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5.1.4 Site Survey……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..67
5.2 Access Control List…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………68
5.2.1 IP Filter Setup…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………68
5.2.2 MAC Filter Setup…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….70
5.3 Resource Sharing……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………71
5.3.1 DMZ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….71
5.3.2 Virtual Server (Port Forwarding)…………………………………………………………………………………………….72
5.4 System Status…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………74
5.4.1 System Overview……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………74
5.4.2 DHCP Clients………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….78
6. Command Line Interface(CLI)………………………………………………………………………………………………………………79
6.1 Accessing the CLI with Telnet…………………………………………………………………………………………………………79
6.2 Accessing the CLI with SSH Utility…………………………………………………………………………………………………..80
6.3 Using the CLI………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….81
Appendix A. WEB GUI Valid Characters………………………………………………………………………………………………….85
Appendix B. Network manager Privileges………………………………………………………………………………………………89
Appendix C. Enabling UPnP in Windows XP……………………………………………………………………………………………90
Limited Warranty…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….92
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Chapter 1. System Overview
1.1 Introduction of TEW-455APBO
The 802.11 b/g compliant TEW-455APDO is an outdoor wireless device that can be used for five different
purposes in three different modes. In the AP mode, it can be deployed either as traditional fixed wireless
Access Point (AP), or combination of AP and WDS(AP+WDS). In the WDS mode, it’s only used to expand or
bridge Ethernet networks and deployed as a main base, relay based or remote base station. In the CPE mode,
it connects to Wireless Internet Service Provider’s (WISP) outdoor network via wireless WAN gateway to
access to Internet.
The die-cast sealed TEW-455APDO is compact in size and compliant with IP66/IP67 weatherproof standard. It
comes with a mounting kit to mount on pole or wall. It is suitable for both indoor and outdoor usage with its
adjustable output power.
1. Access Point : It can be deployed as a traditional fixed wireless Access Point
2. Repeater: To expand wireless service by repeating prior AP
3. WDS : It can be used to expand Ethernet network via wireless WDS Link
4. AP+WDS: Not only to extend Ethernet network, but also provide wireless access to the expanded
network
5. CPE (Customer Premises Equipment): It is a wireless gateway with NAT and DHCP Server functions to
connects to Wireless Internet Service Provider's (WISP)
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1.2 System Concept
The TEW-455APDO is not only designed and used as traditional outdoor AP, but also with rich features tailored
for WISP applications. The two-level management capability and access control ease WISP and owners to
maintain and manage wireless network in a more controllable fashion. Main applications are listed as follows
with illustration:
Wireless CPE for Multi Dwelling Unit/Multi Tenant Unit (MDU/MTU) complexes including apartments,
dormitories, and office complexes.
Outdoor Access Point for school campuses, enterprise campuses, or manufacture plants.
Indoor Access Point for hotels, factories, or warehouses where industrial grade devices are preferred.
Public hotspot operation for café, parks, convention centers, shopping malls, or airports.
Wireless coverage for indoor and outdoor grounds in private resorts, home yards, or golf course
communities.
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1.3 Applications in Wireless Network
TEW455APBO is a multiple mode system which can be configured either as a wireless gateway or an access
point as desired. It also can be used WDS link for Ethernet network expansion. This section depicts different
applications on AP Mode, WDS Mode, and CPE Mode.
Configuration in AP Mode (including Access Point + WDS)
An access point can be either a main, relay or remote base station. A main base station is typically
connected to a wired network via the Ethernet port. A relay base station relays data between main base
stations and relay stations or remote base stations with clients. A remote base station is the end point to
accept connections from wireless clients and pass data upwards to a network wirelessly.
Example 1 : Access Point without WDS
It can be deployed as a tradition fixed wireless Access Point
Example 2 : Access Point with WDS
It can be deployed as a tradition fixed wireless Access Point and provides WDS link to expand
network
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Configuration in WDS Mode (Pure WDS)
An access point can be either a main, relay or remote base station. A main base station is typically
connected to a wired network via the Ethernet port. A relay base station relays data between main base
stations and relay stations or remote base stations with clients. A remote base station is the end point to
accept connections from wireless clients and pass data upwards to a network wirelessly. In this mode, it
can support single or multiple WDS links and no wireless clients can associate with it though.
Example 1 : Point-to-Point
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Example 2 : Point-to-Multi-Point
Example 3 : Multi-Point Repeating bridge
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Configuration in CPE Mode
It can be used as an Outdoor Customer Premises Equipment (CPE) to receive wireless signal over last mile
application, helping WISPs deliver wireless broadband Internet service to residents and business
customers. In the CPE mode, TEW-455APBO is a gateway enabled with NAT and DHCP Server functions.
The wired clients connected to TEW-455APBO are in different subnet from those connected to Main Base
Station, and, in CPE mode, it does not accept wireless association from wireless clients.
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1.4 Product Benefit
High Adjustable Output Power up to 27dBm (FCC version)/6dBm (EU version)
Topology : Point to Point ; Point to Multi Point
Operation Modes :
Access Point Mode : Pure Access Point Function and Access Point /Bridge(WDS) Function
WDS Mode
CPE Mode (Router Client )
Security with WEP, WPA/WPA2-PSK, and WPA/WPA2-RADIUS
Over load current protection
Integrated Power over Ethernet (PoE)
8 Multiple B-SSID capability
Business-class security and central management
IP66/IP67 Weather-Proof Housing
VLAN tag over WDS
Client Isolation through Layer 2 VLAN technology
TEW-455APBO is the point of connection to Wireless Outdoor Network for service provider deploying last mile
services to business or residential broadband subscribers.. Network administrators can create multiple
subscriber service tier using per-subscriber rate limiting features, and manage centrally. TEW-455APBO
outdoor bridge utilizes adjustable output Tx Power to connect to the Wi-Fi mesh or WDS infrastructure and
provides the subscriber with an Ethernet connection for a local access.
TEW-455APBO supports three operational modes, the AP mode, the WDS mode and the CPE mode,
respectively with built-in remote management features.
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1.5 Specification
Wireless Architecture Mode
AP Mode
Pure AP Mode
It can be deployed as a tradition fixed wireless Access Point
It allow wireless clients or Stations(STA) to access
AP/WDS Mode
This enables the wireless interconnection of Access Point in an IEEE802.11 network .and
accept wireless clients at the same time
WDS Mode
This enables the wireless interconnection of Access Point in an IEEE802.11 network.
It allows a wireless network to be expanded using multiple access point without the need for a
wired backbone to link them.
It can’t allow wireless clients or Stations (STA) to associate.
CPE Mode
Wi-Fi connection as WAN , in CPE mode , the device run as DHCP server to assign IP address to
clients out of a private IP address pool behind a NAT
Networking
Support Static IP, Dynamic IP(DHCP Client) and PPPoE on Wi-Fi WAN Connection
Support PPTP/L2TP/IP Sec Pass Through
PPPoE Reconnect – Always On , On demand, Manual
MAC Cloning
DHCP Server
802.3 Bridging
Masquerading (NAT)
Proxy DNS
Dynamic DNS
NTP Client
Virtual DMZ
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Virtual Server (IP / Port Forwarding)
Support MAC Filter (max 20 entries)
Support IP Filter (max 20 entries)
Bandwidth traffic Shaping
Wireless Feature
Transmission power control : 9 Levels (max 27dBm for FCC, 6dBm for CE)
Channel selection : Manual or Auto
No of associated clients per AP : 32
Setting for max no associated clients : Yes
No. of ESSID (Virtual AP) : 8
No. of Max. WDS setting : 8
Preamble setting : Short/ Long
Setting for 802.11b/g mix, 802.11b only or 802.11g only
Setting for transmission speed
Dynamic Wireless re-transmission
IEEE802.11f IAPP (Inter Access Point Protocol), hand over users to another AP
IEEE 802.11i Preauth (PMKSA Cache )
IEEE 802.11h -Transmission Power Control
IEEE 802.11d -Multi country roaming
Authentication/ Encryption (Wireless Security)
Layer 2 User Isolation
Blocks client to client discovery within a specified VLAN
WEP 64/ 128/ 152 Bits
EAP-TLS + Dynamic WEP
EAP-TTLS + Dynamic WEP
PEAP/ MS-PEAP + Dynamic WEP
WPA (PSK +TKIP)
WPA (802.1x certification + TKIP)
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802.11i WPA2 (PSK + CCMP/ AES)
802.11i WPA2 (802.1x certification + CCMP/ AES)
Setting for TKIP/ CCMP/ AES key’s refreshing period
Hidden ESSID support
Setting for “ Deny ANY “ connection request
MAC Address filtering (MAC ACL)
No. of registered RADIUS servers : 2
VLAN assignment on BSSID
Support VLAN tag over WDS
Quality of Service
DiffServ/ TOS
IEEE802.1p/ COS
IEEE 802.1Q Tag VLAN priority control
IEEE802.11e WMM
System Administration
Intuitive Web Management Interface
Password Protected Access
Firmware upgrade via Web
Reset to Factory Defaults
Profiles Configuration Backup and Restore
Remote Link Test
Full Statistics and Status Reporting
SNMP Traps to a list of IP Address
NTP Time Synchronization
Even Log
Support SNMP v1,v2c, v3
Support MIB II
CLI access via Telnet and SSH
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Administrative Access : HTTP/ HTTPS
UPnP (Universal Plug and Play)
1.6 Wireless Performance Considerations
There are a number of factors that can impact the range of wireless devices.
1. Adjust your wireless devices so that the signal is traveling in a straight path, rather than at an angle. The
more material the signal has to pass through the more signal you will lose.
2. Keep the number of obstructions to a minimum. Each obstruction can reduce the range of a wireless
device. Position the wireless devices in a manner that will minimize the amount of obstructions between
them.
3. Building materials can have a large impact on your wireless signal. In an indoor environment, try to
position the wireless devices so that the signal passes through less dense material such as dry wall. Dense
materials like metal, solid wood, glass or even furniture may block or degrade the signal.
4. Antenna orientation can also have a large impact on your wireless signal. Use the wireless adapter’s site
survey tool to determine the best antenna orientation for your wireless devices.
5. Interference from devices that produce RF (radio frequency) noise can also impact your signal. Position
your wireless devices away from anything that generates RF noise, such as microwaves, radios and baby
monitors.
6. Any device operating on the 2.4GHz frequency will cause interference. Devices such as 2.4GHz cordless
phones or other wireless remotes operating on the 2.4GHz frequency can potentially drop the wireless
signal. Although the phone may not be in use, the base can still transmit wireless signal. Move the
phone’s base station as far away as possible from your wireless devices.
If you are still experiencing low or no signal consider repositioning the wireless devices or installing additional
access points. The use of higher gain antennas may also provide the necessary coverage depending on the
environment.
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Chapter 2. Basic Installation
2.1 Hardware Installation
2.1.1 Package Contents
TEW-455APBO
x 1
x 1
x 1
x 1
x 1
Multi-Language Quick Installation Guide
CD-ROM (User’s Guide)
Power Injector & Cord
Mounting Kit
It is highly recommended to use all the supplies in the package instead of substituting any components by other suppliers
to guarantee best performance.
2.1.2 Panel Function Descriptions
TEW-455APBO
1. Reboot:
Press and hold the Reset button for 2 seconds and release to restart system. The LED except Power
indicator will be off before restarting.
Press and hold the Reset button for more than 10 seconds to reset the system to default
configurations.
2. Power:
3. WLAN:
4. Ethernet
5. PoE:
Green LED ON indicates power on, and OFF indicates power off.
Yellow LED FLASH indicates Wireless Transmit.
Red LED ON indicates connection, OFF indicates no connection
For connecting to PSE
6. EXT:
For connection of optional N-Type antenna (example: TRENDnet TEW-AO19D)
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2.2 Web Management Interface Instructions
TEW-455APBO supports web-based configuration. Upon the completion of hardware installation, TEW-
455APBO can be configured through a PC/NB by using its web browser such as Internet Explorer version 6.0 or
higher.
Default IP Address : 192.168.10.100
Default Subnet Mask : 255.255.255.0
Default User Name and Password:
The default user name and password for both root manager account and admin manager account are as
follows:
Mode
CPE Mode
AP Mode
WDS Mode
Management Account
User Name
Admin Account Status Account Admin Account Admin Account
root
root
admin
admin
root
root
root
root
Password
Step
IP Segment Set-up for Administrator's PC/NB
Set the IP segment of the administrator's computer to be in the same range as TEW-455APBO for
accessing the system. Do not duplicate the IP Address used here with IP Address of TEW-455APBO or any
other device within the network
Example of Segment:
The valid range is 1 ~ 254 and 192.168.10.100 shall be avoided because it is already assigned to TEW-
455APBO and 192.168.10.10 is used in the example below.
IP Address : 192.168.10.10
IP Netmask : 255.255.255.0
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Launch Web Browser
Launch a web browser to access the web management interface of system by entering the default IP
System Login
The network manager Login Page then appears.
Enter “root” as User name and “root” as Password, and then click OK to login to the system; the root
manager account is used as an example here.
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Login Success
System Overview page will appear after successful login.
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Chapter 3. AP Mode Configuration
When AP mode is chosen, the system can be configured as an Access Point. This section provides detailed
explanation for users to configure in the AP mode with help of illustrations. In the AP mode, functions listed in
the table below are also available from the Web-based GUI interface.
Option
System
Wireless
Administrator
Status
Operating Mode
General Settings
Management
System Overview
LAN
Advanced Settings
Virtual AP
Profiles Settings
Clients
Functions
Time Server
Firmware Upgrade
WDS Status
SNMP
UPNP
WDS Setup
Network Utility
Reboot
Extra Info
Event Log
Table 3-1: AP Mode Functions
3.1 External Network Connection
3.1.1 Network Requirement
Normally, TEW-455APBO connects to a wired LAN and provides a wireless connection point to associate with
wireless client as shown in Figure 3-1. Then, Wireless clients could access to LAN or Internet by associating
themselves with TEW-455APBO set in AP mode.
Figure 3-1 Access Point on a Wired LAN Configuration
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3.1.2 Configure LAN IP
Here are the instructions to setup the local IP Address and Netmask.
Please click on System LAN and follow the below setting.
Mode: Check either “Static IP” or “Dynamic IP” button as desired to set up the system IP of LAN port.
Static IP: The administrator can manually setup the LAN IP address when static IP is preferred.
IP Address: The IP address of the LAN port; default IP address is 192.168.10.100
IP Netmask: The Subnet mask of the LAN port; default Netmask is 255.255.255.0
IP Gateway: The default gateway of the LAN port; default Gateway is 192.168.10.1
Dynamic IP: This configuration type is applicable when the TEW-455APBO is connected to a network
with presence of a DHCP server. All related IP information will be provided by the DHCP server
automatically.
Hostname : The Hostname of the LAN port
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DNS: Check either “No Default DNS Server” or “Specify DNS Server IP” button as desired to set up the
system DNS.
Primary: The IP address of the primary DNS server.
Secondary: The IP address of the secondary DNS server.
802.1d Spanning Tree
The spanning tree network protocol provides a loop free topology for a bridged LAN between LAN
interface and 8 WDS interfaces from WDS0 to WDS7. The Spanning Tree Protocol, which is also referred to
as STP, is defined in the IEEE Standard 802.1d.
Click Save button to save your changes. Click Reboot button to activate your changes.
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3.2 Wireless LAN Network Creation
The network manager can configure related wireless settings, General Settings, Advanced Settings, Virtual AP
(VAP) Setting, Security Settings, and Access Control Settings.
3.2.1 Wireless General Setup
The administrator can change the data transmission, channel and output power settings for the system. Please
click on Wireless -> General Setup and follow the below setting.
MAC address: The MAC address of the Wireless interface is displayed here.
Band Mode: Select an appropriate wireless band; bands available are 801.11b, 802.11g and
802.11b+802.11g.
Transmit Rate Control: Select the desired rate from the drop-down list; the options are auto or ranging
from 1 to 54Mbps for the 802.11g and 802.11b/g modes, or 1 to 11Mbps for the 802.11b mode.
Domain: Select the desired domain from the drop-down list; the options are FCC and ETSI.
Channel: The channel range will be changed by selecting different domain. The channels range from 1 to
11 for the FCC domain, or 1 to 13 for the ETSI domain.
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Tx Power: You can adjust the output power of the system to get the appropriate coverage for your wireless
network. Select the LEVEL 1 to LEVEL 9 that you need for your environment. If you are not sure from which
setting to choose, then use the default LEVEL 9 setting.
Output Power Chart
Level 1
FCC Domain
3dBm
ETSI Domain
1dBm
Level 2
6dBm
2dBm
Level 3
9dBm
3dBm
Level 4
12dBm
15dBm
18dBm
21dBm
24dBm
27dBm
4dBm
Level 5
5dBm
Level 6
6dBm
Level 7
6dBm
Level 8
6dBm
Level 9
6dBm
*The power value might be ± 1dBm
Super G: Click Enable button to activate super G and Disable to deactivate super G.
Click Save button to save your changes. Click Reboot button to activate your changes. The items in this page
are for AP's RF general settings and will be applied to all VAPs.
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3.2.2 Wireless Advanced Setup
To achieve optimal wireless performance, it is necessary to tweak advance setting per requirements properly,
not necessary higher the better or lower.
The administrator can change the RTS threshold and fragmentation threshold settings for the system. Please
click on Wireless -> Advanced Setup and follow the below setting.
Slot Time : Slot time is in the range of 1~1489 and set in unit of microsecond. The default value is 20
microsecond.
Slot time is the amount of time a device waits after a collision before retransmitting a packet. Reducing the
slot time decreases the overall back-off, which increases throughput. Back-off, which is a multiple of the
slot time, is the random length of time a station waits before sending a packet on the LAN. For a sender
and receiver own right of the channel the shorter slot time help manage shorter wait time to re-transmit
from collision because of hidden wireless clients or other causes. When collision sources can be removed
sooner and other senders attempting to send are listening the channel(CSMA/CA) the owner of the
channel should continue ownership and finish their transmission and release the channel. Then, following
ownership of the channel will be sooner for the new pair due to shorter slot time. However, when long
duration of existing collision sources and shorter slot time exist the owners might experience subsequent
collisions. When adjustment to longer slot time can’t improve performance then RTS/CTS could
supplement and help improve performance.
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ACK Timeout: ACK timeout is in the range of 1~372 and set in unit of microsecond. The default value is 48
microsecond. All data transmission in 802.11b/g request an “Acknowledgement” (ACK) send by receiving
radio. The transmitter will resend the original packet if correspondent ACK failed to arrive within specific
time interval, also refer to as “ACK Timeout”.
ACK Timeout is adjustable due to the fact that distance between two radio links may vary in different
deployment. ACK Timeout makes significant influence in performance of long distance radio link. If ACK
Timeout is set too short, transmitter will start to “Resend” packet before ACK is received, and throughputs
become low due to excessively high re-transmission.
ACK Timeout is best determined by distance between the radios, data rate of average environment. The
Timeout value is calculated based on round-trip time of packet with a little tolerance, So, if experiencing
re-transmissions or poor performance the ACK Timeout could be made longer to accommodate.
RTS/CTS
Adjustment of RTS Threshold can be done to turn on RTS. CTS Timeout will take effect only when RTS is turned
on.
Unlike wired Ethernet, radio transmission may begin with a RTS (Request to Send) frame, and receiver
responds with a CTS (Clear to Send) frame. The RTS/CTS mechanism is called Channel Cleaning, all stations that
received CTS will back off for certain period of time, multiple of the slot time.
Each CTS packet has a NAV (Network Allocation Vector) number n, the channel is reserved for sender and
receiver for additional n-millisecond. The NAV guarantees the channel is free of interference in next n-
millisecond. The last packet of ACK will set NAV to zero, indicated that connection is done and free the channel
to others.
CTS Timeout: CTS Timeout is in the range of 1~744 and set in unit of microsecond. The default value is 48
microsecond.
CTS Timeout will take effect only when RTS is turned on. Adjustment of RTS Threshold can be done to turn
on RTS. When hidden wireless stations are present in the wireless network RTS can be considered to turn
on to minimize collisions and increase performance. Ensure CTS timeout is long enough to avoid frequent
re-transmission of RTS.
Slot Time and ACK/CTS Timeout settings are for long distance links. It is important to tweak settings to achieve the optimal
result based on requirement. The device’s default settings should be sufficient for most applications.
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RSSI Threshold: RSSI Threshold is in the range of -128~127.The default value is 24.
RSSI is defined as Received Signal Strength Indication, when the received signal strength from peer is
below this threshold, the peer will be consider as disconnected. Set the threshold higher will make
roaming happen earlier, set lower will allow weak signal peer to connect. In normal condition, the longer
the distance, the lower the signal strength between peers. You could consider lowering RSSI to increase
the wireless coverage. Increase the RSSI Threshold to have a more stable, but smaller coverage area.
Beacon Interval: Beacon Interval is in the range of 1~5000 and set in unit of millisecond. The default value
is 100 msec.
Access Point (AP) in IEEE 802.11 will send out a special approximated 50-byte frame, called “Beacon”.
Beacon is broadcast to all the stations, provides the basic information of AP such as SSID, channel,
encryption keys, signal strength, time stamp, support data rate.
All the radio stations received beacon recognizes the existence of such AP, and may proceed next actions if
the information from AP matches the requirement. Beacon is sent on a periodic basis, the time interval
can be adjusted.
By increasing the beacon interval, you can reduce the number of beacons and associated overhead, but
that will likely delay the association and roaming process because stations scanning for available access
points may miss the beacons. You can decrease the beacon interval, which increases the rate of beacons.
This will make the association and roaming process very responsive; however, the network will incur
additional overhead and throughput will go down.
DTIM Interval: The DTIM interval is in the range of 1~15. The default is 15.
DTIM is defined as Delivery Traffic Indication Message. It is used to notify the wireless stations, which
support power saving mode, when to wake up to receive multicast frame. DTIM is necessary and critical in
wireless environment as a mechanism to fulfill power-saving synchronization.
A DTIM interval is a count of the number of beacon frames that must occur before the access point sends
the buffered multicast frames. For instance, if DTIM Interval is set to 3, then the Wi-Fi clients will expect
to receive a multicast frame after receiving three Beacon frame. The higher DTIM interval will help power
saving and possibly decrease wireless throughput in multicast applications.
Fragment Threshold: The Fragment Threshold is in the range of 256~2346 byte. The default is 2346 byte.
Each Wi-Fi packet can be divided into smaller packets, marked with a sequential fragment number and re-
assemble in the receiving ends. The purpose is to make a short frame, instead of long frame, transmitting
by radio in a heavy noisy environment. Because of sending smaller frames, corruptions are much less likely
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to occur. The pros is obvious, the cons is the overhead for transmission. So, in a clean environment, higher
fragment threshold can be an option to increase throughput.
Fragmentation will be triggered by setting the Fragment Threshold, usually in Byte-length. Only when the
frame size is over the Threshold, fragmentation will take place automatically.
RTS Threshold: RTS Threshold is in the range of 1~2346 byte. The default is 2346 byte.
The main purpose of enabling RTS by changing RTS threshold is to reduce possible collisions due to hidden
wireless clients. RTS in AP will be enabled automatically if the packet size is larger than the Threshold
value. By default, RTS is disabled in a normal environment supports non-jumbo frames.
Short Preamble: By default, it’s “Enable”. To Disable is to use Long 128-bit Preamble Synchronization field.
The preamble is used to signal "here is a train of data coming" to the receiver. The short preamble
provides 72-bit Synchronization field to improve WLAN transmission efficiency with less overhead.
Tx Burst: By default, it’s “Enable”. To Disable is to deactivate Tx Burst.
With TX burst enabled, AP will send many packets in a burst, without collision detection and RTS/CTS for
each packet. TX Burst have better throughput but cause interference with other APs using the same
channel.
802.11g Protection Mode: By default, it’s “Enable”. To Disable is to deactivate 802.11g Protection Mode.
Protection mode use RTS/CTS to prevent interference with other APs and 802.11b peers, and disabling it
will save transmission time used by RTS/CTS. RTS/CTS threshold is effective only when 802.11g protection
mode is made enable.
Click Save button to save your changes. Click Reboot button to activate your changes. The items in this page
are for AP's RF advanced settings and will be applied to all VAPs.
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3.2.3 Create Virtual AP (VAP)
The TEW-455APBO support broadcasting multiple SSIDs, allowing the creation of Virtual Access Points,
partitioning a single physical access point into 8 logical access points, each of which can have a different set of
security, VLAN tag(ID) and network settings. Figure 3-2 shows multiple SSIDs with different security type and
VLAN settings.
Figure 3-2 Multiple SSIDs with different Security Type and VLAN Tag
3.2.3.1 Virtual AP Overview
The administrator can view all of the Virtual AP's settings via this page.
Please click on Wireless -> Virtual AP Setup and the Virtual AP Overview Page appears.
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VAP: Indicate the system's available Virtual AP
ESSID: Indicate the ESSID of the respective Virtual AP
Status: Indicate the Status of the respective Virtual AP. The VAP0 always On
Security Type: Indicate an used security type of the respective Virtual AP
MAC Filter: Indicate an used MAC filter of the respective Virtual AP
MAC Filter Setup: Click Setup button to configure Virtual AP's MAC filter.
VAP Edit: Click Edit button to configure Virtual AP's settings, including security type.
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3.2.3.2 Virtual AP Setup
For each Virtual AP, administrators can configure SSID, VLAN tag (ID), SSID broadcasting, Maximum number of
client associations, security type settings.
Click Edit button on the VAP Edit column, and then a Virtual AP setup page appears.
ESSID: Extended Service Set ID, when clients are browsing for available wireless networks, this is the SSID
that will appear in the list. ESSID will determine the service type available to AP clients associated with the
specified VAP. (Note: Spaces are acceptable characters in the ESSID)
Enable VAP: By default, it’s “Disable” for VAP1 ~ VAP7. The VAP0 always enabled.
Select “Enable” to activate VAP or click “Disable” to deactivate this function
Hidden SSID: By default, it’s “Disable”.
Enable this option to stop the SSID broadcast in your network. When disabled, people could easily obtain
the SSID information with the site survey software and get access to the network if security is not turned
on. When enabled, network security is enhanced. It’s suggested to enable it after AP security settings are
archived and setting of AP clients could make to associate to it.
Client Isolation: By default, it’s “Disable”.
Select “Enable”, all clients will be isolated from each other, which means they can’t reach each other.
WMM: By default, it’s “Disable”.
Select “Enable”, then packets with WMM QoS will take higher priority.
WMM prioritizes traffic according to four Access Categories (AC) - voice, video, best effort, and
background. However, it does not provide guaranteed throughput. Packets with QOS header including
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Diffserv/IP TOS and 802.1p will be mapped into 4 Access Categories of WMM, packets without QOS header
will be assigned to Best Effort queue, see table below. 802.1p/IP TOS mapping to WMM:
Data Transmitted
Clients to AP
IP
802.1P
Queue
Priority
Description
TOS Priority
High throughput. Bulk data that requires maximum throughput
and is not time-sensitive is sent to this queue (FTP data, for
example).
0x08
1, 2
AC_BK
Background.
Low
0x20
Medium throughput and delay. Most traditional IP data is sent to
this queue
AC_BE
AC_VI
Best Effort
Video
0, 3
Medium
High
0x28
4, 5
Minimum delay. Time-sensitive video data is automatically sent
to this queue
0xa0
0x30
0xe0
0x88
Time-sensitive data like VoIP and streaming media are
automatically sent to this queue
AC_VO
Voice
6, 7
High
0xb8
IAPP Support: By default, it’s “Disable”.
Inter Access-Point Protocol is designed to enforce unique association throughout an ESS(Extended Service
Set) and to enforce secure exchange of station's security context between current access point (AP) and
new AP during hand off period.
IAPP supported only for WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK, WPA-Enterprise/WPA2-Enterprise and 802.1X security type.
Maximum Clients: The default value is 32. You can enter the number of wireless clients that can associate
to a particular SSID. When the number of client is set to 5, only 5 clients at most are allowed to connect to
this VAP.
VLAN ID (Tag): By default, it’s selected “Disable”.
This system supports tagged Virtual LAN (VLAN). A valid number of 0 to 4094 can be entered after it’s
enabled. If your network utilize VLANs you could tie a VLAN ID to a specific SSID, and packets from/to
wireless clients belonging to that SSID will be tagged with that VLAN ID. This enables security of wireless
applications by applying VLAN ID.
Security Type: Options are “Disabled”, “WEP”, “WPA-PSK”, “WPA2-PSK”, “WPA-Enterprise”, “WPA2-
Enterprise”, and “WEP 802.1X” from the drop-down list. All devices need to have the same security setting
to build WDS link.
Disable: Data are unencrypted during transmission when this option is selected.
WEP: Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) is a data encryption mechanism based on a 64-bit, 128-bit or
152-bit shared key.
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Key Length: The available options are 64 bits, 128 bits or 152 bits.
WEP auth Method: Enable the desired option among Open system and Shared.
Key Index: key index is used to designate the WEP key during data transmission. 4 different WEP
keys can be entered at the same time, but only one is chosen.
WEP Key #: Enter HEX or ASCII format WEP key value; the system supports up to 4 sets of WEP
keys.
Key Length
64-bit
Hex
ASCII
10 characters
26 characters
32 characters
5 characters
13 characters
16 characters
128-bit
152-bit
Display: By default, password privacy/masking is enabled. Check this box to disable password
privacy and display the characters when entering in a key or password.
WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK: WPA or WPA2 Algorithms enable the system to access the network by using the
WPA-PSK protected access.
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Cipher Suite: By default, it is TKIP. Select either AES or TKIP cipher suites
Group Key Update Period: By default, it is 600 seconds. This time interval for rekeying GTK,
broadcast/multicast encryption keys, can be specified in the range of 0-99999999 seconds.
Entering the time-length is required.
Master Key Update Period: By default, it is 83400 seconds. This time interval for rekeying GMK,
master key to generate GTKs, can be specified in the range of 0-99999999 seconds.
Entering the time-length required.
Key Type: Select either ASCII or HEX format for the Pre-shared Key.
Pre-shared Key: Enter the pre-shared key; the format shall go with the selected key type.
Display: By default, password privacy/masking is enabled. Check this box to disable password
privacy and display the characters when entering in a key or password.
Pre-shared key can be entered with either a 256-bit secret in 64 HEX digits format, or 8 to 63 ASCII characters.
WPA-Enterprise/WPA2-Enterprise: The RADIUS authentication and encryption will apply if either one
is selected.
WPA General Settings :
Cipher Suite: By default, it is TKIP. Select either AES or TKIP cipher suites
Group Key Update Period: By default, it’s 600 seconds. This time interval for rekeying GTK,
broadcast/multicast encryption keys, can be specified in the range of 0-99999999 seconds.
Entering the time-length is required.
Master Key Update Period: By default, it’s 83400 seconds. This time interval for rekeying
GMK, master key to generate GTKs, can be specified in the range of 0-99999999 seconds.
Enter the time-length required.
EAP Reauth Period: By default, it’s 3600 seconds; 0 second is to disable EAP Re-
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authentication.
Main and secondary Authentication RADIUS Server Settings :
Authentication Server: Enter the IP address of the Authentication RADIUS server.
Port: By default, it’s 1812. The port number used to communicate with RADIUS server.
Shared secret: A secret key used between system and RADIUS server. Supports 1 to 64 characters.
Display: By default, password privacy/masking is enabled. Check this box to disable password
privacy and display the characters when entering in a key or password.
Accounting Server: Enable or Disable accounting features in RADIUS server.
Main or Secondary Accounting RADIUS Server Settings :
Accounting Server: Enter the IP address of the Accounting RADIUS server.
Port: By default, it’s 1813. The port number used to communicate with RADIUS server.
Shared Secret: A secret key used between system and Accounting RADIUS server. Supports 1 to 64
characters.
Display: By default, password privacy/masking is enabled. Check this box to disable password
privacy and display the characters when entering in a key or password.
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WEP 802.1X: When WEP 802.1x Authentication is enabled, please refer to the following Dynamic WEP
and RADIUS settings to complete configuration.
Dynamic WEP Settings :
WEP Key length: The available options are 64 bits or 128 bits. The system will automatically
generate WEP encryption keys.
WEP Key Update Period: By default, it’s blank in seconds, enter 300 or 0 not to rekey.
EAP Reauth Period: By default, it’s 3600 seconds; 0 second is to disable EAP Re-
authentication.
Main and Secondary Authentication RADIUS Server Settings :
Authentication Server: Enter the IP address of the Authentication RADIUS server.
Port: By default, it’s 1812. The port number used to communicate with RADIUS server.
Shared secret: A secret key used between system and RADIUS server. Supports 1 to 64
characters.
Display: By default, password privacy/masking is enabled. Check this box to disable password
privacy and display the characters when entering in a key or password.
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Accounting Server: Enable or Disable accounting features in RADIUS server.
Main and secondary Accounting RADIUS Server Settings :
Accounting Server: Enter the IP address of the Accounting RADIUS server.
Port: By default, it’s 1813. The port number used to communicate with RADIUS server.
Shared Secret: A secret key used between system and Accounting RADIUS server. Supports 1
to 64 characters.
Display: By default, password privacy/masking is enabled. Check this box to disable password
privacy and display the characters when entering in a key or password.
Click Save button to save your changes. Click Reboot button to activate your changes
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3.2.4 MAC Filter Setup
Continued from the 3.2.3.1 Virtual AP Overview section, Click Setup button on the MAC Filter Setup column,
and then a Virtual AP MAC Filter setup page appears. The administrator can allow or reject clients to access
each Virtual AP.
MAC Filter Setup : By default, it’s “Disable”. Options are Disabled, Only Deny List MAC or Only Allow List
MAC. Click Save button to save your change.
Two ways to set the MAC filter rules:
Only Allow List MAC.
The wireless clients in the ACL List will be allowed to access to Access Point; All others will be denied.
Only Deny List MAC.
The wireless clients in the ACL List will be denied to access to Access Point; All others will be allowed.
MAC Address: Enter MAC address (e.g. aa:bb:cc:00:00:0a) and click “Add” button, then the MAC address
should display in the ACL List.
There are a maximum of 20 clients allowed in this MAC Filter List. The MAC addresses of the wireless clients
can be added and removed to the list using the Add and Delete buttons.
Click Reboot button to activate your changes
MAC Access Control is the weakest security approach.WPA or WPA2 security method is highly recommended.
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3.3 Wireless Network Expansion
The administrator could create WDS Links to expand wireless network. When WDS is enabled, access point
functions as a wireless bridge and is able to communicate with other access points via WDS links. A WDS link is
bidirectional and both sides must support WDS. Access points know each other by MAC Address. In other
words, each access point needs to include MAC address of its peer. Ensure all access points are configured with
the same channel and own same security type settings.
Figure 3-3 shows Point to Multiple Points with different VLAN settings
Figure 3-3 Point to Multiple Points with different VLAN Tag
Please click on Wireless -> WDS Setup and follow the below setting.
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Note that VLAN ID in the WDS MAC List setting will only be tagged to egress packets on the wired Ethernet port. Ensure to
match VLAN ID used on the network of the peer. WDS link won’t carry tags at all.
WMM: By default, it’s “Disable”.
Select “Enable”, then packets with WMM QoS will take higher priority.
WMM prioritizes traffic according to four Access Categories (AC) - voice, video, best effort, and
background. However, it does not provide guaranteed throughput. Packets with QOS header including
Diffserv/IP TOS and 802.1p will be mapped into 4 Access Categories of WMM, packets without QOS header
will be assigned to Best Effort queue, see table below. 802.1p/IP TOS mapping to WMM:
Data Transmitted IP
802.1P
Queue
Priority Description
Clients to AP
TOS Priority
High throughput. Bulk data that requires maximum
throughput and is not time-sensitive is sent to this
queue (FTP data, for example).
0x08
1, 2
AC_BK Background.
Low
0x20
Medium throughput and delay. Most traditional IP
data is sent to this queue
Minimum delay. Time-sensitive video data is
automatically sent to this queue
AC_BE Best Effort
AC_VI Video
0, 3
Medium
High
0x28
4, 5
0xa0
0x30
0xe0
0x88
Time-sensitive data like VoIP and streaming media are
automatically sent to this queue
AC_VO Voice
6, 7
High
0xb8
Security Type: Options are “Disabled”, “WEP”, and “AES” from the drop-down list. All devices need to have
the same security setting to build WDS link.
WEP Key: Enter HEX or ASCII WEP key at different length as shown below. This system supports up to
4 sets of WEP keys.
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Key Length: The available options are 64 bits, 128 bits or 152 bits.
WEP auth Method: Enable the desired option among Open system and Shared.
Key Index: key index is used to designate the WEP key during data transmission. 4 different WEP
keys can be entered at the same time, but only one is chosen.
WEP Key #: Enter HEX or ASCII format WEP key value; the system supports up to 4 sets of WEP
keys.
Key Length
Hex
ASCII
64-bit
10 characters
26 characters
32 characters
5 characters
13 characters
16 characters
128-bit
152-bit
AES Key: Enter 32 HEX characters AES key.
WDS MAC List
Enable: Click Enable to create WDS link.
WDS Peer's MAC Address : Enter the MAC address of WDS peer.
VLAN ID: By default, it’s disabled with no VLAN ID. When desired, this system supports tagged VLAN
from 0 to 4094.
Description: Description of WDS link.
The WDS link needs to be set at same Channel and with same Security Type.
Click Save button to save your changes. Click Reboot button to activate your changes
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3.4 System Management
3.4.1 Configure Management
Administrator could specify geographical location of the system via instructions in this page. Administrator
could also enter new Root and Admin passwords and allow multiple login methods.
Please click Administrator -> Management and follow the below settings.
System Information
System Name : Enter a desired name or use the default one.
Description : Provide description of the system.
Location : Enter geographical location information of the system. It helps administrator to locate the
system easier.
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The system supports two management accounts, root and admin. The network manager is assigned with full
administrative privileges, when logging in as root user, to manage the system in all aspects. While logging in as
an admin user, only subset of privileges is granted such as basic maintenance. For example, root user can
change passwords for both root and admin account, and admin user can only manage its own. For more
information about covered privileges for these two accounts, please refer to Appendix C. Network manager
Privileges.
Root Password : Log in as a root user and is allowed to change its own, plus admin user’s password.
New Password : Enter a new password if desired
Check New Password : Enter the same new password again to check.
Admin Password : Log in as a admin user and is allowed to change its own password,
New Password : Enter a new password if desired
Check New Password : Enter the same new password again to check.
Admin Login Methods : Only root user can enable or disable system login methods and change services
port.
Enable HTTP : Check to select HTTP Service.
HTTP Port : The default is 80 and the range is between 1 ~ 65535.
Enable HTTPS : Check to select HTTPS Service
HTTPS Port : The default is 443 and the range is between 1 ~ 65535.
If you already have an SSL Certificate, please click “UploadKey” button to select the file and upload it.
Enable Telnet : Check to select Telnet Service
Telnet Port : The default is 23 and the range is between 1 ~ 65535.
Enable SSH : Check to select SSH Service
SSH Port : Please The default is 22 and the range is between 1 ~ 65535.
Click “GenerateKey” button to generate RSA private key. The key is displayed in the field below.
Click Save button to save your changes. Click Reboot button to activate your changes
Without a valid certificate, users may encounter the following problem in IE7 when they try to access system's
WMI (https://192.168.10.100). There will be a “Certificate Error”, because the browser treats system as an
illegal website.
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Click “Continue to this website” to access the system's WMI. The system's Overview page will appear.
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3.4.2 Configure System Time
System time can be configured via this page, and manual setting or via a NTP server is supported.
Please click on System -> Time Server and follow the below setting.
Local Time : Display the current system time.
NTP Client : To synchronize the system time with NTP server.
Enable : Check to select NTP client.
NTP Server: Manually specify a custom NTP server domain name or address by selecting the
“Customize Time Server” option from the Default NTP Server drop-down list
Note: When specifying a custom time server, system time may take 10 minutes of system uptime to
update the time settings.
Default NTP Server : Select the NTP Server from the drop-down list.
Time Zone : Select a desired time zone from the drop-down list.
Daylight saving time : Enable or disable Daylight saving.
If the system time from NTP server seems incorrect, please verify your network settings, like default Gateway and DNS
settings under System > LAN.
Click Save button to save your changes. Click Reboot button to activate your changes
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3.4.3 Configure UPnP
Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) is an architecture to enable pervasive peer-to-peer network connectivity
between PCs, intelligent devices and appliances when UPnP is supported. UPnP works on TCP/IP network to
enable UPnP devices to connect and access to each other, very well adopted in home networking
environment.
UPnP : By default, it’s “Disable”. Select “Enable” or “Disable” of UPnP Service.
Click Save button to save changes and click Reboot button to activate changes
For UPnP to work in Windows XP, the “TEW-455APBO”must be available in “My Network Places”, as shown
here:
If these devices are not available, you should verify that the correct components and services are loaded in
Windows XP. Please refer to Appendix D. Using UPnP on Windows XP
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3.4.4 Configure SNMP Setup
SNMP is an application-layer protocol that provides a message format for communication between SNMP
manager and agent. By enabling SNMP function, the administrator can obtain the system information
remotely.
Please click on System -> SNMP Setup and follow the below setting.
SNMP v2c Enable: Check to enable SNMP v2c.
ro community : Set a community string to authorize read-only access.
rw community : Set a community string to authorize read/write access.
SNMP v3 Enable: Check to enable SNMP v3.
SNMPv3 supports the highest level SNMP security.
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SNMP ro user : Set a community string to authorize read-only access.
SNMP ro password : Set a password to authorize read-only access.
SNMP rw user : Set a community string to authorize read/write access.
SNMP rw password : Set a password to authorize read/write access.
SNMP Trap : Events such as cold start, interface up & down, and association & disassociation will report to
an assigned server.
Community : Set a community string required by the remote host computer that will receive trap
messages or notices send by the system.
IP : Enter the IP addresses of the remote hosts to receive trap messages.
Click Save button to save changes and click Reboot button to activate.
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3.4.5 Backup / Restore and Reset to Factory
Backup current configuration, restore previously saved configuration or reset back to factory default
configuration can be executed via this page.
Please click on Utilities -> Profile Setting and follow the below setting.
Save Settings To PC : Click Save button to save the current configuration to a local disk.
Load Settings from PC : Click Browse button to locate a configuration file to restore, and then click Upload
button to upload.
Reset To Factory Default : Click Default button to reset back to the factory default settings and expect
Successful loading message. Then, click Reboot button to activate.
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3.4.6 Firmware Upgrade
Firmware is the main software image that system needs to respond to requests and to manage real time
operations. Firmware upgrades are sometimes required to include new features or bugs fix. It takes around 8
minutes to upgrade due to complexity of firmware.
There are 3 methods of upgrading the firmware.
1. Upgrade via Local PC (Browse and select downloaded firmware file from a location on local PC hard drive).
Select File: Click the Browse button to locate the firmware file on the local PC hard drive, then click the
Upgrade.
2. Upgrade via TFTP Server (Download the firmware file and upgrade the device from a TFTP server.)
TFTP Server IP: Manually enter in the TFTP server IP address.
File Name: Enter the firmware file name (add path to firmware file if needed), then click Upgrade.
3. Upgrade via HTTP URL (Download the firmware file and upgrade the device from an HTTP Web Server.)
HTTP Server IP: Manually enter in the TFTP server IP address.
1. To prevent data loss during firmware upgrade, please back up current settings before proceeding.
2. Do not interrupt during firmware upgrade including power on/off as this may damage system.
3. Never perform firmware upgrade over wireless connection or via remote access connection.
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3.4.7 Network Utility
The administrator can diagnose network connectivity via the PING utility.
Please click on Utilities -> Network Utility and follow the below setting.
Ping : This utility will help ping other devices on the network to verify connectivity. Ping utility, using ICMP
packets, detects connectivity and latency between two network nodes. As result of that, packet loss and
latency time are available in the Result field while running the PING test.
destination, and click ping button to proceed. The ping result will be shown in the Result field.
Count : By default, it’s 5 and the range is from 1 to 50. It indicates number of connectivity test.
If the device is unable to receive replies for IP addresses or domain names from the outside of the local network such as the
Internet, please verify your network settings, like default Gateway and DNS settings under System > LAN.
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3.4.8 Reboot
This function allows user to restart system with existing or most current settings when changes are made. Click
Reboot button to proceed and take around three minutes to complete.
A reminder will be available for remaining time to complete. If power cycle is necessary, please wait till
completion of the reboot process.
The System Overview page appears upon the completion of reboot.
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3.5 System Status
This section breaks down into subsections of System Overview, Associated Clients Status, WDS Link Status,
Extra Information and Event Log.
3.5.1 System Overview
Display detailed information of System, Network, LAN and Wireless in the System Overview page.
System : Display information of the system.
System Name : The name of the system.
Operating Mode : The mode currently in service.
Location : Deployed geographical location.
Description : A description of the system.
Firmware Version : The current installed firmware version.
Firmware Date : The build time of installed firmware.
Device Time : The current time of the system.
System Up Time : The time period that system has been in service since last reboot.
Network Information : Display information of the Network.
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Mode : Supports Static or Dynamic modes on the LAN interface.
IP Address : The management IP of system. By default, it’s 192.168.10.100.
IP Netmask : The network mask. By default, it’s 255.255.255.0.
IP Gateway : The gateway IP address and by default, it’s 192.168.10.1.
Primary DNS : The primary DNS server in service.
Secondary DNS : The secondary DNS server in service.
LAN Information : Display total received and transmitted statistics on the LAN interface.
MAC Address : The MAC address of the LAN port.
Receive bytes : The total received packets in bytes on the LAN port.
Receive packets : The total received packets of the LAN port.
Transmit bytes : The total transmitted packets in bytes of the LAN port.
Transmit packets : The total transmitted packets of the LAN port.
Wireless Information : Display total received and transmitted statistics on available Virtual AP.
MAC Address : The MAC address of the Wireless port. Different MAC address on each Virtual AP
Receive bytes :The total received packets in bytes on the Wireless port.
Receive packets : The total received packets on the Wireless port.
Transmit bytes : The total transmitted packets in bytes on the Wireless port.
Transmit packets : The total transmitted packets on the Wireless port.
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3.5.2 Associated Clients Status
It displays ESSID, on/off Status, Security Type, total number of wireless clients associated with all Virtual AP.
VAP Information : Highlights key VAP information.
VAP : Available VAP from VAP0 to VAP7.
ESSID : Display name of ESSID for each VAP.
Status : On/Off
Security Type : Display chosen security type; WEP, WPA/WPA2-PSK, WPA/WPA2-Enterprise.
Clients : Display total number of wireless connections for each VAP.
VAP Clients : Display all associated clients on each Virtual AP.
MAC : MAC address of associated clients.
RSSI : RSSI of from associated clients..
Last Tx Time : Last inactive time period in seconds for a wireless connection.
Disconnect : Click “Delete” button to manually disconnect a wireless client in a Virtual AP.
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3.5.3 WDS Link Status
On/Off Status, peers MAC Address, Received Signal Strength Indicator(RSSI) and Last TX Time for each WDS are
available.
WDS : Maximum supported WDS links.
Status : On/Off.
MAC address : Display MAC address of WDS peer.
RSSI : Indicate the RSSI of WDS links.
Last TX time : Last inactive time period in seconds on WDS links.
For WDS with “0” RSSI, please check the devices’ WDS settings including the MAC address, wireless channel, security
settings, and the TX power. If the RSSI value is much lower than expected, please try adjusting the Slot Time, ACK/CTS
Timeout and/or RTS Threshold in the wireless “Advanced Setup”
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3.5.4 Extra Information
Users could pull out information such as Route table, ARP table, MAC table, Bridge table or STP available in the
drop-down list from system. The “Refresh” button is used to retrieve latest table information.
Route table information : Select “Route table information” on the drop-down list to display route table.
TEW-455APBO could be used as a L2 or L3 device. It doesn’t support dynamic routing protocols such as RIP
or OSPF. Static routes to specific hosts, networks or default gateway are set up automatically according to
the IP configuration of system's interfaces. When used as a L2 device, it could switch packets and, as L3
device, it’s capable of being a gateway to route packets inward and outward.
ARP table Information : Select “ARP Table Information” on the drop-down list to display ARP table.
ARP associates each IP address to a unique hardware address (MAC) of a device. It is important to have a
unique IP address as final destination to switch packets to.
Bridge table information : Select “Bridge Table information” on the drop-down list to display bridge
table.
Bridge table will show Bridge ID and STP's Status on the each Ethernet bridge and its attached interfaces,
the Bridge Port should be attached to some interfaces (e.g. eth0, ath0~ath7 and ath0.wds0~ath0.wds7).
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Bridge MAC information : Select “Bridge MACs Information” on the drop-down list to display MAC table.
This table displays local MAC addresses associated with wired or wireless interfaces, but also remember
non-local MAC addresses learned from wired or wireless interfaces.
Ageing timers will be reset when existing MAC addresses in table are learned again or added when new MAC
addresses are seen from wired or wireless interfaces as well. When time runs out for a particular entry, it will be
pruned from the table. In that situation, switching packet to that particular MAC address will be dropped.
Bridge STP Information : Select “Bridge STP Information” on the drop-down list to display a list of bridge STP
information.
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3.5.5 Event Log
The Event log displays system events when system is up and running. Also, it becomes very useful as a
troubleshooting tool when issues are experienced in system.
Time: The date and time when the event occurred.
Facility: It helps users to identify source of events such “System” or “User”
Severity: Severity level that a specific event is associated such as “info”, “error”, “warning”, etc.
Message: Description of the event.
Click Refresh button to renew the log, or click Clear button to clear all the record.
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Chapter 4. WDS Mode Configuration
Please refer to illustrations of the section 1.3 for possible applications in the WDS mode. This section provides
detailed explanation for users to configure in the WDS mode with help of illustrations. In the WDS mode,
functions listed in the table below are also available from the Web-based GUI interface.
Option
System
Wireless
Administrator
Status
Operating Mode
General Settings
Management
System Overview
LAN
Advanced Settings
WDS Setup
Profiles Settings
WDS Status
Extra Info
Event Log
Functions
Time Server
Firmware Upgrade
SNMP
UPnP
Network Utility
Reboot
Table 4-1: WDS Mode Functions
4.1 External Network Connection
4.1.1 Network Requirement
You could expand your Ethernet network via WDS link. In this mode, the TEW-455APBO connects directly to a
wired LAN, and wirelessly bridges to a remote access point via a WDS link as shown in Figure 4-1. In the mode,
it can’t associate with any wireless clients.
Figure 4-1 Point to Point Configuration
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4.1.2 WDS Setup
The administrator could create WDS Links to expand wireless network. When WDS is enabled, access point
functions as a wireless bridge and is able to communicate with other access points via WDS links. A WDS link is
bidirectional and both side must support WDS. Access points know each other by MAC Address. In other
words, each access point needs to include MAC address of its peer. Ensure all access points are configured
with the same channel and own same security type settings.
Figure 4-2 shows Point to Multiple Points with different VLAN settings
Figure 4-2 Point to Multiple Points with different VLAN Tag
Please click on Wireless -> WDS Setup and follow the below setting.
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Note that VLAN ID in the WDS MAC List setting will only be tagged to egress packets on the wired Ethernet port. Ensure to
match VLAN ID used on the network of the peer. WDS link won’t carry tags at all.
WDS MAC List
Enable : Click Enable to create WDS link.
WDS Peer's MAC Address : Enter the MAC address of WDS peer.
VLAN ID : By default, it’s disabled with no VLAN ID. When desired, this system supports tagged VLAN
from 0 to 4094.
Description : Description of WDS link.
The WDS link needs to be set at same Channel and Security Type. For WMM and Security settings, please refer to section
3.3. For other system management, please refer to section 3.4.
Click Save button to save your changes. Click Reboot button to activate your changes
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4.2 System Status
This section breaks down into subsections of System Overview, WDS Link Status, Extra Information and Event
Log.
4.2.1 System Overview
Detailed information on System, Network, LAN Information and Wireless Information can be reviewed via
this page.
System : Display the information of the system.
System Name : The name of the system.
Operating Mode : The mode currently in service.
Location : The reminding note on the geographical location of the system.
Description : The reminding note of the system.
Firmware Version : The current firmware version installed.
Firmware Date : The build time of the firmware installed.
Device Time : The current time of the system.
System Up Time : The time period that system has been in service since last reboot.
Network Information : Display the information of the Network.
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Mode : Supports Static or Dynamic modes on the LAN interface.
IP Address : The management IP of system. By default, it’s 192.168.10.100.
IP Netmask : The network mask. By default, it’s 255.255.255.0.
IP Gateway : The gateway IP address and by default, it’s 192.168.10.1.
Primary DNS : The primary DNS server in service.
Secondary DNS : The secondary DNS server in service.
LAN Information : Display total received and transmitted statistics on the LAN interface.
MAC Address : The MAC address of the LAN port.
Receive bytes : The total received packets in bytes on the LAN port.
Receive packets : The total received packets of the LAN port.
Transmit bytes : The total transmitted packets in bytes of the LAN port.
Transmit packets : The total transmitted packets of the LAN port.
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4.2.2 WDS Link Status
The administrator can obtain detailed Information such as MAC Address, Signal Strength of all WDS link via this
page.
WDS : Maximum supported WDS links.
Status : On/Off.
MAC address : Display MAC address of WDS peer.
RSSI : Indicate the RSSI of WDS links.
Last TX time : Last inactive time period in seconds on WDS links.
If display “0” RSSI, you need to check WDS configuration. Things to verify are MAC Address, Channel and Security type.
Also, adjust antenna angle and Tx Power. If display unexpected RSSI, In a long distance application, you might need to
adjust Slot time, ACK/CTS timeout, and/or RTS threshold.
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Chapter 5. CPE Mode Configuration
When CPE mode is chosen, the system can be configured as a Customer Premises Equipment (CPE). This
section provides detailed explanation for users to configure in the CPE mode with help of illustrations. In the
CPE mode, functions listed in the table below are also available from the Web-based GUI interface.
OPTION
System
Wireless
Advance
Utilities
Status
Operating Mode
General Setup
DMZ
Management
System Overview
WAN
LAN
Wireless Profile
Site Survey
IP Filter Setup
MAC Filter Setup
Virtual Server
Profiles Settings
DHCP Clients
Extra Info
Firmware
Upgrade
Functions
DDNS Setup
Time Server
Network Utility
Event Log
Reboot
SNMP
UPNP
Table 5-1: CPE Mode Functions
5.1 External Network Connection
5.1.1 Network Requirement
It can be used as an Outdoor Customer Premises Equipment (CPE) to receive wireless signal over last mile
application, helping WISPs deliver wireless broadband Internet service to residents and business customers. In
the CPE mode, TEW-455APBO is a gateway enabled with NAT and DHCP Server functions. The wired clients
connected to TEW-455APBO are in different subnet from those connected to Main Base Station, and, in CPE
mode, it does not accept wireless association from wireless clients.
Figure 5-1 CPE mode configuration
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5.1.2 Configure WAN Setup
There are three connection types for the WAN port : Static IP, Dynamic IP and PPPoE,
Please click on System -> WAN and follow the below setting.
In CPE mode, the WAN Port is the Wireless interface.
Mode : By default, it’s “Dynamic IP”. Check “Static IP”, “Dynamic IP” or “PPPoE” to set up system WAN IP.
Dynamic IP : Please consult with WISP for correct wireless settings to associate with WISP AP before a
dynamic IP, along with related IP settings including DNS can be available from DHCP server. If IP
Address is not assigned, please double check with your wireless settings and ensure successful
association. Also, you may go to “WAN Information” in the Overview page to click Release button to
release IP address and click Renew button to renew IP address again.
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Hostname : The Hostname of the WAN port
Static IP : Users can manually setup the WAN IP address with a static IP provided by WISP.
IP Address : The IP address of the WAN port. By default, the IP address is 192.168.1.254
IP Netmask : The Subnet mask of the WAN port. By default, the Netmask is 255.255.255.0
IP Gateway : The default gateway of the WAN port. By default, the Gateway is 192.168.1.1
PPPoE : To create wireless PPPoE WAN connection to a PPPoE server in network.
User Name : Enter User Name for PPPoE connection
Password : Enter Password for PPPoE connection
Reconnect Mode :
Always on – A connection to Internet is always maintained.
On Demand – A connection to Internet is made as needed.
When the “Reconnect Mode” is set to “On Demand”, if the “System Time” NTP Client is enabled, the device’s Reconnect
Mode would become “Always On”
Manual – Click the “Connect” button on “WAN Information” in the Overview page to connect to
the Internet.
Idle Time : Time to last before disconnecting PPPoE session when it is idle. Enter preferred Idle Time
in minutes.
MTU : By default, it’s 1492 bytes. MTU stands for Maximum Transmission Unit. Consult with WISP for a
correct MTU setting.
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DNS : Check “No Default DNS Server” or “Specify DNS Server IP” radial button as desired to set up system
DNS.
Primary : The IP address of the primary DNS server.
Secondary : The IP address of the secondary DNS server.
MAC Clone : The MAC address is a 12-digit HEX code uniquely assigned to hardware as identification.
Some ISPs require you to register a MAC address in order to access to Internet. If you have resisted the
computer’s network adapter MAC address with the ISP, please select “Clone MAC Address”.
Keep Default MAC Address : Keep the default MAC address of WAN port on the system.
Clone MAC Address : If you want to clone the MAC address of the PC, then click the Clone MAC
Address button. The system will automatically detect your PC's MAC address.
The Clone MAC Address field will display MAC address of the PC connected to system. Click “Save” button can make clone
MAC effective.
Manual MAC Address : Enter the MAC address registered with your ISP.
Bandwidth : Administrator can control download and upload bandwidth. Default is Disable
Upload : The range is from 256 to 8192 in Kbits
Download : The range is from 256 to 8192 in Kbits
Click Save button to save your changes. Click Reboot button to activate your changes
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5.1.3 Configure DDNS Setup
Dynamic DNS allows you to map domain name to dynamic IP address.
Please click on System -> DDNS Setup and follow the below setting.
Enable: Default setting is “Disable”. Select “Enable” for the device to automatically update its WAN IP
address associated with the DDNS host name.
Service Provider: Select the preferred Service Provider from the drop-down list. The options are dyndns,
dhs, ods and tzo
Hostname: Host Name that is registered with the selected DDNS service
User Name & Password: User Name and Password are used to login DDNS service.
Click Save button to save your changes. Click Reboot button to activate your changes.
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5.1.4 Site Survey
Use this tool to scan and locate WISP Access Points and select one to associate with.
Please click on Wireless -> Site Survey. Below depicts an example for site survey.
ESSID : Available Extend Service Set ID of surrounding Access Points.
MAC Address : MAC addresses of surrounding Access Points.
Channel : Channel numbers used by all found Access Points.
Signal Level : Received signal strength of all found Access Points.
Security Type : Security type by all found Access Points.
Setup : Click “Select” to configure settings and associate with chosen AP.
While clicking “Select” button in the Site Survey Table, the “ESSID” and “Security Type” will apply in the Wireless General
Setup. However, more settings are needed including Security Key.
For WMM and Security settings, please refer to section 3.3. For other system management, please refer to section 3.4.
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5.2 Access Control List
5.2.1 IP Filter Setup
Allows to create deny or allow rules to filter ingress or egress packets from specific source and/or to
destination IP address on wired (LAN) or Wireless (WAN) ports. Filter rules could be used to filter unicast or
multicast packets on different protocols as shown in the IP Filter Setup. Important to note that IP filter rules
has precedence over Virtual server rules.
Please click on Advance -> IP Filter Setup and follow the below setting.
Source Address/Mask : Enter desired source IP address and netmask; i.e. 192.168.2.10/32.
Source Port : Enter a port or a range of ports as start:end; i.e. port 20:80
Destination Address/Mask : Enter desired destination IP address and netmask; i.e. 192.168.1.10/32
Destination Port : Enter a port or a range of ports as start:end; i.e. port 20:80
In/Out : Applies to Ingress or egress packets
Protocol : Supports TCP, UDP or ICMP.
Listen : Click Yes radial button to match TCP packets only with the SYN flag.
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Active : Deny to drop and Pass to allow per filter rules
Interface : The interface that a filter rule applies
All packets are allowed by default. Deny rules could be added to the filter list to filter out unwanted packets and leave
remaining allowed.
Click “Save” button to add IP filter rule. Total of 20 rules maximum allowed in the IP Filter List. All rules can be
edited or removed from the List. Click Reboot button to activate your changes.
When you create rules in the IP Filter List, the prior rules maintain higher priority. To allow limited access from
a subnet to a destination network manager needs to create allow rules first and followed by deny rules. So, if
you just want one IP address to access the system via telnet from your subnet, not others, the Example 1
demonstrates it, not rules in the Example 2.
Example 1 : Create a higher priority rule to allow IP address 192.168.2.2 Telnet access from LAN port
first, and deny Telnet access from remaining IP addresses in the same subnet.
Source
IP/Mask
Destination
IP/Mask
Rule
In/Out Protocol Listen Action Side
Port
Port
1
2
192.168.2.2/32
192.168.2.0/24
192.168.2.254/32 22
192.168.2.254/32 22
In
In
TCP
TCP
n
n
Pass LAN
Deny LAN
Example 2 : All Telnet access to the system from the IP addresses of subnet 192.168.2.x works with the
rule 1 of Example 2. The rule 2 won’t make any difference.
Source
IP/Mask
Destination
IP/Mask
Rule
In/Out Protocol Listen Action Side
Port
Port
1
2
192.168.2.0/24
192.168.2.2/32
192.168.2.254/32 22
192.168.2.254/32 22
In
In
TCP
TCP
n
n
Deny LAN
Pass LAN
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5.2.2 MAC Filter Setup
Allows to create MAC filter rules to allow or deny unicast or multicast packets from limited number of MAC
addresses. Important to note that MAC filter rules have precedence over IP Filter rules.
Please click on Advance -> MAC Filter Setup and follow the below setting.
Access Control Type: By default, it’s “Disable”. Options are Disabled, Only Deny List MAC or Only Allow
List MAC. Click Save button to save your change.
Two ways to set the Access Control List:
Only Allow List MAC.
The wireless clients in the ACL List will be allowed to access to Access Point; All others will be denied.
Only Deny List MAC.
The wireless clients in the ACL List will be denied to access to Access Point; All others will be allowed.
MAC Address : Enter MAC address (e.g. aa:bb:cc:00:00:0a) and click “Add” button, then the MAC address
should display in the ACL List.
There are a maximum of 20 clients allowed in this ACL List. The MAC addresses of the wireless clients can be
added and removed to the list using the Add and Delete buttons.
Click Reboot button to activate your changes
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5.3 Resource Sharing
5.3.1 DMZ
DMZ is commonly work with the NAT functionality as an alternative of Virtual Server(Port Forwarding) while
wanting all ports of DMZ host visible to Internet users. Virtual Server rules have precedence over the DMZ
rule. In order to use a range of ports available to access to different internal hosts Virtual Server rules are
needed.
Please click on Advance -> DMZ and follow the below setting.
DMZ : By default, it’s “Disable”. Check Enable radial button to enable DMZ.
IP Address : Enter IP address of DMZ host and only one DMZ host is supported.
Click Save button to save your changes. Click Reboot button to activate your changes.
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5.3.2 Virtual Server (Port Forwarding)
“Virtual Server” can also referred to as “Port Forward” as well and used interchangeably. Resources in the
network can be exposed to the Internet users in a controlled manner including on-line gaming, video
conferencing or others via Virtual Server setup. Don’t repeat ports’ usage to avoid confusion.
Please click on Advance -> Virtual Server and follow the below setting.
Virtual Server : By Default, It’s “Disable”. Check Enable radial button to enable Virtual Server.
Description : Enter appropriate message for resource sharing via Virtual Server.
Private IP : Enter corresponding IP address of internal resource to share.
Protocol Type : Select appropriate sessions, TCP or UDP, from shared host via multiple private ports.
Private Port : A port or a range of ports may be specified as start:end; i.e. port 20:80
Public Port : A port or a range of ports may be specified as start:end; i.e. port 20:80
.
The Private Port and Public Port can be different. However, total number of ports need to be the same.
Example : Public Port is 11 to 20 and the Private Port can be a 10 ports range.
Click “Add” button to add Virtual Server rule to List. Total of maximum 20 rules are allowed in this List. All rules
can be edited or removed from the List. Click Reboot button to activate your changes.
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While creating multiple Virtual Server rules, the prior rules have higher priority. The Virtual server rules have
precedence over the DMZ one while both rules exist. Example 1 and 2 demonstrate proper usage of DMZ and
Virtual Server rules.
Example 1 : All connections should be redirected to 192.168.2.12 while DMZ is enabled. Since Virtual
Server rules have precedence over the DMZ rule all connections to TCP port 22 will be directed to TCP
port 22 of 192.168.2.10 and remaining connections to port TCP 20~80 will be redirected to port TCP
20~80 of 192.168.2.11
DMZ Enabled : 192.168.2.12
Rule Protocol
Private IP
192.168.2.10
192.168.2.11
Private Port Public Port
1
2
TCP
TCP
22
22
20:80
20:80
Example 2 : All connections should be redirected to 192.168.2.12 while DMZ is enabled. Since Virtual
Server rules have precedence over the DMZ rule all other connections to TCP port 20~80 will be
redirected to port 20~80 of 192.168.2.11. The rule 2 won’t take effect.
DMZ Enabled : 192.168.2.12
Rule Protocol
Private IP
192.168.2.11
192.168.2.10
Private Port Public Port
1
2
TCP
TCP
20:80
22
20:80
22
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5.4 System Status
This section breaks down into subsections of System Overview, DHCP Clients, Extra Information and Event Log.
5.4.1 System Overview
Detailed information on System, WAN Information, LAN Information and CPE Wireless Information can be
reviewed via this page.
System : Display the information of the system.
System Name : The name of the system.
Operating Mode : The mode currently in service.
Location : The reminding note on the geographical location of the system.
Description : The reminding note of the system.
Firmware Version : The current firmware version installed.
Firmware Date : The build time of the firmware installed.
Device Time : The current time of the system.
System Up Time : The time period that system has been in service since last reboot.
WAN Information : Display the information of the WAN interface.
The WAN port specified Dynamic IP, the Release and Renew button will be show-up, click Release button
to release IP address of WAN port, Renew button to renew IP address through DHCP server.
The WAN port specified PPPoE, and the Connect and DisConnect button will be show up. Click “Connect”
button to assigned IP address from PPPoE server, “DisConnect” button to release IP address of WAN port.
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Mode : Supports Static, Dynamic, and PPPoE modes.
Reconnect Mode : The current reconnect mode of the PPPoE.
MAC Address : The MAC address of the WAN port.
IP Address : The IP address of the WAN port.
IP Netmask : The IP netmask of the WAN port.
IP Gateway : The gateway IP address of the WAN port.
Primary DNS : The primary DNS server in service.
Secondary DNS : The secondary DNS server in service.
Receive bytes : The total received packets in bytes on the WAN port.
Receive packets : The total received packets of the WAN port.
Transmit bytes : The total transmitted packets in bytes of the WAN port.
Transmit packets : The total transmitted packets of the WAN port.
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CPE Wireless Information : Display the information of the Wireless interface.
ESSID : Display Extended Service Set ID of the wireless currently.
Security : Display security type of the wireless currently.
Status : Display connection status of the wireless currently.
If the system associate with AP, the BSSID, RSSI and Last Tx Time will be show up. Below depicts the
examples for associated AP of Wireless Information.
BSSID : Indicate the Basic Service Set ID of the associated AP
RSSI : Indicate the RSSI of the associated AP.
Last Tx Time : Indicate the last receive packet of the associated AP
LAN Information : Display total received and transmitted statistics on the LAN interface.
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MAC Address : The MAC address of the LAN port.
IP Address : The IP address of the LAN port.
IP Netmask : The IP netmask of the LAN port.
Receive bytes : The total received packets in bytes on the LAN port.
Receive packets : The total received packets of the LAN port.
Transmit bytes : The total transmitted packets in bytes of the LAN port.
Transmit packets : The total transmitted packets of the LAN port.
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5.4.2 DHCP Clients
Users could retrieve DHCP server and DHCP clients’ IP/MAC address via this page.
IP address : IP addresses to LAN devices by DHCP server.
MAC address : MAC addresses of LAN devices.
Expired In : Shows how long the leased IP address will expire.
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6. Command Line Interface(CLI)
Help, showinfo, pwinfo, set, reboot, default and password functions are available via Telnet session.
6.1 Accessing the CLI with Telnet
Follow these steps to access CLI via Telnet in the Windows XP:
Click Start -> Run, and type “cmd” in the “Run” field. The DOS command window appears.
Enter “telnet 192.168.10.100” to connect with system.
Enter username and password, which are root and root by default, in the Telnet session,
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6.2 Accessing the CLI with SSH Utility
Follow these steps to access CLI with SSH Utility (Putty) in Windows XP:
You could access CLI with SSH Utility. Below is an example using “PuTTY” utility, which is a freeware. Please
TRENDnet does not provide support and warranty for using this software.
Execute Putty.exe to prompt the “PuTTY Configuration“ window. Enter IP address 192.168.10.100 on the
“Host Name (or IP address)” field and select “SSH” on the “Connection type” field. Click “Open” button to
open SSH session
Enter username and password, which are root and root by default, in the SSH session.
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6.3 Using the CLI
After accessing the CLI, the administrator can use command on the system.
Using help command : Display all commands and descriptions
Using showinfo command : Display System and LAN informations
Using pwinfo command : Type pwinfo command, the Wireless Information Display Utility appears.
Choose Device : Select the desired wireless interface, ath0-ath7 or wds0- wds7
AP Mode : Display desired AP or WDS device(interface) from ath0 to ath7 or wds0 to wds7.
WDS Mode : Display desired WDS device(interface) from wds0 to wds7.
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CPE Mode : Display CPE device(Interface) ath0.
'Q'uit : Type Q to close this utility.
'W'ireless : Type W to open Choose Device window.
'S'ignal : Type S to open Peer MAC Address window. Type the desired MAC address of associated peer
to display.
Click Enter to show signal strength of associated peer. The unit is RSSI.
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Using : The used device of system currently.
Watching : The MAC address of specified peer currently.
Signal : Indicate signal strength of specified peer currently.
S'T'op-Signal : Type T to stop display signal strength.
'P'ing : Type P to open “Ping” window.
Destination : Enter IP address of destination.
Specify Packet Size : Enter packet size.
Flood Ping : Enter “-f” to flood and Space to not flood.
Click Enter to start PINGing.
Click” I” to stop, and display PING statistics.
Using set command : Type set command to change IP address, netmask , gateway and operating mode.
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Using reboot command : Restart the system
Using default command : Restore system default settings
Using password command : Change root password
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Appendix A. WEB GUI Valid Characters
Table A WEB GUI Valid Characters
Block
LAN
Field
Valid Characters
IP Address
IP Format; 1-254
IP Netmask
IP Gateway
Primary
128.0.0.0 ~ 255.255.255.252
IP Format; 1-254
IP Format; 1-254
Secondary
Hostname
IP Format; 1-254
Length : 32
0-9, A-Z, a-z
@ - _ .
WAN
Manual MAC Address
IP Address
12 HEX chars
IP Format; 1-254
IP Netmask
128.0.0.0 ~ 255.255.255.255
IP Format; 1-254
IP Gateway
Hostname
Length : 32
0-9, A-Z, a-z
@ - _ .
User name
Password
Length : 32
0-9, A-Z, a-z
~ ! @ # $ % ^ * ( ) _ + - { } | : < > ? [ ] / ; ` , . =
MTU
576 ~ 1492
Idle Time
Primary
0 ~ 60 minutes
IP Format; 1-254
IP Format; 1-254
Secondary
Hostname
DDNS
Length : 32
0-9, A-Z, a-z
@ - _ .
User Name
Password
Length : 32
0-9, A-Z, a-z
~ ! @ # $ % ^ * ( ) _ + - { } | : < > ? [ ] / ; ` , . =
DHCP Server
Start IP
IP Format; 1-254
IP Format; 1-254
IP Format; 1-254
IP Format; 1-254
End IP
DNS1 IP / DNS2 IP
WINS IP
Domain
Length : 32
0-9, A-Z, a-z
~ ! @ # $ % ^ * ( ) _ + - { } | : < > ? [ ] / ; ` , . =
Lease Time
600 ~ 99999999 Seconds
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Block
Field
Valid Characters
Management
System Name
Length : 32
0-9, A-Z, a-z
Space
~ ! @ # $ % ^ * ( ) _ + - { } | : < > ? [ ] / ; ` , . =
Description
Location
Length : 40
0-9, A-Z, a-z
Space
~ ! @ # $ % ^ * ( ) _ + - { } | : < > ? [ ] / ; ` , . =
Length : 32
0-9, A-Z, a-z
Space
~ ! @ # $ % ^ * ( ) _ + - { } | : < > ? [ ] / ; ` , . =
New Password
Length : 4 ~ 30
0-9, A-Z, a-z
~ ! @ # $ % ^ * ( ) _ + - { } | : < > ? [ ] / ; ` , . =
Check New Password
Length : 4 ~ 30
0-9, A-Z, a-z
~ ! @ # $ % ^ * ( ) _ + - { } | : < > ? [ ] / ; ` , . =
HTTP Port
HTTPS Port
Telnet Port
1 ~ 65535
1 ~ 65535
1 ~ 65535
1 ~ 65535
SSH Port
SNMP
RO community
Length : 32
0-9, A-Z, a-z
~ ! @ # $ % ^ * ( ) _ + - { } | : < > ? [ ] ; ` , . =
RW community
RO user
Length : 32
0-9, A-Z, a-z
~ ! @ # $ % ^ * ( ) _ + - { } | : < > ? [ ] ; ` , . =
Length : 31
0-9, A-Z, a-z
~ ! @ # $ % ^ * ( ) _ + - { } | : < > ? [ ] ; ` , . =
RO password
RW user
Length : 8 ~ 32
0-9, A-Z, a-z
~ ! @ # $ % ^ * ( ) _ + - { } | : < > ? [ ] ; ` , . =
Length : 31
0-9, A-Z, a-z
~ ! @ # $ % ^ * ( ) _ + - { } | : < > ? [ ] ; ` , . =
RW password
Community
IP
Length : 8 ~ 32
0-9, A-Z, a-z
~ ! @ # $ % ^ * ( ) _ + - { } | : < > ? [ ] ; ` , . =
Length : 32
0-9, A-Z, a-z
~ ! @ # $ % ^ * ( ) _ + - { } | : < > ? [ ] ; ` , . =
IP Format; 1-254
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Block
Field
Valid Characters
General Setup
(CPE Mode)
ESSID
Length : 31
0-9, A-Z, a-z
~ ! @ # $ % ^ * ( ) _ + - { } | : < > ? [ ] / ; ` , . =
WEP Key
10, 26, 32 HEX chars
Pre-shared Key
Slot Time
8 ~ 63 ASCII chars; 64 HEX chars
1 ~ 1489
Advanced Setup
ACK Time
1 ~ 372
CTS Time
1 ~ 744
RSSI Threshold
Beacon Interval
DTIM Interval
Fragment Threshold
-128 ~ 127
1 ~ 5000
1 ~ 15
256 ~ 2346
RTS Threshold
Slot Time
1 ~ 2346
1 ~ 1489
Advanced Setup
(CPE Mode)
ACK Time
1 ~ 372
CTS Time
1 ~ 744
Fragment Threshold
256 ~ 2346
1 ~ 2346
RTS Threshold
ESSID
Virtual AP Setup
Length : 31
0-9, A-Z, a-z
~ ! @ # $ % ^ * ( ) _ + - { } | : < > ? [ ] / ; ` , . =
Maximum Clients
VLAN ID
1 ~ 32
0 ~ 4094
WEP Key
10, 26, 32 HEX chars; 5, 13, 16 ASCII chars
10 ~ 99999999 seconds; default is 600
10 ~ 99999999 seconds; default is 83400
8 ~ 63 ASCII chars; 64 HEX chars
IP Format; 1-254
Group Key Update
Master Key Update
Pre-Shared Key
Authentication Server
Authentication Port
Shared Secret
1 ~ 65535
1 ~ 64 characters
EAP Reauth Period
Accounting Server
Accounting Port
300 ~ 99999999; default is 3600, 0 is disable
IP Format; 1-254
1 ~ 65535
WEP Key Update
Field
0 ~ 99999999 ; default is 300, 0 is disable
Valid Characters
Block
WDS Setup
Peer's MAC Address
12 HEX chars
VLAN ID
0 ~ 4094 ; Space is disable
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Block
Field
Valid Characters
Description
Length : 32
0-9, A-Z, a-z
Space
~ ! @ # $ % ^ * ( ) _ + - { } | : < > ? [ ] / ; ` , . =
WEP Key
10, 26, 32 HEX chars
AES Key
32 HEX chars
IP Filter
Source Address
IP Format; 1-254
Source Mask
0 ~ 32
Source Port
1 ~ 65535
IP Format; 1-254
0 ~ 32
Destination Address
Destination Mask
Destination Port
MAC address
Description
1 ~ 65535
MAC Filter
MAC Format; 12 HEX chars
Virtual Server
Length : 32
0-9, A-Z, a-z
space
~ ! @ # $ % ^ * ( ) _ + - { } | : < > ? [ ] / ; ` , . =
Private IP
IP Formate; 1-254
1 ~ 65535
Private Port
Public Port
IP Address
1 ~ 65535
DMZ
IP Format; 1-254
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Appendix B. Network manager Privileges
There are two system management accounts for maintaining the system; namely, the root and admin accounts are with different
levels of privileges. The root manager account is empowered with full privilege to Read & Write while the admin manager account is
Read only.
The following table display CPE admin account’s privileges.
Main Menu
System
Sub Menu
Group
Admin Privilege
Operating Mode
WAN
Read
Read
LAN
Read & Write
Read & Write
Read & Write
Read
DDNS Setup
Time
SNMP Setup
UPNP
Read & Write
General
Advanced
Site Survey
Read
Read
Read
Wireless
Advance
DMZ
Read
Read
Read
Read
IP Filter
MAC Filter
Virtual Server
System Information
Root Password
Read
Read
Management
Admin Password
Login Methods
Read & Write
Read
Read & Write
Read
Backup Settings
Restore Settings
Reset to Default
Administrator
Profile Settings
Read
System Upgrade
Network Utility
Reboot
Read
Read & Write
Read & Write
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Appendix C. Enabling UPnP in Windows XP
1. Open the “Add/Remove Programs” control panel, and then click on “Add/Remove Windows Components” in the sidebar. Scroll
down and find “Networking Services”, highlight it, and then click Details.
2. In the “Networking Services” window, ensure “Internet Gateway Device” and “UPnP User Interface” options are checked. If
they are not, check to enable them, as shown below, and click Ok to continue.
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3. Next, in the “Control panel”, open the “Administrative Tools” and then open “Services”. Scroll down until you find the “SSDP
Discovery Interface”. If the Status is not Started, double-click on SSDP Discovery Interface to open the service properties.
Change the startup type to Automatic, then close the properties. Now, right-click on SSDP Discovery Services, and choose Start
from the pop-up menu. The SSDP Discovery Service will then be running and start each time you boot.
4. After enabling UPnP and starting the SSDP Discovery Service, it may take few minutes for the TEW-455APBO to be discovered
and appear in your “My Network Places”.
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Limited Warranty
TRENDnet warrants its products against defects in material and workmanship, under normal use and service,
for the following lengths of time from the date of purchase.
TEW-455APBO – 3 Years Warranty
AC/DC Power Adapter, Cooling Fan, and Power Supply carry 1 year warranty.
If a product does not operate as warranted during the applicable warranty period, TRENDnet shall reserve the
right, at its expense, to repair or replace the defective product or part and deliver an equivalent product or
part to the customer. The repair/replacement unit’s warranty continues from the original date of purchase. All
products that are replaced become the property of TRENDnet. Replacement products may be new or
reconditioned. TRENDnet does not issue refunds or credit. Please contact the point-of-purchase for their
return policies.
TRENDnet shall not be responsible for any software, firmware, information, or memory data of customer
contained in, stored on, or integrated with any products returned to TRENDnet pursuant to any warranty.
There are no user serviceable parts inside the product. Do not remove or attempt to service the product by
any unauthorized service center. This warranty is voided if (i) the product has been modified or repaired by
any unauthorized service center, (ii) the product was subject to accident, abuse, or improper use (iii) the
product was subject to conditions more severe than those specified in the manual.
Warranty service may be obtained by contacting TRENDnet within the applicable warranty period and
providing a copy of the dated proof of the purchase. Upon proper submission of required documentation a
Return Material Authorization (RMA) number will be issued. An RMA number is required in order to initiate
warranty service support for all TRENDnet products. Products that are sent to TRENDnet for RMA service must
have the RMA number marked on the outside of return packages and sent to TRENDnet prepaid, insured and
packaged appropriately for safe shipment. Customers shipping from outside of the USA and Canada are
responsible for return shipping fees. Customers shipping from outside of the USA are responsible for custom
charges, including but not limited to, duty, tax, and other fees.
WARRANTIES EXCLUSIVE: IF THE TRENDNET PRODUCT DOES NOT OPERATE AS WARRANTED ABOVE, THE
CUSTOMER’S SOLE REMEDY SHALL BE, AT TRENDNET’S OPTION, REPAIR OR REPLACE. THE FOREGOING
WARRANTIES AND REMEDIES ARE EXCLUSIVE AND ARE IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED OR
IMPLIED, EITHER IN FACT OR BY OPERATION OF LAW, STATUTORY OR OTHERWISE, INCLUDING WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. TRENDNET NEITHER ASSUMES NOR
AUTHORIZES ANY OTHER PERSON TO ASSUME FOR IT ANY OTHER LIABILITY IN CONNECTION WITH THE SALE,
INSTALLATION MAINTENANCE OR USE OF TRENDNET’S PRODUCTS.
TRENDNET SHALL NOT BE LIABLE UNDER THIS WARRANTY IF ITS TESTING AND EXAMINATION DISCLOSE THAT
THE ALLEGED DEFECT IN THE PRODUCT DOES NOT EXIST OR WAS CAUSED BY CUSTOMER’S OR ANY THIRD
PERSON’S MISUSE, NEGLECT, IMPROPER INSTALLATION OR TESTING, UNAUTHORIZED ATTEMPTS TO REPAIR OR
MODIFY, OR ANY OTHER CAUSE BEYOND THE RANGE OF THE INTENDED USE, OR BY ACCIDENT, FIRE,
LIGHTNING, OR OTHER HAZARD.
LIMITATION OF LIABILITY: TO THE FULL EXTENT ALLOWED BY LAW TRENDNET ALSO EXCLUDES FOR ITSELF AND
ITS SUPPLIERS ANY LIABILITY, WHETHER BASED IN CONTRACT OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE), FOR
INCIDENTAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, OR PUNITIVE DAMAGES OF ANY KIND, OR FOR LOSS OF
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REVENUE OR PROFITS, LOSS OF BUSINESS, LOSS OF INFORMATION OR DATE, OR OTHER FINANCIAL LOSS
ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SALE, INSTALLATION, MAINTENANCE, USE, PERFORMANCE,
FAILURE, OR INTERRUPTION OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES, AND LIMITS ITS LIABILITY TO REPAIR,
REPLACEMENT, OR REFUND OF THE PURCHASE PRICE PAID, AT TRENDNET’S OPTION. THIS DISCLAIMER OF
LIABILITY FOR DAMAGES WILL NOT BE AFFECTED IF ANY REMEDY PROVIDED HEREIN SHALL FAIL OF ITS
ESSENTIAL PURPOSE.
Governing Law: This Limited Warranty shall be governed by the laws of the state of California.
Some TRENDnet products include software code written by third party developers. These codes are subject to
the GNU General Public License ("GPL") or GNU Lesser General Public License ("LGPL").
Go to http://www.trendnet.com/gpl or http://www.trendnet.com Download section and look for the desired
TRENDnet product to access to the GPL Code or LGPL Code. These codes are distributed WITHOUT WARRANTY
and are subject to the copyrights of the developers. TRENDnet does not provide technical support for these
codes. Please go to http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.txt or http://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl.txt for specific
terms of each license.
PWP05202009v2
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