configuration
From the Network menu, choose WAN,
and the WAN Configuration screen
appears. This screen displays the network
parameters of the WAN connection. You
may change any of these items and press
Apply to confirm your settings. See a
description of each item in the following
table:
WAN Configuration
Item
Description
Host name
Host name that identifies the 1U4500 on the network.
Specifies the domain name of the 1U4500.
MAC address of the network interface.
Enable or disable Jumbo Frame Support of the WAN interface on
your 1U4500.
Domain name
MAC Address
Jumbo Frame Support
DHCP
Enable or disable the 1U4500 from obtaining in IP address via
DHCP server. If you require a static IP, disable this feature and
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input your network configuration.
IP
IP address of the WAN interface.
Netmask
Gateway
DNS Server
IP Sharing Mode
Network mask, which is generally: 255.255.255.0
Default Gateway IP address.
Domain Name Service (DNS) server IP address.
When enabled, PCs connected to the LAN port will be able to
access the WAN. Default is Enabled.
Link Aggregation
Specifies whether WAN and LAN ports will be aggregated and
act as one port.
Failover: When one port fails, the other one will take over.
Load Balance: Ethernet traffic will flow alternative between two
Ethernet ports.
•
Only use Jumbo Frame settings when operating in a Gigabit environment where
all other clients have Jumbo Frame Setting enabled.
Enabling DHCP automatically turns on UPnP—see the Service Support Screen.
If you are only using the WAN port, we suggest that you disable IP Sharing
Mode. This will result in higher throughput.
NOTE
•
•
•
•
A correct DNS setting is vital to networks services, such as SMTP and NTP.
To use the Link Aggregation feature, please make sure the networking
equipment on the other end of Ethernet cable also supports 802.3ad protocol.
Most Fast Ethernet (10/100) Switches/Routers do not support Jumbo Frame and
you will not be able to connect to your 1U4500 after Jumbo Frame is turned on. If
this happens, turn off the 1U4500. Then, power on the 1U4500 and immediately
press and hold the Reset button on the back of the unit for 10 seconds. This will
reset your network settings, password, and turn off Jumbo Frame Support.
WARNING
LAN Configuration
The 1U4500 supports two Gigabit Ethernet
ports for higher service availability. To
configure these ports, choose LAN from the
Network menu, and the LAN
Configuration screen appears. Press Apply
to save your changes.
LAN Configuration
Item
Description
MAC Address
IP
Netmask
Displays the MAC address of the LAN interface.
Specifies the IP address of the LAN interface.
Specifies the Network Mask of the LAN interface.
Enable or disable Jumbo Frame Support on the LAN interface.
Jumbo Frame Support
Before enabling Jumbo Frame Support, please make sure your network equipment
supports Jumbo Frame. If your equipment is incompatible, you might not be able to
connect to your 1U4500. In this case, you have to reset the system back to default
by the holding down front panel reset button for 5 seconds during boot up process.
NOTE
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DHCP Configuration
A DHCP server can be configured to assign IP addresses to devices connected to
the LAN port. To configure these ports, choose LAN from the Network menu.
DHCP Configuration
Item
Description
DHCP Server
Enable or disable the DHCP server to automatically assign IP
address to PCs connected to the LAN interface.
Specifies the starting IP address of the DHCP range.
Specifies the ending IP address of the DHCP range.
Specifies the DNS server IP address.
Start IP
End IP
DNS Server
The IP Segment of WAN and LAN should not overlap.
NOTE
WARNING
The IP address of the LAN interface should not be in the range of the Start IP
address and End IP address.
Web Services Configuration
From the Network menu, choose the
Service item, and the Web Service screen
appears. This screen displays the service
support parameters of the system. You can
change any of these items and press Apply
to confirm your settings. A description of
each item follows:
Web Service
Item
Description
HTTP (WebDisk)
Support
Enable or disable WebDisk support. Enter the port number if this
option is enabled.
HTTPs (Secure
WebDisk) Support
SMB/CIFS
Enable or disable secure WebDisk support. Enter the port if this
option is enabled.
Enable or Disable SMB/CIFS protocol for Windows, Apple, Unix
drive mapping.
UPnP
Enable or disable Universal Plug and Play protocol. UPnP helps to
find the IP address of the 1U4500.
•
•
Disable HTTP support and Enable Secure HTTP support to guarantee secure
access.
In some environments, due to security concerns, you may wish to disable
SMB/CIFS as a precaution against computer viruses.
NOTE
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AFP (Apple Network Setup)
From the Network menu, choose the AFP
item, and the AFP Configuration screen
appears. This screen displays the
configuration items for the Apple Filing
Protocol. You can change any of these items
and press Apply to confirm your settings. A
description of each item follows:
Apple Network Configuration
Item
Description
AFP Server
Enable or disable Apple File Service to use the 1U4500 with MAC
OS-based systems.
MAC CHARSET
Zone
If your operating system does not support Unicode (e.g. MAC
OS9/8), select the same language as your OS here in order to
properly view the files and directories on the server.
Specifies Zone for Applet Talk service.
If your AppleTalk network uses extended networks and is
assigned with multiple zones, assign a zone name to the
1U4500. If you do not want to assign a network zone, enter an
asterisk (*) to use the default setting.
NFS Setup
From the Network menu, choose the NFS
item, and the NFS Server Setting screen
appears. The 1U4500 can act as an NFS
server, enabling users to download and
upload files with the favorite NFS clients.
Press Apply to confirm your settings. A
description of each item follows:
NFS Server Setting
Item
Description
AFP Server
Enable or disable Apple File Service to use the 1U4500 with MAC
OS-based systems.
Zone
Specifies Zone for Applet Talk service.
If your AppleTalk network uses extended networks and is
assigned with multiple zones, assign a zone name to the
1U4500. If you do not want to assign a network zone, enter an
asterisk (*) to use the default setting.
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User and Group Management
The 1U4500 has built-in user database that allows administrators to manage user
access using different group policies. From the Accounts menu, you can create,
modify, and delete users, and assign them to groups that you designate.
Local User Configuration
From the Accounts menu, choose the
Users item, and the Local User
Configuration screen appears. This screen
allows you to Add, Modify, and Delete
local users.
Local User Configuration
Item
Add
Modify
Delete
Description
Press the Add button to add a user to the list of local users.
Press the Modify button to modify a local user.
Press the Delete button to delete a selected user from the
system.
Adding Users
1. Click on the Add button on Local User Configuration screen, and Local
User Setting screen appears.
2. On the Local User Setting screen, enter a name in the User Name box.
3. Enter a password in the Password box and re-enter the password in the
Confirm box.
4. Select which group the user will belong to. Group Members is a list of
groups this user belongs to. Group List is a list of groups this user does
not belong to. Use the << or >> buttons to have this user join or leave a
group.
5. Press the Apply button and the user is created.
All users are automatically assigned to the ‘users’ group.
NOTE
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Modifying Users
1. Select an existing user from the
Local User Configuration screen.
2. Click on the Modify button, and
Local User Setting screen appears.
3. From here, you can enter a new
password and re-enter to confirm, or
use the << or >> buttons to have
this user join or leave a group. Click
the Apply button to save your
changes.
Deleting Users
1. Select an existing user from the Local User Configuration screen.
2. Click on Delete button and the user is deleted from the system.
Local Groups Configuration
From the Accounts menu, choose the
Groups item, and the Local Groups
Configuration screen appears. This screen
allows you to Add, Modify, and Delete
local groups.
Local Groups Configuration
Item
Add
Description
Press the Add button to add a user to the list of local groups.
Modify
Press the Modify button to delete a selected group from the
system.
Delete
Press the Delete button to delete a selected group from the
system.
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Adding Groups
1. On the Local Group Configuration screen, click on the Add button.
2. The Local Group Setting screen appears.
3. Enter a Group Name, and select users to be in this group from the Users
List by adding them to the Members List using the << button.
4. Click the Apply button to save your changes.
Modifying Groups
1. On the Local Group Configuration
screen, select a group name from the
list.
2. Press the Modify button to modify
the members in a group.
3. To add a user into a group, select the
user from the Users List, and press
the << button to move the user into
the Members List.
4. To remove a user from a group,
select the user from Members List,
and press the >> button.
5. Click the Apply button to save your
changes.
Deleting Groups
1. On the Local Group Configuration screen, select a group name from the
list.
2. Press Delete to delete the group from the system.
ADS/NT Configuration
If you have a Windows Active Directory
Server (ADS) or Windows NT server to
handle the domain security in your network,
you can simply enable the ADS/NT support
feature; the 1U4500 will connect with the
ADS/NT server and get all the information
of the domain users and groups
automatically. From the Accounts menu,
choose Authentication item and the
ADS/NT Support screen appears. You can
to change any of these items and press
Apply to confirm your settings. A
description of each item follows:
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ADS/NT Support
Item
Description
WINS Server
Work Group / Domain
Name
Specifies the WINS server if necessary.
Specifies the SMB/CIFS Work Group / ADS Domain Name (e.g.
1U4500).
ADS/NT Support
Select Disable to disable authentication through Windows Active
Directory Server or Windows NT.
Authentication Method Select ADS for Windows Active Directory Server, or select NT for
Windows NT
ADS/NT Server Name
ADS/NT Realm
Administrator ID
Specifies the ADS/NT server name (e.g. adservername).
Specifies the ADS/NT realm (e.g. example.com).
Enter the administrators ID of Windows Active Directory or
Windows NT, which is required for 1U4500 to join domain.
Enter the ADS/NT Administrator password.
Administrator
Password
Confirm Password
For re-entering password to confirm.
To join an AD domain, you can use the example below to configure the 1U4500:
AD Domain Example
Item
Information
Thecus
Work Group / Domain
Name
Enable
ADServer
thecus.com
Administrator
***********
ADS Support
ADS Server Name
ADS/NT Realm
Administrator ID
Administrator
Password
***********
Confirm Password
•
The DNS server specified in the WAN configuration page should be able to
correctly resolve the ADS server name.
NOTE
•
•
The time zone setting between 1U4500 and ADS should be identical.
The system time difference between 1U4500 and ADS should be less than five
minutes.
•
The Administrator Password field is for the password of ADS (Active Directory
Server) not 1U4500.
System Management
The System menu gives you a wealth of settings that you can use to configure
your 1U4500’s system administration functions. You can set up system
notifications, view system logs, and even upgrade firmware from this menu.
System Notifications
From the System menu, choose the
Notification item, and the Notification
Configuration screen appears. This screen
lets you have the 1U4500 notify you in case
of any system malfunction. Press Apply to
confirm all settings. See following table for
a detailed description of each item.
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Notification Configuration
Item
Description
Beep Notification
Enable or disable the system beeper that beeps when a problem
occurs.
Email Notification
SMTP Server
Port
Enable or disable email notifications of system problems.
Specifies the hostname/IP address of the SMTP server.
Specifies the port to send outgoing notification emails.
Select the SMTP Server account authentication type.
Set the SMTP Server Email account ID.
Enter a new password.
Auth Type
SMTP Account ID
Account Password
Confirm Account
Password
Confirm a new password.
Receiver’s E-mail
Address
Add one or more recipient’s email addresses to receive email
notifications.
Test E-Mail
Click to send out a test e-mail to make sure the settings are
correct.
Consult with your mail server administrator for email server information.
NOTE
System Logs
From the System menu, choose the Logs
item and the System Logs screen appears.
This screen shows a history of system usage
and important events such as disk status,
network information, and system booting.
See the following table for a detailed
description of each item:
System Logs
Item
Description
Truncate All Log File
|<< < > >>|
Clear all log files.
Use the forward ( > >>| ) and backward ( |<< < ) buttons
to browse the log pages.
INFO
Provides all log information including warning messages and
error messages.
WARN
ERROR
Shows all warning messages and error messages.
Shows only error messages.
GO
Specify the number of lines per page and press Go.
Shows logs by date in ascending order.
Shows logs by date in descending order.
Export all logs to an external file.
Ascending
Descending
Download All Log File
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Time and Date Settings
From the System menu, choose the Time
item and the Time screen appears. Set the
desired Date, Time, and Time Zone. You
can also elect to synchronize the system
time on the 1U4500 with an NTP (Network
Time Protocol) Server. You can change
any of these items and press Apply to
confirm your settings.
See the following table for a detailed
description of each item:
Time
Item
Description
Date
Sets the system date.
Time
Sets the system time.
Time Zone
NTP Server
Sets the system time zone.
Select Yes to allow the 1U4500 to synchronize with the NTP
server shown below.
Select Manually to allow the 1U4500 to synchronize with an
NTP server of your choice.
Select No to not have the 1U4500 to synchronize with an NTP
server.
If an NTP server is selected, please make sure your 1U4500’s network has been
setup to access the NTP server.
WARNING
System Configuration Backup and Restore
From the System menu, choose the Config
Mgmt item and the System Configuration
Download/Upload screen appears. From
here, you can download or upload stored
system configurations. See the following
table for a detailed description of each item.
System Configuration Download/Upload
Item
Description
Download
Upload
Save and export the current system configuration.
Import a saved configuration file to overwrite current system
configuration.
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Backing up your system configuration is a great way to ensure that you can revert
to a working configuration when you are experimenting with new system settings.
NOTE
Reset to Factory Default Settings
From the System menu, choose the
Factory Default item and the Reset to
Factory Default screen appears. Press
Apply to reset the 1U4500 to factory
default settings. Press Cancel to go back to
the main menu.
Resetting to factory defaults will not erase the data stored in the hard disks, but
WILL revert all the settings to the factory default values.
WARNING
Upgrading System Firmware
From the System menu, choose the
Firmware Upgrade item and the
Firmware Upgrade screen appears.
Follow the steps below to upgrade your
firmware:
1. Use the Browse button to find the
firmware file.
2. Press Apply.
3. The beeper beeps and the Busy LED
blinks until the upgrade is complete.
•
•
•
The beeper only beeps if it is enabled in the System Notification menu.
Check Thecus website for the latest firmware release and release notes.
Downgrading firmware is not permitted.
NOTE
Do NOT turn off the system during the firmware upgrade process. This will lead to a
catastrophic result that may render the system inoperable.
WARNING
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Change Administrator Password
From the System menu, choose the
Administrator Password item and the
Change Administrator Password screen
appears. Enter a new password in the New
Password box and confirm your new
password in the Confirm Password box.
Press Apply to confirm password changes.
See the following table for a detailed
description of each item.
Change Administrator Password
Item
Description
New Password
Confirm Password
Apply
Type in a new administrator password.
Type the new password again to confirm.
Press this to save your changes.
Reboot and Shutdown System
From the System menu, choose Reboot &
Shutdown item, and the
Shutdown/Reboot System screen
appears. Press Reboot to restart the
system or Shutdown to turn the system off.
Logout
To logout of the Web Administration Interface, navigate to System > Logout.
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Chapter 5: Additional Feature Setup
Overview
The 1U4500 can also act as an FTP Server, allowing employees and clients to
transfer files using their favorite FTP programs. The integrated Print Server allows
you to share a single USB printer will all users on the network. The following
section shows you how.
FTP Server
1U4500 can act as a FTP server, enabling
users to download and upload files with their
favorite FTP programs. From the Network
menu, choose the FTP item, and the FTP
screen appears. You can change any of
these items and press Apply to confirm
your settings. A description of each item
follows:
FTP
Item
Description
FTP
Enable FTP Service on the 1U4500.
FTP ENCODE
If your FTP client or operating system does not support Unicode
(e.g. Windows® 95/98/ME or MAC OS9/8), select the same
encoding as your OS here in order to properly view the files and
directories on the server. Available options are BIG5, HZ,
GB2312, GB18030, ISO, EUC-JP, SHIFT-JIS and UTF-8.
To access the share folder on the 1U4500, use the appropriate user login and
password set up on the Users page (Accounts > Users). Access control to each
share folder is set up on the ACL page (Storage > Folder > ACL).
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Printer Server
You can configure the 1U4500 to act as a
printer server. That way, all PCs connected
to the network can utilize the same printer.
Windows XP SP2
To set up the Printer Server in Windows XP
SP2, follow the steps below:
1. Connect the USB printer to one of
the USB ports (preferably the rear
USB ports; front USB ports can be
used for external HDD enclosures).
2. Go to Start > Printers and Faxes.
3. Click on File > Add Printer.
4. The Add Printer Wizard appears on your screen. Click Next.
5. Select the “A network printer, or a printer attached to another
computer” option.
6. Select “Connect to a printer on the Internet or on a home or office
printer” into the URL field.
7. Your Windows system will ask you to install drivers for your printer. Select
correct driver for your printer.
8. Your Windows system will ask you if you want to set this printer as
“Default Printer”. Select Yes and all your print jobs will be submitted to
this printer by default. Click Next.
9. Click Finish.
•
•
Not all USB printers are supported. Please check Thecus website for a list of
supported printers.
Note that if a multi-function (all-in-one) printer is attached to the 1U4500,
usually only the printing and fax functions will work. Other features, such as
scanning, probably will not function.
NOTE
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Windows Vista
To set up the Printer Server in Windows Vista, follow the steps below:
1. Open Printer Folder from the Control Panel.
2. Click the right mouse button in anywhere on the Printers folder and then
select Add Printer.
3. Select Add a network, wireless or Bluetooth printer.
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4. Select The printer that I want isn’t listed.
You can press The printer that I want isn’t listed to go into next page
without waiting for Searching for available printers to finish.
5. Click Select a shared printer by name.
where <Thecus_NAS_IP>is the IP address of the 1U4500. Click Next.
6. Select or install a printer and then press OK.
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If your printer model is not listed, please contact your printer
manufacturer for help.
7. Windows will attempt to connect to the printer.
8. You can choose to set this printer as the default printer by checking the
Set as the default printer box. Click Next to continue.
9. Done! Click Finish.
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Chapter 6: Using the 1U4500
Overview
Once the U4500 is setup and operating, users on the network may manage all
varieties of digital music, photos, or files by simply using their web browsers. To
manage your personal files or access public files on the 1U4500, just enter its IP
you will be taken to the 1U4500 Login page.
Before proceeding, make sure that WebDisk Support or Secure WebDisk Support is
enabled in the Service Support screen in the system’s Network menu. See Service
Support in Chapter 6: System Management.
NOTE
Login Page
To login to the system, enter your user name and password, and click Login to
log into the system. You will be taken to the WebDisk interface.
Using WebDisk
The U4500 provides a WebDisk function that allows you to access the system
over the Internet from any browser.
1. In the Login page, type in the User ID and password that were previously
set for you in the Accounts menu. See Chapter 4: System Management
2. The WebDisk page appears showing folders made currently available to
you via the Access Control List (ACL).
3. Click on a folder name to enter the folder.
4. The folder’s page appears displaying files and folders. Click on a file to
download the file.
Folder Page
Item
Description
Name
Size
Type
Modified Date
Displays the names of folders and files.
Shows the size of folders and files.
Displays the type of folders and files.
Shows the time of most recent modification of folders and files.
5. Buttons on the folder page allow you to create a new folder, upload files
and delete files in the folder.
Folder Page Buttons
Button
Description
Up
New folder
Goes to the previous folder level.
Creates a new folder.
New file (upload)
Delete Selected Items
Uploads a file from your computer to the current folder.
Deletes selected files and folders.
6. To create a new folder within the current folder, press the New folder
button. When the screen appears enter a name for the folder. Press OK to
create the folder.
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7. To upload a file from your computer to the current folder, press the New
file (upload) button. When the screen appears, press Browse and locate
the file to upload. Press OK and the file is uploaded to the current folder.
8. To delete a file or folder, select the file or folder’s check box. Press the
Delete selected items button. You can also check the check box as the red
circle indicates to select all files and folders in this folder.
To access folders with access control, you must first login with a local user
account.
For more information on how to setup user rights to the folders, please check
Chapter 4: System Management > Folder Management > Folder Access
Mapping a Client PC to the 1U4500
You can map share folders on the 1U4500 so that you can access them as if they
were drives on your computer. You can connect to the shared network folders on
the 1U4500 as follows:
Windows
1. Go to the My Computer folder in Windows.
2. In the menu bar, select Tools and then Map Network Drive…
3. The Map Network Drive window appears.
4. Assign a drive letter for the share folder.
5. Click the Browse button to find the folder over your network. Alternatively,
you may enter the folder name you wish to connect to or enter its IP
address. (i.e. \\192.168.1.100\share)
6. Click Finish. When the Connect As… window appears, enter your user
name and password.
7. Click OK. The share folder appears as the drive you assigned. You can now
access this folder as though it were a drive on your computer.
Apple OS X
On an Apple computer, you can connect to shared computers and servers using a
network address.
1. Choose Go > Connect to Server…
2. Enter the network address for the server in the Server Address text box.
When connecting using SMB/CIFS protocol, type:
smb://192.168.1.100/Folder1
When connecting using AFP protocol, type:
afp://192.168.1.100/Folder1
Click Connect.
3. When MAC OS X is trying to connect 1U4500, it will ask for a User Name
and Password which has access to the folder.
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4. When MAC OS X has connected to the 1U4500 successfully, an icon
representing the folder will appear on the MAC OS X desktop. You can
access the folder by double clicking on the icon.
File Backup
There are a number of ways to back up data with the 1U4500.
Nsync
You can backup a share folder to another 1U4500 (Nsync Target) or any FTP
server for safe keeping as long as you have appropriate access right on that
target. When using Nsync between two 1U4500s, you have the option to transmit
files securely between two 1U4500s.
If the files on your 1U4500 are lost for any reason, you can restore those files
from the target 1U4500. To backup files regularly, you can set up a scheduled
task to run only once, daily, weekly, or monthly. You can also limit the bandwidth
of your Nsync tasks, so other users on the network can share the bandwidth
equally.
Nsync
Item
Description
Task
The name of your Nsync task.
Server
The IP address of your target server
The share folder you would want to backup.
The time when the last Nsync task was executed.
The status of your last Nsync task.
Administrator can run or stop an Nsync task by pressing the
Action button.
Share folder
Last Time
Last Status
Action
Add
Click to add a Nsync task
Modify
Delete
Click to modify an Nsync task.
Click to delete an Nsync task. Backup files on Nsync target is
also deleted.
Restore
Bandwidth Setting
Restore share folder from an Nsync target.
Bandwidth control on Nsync tasks.
Adding an Nsync Task
From the Storage menu, click Nsync and the Nsync Information screen
appears. Click Add to display the Add Nsync Task screen.
Add Nsync Task
Item
Description
Task Name
Manufacturer
The name of your Nsync task.
Select whether the target is a Thecus Product (e.g. 1U4500) or
FTP server.
Target Server IP
Address
The IP address of your target server.
Source Folder
Nsync Task Name
Authorized Username
on Target Server
Password on Target
Server
The share folder you want to backup.
The name of your Nsync task.
The account name on the target server.
The password for the username on the target server.
Test Connection
Schedule
Click to check the connection to the Target Server.
Schedule backup of your share folders.
Time
The time when the Nsync task will run.
Type
Select whether to run the Nsync task daily, weekly, or monthly.
Daily: input the time of day to execute Nsync task.
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Weekly: input which day of the week to execute the task.
Monthly: decide which day of the month to execute the task.
Click to submit the task.
Apply
Before starting an Nsync Task, make sure the target server’s Nsync Server (or FTP
Server) is enabled.
NOTE
Setting Up an Nsync Target on an Nsync Device
On the Nsync target server, the administrator of that server has to set up a user
account with a folder named “nsync” and grant write access.
1. On the Nsync server, add a user for Nsync source (ex. nsyncsource1). For
instructions on how to add a user on the 1U4500, see Chapter 4: System
Management > User and Groups Management > Local User
2. On the Nsync server, grant that user (ex. nsyncsource1) write access to
the nsync folder. For instructions on how to set up a folder’s ACL, see
Chapter 4: System Management > Folder Management > Folder
3. Once this is done, the target server will start accepting Nsync tasks from
server using that ID and password.
Setting Up an Nsync Target on Another Device
If you selected “Other Device” when setting up your Nsync task, the 1U4500 will
use the FTP protocol to back up the share folder. On the external storage device,
make sure there is a folder named “nsync”, and the Auth ID has writable
permission in that folder.
Designating 1U4500 as an Nsync Target
The 1U4500 can act as an Nsync server, enabling another Nsync-equipped Thecus
NAS at a remote location backup their files to this 1U4500. From the Network
menu, choose the Nsync Target item, and the Nsync Target Server Setting
screen appears.
Nsync Target Server Setting
Item
Description
Nsync Target Server
Enable or Disable Nsync Target support.
To enable Nsync task to go thru firewall, you have to open port TCP/1194 on your
firewall in both directions.
NOTE
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Thecus Backup Utility
The Thecus Backup Utility is on your Installation CD. When you click on the CD,
the Backup Utility will be installed under Program Groups > Thecus > Thecus
Backup Utility. If it is not installed, you can copy the file (Thecus Backup
Utility.exe) to a convenient location on your hard disk and double click to
execute it.
If you can not find Thecus Backup Utility on your CD, please download it from the
Thecus website (http://www.thecus.com).
NOTE
When you execute this utility for the first time, it will ask you whether to create a
DB file. Click Yes.
1. Click Add to create a Backup task. The Add New Task dialog box appears.
Add New Task
Item
Description
Task
Specifies a name for the current task.
Source
Incremental
Click to specify the source folder/file location.
Click to specify whether the backup will be incremental.
If unchecked, the backup will be a full backup.
Click to specify the destination folder/file location.
Files with these file name extensions will be skipped and not
back up to the destination.
Destination
Excluded extensions
Comments
If you wish, enter comments here for your records.
2. To schedule the task to run at regular intervals, click on the Schedule
icon for that task. You can schedule the task to run Monthly or Weekly.
3. To check the log for that task, click on the Log icon for that task.
Thecus Backup Utility also supports MAC OS X. Just copy the Thecus Backup
Utility.dmg to your MAC OS X machine and double click to execute it.
NOTE
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Windows XP Data Backup
If you use Windows XP Professional, you can also use the Windows Backup Utility
(Ntbackup.exe) to backup your files.
If you use Windows XP Home Edition, follow these steps to install the utility:
1. Insert the Windows XP CD into a drive and double-click the CD icon in My
Computer.
2. When the Welcome to Microsoft Windows XP screen appears, click
Perform Additional Tasks.
3. Click Browse this CD.
4. In Windows Explorer, navigate to ValueAdd > Msft > Ntbackup.
5. Double-click Ntbackup.msi to install the backup utility.
Once installed, you can use the Windows Backup Utility by following the steps
below:
1. Click Start, and point to All Programs > Accessories > System Tools
> Backup to start the wizard.
2. Click Next to skip past the opening page. Choose Backup files and
settings from the second page, and then click Next.
3. Select which option you want to back up.
4. Click Next and in the Backup Type, Destination, and Name page, specify a
back up location using the Browse button.
5. Find and select the drive that specifies your 1U4500 as your backup
destination and click Next.
6. Click Next to display the wizard’s final page and click Finish to start
backing up.
Apple OS X Backup Utilities
Mac OS X does not include any backup software. However, there are a number of
SilverKeeper, and Apple's dotMac Backup utility to name just a few. To find even
more freeware and shareware backup utilities to choose from, go to
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Chapter 7: Tips and Tricks
USB and eSATA Storage Expansion
The 1U4500 supports external USB hard disks through its three USB ports. Once
a USB hard disk has successfully mounted, the entire volume will be copied
automatically to the default USB HDD folder. The 1U4500 supports up to 6 USB
external storage devices. All file names on the USB disk volume are case sensitive.
The 1U4500 also supports eSATA hard disks with its eSATA port.
Before attaching an eSATA or USB disk drive to 1U4500, you have to partition
and format it on a desktop computer or a notebook first. The attached device will
be located at \\192.168.1.100\usbhdd\sdf1where 192.168.1.100means the
IP address of 1U4500 and sdf1stands for the first partition on disk #6, the
eSATA or USB disk drive. If it is an NTFS partition, NAS users can open or copy
files from \\192.168.1.100\usbhdd\sdf1but cannot add new files or modify
existing files.
If you want to write to an USB storage device, the file system must be FAT32.
NOTE
USB Storage
Read
Write
FAT32 Partition
NTFS Partition
OK
OK
OK
-
Adding a Spare Disk
With a RAID 5 array, you can add a spare disk after the initial RAID is setup. To
add a spare disk, follow the steps below:
1. On the RAID Configuration Screen, tick the checkbox of the hard disk
you wish to designate as a spare disk.
2. Click Add Spare. The system automatically rebuilds.
Target USB
1U4500 can operate in dual mode. When connecting to a regular USB disk or
thumb drive, 1U4500 is acting as USB host. When connecting to a PC thru its USB
Type B connector on the back panel, 1U4500 can act as a USB Mass Storage
device. This feature allows the user to transfer files without using a network
connection.
When you create RAID, you can assign a portion of space on the RAID to be used
as USB disk. When connecting 1U4500 to a PC using the supplied USB A to B
cable, the PC will recognize this space as an unformatted disk. At this point, the
PC can format this portion of disk and create file system on it. Since this disk is
created on the RAID, it will be protected by the RAID level you select.
When RAID is removed or damaged, all the data on the Target USB device will be
deleted.
WARNING
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Remote Administration
You can set up your 1U4500 for remote administration. With remote
administration, you can access your 1U4500 over the Internet, even if your
1U4500 is behind a router. This is especially useful if you are traveling and
suddenly need a file from your 1U4500.
Setting up remote administration is a three-part process, and will require the
following equipment:
• Thecus 1U4500 NAS device
• Cable/DSL Router with Dynamic DNS support
• Home PC
• Internet Connection
Router setup will differ slightly depending on router used. For this example, we will
use the Asus WL500g because it has support for Dynamic DNS. Contact your router
hardware vendor for setup help.
NOTE
Part I - Setup a DynDNS Account
2. Click on the Sign Up Now link.
3. Check the Check boxes, select a user name (i.e.: 1U4500), enter your
create a password (i.e.: xxxx).
5. Open the email and click on the link to activate your account
Part II - Enable DDNS on the Router
1. Go to the router setup screen and select IP Config > Miscellaneous
DDNS Setting from your Home PC.
2. Click on Yes for Enable the DDNS Client?
4. Go to router setup screen, and enter the following information:
b. Password or DDNS Key: xxxx
d. Enable wildcard? Select Yes
e. Update Manually: Click Update
Part III - Setting up Virtual Servers (HTTPS)
1. Navigate to NAT Setting > Virtual Server.
2. For Enable Virtual Server?, select Yes
3. Setup the HTTPS Server
a. Well-Known Applications: Select User Defined
b. Local IP: Enter 192.168.1.100
c. Port Range: 443(the default HTTPS port setting on the 1U4500)
d. Protocol: select TCP
e. Click Add.
f. Click Apply.
4. Test the HTTPS connection from another computer on the Internet
a. From a remote computer, open your browser and enter
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b. You should see the login page of 1U4500.
Firewall Software Configuration
If you are using a software firewall (i.e. Norton Internet Security) and are having
trouble connecting to the 1U4500, you can try the following steps:
1. Double click the NIS icon on system tray, and then configure the
Personal Firewall.
2. On the Programs page, find the SetupWizard.exe and change its
permission to "Permit All". If it's not in the program list, use the Add or
Program Scan buttons to find it.
3. On the Networking page, manually add 1U4500 IP address (i.e.
192.168.1.100) to the Trusted list.
Replacing Damaged Hard Drives
If you are using RAID 1, RAID 5, RAID 6, or RAID 10, you can easily replace a
damaged hard drive in the Thecus 1U4500 while keeping your data secure with
the system’s automatic data recovery.
Hard Drive Damage
When a hard drive is damaged, its bottom LED glows a steady red. If there is
data in the RAID volume, the system LED also glows red and the system beeps.
Replacing a Hard Drive
To replace a hard disk drive in the 1U4500:
1. Remove the tray with the damaged hard disk.
2. Unscrew the damaged hard disk and remove it from the tray.
3. Slide a new hard disk into the tray and fasten the screws.
4. Insert the hard disk tray back into the 1U4500 until it snaps into place.
You can also lock it with a key if desired.
5. The LED blinks green when the HDD is accessed. If the Error LED flashes
red, it signals a problem.
RAID Auto-Rebuild
When using RAID 1, 5, 6, or 10 on the 1U4500, you can use the auto-rebuild
function when an error is detected.
1. When a hard disk fails the system beeps and/or an email notification is
sent to specified receivers.
2. Check the hard disk error LEDs to see which disk has failed.
3. Follow the steps mentioned above to replace the failed hard disk.
4. The system automatically recognizes the new hard disk and starts the
auto-rebuild sequence to resume its status before the hard disk crash.
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Replacing a Failed Power Supply (1U4500R)
The 1U4500R is equipped with a 250W redundant power supply. If one of the
power supply units fails, the other can continue powering the unit for
uninterrupted service. Each power supply is equipped with an LED light that is lit
when that power supply is operational. To replace a failed power supply, follow
the steps below:
1. When a power supply fails, an alarm will sound and/or an email
notification is sent to specified receivers.
2. Check the power supply LEDs to see which one has failed.
3. Disconnect the power cable.
4. Remove the mounting screw and slide out the failed power supply.
5. Install a working power supply unit and replace the screw.
6. Plug in the power cable.
7. The system automatically recognizes the power supply and will turn off the
alarm. Check to see if the LED on the new power supply is lit.
To turn of the alarm at any time, simply press the Alarm Reset button at the back
of the 1U4500R.
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Chapter 8: Troubleshooting
Forgot My Password
If you forget your password, you can reset the unit to use the default password.
To do this, press the reset button on the front panel after system is booted, and
1U4500 will be reset. LAN IP address will become 192.168.1.100and admin
password will be admin.
Forgot My Network IP Address
If you forget your network IP address and have no physical access to the system,
you can find out the IP address by either looking directly onto the 1U4500’s LCD
panel, or by using the setup wizard to retrieve the IP of your 1U4500.
1. Start the Setup Wizard, and it will automatically detect all Thecus IP
storage products on your network.
2. You should be able to find the IP address of the 1U4500 which you have
forgotten in the Device Discovery screen.
Resetting NAS IP Address and Admin Password
In case you changed the 1U4500 IP address and then forgot it, or forgot the
administration password, follow the steps below to reset to default settings:
1. Power on the 1U4500 and immediately press the Reset button for 10
seconds. (The reset button is near the LAN connector)
2. This resets the 1U4500 to its default IP address and password settings.
For firmware v2.0.00 and later, Jumbo Frame support will also be disabled.
Default IP: 192.168.1.100for LAN1 and 192.168.2.100for LAN2
Default admin password: admin
Jumbo Frame support: disabled
Can't Map a Network Drive in Windows XP
You may have problems mapping a network drive under the following conditions:
1. The network folder is currently mapped using a different user name and
password. To connect using a different user name and password, first
disconnect any existing mappings to this network share.
2. The mapped network drive could not be created because the following
error has occurred: Multiple connections to a server or shared
resource by the same user, using more than one user name, are
not allowed. Disconnect all previous connections to the server or shared
resource and try again.
To check out existing network connections, type net useunder the DOS prompt.
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Restoring Factory Defaults
From the System menu, choose the Factory Default item and the Reset to
Factory Default screen appears. Press Apply to reset the 1U4500 to factory
default settings.
Resetting to factory defaults will not erase the data stored in the hard disks, but
WILL revert all the settings to the factory default values.
WARNING
Problems with Time and Date Settings
The administrator is able to select an NTP Server to keep the 1U4500’s time
synchronized. However, if the 1U4500 can not access the Internet, you may
encounter a problem when setting the Time and Time Zone. If this happens:
1. Login to the Web Administration Interface.
2. Navigate to System > Time.
3. Under NTP Server, select No.
4. Set the Date, Time, and Time Zone.
5. Click Apply.
In addition, if the 1U4500 is able to access the Internet and you want to keep the
NTP Server clock.isc.org by default, please make sure the DNS Server is correctly,
thereby allowing the NTP Server name to correctly resolve. (See Network > LAN
1 > DNS Server)
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Appendix A: Product Specifications
Hardware Specifications
Product Model
Core Processors / Memory
Processor
1U4500R
1U4500S
Intel® Celeron™ M 1.5GHz
512MB standard
Memory
Network Interfaces
LAN 1
LAN 2
Gigabit RJ-45 connector
Gigabit RJ-45 connector
Storage
HDD Bays
HDD Support
eSATA
4 x 3.5” SATA II HDD, hot-swappable
SATA II HDDs up to 750GB
1 x eSATA connector for capacity expansion
I/O Interfaces
USB Ports
3 x USB type A ports (Host mode)
1 x USB type B ports (Client mode)
System Information
LCD Control Panel
System LED Display
Physical
For basic configurations and status display
4 x LED (System Busy, Power, Network Activity x 2)
Form Factor
Height
1U rackmount
44.0 mm
Width
Depth
430.5 mm
567.6 mm
Power Supply
250W redundant power
supply
200W power supply
100~240V AC, 50/60Hz
100~240V AC, 50/60Hz
Environment
Temperature
Humidity
0 ~ 40°C
20 ~ 85% relative humidity (non-condensing)
CE, FCC, BSMI, C-Tick, RoHS Compliant
Certifications
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Software Specifications
Network File Protocols
Microsoft Networks (CIFS/SMB)
Apple Filing Protocol (AFP 3)
Network File System (NFS v3)
File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
WebDisk via HTTP/HTTPs
Local User Account
Authentication
Microsoft NT Domain
Microsoft Active Directory Authentication (AD)*
Microsoft Windows NT/2000/XP/2003
Unix/Linux/BSD
MAC OS X/9/8.6
Fixed IP address
Network Client Type
Network Configuration
Dynamic IP address
802.3ad based failover and link aggregation
Disk status monitoring (S.M.A.R.T.)
RAID 0, 1, 5, 6, 10, and JBOD
Auto rebuild
Disk Management
RAID
Hot swappable
Hot spare
Disk roaming
RAID level migration
RAID expansion
Folder Management
Share folder level permission
File level permission
Public folder
Quota Management
Backup
Share folder quota control
Thecus Backup Utility for Windows XP/2000 and
MAC OS X
Thecus Nsync file-based remote back up service
System Management
Web GUI
Multilingual support (English, French, German,
Italian, Traditional Chinese, Simplified Chinese,
Japanese, Korean, and Spanish)
NTP support
Event Notification
UPS Support
Email notification
Buzzer notification
UPS monitoring via RS-232 and system shutdown
on low battery
Printer Server
USB Printer (IPP support)
Supported USB Devices
USB Priniter
External HDD/flash disk
Windows 2000/XP/2003
MAC OS X
Setup Utility
*PDC/AD support: Works as a client member in a Microsoft NT 4.0 domain/Active
Directory domain, allowing the 1U4500 to utilize the domain users and groups
setting for authentication to the system and authorization to the share folders.
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Appendix B: Customer Support
If your 1U4500 is not working properly, we encourage you to check out Chapter
7: Troubleshooting, located in this manual. You can also try to ensure that you
are using the latest firmware version for your 1U4500. Thecus is committed to
providing free firmware upgrades to our customers. Our newest firmware is
available on our Download Center:
If you are still experiencing problems with your 1U4500, or require a Return
Merchandise Authorization (RMA), feel free to contact technical support via our
Technical Support Website:
Customers in the US should send all technical support enquiries to this email
address:
For Sales Information you can e-mail us at:
Thank you for choosing
Thecus!
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Appendix C: RAID Basics
Overview
A Redundant Array of Independent Disks (RAID) is an array of several hard disks
that provide data security and high performance. A RAID system accesses several
hard disks simultaneously, which improves I/O performance over a single hard
disk. Data security is enhanced by a RAID, since data loss due to a hard disk
failure is minimized by regenerating redundant data from the other RAID hard
disks.
Benefits
RAID improves I/O performance, and increases data security through fault
tolerance and redundant data storage.
Improved Performance
RAID provides access to several hard disk drives simultaneously, which greatly
increases I/O performance.
Data Security
Hard disk drive failure unfortunately is a common occurrence. A RAID helps
prevent against the loss of data due to hard disk failure. A RAID offers additional
hard disk drives that can avert data loss from a hard disk drive failure. If a hard
drive fails, the RAID volume can regenerate data from the data and parity stored
on its other hard disk drives.
RAID Levels
The Thecus 1U4500 supports standard RAID levels 0, 1, 5, 6, 10, and JBOD. You
choose a RAID level when you create a system volume. The factors for selecting a
RAID level are:
•
•
•
Your requirements for performance
Your need for data security
Number of hard disk drives in the system, capacity of hard disk drives in
the system
The following is a description of each RAID level:
RAID 0
RAID 0 is best suited for applications that need high bandwidth but do not require
a high level of data security. The RAID 0 level provides the best performance of
all the RAID levels, but it does not provide data redundancy.
RAID 0 uses disk striping and breaking up data into blocks to write across all hard
drives in the volume. The system can then use multiple hard drives for faster
read and write. The stripe size parameter that was set when the RAID was
created determines the size of each block. No parity calculations complicate the
write operation.
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RAID 1
RAID 1 mirrors all data from one hard disk drive to a second one hard disk drive,
thus providing complete data redundancy. However, the cost of data storage
capacity is doubled.
This is excellent for complete data security.
RAID 5
RAID 5 offers data security and good performance. It is best suited for networks
that perform many small I/O transactions at the same time, as well as
applications that require data security such as office automation and online
customer service. Use it also for applications with high read requests but low
write requests.
RAID 5 includes disk striping at the byte level and parity information is written to
several hard disk drives. If a hard disk fails the system uses parity stored on each
of the other hard disks to recreate all missing information.
RAID 6
RAID 6 is essentially an extension of RAID level 5 which allows for additional fault
tolerance by using a second independent distributed parity scheme (dual parity)
Data is striped on a block level across a set of drives, just like in RAID 5, and a
second set of parity is calculated and written across all the drives; RAID 6
provides for an extremely high data fault tolerance and can sustain two
simultaneous drive failures.
This is a perfect solution for mission critical applications.
RAID 10
RAID 10 is implemented as a striped array whose segments are RAID 1 arrays.
RAID 10 has the same fault tolerance as RAID level 1.
RAID 10 has the same overhead for fault-tolerance as mirroring alone. High I/O
rates are achieved by striping RAID 1 segments.
Under certain circumstances, RAID 10 array can sustain multiple simultaneous
drive failures
Excellent solution for applications that would have otherwise gone with RAID 1
but need an additional performance boost.
JBOD
Although a concatenation of disks (also called JBOD, or "Just a Bunch of Disks") is
not one of the numbered RAID levels, it is a popular method for combining
multiple physical disk drives into a single virtual one. As the name implies, disks
are merely concatenated together, end to beginning, so they appear to be a
single large disk.
As the data on JBOD is not protected, one drive failure could result total data loss.
Stripe Size
The length of the data segments being written across multiple hard disks. Data is
written in stripes across the multiple hard disks of a RAID. Since multiple disks
are accessed at the same time, disk striping enhances performance. The stripes
can vary in size.
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Disk Usage
When all 5 disks are of the same size, and used in RAID, 1U4500 disk usage
percentage is listed below:
RAID Level
RAID 0
RAID 1
RAID 5
RAID 6
RAID 10
JBOD
Percentage Used
100%
20%
80%
60%
50%
100%
RAID 10 allows only 4 disks and one as spare disk.
NOTE
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Appendix D: Active Directory Basics
Overview
With Windows 2000, Microsoft introduced Active Directory (ADS), which is a large
database/information store. Prior to Active Directory the Windows OS could not
store additional information in its domain database. Active Directory also solved
the problem of locating resources; which previously relied on Network
Neighborhood, and was slow. Managing users and groups were among other
issues Active Directory solved.
What is Active Directory?
Active Directory was built as a scalable, extensible directory service that was
designed to meet corporate needs. A repository for storing user information,
accounts, passwords, printers, computers, network information and other data,
Microsoft calls Active Directory a "namespace" where names can be resolved.
ADS Benefits
ADS lets the 1U4500 integrate itself with the existing ADS in an office
environment. This means the 1U4500 is able to recognize your office users and
passwords on the ADS server. Other major benefits ADS support provides include:
1. Easy integration of the 1U4500 into the existing office IT infrastructure
The 1U4500 acts as a member of the ADS. This feature significantly lowers
the overhead of the system administrator. For example, corporate security
policies and user privileges on an ADS server can be enforced
automatically on the 1U4500.
2. Centralized user/password database
The 1U4500 does not maintain its own copy of the user/password
database. This avoids data inconsistency between the 1U4500 and other
servers. For example, without ADS support, an administrator might need
to remove a specific user privilege on the 1U4500 and each individual
server. With ADS support, the change on an ADS server is known to all of
its ADS members.
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Appendix E: Licensing Information
Overview
This product included copyrighted third-party software licensed under the terms
of GNU General Public License. Please see THE GNU General Public License for
extra terms and conditions of this license.
Source Code Availability
Thecus Technology Corp. has exposed the full source code of the GPL licensed
software. For more information on how you can obtain our source code, please
Copyrights
• This product includes cryptographic software written by Eric Young
• This product includes software developed by Mark Murray.
• This product includes software developed by Eric Young
• This product includes software developed by the OpenSSL Project for use in
• This product includes software developed by the University of California,
Berkeley and its contributors.
• This product includes software developed by Winning Strategies, Inc.
• This product includes software developed by the Apache Group for use in
• This product includes software developed by Softweyr LLC, the University
of California, Berkeley, and its contributors.
• This product includes software developed by Bodo Moeller.
• This product includes software developed by Greg Roelofs and contributors
for the book, "PNG: The Definitive Guide," published by O'Reilly and
Associates.
• This product includes software developed by the NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
and its contributors.
• This product includes software developed by Yen Yen Lim and North Dakota
State University.
• This product includes software developed by the Computer Systems
Engineering Group at Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory.
• This product includes software developed by the Kungliga Tekniska
Högskolan and its contributors.
• This product includes software developed by the Nick Simicich.
• This product includes software developed by Christopher G. Demetriou for
the NetBSD Project.
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CGIC License Terms
Basic License
CGIC, copyright 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004 by
Thomas Boutell and Boutell.Com, Inc.
Permission is granted to use CGIC in any application, commercial or
noncommercial, at no cost. HOWEVER, this copyright paragraph must appear on
a "credits" page accessible in the public online and offline documentation of the
program. Modified versions of the CGIC library should not be distributed without
the attachment of a clear statement regarding the author of the modifications,
and this notice may in no case be removed. Modifications may also be submitted
to the author for inclusion in the main CGIC distribution.
GNU General Public License
Version 2, June 1991
Copyright © 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this license
document, but changing it is not allowed.
PREAMBLE
The licenses for most software are designed to take away your freedom to share
and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public License is intended to
guarantee your freedom to share and change free software--to make sure the
software is free for all its users. This General Public License applies to most of
the Free Software
Foundation's software and to any other program whose authors commit to using
it. (Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by the GNU Library
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When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not price. Our
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To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid anyone to deny
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modify it.
For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether gratis or for a
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We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software, and (2) offer
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Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make certain that
everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free software. If the
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Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software patents. We wish
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The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and modification follow.
TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION
0. This License applies to any program or other work which contains a notice
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Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not covered by
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Whether that is true depends on what the Program does.
1. You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's source code as
you receive it, in any medium, provided that you conspicuously and
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disclaimer of warranty; keep intact all the notices that refer to this License
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Program a copy of this License along with the Program.
You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and you may
at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a fee.
2. You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion of it, thus
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a) You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices stating that
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b) You must cause any work that you distribute or publish, that in whole or in
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c) If the modified program normally reads commands interactively when run,
you must cause it, when started running for such interactive use in the
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appropriate copyright notice and a notice that there is no warranty (or else,
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not required to print an announcement.)
These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole. If identifiable
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this License, and its terms, do not apply to those sections when you distribute
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of a whole which is a work based on the Program, the distribution of the whole
must be on the terms of this License, whose permissions for other licensees
extend to the entire whole, and thus to each and every part regardless of who
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Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest your rights to
work written entirely by you; rather, the intent is to exercise the right to
control the distribution of derivative or collective works based on the Program.
In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the Program with
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3. You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based on it, under
Section 2) in object code or executable form under the terms of Sections 1
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If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under any
particular circumstance, the balance of the section is intended to apply and
the section as a whole is intended to apply in other circumstances.
It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any patents or
other property right claims or to contest validity of any such claims; this
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This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to be a
consequence of the rest of this License.
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either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the original copyright holder
who places the Program under this License may add an explicit geographical
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License incorporates the limitation as if written in the body of this License.
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NO WARRANTY
11.BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO
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LAW. EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT
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OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED
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