M
-AUDIO
Oxygen Series
User Guide
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Oxygen Series
User Guide 3
3 Oxygen Series Features
25, 49 or 61 velocity sensitive full-size keys
Automatic mapping of top panel controls to supported DAWs
Advanced programming functions via the keyboard
Octave/Transpose buttons
2 Track Select buttons
9 sliders (1 on Oxygen 25); MIDI re-assignable
9 buttons (Oxygen 49/61 only); MIDI re-assignable
8 knobs; MIDI re-assignable
Pitch Bend and Modulation wheels; MIDI re-assignable
6 Transport Buttons; MIDI re-assignable
Sustain pedal input; MIDI re-assignable
10 user editable memory locations
3 digit LED screen
USB 2.0 port (backward compatible with USB 1.1)
4 Minimum System Requirements
Minimum system requirements can be found on the Oxygen Series product packaging as well as the M-Audio website
5 Setup
Oxygen Series keyboards function as class-compliant devices and will be recognized by your computer without the
need to install additional drivers. Simply use the included USB cable to connect the keyboard to an available USB port
on your computer and set the power switch to the On position.
Windows users, who are planning to:
• use the keyboard with more than one application at the same time
or
• simultaneously use other class-compliant USB devices with audio capabilities
...must install the latest Oxygen Series drivers found at the M-Audio website
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Oxygen Series
User Guide 4
Windows XP and Windows Vista Installation Instructions
NOTE: Make sure your Oxygen keyboard is not connected to the computer when beginning the installation. The
following instructions will indicate when you should connect it to your computer.
1. Install the Oxygen Series drivers by doing one of the following:
Download the latest Oxygen Series drivers from the Support > Drivers page at www.m-audio.com. Once
you have saved the installer to your computer, double-click the file to start the installation process.
Select Oxygen Series from the menu and click "Install."
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1
2. Follow the driver installer’s on-screen instructions. At various points in this installation process, you may be
notified that the driver being installed has not passed Windows Logo Testing, or asked whether the program
you wish to run is a trusted application. Click "Continue Anyway"
(Windows XP) or "Install"
(Windows
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3
Vista) to proceed with the installation.
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2
3. Once the installer has completed, click "Finish."
4. Connect your Oxygen Keyboard to an available USB port on your computer. If you are using Windows Vista,
your Oxygen keyboard is now ready to use. If you are using Windows XP, proceed with steps 5-8.
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Oxygen Series
User Guide 5
5. Windows XP will identify the keyboard and ask if you want to search the Internet for a driver. Select "No, not
this time"and press "Next."
4
6. Windows XP will display a Found New Hardware Wizard dialog. Choose "Install the software automatically"
and click "Next."
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4
5
7. Once the Wizard has completed, click "Finish."If you are presented with another Found New Hardware
Wizard dialog, repeat steps 5-7.
8. When the installation is complete, you will see a message stating "Your new hardware is installed and ready to
use."
Mac OS X Installation Instructions
The class-compliant drivers built into Mac OS X provide full support for all features of Oxygen series keyboards. This
means that no additional M-Audio drivers are necessary (or available) when using your Oxygen keyboard on Mac OS X
- simply connect the controller keyboard to the computer using the supplied USB cable, configure your recording
software and start making music.
Host Software Configuration
When using an Oxygen series keyboard 2, you may need to configure your music software to receive MIDI data. This
process varies from one application to another, but is usually done through a "Preferences," "Setup,"or "Options"
menu. Please refer to the documentation for your DAW software to learn how to do this.
Because Oxygen Series keyboards do not contain built-in sounds, pressing a key will only send MIDI data to the
computer, giving instructions on when and how a note should play. A virtual instrument loaded onto a track of your
DAW software then creates the sound, based on the instructions received from your Oxygen keyboard. Please refer to
the documentation for your DAW software for more details on using virtual instruments.
2 In Windows XP, the Oxygen MIDI ports will appear as "USB Audio Device"for all models. Install the M-Audio
above.
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Oxygen Series
User Guide 3
6 DirectLink / DAW Support
DirectLink automatically maps the track volume and master sliders, slider buttons (mute/solo), pan knobs and transport
controls to their corresponding functions in supported recording applications 3 such as Pro Tools 8.
Installation
In order to use DirectLink, you must first install the DirectLink support files for your DAW software. Check
installer for the DAW software you use. Once the download has finished, close your DAW software (if it is running),
then double-click the downloaded file and follow the onscreen instructions.
1. Close the DAW application if it is currently running
2. Download and save the DirectLink installation program for your DAW
3. Locate the downloaded file, and double-click on its icon to launch the installer
4. Save or print the configuration instructions contained in the installation program
5. Follow all on-screen instructions and prompts
DAW Configuration
Once the DirectLink files have been installed, you must configure your DAW software for use with DirectLink. The
configuration procedure varies between different applications. Please print and follow the configuration steps contained
within the DirectLink installer. Pro Tools 8 users can use the configuration instructions listed below.
DirectLink Configuration for Pro Tools 8:
(For DAW applications other than Pro Tools, please check the configuration instructions contained in the DirectLink
installer, available for download from www.m-audio.com).
1. Launch Pro Tools
2. Select "Peripherals"from the Setup menu
3. Select the "MIDI Controllers"tab from the window that appears
4. Click the first "Type"drop-down menu and select "M-Audio Keyboard"
5. Click the first "Receive From"drop-down menu and select the "Oxygen 49 In"port 3
6. Click the first "Send To"drop-down menu and select the "Oxygen 49 Out"port 3
7. Make sure that "8"is selected in the "# Ch's"drop-down menu and click "OK"to close the window
Load Preset 10 (DirectLink Preset) on your Oxygen keyboard:
1. Press the Select button until the lower edge of the LED display shows a red dot above "PRESETS"
2. Scroll through the Preset numbers using the "-"or "+"buttons until the LED display shows "P10."
Applications not currently supported by DirectLink:
Most DAW applications that are not directly supported by DirectLink allow mapping of
the Oxygen top panel controls by using the software’s MIDI Learn function. Refer to the
documentation provided with the DAW software for more information about its MIDI learn
capabilities.
If your software does not support DirectLink or MIDI learn, it may be possible to control it
manually by assigning the buttons, knobs and sliders of your Oxygen keyboard to the
MIDI CC numbers for various software parameters.
For further information, please refer to Section 8 - Advanced Keyboard Functions, and
Section 9 - Advanced Programming Functions.
3
These MIDI port names will display the number of keys, based on the Oxygen Series model you use: 25, 49 or 61.
In Windows XP, the Oxygen MIDI ports will appear as "USB Audio Device"for all models. Install the M-Audio
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Oxygen Series
User Guide 3
7 Controls and Connectors
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
2
1
11
About DirectLink:
Once installed and configured, DirectLink automatically maps many of the top panel
controls of Oxygen Series keyboards to their corresponding functions in supported
recording applications.
Where applicable, the following section will explain both, the operation of these
controls when using DirectLink, as well as their default MIDI assignments.
Top Panel
1. Pitch Bend Wheel:
This wheel creates expressive changes in performances by raising and lowering pitch. Rolling the Pitch Bend
wheel upward will raise an instrument’s pitch whereas rolling it downward will lower the pitch. The upper and lower
pitch bend limit is determined by settings on your hardware or software synthesizer, not by the Pitch Bend wheel on
the Oxygen Series keyboard itself. Typically, this can be either a half note or an octave up/down. This wheel is
spring mounted and will return to the center detente position when released.
The Pitch Bend wheel is an assignable controller capable of sending a variety of MIDI messages other than pitch
bend data. See Appendix A for a list of parameters the Pitch Bend wheel can be assigned to.
2. Modulation Wheel:
This wheel is used to add expression to performances by changing the intensity of certain effects. By default, most
synthesizers assign this wheel to control vibrato (change in intonation) or tremolo (change in volume) although it is
usually possible to reassign the function of this wheel through the instrument’s control panel.
Rolling the Modulation Wheel upward will increase the modulation effect, while rolling downward will reduce the
effect.
The Modulation Wheel is an assignable controller capable of sending a variety of MIDI messages other than
Modulation data. See Appendix A for a list of parameters the Modulation wheel can be assigned to.
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Oxygen Series
User Guide 4
3. Track Buttons:
DirectLink Operation:
The left Track button (<) selects the previous Track in supported DAW applications. For example if Track 2 is
currently selected, pressing this button will select Track 1 in the application.
The right Track button (>) selects the next Track in supported DAW applications. For example if Track 2 is
currently selected, pressing this button will select Track 3 in the application.
These buttons also allow the selection of tracks outside the currently active bank of 8 sequencer tracks. For
example, if track 8 is currently selected and the > track button is pressed, track 9 will be selected. The track
sliders and their corresponding buttons will now control Tracks 9 - 16.
Standard Operation:
The left Track button sends MIDI CC 14, while the right Track button sends MIDI CC 15. These buttons are not
re-assignable to other MIDI parameters. Use the recording program’s "MIDI Learn"function (if available) to
assign these buttons to software functions as desired. Refer to the manual provided with your DAW software
for more information about its MIDI Learn capabilities.
4. Octave / Transpose Buttons:
The Octave buttons are used to shift the keyboard up or down in one octave increments, to extend the range of
playable notes. The Right button (>) shifts upward (note F3 becomes F4), while the Left button (<) shifts downward
(note F3 becomes F2).
Transpose is the secondary function of these two buttons and can be accessed by pressing both buttons
simultaneously. In this mode, pressing the Right button shifts the keyboard upward by one half-step (semi tone).
As a result, note F3 becomes F#3. Pressing the Left button shifts the keyboard downward by one half-step
(F3 becomes E3).
5. LED Screen:
All Oxygen Series keyboards feature a 3 digit LED display providing visual information regarding current operation,
programing and controller status.
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Oxygen Series
User Guide 5
6. Function Buttons:
All Oxygen Series keyboards feature 5 function buttons for programming, access to settings and advanced
features as outlined below.
Advanced
The Advanced button allows access to the extended parameters listed along the top edge of the keyboard.
When the Advanced button is pressed, the LED screen shows three dots along the bottom of the display,
indicating that the keyboard is in Advanced mode. Please refer to Section 8 - Advanced Keyboard Functions
and Section 9 - Advanced Programming Functions for more information on how this function is used.
Mute
When the Mute button is activated, the Knobs and Sliders will not transmit MIDI data and the LED screen will
display "OFF"while adjusting them. This allows changes to Slider and Knob positions without affecting the
settings of connected MIDI devices or applications.
As shown in the following example, the Mute function can be used to prevent "jumps"caused by differences
between the physical positions of sliders and knobs on an Oxygen keyboard, and the expected values of the
corresponding software parameters:
When loading a new sound patch for a virtual instrument in your DAW software, its settings will likely not match
the current positions of the knobs on the Oxygen keyboard and will be "out-of-sync"with what the virtual
instrument is expecting. In other words, an Oxygen Knob may be set to 64 (center position) while the sound
patch expects this value to be at zero (all the way to the left). This may cause this synthesizer setting to jump or
"snap"from zero to 64 when the Oxygen Knob is adjusted, which can be a jarring experience if the knob is
controlling a parameter like Master Volume or Filter.
These value jumps can be prevented by first pressing the Mute button, and then setting the Knobs and Sliders
to their expected positions before using them with a new sound patch. Press the Mute button a second time to
exit Mute mode.
NOTE: The Mute function does not affect the buttons, keys or the sustain pedal and pressing any of them
automatically cancels Mute mode.
Snapshot (Advanced & Mute)
Pressing the Advanced and Mute buttons at the same time activates the Snapshot function. The LED screen
momentarily shows "S-S"and the Oxygen keyboard immediately sends the current values of all knobs and
sliders. This feature can be used to simultaneously change multiple parameters within the software you are
controlling to match the settings on your Oxygen keyboard.
Select
The Select button assigns the "-"and "+"buttons to one of three parameters as indicated by a dot along the
lower edge of the LED display:
GLOBAL; The - / + buttons set the global MIDI channel.
PGM (program); The - / + buttons transmit program change messages.
PRESETS; The - / + buttons step through and load Oxygen presets from its 10 memory locations.
"-" and "+" Buttons
These buttons are used in combination with the Select button, to decrease (-) or increase (+) the
value of the currently active function or parameter (Global MIDI channel, Program Change, Preset
Number).
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Oxygen Series
User Guide 6
7. Sliders:
Oxygen 49 and 61 feature nine Sliders. Oxygen 25 features one Slider.
DirectLink Operation:
Oxygen 49 and 61: The first eight sliders automatically map to control the track volume for the currently
selected bank of eight tracks in a supported DAW application. The right-most Slider (C9) maps to the master
volume fader of a supported DAW application.
Oxygen 25: The single slider will map to the master volume fader of a supported DAW.
Standard Operation:
These sliders send different types of standard MIDI CC messages or advanced MIDI messages (see Appendix
B), based on the parameter they are assigned to, or the active preset. Each slider can be mapped to control
various parameters in your DAW by using your recording application’s MIDI Learn function (if available – check
the user documentation for your DAW), or assigning the slider manually as described in Section 9 - Advanced
Programming Functions.
8. Slider Buttons:
Oxygen 49 and 61 feature nine Slider Buttons. 4
DirectLink Operation:
The first eight buttons map to the currently active bank of eight tracks within supported DAW applications. By
default, pressing a Slider button will mute the corresponding DAW track. Pressing and holding the right-most
Button (C26) places all other Slider buttons in Solo mode. While the right-most button is held down, pressing
another Slider button will solo the corresponding DAW track.
When using Pro Tools 8, the right-most Slider button (C26) also allows using the eight Oxygen control knobs to
adjust either the left, or the right pan knobs of Pro Tools stereo tracks (only available on Oxygen 49 and 61). By
default, the Oxygen knobs control the left pan knobs of stereo tracks. While the right-most button is held down,
the Oxygen knobs control the right pan knobs of Pro Tools stereo tracks.
Standard Operation:
These buttons send different types of standard MIDI CC, MIDI note or other advanced MIDI messages (see
Appendix B), based on the parameter they are assigned to, or the active preset. Each button can be mapped to
control various parameters in your DAW by using your recording software’s MIDI Learn function (if available –
check the user documentation for your DAW), or assigning the Oxygen controls manually as described in
Section 9 - Advanced Programming Functions.
4 Not available on Oxygen 25
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Oxygen Series
User Guide 7
9. Knobs:
All Oxygen Series keyboards feature 8 MIDI Control Knobs.
DirectLink Operation:
Oxygen 49 and 61: These knobs map to control the panorama or balance setting for the currently active bank
of eight tracks in a supported DAW application. When working with stereo tracks in Pro Tools 8, pressing the
right-most Slider button (C26) will select either the left or right pan control.
Oxygen 25: These knobs map to control the track volume for the currently active bank of eight tracks in a
supported DAW application.
Pro Tools 8 users can place the 8 control knobs into Instrument mode by quickly pressing the Loop button. In
this mode, the 8 control knobs automatically map to 8 parameters on the active Instrument or Effect Plug-In.
The Instrument mode parameter mapping can be customized by clicking the "learn"button in the upper right
corner of the Plug-In. Please check the Pro Tools 8 documentation for more details.
Standard Operation:
These knobs send different types of standard MIDI CC messages or advanced MIDI messages (see Appendix
B), based on the parameter they are assigned to, or the active preset. Each knob can be mapped to control
various parameters in your DAW by using your recording application’s MIDI Learn function (if available – check
the user documentation for your DAW), or assigning the Oxygen knobs manually as described in Section 9 -
Advanced Programming Functions.
10. Transport Buttons:
All Oxygen Series keyboards feature 6 Transport Buttons.
DirectLink Operation:
These buttons map to the Transport Buttons in supported DAW applications to control playback, record, start/
stop, fast forward and rewind, as well as enabling (or disabling) of the loop function.
Pro Tools 8 users can access additional functions via the Loop button:
a.Holding the Loop button while pressing one of the other Transport Control buttons gives access to
additional Pro Tools transport functions. See Appendix D for more details.
b.Quickly pressing the Loop button toggles the control knobs on your Oxygen keyboard between Instrument
Mode and Mixer mode.
• Mixer mode (default):, The 8 knobs control their corresponding tracks’ pan or balance settings.
• Instrument Mode: The control knobs automatically map to 8 parameters on the active Instrument or
Effect Plug-In. The Instrument mode parameter mapping can be customized by clicking the "learn"
button in the upper right corner of the Plug-In. Please check the Pro Tools 8 documentation for more
details.
Standard Operation:
These buttons send standard MIDI CC, MIDI note, MMC (MIDI Machine Control) or other advanced MIDI
messages (see Appendix B), based on the parameter they are assigned to, or the active preset. Each button
can be reassigned to control various parameters in your DAW, including the transport controls, by using your
recording application’s MIDI Learn function (if available – check the user documentation for your DAW), or
assigning the Oxygen controls manually as described in Section 9 - Advanced Programming Functions.
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Oxygen Series
User Guide 8
11. Velocity-sensitive Keyboard:
The velocity sensitive keyboard is not only the primary method of sending Note On/ Off and Velocity data when
performing, it is also used to access extended programing functions listed along its upper edge.
Please refer to Section 8 - Advanced Keyboard Functions and Section 9 - Advanced Programming Functions for
more information on the extended keyboard functions and how to use them for programming.
Back Panel
15
14
13
12
12. Kensington® Lock Connector:
This connector is compatible with standard laptop-style Kensington® security cables for theft protection.
13. On/Off Switch:
Use this switch to power the device on or off. When this switch is set to the on position, Oxygen is powered through
the USB connection to your computer.
14. Sustain Pedal Input:
This socket accepts a momentary-contact foot pedal (not included). When pressed, this pedal will sustain the
sound you are playing without having to keep your fingers pressing down the keys.
NOTE: The polarity of the sustain pedal is determined by the keyboard upon startup. When an Oxygen
keyboard is powering up, the sustain pedal is assumed to be in the "up"(Off) position. It is important that the
sustain pedal is not pressed during startup, otherwise the pedal will reverse its operation, and notes will sustain
when the pedal is not pressed.
15. USB Port:
The USB 2.0 port (backward compatible with USB 1.1) delivers power to the keyboard and transmits MIDI data
when connected to a computer.
Oxygen
Computer
Sustain Pedal
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Oxygen Series
User Guide 3
8 Advanced Keyboard Functions
Oxygen Series keyboards include extended programming capabilities through secondary functions of the keys. The
available parameters are listed along the top edge of the keyboard, and accessed by pressing the Advanced button.
The LED screen shows the numerical value of the parameter being edited.
Oxygen 25
Oxygen 49/61
Cancel (Oxygen 49 and 61 only)
Pressing the Cancel key will exit advanced mode, discarding all changes. Alternatively, pressing the Advanced button
a second time will yield the same result.
Oxygen 25 does not feature a dedicated Cancel key. Press the Advanced button a second time to cancel all changes
and exit Advanced mode.
NOTE: The Panic, Drawbar and Memory Dump functions take immediate effect and cannot be cancelled once the
corresponding key has been pressed.
Control Select
The Control Select function (CTRL SEL) is used to select a MIDI control (a Knob, Button, Slider or the Sustain Pedal
jack) for editing.
NOTE: Every control is labeled with a unique number, such as C1, C2, etc. It is not necessary (or possible) to enter
the letter C when following the editing examples below.
1. Press the Advanced button
2. Press the Control Select key
3. Enter the control's ID number using the number keys
4. Press the Enter key to confirm
- or -
Move or press the control to be programmed, before or after pressing the Advanced button.
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Oxygen Series
User Guide 4
Control Assign, Data 1, Data 2, Data 3
The Control Assign function (CTRL ASGN) assigns a MIDI continuous control number (MIDI CC), or other MIDI
parameter from the table in Appendix B to the selected Knob, Button, Slider, or to the Sustain Pedal jack. The Data 1,
Data 2, and Data 3 keys define various related aspects of the parameter or function assigned to a control.
For example, it is possible to configure a Button to send MIDI note On/Off Data by assigning it to controller number
147. The Data 1 key is used to specify the pitch (or note number) of the MIDI note for the button (see Appendix C). The
Data 2 key is used to set the Note Off velocity (Velocity Off), and the Data 3 key is used to set the Note On velocity
(Velocity On), determining how loud the note will sound.
Please refer to Section 9 - Advanced Programming Functions, for more details and step-by-step control assignment
examples for different purposes.
Channel Assign
The Channel Assign function (CHAN ASGN) assigns a Knob, Slider, Button or the Sustain Pedal jack to a specific MIDI
channel.
1. Select the control as described earlier in this guide.
2. Press the Advanced button
3. Press the Channel Assign key - the LED display will show the currently assigned MIDI channel for the active
control (for example "c.0.2.")
4. Enter the new MIDI channel number using the number keys
5. Press the Enter key
When assigned to channel "0", the control (Knob, Slider, Button or Sustain Pedal jack) will transmit on the Global MIDI
Channel. See the next section, "Global Channel"for more information.
NOTE: When a control is assigned to send SysEx messages, the displayed number represents the SysEx Device ID
instead of the MIDI transmit channel number. Please refer to Section 10 - MIDI Messages Defined for more
information about SysEx messages, and Appendix B for a complete list of assignable SysEx messages.
Global Channel
The Global Channel function (GLOBAL CHAN) sets the default MIDI channel for the keyboard and all MIDI controls,
except for those that have a specific MIDI channel assigned to them.
1. Press the Advanced button
2. Press the Global Channel key - The LED display will show the current Global channel. For example if channel 1
is the current Global channel, it will appear as "c.0.1."
3. Enter the new channel number using the number keys
4. Press the Enter key
The Global Channel can also be changed by using the following method:
1. Press the Select button until the lower edge of the LED displays a red dot above "GLOBAL"
2. Scroll through the MIDI channels using the "-"or "+"buttons to select the new channel number
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Oxygen Series
User Guide 5
Program
This function sends Program Change MIDI messages on the Global Channel and can be used to select different sound
patches contained within your virtual instrument or sound module.
1
Press the Advanced Function button
2. Press the Program key - the LED display will show the last sent program number (for example ".0.1.")
3. Enter the Program number
4. Press the Enter key to send the program change message
Program change messages can also be sent using the following method:
1. Press the Select button until the lower edge of the LED shows a red dot above "PGM"
2. Scroll through the Program numbers using the "-"or "+"buttons.
Bank LSB
The Bank LSB function sends bank change messages on the Global MIDI channel. These messages are used to
access additional banks of sound patches on virtual instruments or sound modules (if additional banks are available).
Refer to the documentation for the virtual instrument or synthesizer to confirm it will respond to these messages.
1. Press the Advanced button
2. Press the Bank LSB key - the LED display will show the last sent Bank LSB number (for example ".0.1.")
3. Enter the new Bank LSB number using the number keys
4. Press the Enter key
NOTE: Bank LSB messages will not have any effect until they are followed by a Program Change message. See
Section 10 - MIDI Messages Defined for more information.
Bank MSB
The Bank MSB function sends bank change messages on the Global MIDI channel. These messages are used to
access additional banks of sound patches on virtual instruments or sound modules (if additional banks are available).
Refer to the documentation for the virtual instrument or synthesizer to confirm it will respond to these messages.
1. Press the Advanced button
2. Press the Bank MSB key - the LED display will show the last sent Bank MSB number (for example ".0.1.")
3. Enter the new Bank MSB number using the number keys
4. Press the Enter key
NOTE: Bank MSB messages will not have any effect until they are followed by a Program Change message. See
section 10, MIDI Messages Defined for more information.
Panic
Press the Advanced button followed by the Panic key to send an "All Notes Off"message on all 16 MIDI channels. This
stops any stuck notes that continue to play even after their keys have been released.
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Oxygen Series
User Guide 6
Velocity Curve
The Velocity Curve Select key (VEL CURVE) is used to change the touch sensitivity of the keyboard. This setting lets
you decide how the force with which you hit a key affects the volume at which a note plays. Oxygen Series keyboards
provide 7 different sensitivity options:
1 = C1 is a sensitivity setting that generates lower velocity values for the same force. This setting is useful for playing
more quietly, even if you tend to strike the keys harder.
2 = C2 is the default setting, and is designed to be useful for most players with an "average"touch (people who play
with an average amount of force).
3 = C3 is a sensitivity setting that generates higher velocity values for the same force. This setting is useful for
playing more loudly, even if you tend to strike the keys with less force.
4 = C4 is a sensitivity setting that generates an equal velocity value for a given amount of force, resulting in a linear
(or neutral) keyboard response.
5 = F1 is a setting that effectively disables sensitivity, meaning the keyboard will generate a fixed velocity value of 64
(on a scale of 0-127) regardless of how hard or soft the keys are struck.
6 = F2 is a setting that effectively disables sensitivity, meaning the keyboard will generate a fixed velocity value of
100 (on a scale of 0-127) regardless of how hard or soft the keys are struck.
7 = F3 is a setting that effectively disables sensitivity, meaning the keyboard will generate a fixed velocity value of
127 (on a scale of 0-127) regardless of how hard or soft the keys are struck.
When a new Velocity Curve is selected using either method described below, the LED screen will show the first 4
Velocity curves as C1 - C4, and the three fixed velocity settings as F1 - F3.
1. Press the Advanced button
2. Press the Velocity Curve key - the LED display will show the current velocity curve (for example ".C.2")
3. Type the Velocity Curve number (1 through 7) using the number keys
4. Press the Enter key
- or -
1. Press the Advanced button
2. Press the Velocity Curve key - the LED display will show the current velocity curve (for example ".C.2")
3. Use the "-"and "+"buttons to scroll through the Velocity Curves (C1 through F3)
4. Press the Enter key
Drawbar Mode (Oxygen 49 and 61 only)
This parameter switches all 9 Sliders to Drawbar Mode. In this mode, the operation of the sliders is reversed, so that
the maximum value (127) is at the bottom and the minimum value (0) is at the top.
This feature is intended for use with Organ presets that utilize drawbars.
1. Press the Advanced button
2. Press the Drawbar key - the LED screen will momentarily display "On"
Drawbar mode becomes active immediately and Advanced mode exits automatically
Repeat steps 1 and 2 to disable Drawbar mode. The LED screen will momentarily display "OFF"
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Oxygen Series
User Guide 7
Memory Dump
The SysEx Memory Dump function (MEM DUMP) will send the contents of all 10 Preset memory locations for storage
in a DAW application. Please refer to the documentation provided with your DAW software for information on how to
record SysEx MIDI data.
1. Prepare a MIDI track within your DAW software to record from your Oxygen keyboard
2. Press the Advanced button on your Oxygen keyboard
3. Start the MIDI recording in your DAW software
4. Press the Memory Dump key on your Oxygen keyboard. The SysEx memory dump will begin immediately and
the LED will display "SYS"to indicate that data is being sent
The SysEx file will appear as a new MIDI recording in your DAW software.
Restoring a Memory Dump:
IMPORTANT: Restoring a saved Memory Dump will permanently overwrite all current presets on your Oxygen
keyboard.
Play back a MIDI track that contains a previously recorded Oxygen SysEx Memory Dump. The SysEx data is sent
back to the Oxygen keyboard. The Oxygen LED screen will display "SYS" while receiving the SysEx data.
NOTE: Restored settings will not become active until a new preset is loaded on your Oxygen keyboard, or the
device has been powered off and on.
Device ID (Oxygen 49 and 61 only)
The Device ID function (DEV ID) allows the assignment of a unique SysEx Device ID to differentiate between multiple
MIDI devices of the same model, when sending or receiving SysEx data.
The default setting of 127 lets the keyboard respond to all incoming SysEx messages compatible with the same type of
Oxygen Series keyboard controllers. However, if the Device ID is changed to any other value, the keyboard will only
respond to SysEx messages that contain the same Device ID number. This is useful in situations where multiple
Oxygen controller keyboards are connected to the same DAW software and SysEx information needs to be sent to a
specific keyboard controller with a unique Device ID number.
1. Press Advanced
2. Press the Device ID key - the LED screen will show the current Device ID (for example "1.2.7.")
3. Enter the new Device ID number using the number keys
4. Press the Enter key
NOTE: If the Device ID number of an Oxygen keyboard is changed after a Memory Dump was recorded into a DAW
application, any attempts to restore it will be ignored because the numbers do not match. If you do not remember the
Device ID number used when the Memory Dump was recorded, set your Oxygen keyboard to Device ID 127 to
ensure all Memory Dumps will be recognized.
For more information on SysEx messages and Device ID numbers, please refer to Section 10 - MIDI Messages
Explained.
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Oxygen Series
User Guide 8
Store
The Store function saves control assignment settings to one of 10 memory locations.
IMPORTANT: Storing new assignment settings will overwrite the contents of the selected memory location
1. Press the Advanced button
2. Press the Store key - the LED screen will show the number of the last selected memory location (for example P.
0.1.)
3. Enter the number of the memory location you want to store the new settings to by using the number keys or the
- / + buttons
4. Press the Enter key to save the changes and overwrite the previous settings of the memory location
NOTE: The Oxygen Series factory presets can be restored by holding down the "-"and "+"buttons during power up.
IMPORTANT: This will permanently erase all customized user settings.
Number Keys
This section of the keyboard is used to type in numerical parameter values while in Advanced mode.
Enter Key
The Enter key confirms changes made and exits Advanced mode.
NOTE: The Panic, Drawbar and Memory Dump functions take immediate effect when the corresponding key is
pressed. Advanced mode will exit automatically.
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Oxygen Series
User Guide 3
9 Advanced Programming Functions
The MIDI CC (continuous controller) numbers from 0 to 127 are part of the General MIDI specification, and are typically
used for real-time control of parameters in MIDI compatible music equipment. For example, an Oxygen knob may be
assigned to MIDI CC number 10, which controls the Pan setting of a connected synthesizer or DAW software track.
Many of the controls on Oxygen series keyboards are fully programmable, and can be assigned to any of these
standard MIDI CC’s. However, to simplify assignment of other, more complex MIDI message types (for example SysEx
or RPN/NRPN), M-Audio has appended such additional MIDI message types to the end of the MIDI CC number list,
extending it’s range beyond 127. These additional messages can be assigned to Oxygen controls, just as if they were
standard MIDI CC’s, but using numbers in the range from 128 to 255, as listed in the tables in Appendix B.
Generally, this is achieved by selecting the control for editing and assigning a 3-digit number.
This section provides examples of the typical control assignment procedure for knobs, sliders, buttons and the sustain
pedal jack. Assigning MIDI messages that are not explicitly mentioned in this section is done by using the same basic
principle as given in the examples.
Appendix A lists the standard MIDI CC numbers from 0 to 127 and their corresponding General MIDI parameters.
Appendix B lists the additional, M-Audio specific MIDI assignment options (128 - 255), grouped by control type (sliders
& knobs / buttons & sustain pedal jack), as well as their corresponding data type and purpose.
NOTE: Your Oxygen keyboard never transmits values outside the range specified by the MIDI protocol (0-127). The
controller numbers from 128 - 255 are only used internally by your Oxygen keyboard. This simplifies configuration of
the knobs, buttons and sliders when assigning advanced MIDI messages, and allows additional configuration options
for the controls (for example, setting Trigger or Toggle operation of a button).
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Oxygen Series
User Guide 4
Setting Toggle Values (Min/Max) for Buttons or the Sustain Pedal
When standard MIDI CC numbers are assigned to buttons or the Sustain pedal, they will toggle between two values.
This means that one value is sent the first time it is pressed, and another value is sent the next time it is pressed.
By default, the buttons on your Oxygen Series keyboard are already configured to operate as toggle switches. When
configuring a button or the sustain pedal to operate in toggle mode, the following three values need to be specified:
Key
Parameter
MIDI CC number
Value
Control Assign (example)
Data 2 (example)
10 (Pan)
Second press
First press
0 (minimum)
Data 3 (example)
127 (maximum)
The following example will configure a button to "hard pan"the sound to the left speaker when it is pressed the first
time, and "hard pan"to the right speaker when it is pressed a second time:
1. Select a button as described earlier in this guide
2. Press the Advanced button
3. Press the Control Assign key
4. Type 10 using the number keys. This assigns MIDI CC number 10 (Pan) to the button. See Appendix A
5. Press the Enter key
6. Press the Advanced button
7. Press the Data 2 key
8. Type 0 using the number keys to assign the "second button press"(minimum) value
9. Press the Enter key
10. Press the Advanced button
11. Press the Data 3 key
12. Type 127 using the number keys to assign the "first button press"(maximum) value
13. Press the Enter key
TIP: It can be useful to transmit two other specific values instead of sending minimum (zero) and
maximum (127) values as in the above example. When assigning a button to control Pan (MIDI CC 10),
you can, for example, configure Data 2 to send value 38, and Data 3 to send value 93, effectively
causing pan to switch between the approximate "ten o’clock" and "two o’clock" positions when
pressing the button repeatedly.
NOTE: If you want the button to send the same value every time it is pressed, enter the same value for both the Data
2 and Data 3 parameters.
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Oxygen Series
User Guide 5
Setting Trigger Values for the Buttons or the Sustain Pedal
It is possible to set a Trigger Value for a button or the sustain pedal, causing it to send one value when pressed and
held down, and another value when released.
The sustain pedal is already configured to send trigger values by default, ensuring it activates the sustain effect when
pressed and deactivates it when the pedal is released. Buttons can also be configured to operate this way, which
requires four values to be specified. At the example of the sustain pedal, these four values are:
Key
Control Assign
Parameter
Value
Trigger On/Off operation
MIDI CC number
146
Data 1 (example)
Data 2 (example)
Data 3 (example)
64 (Sustain)
0 (minimum)
Button/Pedal Released
Button/Pedal Pressed
127 (maximum)
NOTE: When working with proprietary M-Audio parameters from the 128-255 range, the "Control Assign" setting is
used to configure a button or the sustain pedal for this special mode of operation. This means that certain values that
are usually specified through the "Control Assign" setting must instead be specified via the "Data 1" parameter (such
as the standard MIDI CC parameter in the example below).
The following example will configure a button to "hard pan"the sound to the right speaker when it is held down, and
"hard pan"to the left speaker when it is released. This involves configuring the button to operate as a trigger, while
controlling the Pan parameter (MIDI CC 10):
1. Select a button as described earlier in this guide
2. Press the Advanced button
3. Press the Control Assign key
4. Type 146 using the number keys. This configures the button to operate as a trigger (press/release).
See Appendix B
5. Press the Enter key
6. Press the Advanced button
7. Press the Data 1 key
8. Type 10 using the number keys. This specifies which parameter the button will trigger and release. In this
example, MIDI CC 10 (Pan). See Appendix A
9. Press the Enter key
10. Press the Advanced button
11. Press the Data 2 key
12. Type 0 using the number keys. This sets the "release"value to zero. In other words, sound will be panned
"hard left"when the button is released.
13. Press the Enter key
14. Press the Advanced button
15. Press the Data 3 key
16. Type 127 using the number keys. This sets the "press"value to the maximum value, so that the sound is
panned hard right when the button is pressed.
17. Press the Enter key
TIP: It can be useful to transmit two other specific values instead of sending minimum (zero) and
maximum (127) values as in the above example. When assigning a button to control Pan (MIDI CC 10),
you can, for example, configure Data 2 to send value 38, and Data 3 to send value 93, effectively
causing pan to switch between the approximate "ten o’clock" and "two o’clock" positions when
pressing and releasing the button.
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Oxygen Series
User Guide 6
Assigning MMC Control to Buttons
The transport functions of some hardware recording devices and DAW applications can be remotely operated via MMC
(MIDI Machine Control) commands. MMC is a specialized transport control protocol and requires a somewhat different
configuration method.
The following values need to be specified:
Key
Parameter
MMC Control
Value
Control Assign
149
Channel Assign (example)
Data 2 (example)
Device ID
127
MMC Function
2 (Play)
The following example will configure a button to send the MMC command "Play":
1. Select an assignable button as described earlier in this guide
2. Press the Advanced button
3. Press the Control Assign key
4. Type 149 using the number keys. This sets the button to send MMC (MIDI Machine Control)
5. Press the Enter key
6. Press the Advanced button
7. Press the Channel Assign key
8. Enter 127 (Poly On) using the number keys. This ensures all receiving devices will respond to the MMC
messages
9. Press the Enter key
10. Press the Advanced button
11. Press the Data 2 key
12. Enter a number from the chart below to select the MMC command for the button. This determines which
transport function will be controlled by this button. For example, enter "2"for the Play command
13. Press the Enter key
Number
MMC Command
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
09
10
11
12
STOP
PLAY
DEFERRED PLAY
FAST FORWARD
REWIND
RECORD STROBE
RECORD EXIT
RECORD PAUSE
PAUSE
EJECT
CHASE
COMMAND ERROR RESET
MMC RESET
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Oxygen Series
User Guide 7
Assigning a Note to a Button
It is possible to configure a Button to send a Note On message when it is held down, and a Note Off message when it
is released.
This requires four values to be specified (values given are examples):
Key
Control Assign
Parameter
Value
Trigger Note On/Off
Note pitch
147
Data 1 (example)
Data 2 (example)
Data 3 (example)
64 (E4 - see Appendix C)
Note off velocity
Note on velocity
0
100
The following example configures a button to play MIDI note E4 while it is being held down and stop the note when the
button is released.
1. Select a button as described earlier in this guide
2. Press the Advanced button
3. Press the Control Assign key
4. Enter 147 using the number keys. This sets the button to trigger MIDI Notes (see Appendix B)
5. Press the Enter key
6. Press the Advanced button
7. Press the Data 1 key (Pitch/Note parameter)
8. Enter "64"using the number keys. This sets the button to play MIDI note 64 (E4 - see Appendix C)
9. Press the Enter key
10. Press the Advanced button
11. Press the Data 2 key (Velocity Off)
12. Enter 0 using the number keys. This sets the button to transmit a Note Off message with a release velocity
value of zero.
13. Press the Enter key
14. Press the Advanced button
15. Press the Data 3 key (Velocity On)
16. Enter 100 using the number keys. This sets the button to transmit a Note On message with a velocity of 100
when pressed
17. Press the Enter key
NOTE: It is also possible to configure a button to send a note on message when it is pressed and a note off message
when it is pressed a second time. To do this, follow the above configuration steps, but enter 148 for the "Control
Assign" parameter (see Appendix B).
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Oxygen Series
User Guide 8
Setting Buttons to send combined Program Change, Bank LSB and Bank
MSB messages
The assignable buttons and the sustain pedal can be configured to send a multi-part message, consisting of a Program
Change, Bank LSB and Bank MSB message when pressed. This is useful for specific patch/sound selection from a
specific bank of a connected synthesizer or virtual instrument.
This requires four values to be specified (values given are examples):
Key
Parameter
Value
Control Assign
Program/Bank Preset select
Program Change Number
145
Data 1 (example)
42 (GM Instrument Cello -
see Appendix C)
Data 2 (example)
Data 3 (example)
Bank LSB number
Bank MSB number
8
32
The following example configures a button to send a total of 3 MIDI messages each time the button is pressed (Bank
LSB, Bank MSB and Program Change), allowing you to recall any sound in any bank of a connected software or
hardware synthesizer that supports this:
1. Select the Control as described earlier in this guide (Button or Pedal)
2. Press the Advanced button
3. Press the Control Assign key
4. Enter 145 using the number keys. This sets the button or the pedal to send a combined Bank Select/Program
Change message
5. Press the Enter key
6. Press the Advanced button
7. Press the Data 1 key
8. Enter the Program Change number, for example 42
9. Press the Enter key
10. Press the Advanced button
11. Press the Data 2 key
12. Enter the Bank LSB number, for example 8
13. Press the Enter key
14. Press the Advanced button
15. Press the Data 3 key
16. Enter the Bank MSB number, for example 32
17. Press the Enter key
See Section 10 - MIDI Messaged Defined for an in-depth explanation of how Bank LSB / Bank MSB and Program
Change messages work together to access all programs on a connected synthesizer or other MIDI device.
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Oxygen Series
User Guide 9
Programming a Button to Increment/Decrement a MIDI CC value
It is possible to configure a button to increase or decrease a value each time it is pressed. This is useful if you want to
step through values one by one each time a button is pressed.
To configure a button to increment a MIDI CC between a minimum and maximum value, assign the button to number
154 (see Appendix B). The minimum and maximum values are set using the Data 2 and Data 3 parameters
respectively.
This requires four values to be specified (values given are examples):
Key
Control Assign
Parameter
Value
Increment MIDI CC
MIDI CC number
Low Limit
154
Data 1 (example)
Data 2 (example)
Data 3 (example)
72 (Release Time)
0
High Limit
127
The following example configures a button to increment the release time of the currently active MIDI instrument sound
patch every time the button is pressed (you may have to push the button several times while playing notes to hear a
difference).
1. Select the Control as described earlier in this guide (Button or Pedal)
2. Press the Advanced button
3. Press the Control Assign key
4. Enter 154 using the number keys. This sets the button or the pedal to increment the MIDI CC value
5. Press the Enter key
6. Press the Advanced button
7. Press the Data 1 key
8. Enter "72"using the number keys. This specifies the MIDI CC for which values will be incremented
9. Press the Enter key
10. Press the Advanced button
11. Press the Data 2 key
12. Enter 0 using the number keys. This specifies the minimum value
13. Press the Enter key
14. Press the Advanced button
15. Press the Data 3 key
16. Enter 127 using the number keys. This specifies the maximum value
17. Press the Enter key
To configure a button to decrement (decrease) a MIDI CC value, assign the button to number 153 (see Appendix B).
The minimum and maximum value (range) for each button is set using the Data 2 and Data 3 parameters respectively.
NOTE: Each button will only increment or decrement its own parameter value and this value is independent of any
other button. In other words, assigning one button to increment a parameter and another button to decrement the
same parameter will cause the first button to send values such as 1, 2, 3, etc., each time the button is pressed.
Pressing the second button will send values such as 127, 126, 125 (as opposed to starting to decrement where the
first button left of; for example 2, 1, 0).
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Oxygen Series
User Guide 10
Programming a Button to Increment/Decrement a Program Change
It is possible to configure a button to send an Increment (increase) or Decrement (decrease) Program Change
message each time it is pressed.
To configure a button to increment a Program Change between a minimum and maximum value, assign the button to
number 156 (see Appendix B). The minimum and maximum values are set using the Data 2 and Data 3 parameters
respectively.
The requires three values to be specified (values given are examples):
Key
Control Assign
Parameter
Value
Program Increment
156
0
Data 2 (example)
Data 3 (example)
Program Number (minimum)
Program Number (maximum)
127
The following example configures a button to increment through the sound patches on a connected software or
hardware synthesizer:
1. Select the Control as described earlier in this guide (Button or Pedal)
2. Press the Advanced button
3. Press the Control Assign key
4. Enter 156 using the number keys. This configures the button to increment the Program number
5. Press the Enter key
6. Press the Advanced button
7. Press the Data 2 key
8. Enter 0 using the number keys. This specifies the lowest Program number
9. Press the Enter key
10. Press the Advanced button
11. Press the Data 3 key
12. Enter 127 using the number keys. This specifies the highest Program number
13. Press the Enter key
To configure a button to decrement a Program Change between a maximum and minimum value, assign the button to
number 155 (see Appendix B). The minimum and maximum values are set using the Data 2 and Data 3 parameters
respectively.
NOTE: Each button will only increment or decrement its own parameter value and this value is independent of any
other button. In other words, assigning one button to increment through sound patches and another button to
decrement through sound patches will cause the first button to recall programs 1, 2, 3, etc., each time the button is
pressed. Pressing the second button will recall programs such as 127, 126, 125 (as opposed to starting to decrement
where the first button left of; for example 2, 1, 0).
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Oxygen Series
User Guide 11
Reversing the operation of Knobs or Sliders
Most MIDI parameters assignable to knobs or sliders can be configured so that the control’s operation is reversed.
Once a control is assigned to a MIDI parameter, by default the Data 2 parameter defines the minimum value (for
example zero) while the Data 3 parameter defines the maximum value to be transmitted (for example 127). Reversing
the operation of Knobs or Sliders is achieved by entering a higher value for the Data 2 parameter (usually minimum)
and a lower value for the Data 3 parameter (usually maximum).
This is useful when a single Slider needs to be configured to work as a drawbar, or if a knob needs to be configured in
reverse when controlling a particular parameter.
This requires two values to be specified (values given are examples):
Key
Parameter
Value
Data 2 (example)
Data 3 (example)
Minimum Value
Maximum Value
127
0
The following example configures a button or slider to reverse its operation:
1. Select a Knob or Slider as detailed earlier in this guide
2. Press the Advanced button
3. Press the Data 2 key
4. Enter 127 using the number keys. This configures the control to reach its maximum value when it is all the way
down
5. Press the Enter key
6. Press the Advanced button
7. Press the Data 3 key
8. Enter 0 using the number keys. This configures the control to reach its minimum value when it is all the way up
9. Press the Enter Key
The Knob or Slider now operates reversed. What was originally the maximum position, is now the minimum position,
and vice versa.
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Oxygen Series
User Guide 12
Limiting the Range of a Knob or Slider
The MIDI protocol allows for a maximum range of transmitted values between 0 and 127. The effective range of values
transmitted by Knobs and Sliders can be limited by entering values other than 0 and 127 (default) for the Data 2 and
Data 3 parameters.
For example with the Data 2 parameter set to 38 and Data 3 set to 93, if a knob is set fully counter-clockwise, the
lowest value it transmits is 38. If the knob is turned fully clockwise, the highest value it transmits is 93. This can be
useful in a variety of scenarios, for example to keep a knob within the "sweet spot"of a synthesizer parameter (for
example, filter cutoff), or to quickly recall a specific minimum or maximum volume setting for a track.
Key
Parameter
MIDI CC number
Value
07 (Volume)
Control Assign (example)
Data 2 (example)
Minimum Value
Maximum Value
38
93
Data 3 (example)
The following example configures a knob or slider to operate within a limited range (38 to 93):
1. Select a a Knob or Slider as described earlier in this guide
2. Press the Advanced button
3. Press the Control Assign key
4. Type 7 using the number keys. This assigns MIDI CC number 7 (Volume) to the knob or slider. See Appendix A
5. Press the Enter key
6. Press the Advanced button
7. Press the Data 2 key
8. Type 38 using the number keys
9. Press the Enter key
10. Press the Advanced button
11. Press the Data 3 key
12. Type 93 using the number keys
13. Press the Enter key
NOTE: The operation of knobs and sliders can be reversed, even if the range of operation is limited. This is achieved
by entering a higher value for the Data 2 parameter and a lower value for the Data 3 parameter.
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Oxygen Series
User Guide 13
Assigning RPN/NRPN messages to a Knob, Slider, Button, or Pedal
Oxygen Series keyboards allow transmission of all three necessary MIDI CC messages for RPNs and NRPNs by
simply moving a knob or slider or by pressing a button or the sustain pedal.
The "Control Assign"setting allows assignment for control of the RPN Coarse (132) and RPN Fine (133), as well
as NRPN Coarse (134) and NRPN Fine (135) parameters (see Section 10 - MIDI Messages Defined and
Appendices A & B for more information).
The Data 1 setting lets you specify which MIDI CC number is sent to alter values (usually: Coarse=CC 6; Fine=CC
38). The Data 2 setting defines what value is sent for LSB (RPN: CC 100, NRPN: CC 98) while the Data 3 setting
defines which value is sent for MSB (RPN: CC 101, NRPN: CC 99). Together, the LSB and MSB values specify the
RPN/NRPN parameter to be edited.
Assigning a knob to control an RPN/NRPN on a connected hardware or software device requires four values to be
specified.
Key
Control Assign
Parameter
Value
NRPN Coarse
CC for Value Change
CC 98 / LSB
134
6
Data 1 (example)
Data 2 (example)
Data 3 (example)
51
3
CC 99 / MSB
The following example assigns a manufacturer specific NRPN coarse (134) message to a control on your Oxygen
keyboard:
1. Select a Knob or Slider as described earlier in this guide
2. Press the Advanced button
3. Press the Control Assign key
4. Enter 134 (NRPN Coarse) using the number keys (see Appendices B and F)
5. Press the Enter key
6. Press the Advanced button
7. Press the Data 1 key
8. Enter 6 using the number keys (or the MIDI CC number for value changes as required by your device)
9. Press the Advanced button
10. Press the Data 2 key
11. Enter the value to be transmitted via MIDI CC 98 (LSB) using the number keys
12. Press the Enter key
13. Press the Advanced button
14. Press the Data 3 key
15. Enter the value to be transmitted via MIDI CC 99 (MSB) using the number keys
16. Press the Enter key
See Section 10 - MIDI Messaged Defined for an in-depth explanation of RPN/NRPN MIDI messages and their usage.
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Oxygen Series
User Guide 14
SysEx Messages and Device ID
When transmitting SysEx messages, the individual control channel number does not define a transmit channel, but a
Device ID. When the CHAN ASGN key is pressed, the "c"is not displayed on the LED screen.
Device ID’s range between 0-127. In most cases, the Device ID should be set to 127 so that all devices will receive the
SysEx message.
The Device ID for a SysEx message assigned to a controller cannot be changed using the Device ID key. This key is
used for varying the global Device ID of an Oxygen Series keyboard.
For more information, please refer to the SysEx Messages and Device ID sections.
Non-Volatile Memory
All Oxygen keyboards feature non-volatile memory, which allows for automatic saving of presets when the device is
powering down. The current controller and channel assignments are stored even if the Save function has not been
used. The Program, Bank LSB and Bank MSB data, Global Channel setting, and last used memory preset are also
stored.
Restoring the Factory Settings
Factory default settings can be restored by holding down the - and + buttons during power-up. At this point all
previously saved data will be erased.
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Oxygen Series
User Guide 3
10 MIDI Messages Defined
Program and Bank Changes
When the MIDI standard was first established, it enabled the user to access only 128 different sounds using program change
messages (0-127). As MIDI devices became more sophisticated and contained more sounds, bank change messages were included
in an updated MIDI specification allowing access to more than 128 sounds. The language MIDI uses to communicate between
musical instruments only allows for program change commands 0-127, for a total of 128 possible programs (127 programs +
program “0” = 128 programs total). Due to inherent limitations of the MIDI communication protocol, the number of directly accessible
programs (using program change messages) cannot easily be expanded beyond 128. Thus, a system of banks, with 128 sounds in
each, has been created that enables manufacturers to overcome the 128-sound MIDI limit.
Bank MSB
Bank LSB
Program
128 banks with 128 sounds in each bank is the basic principle used
to expand the number of accessible sounds. However, to avoid
reaching the new limit of the resulting 16,384 possible sounds (128
banks x 128 programs) accessible using a bank change combined
with a program change, another layer of banks was added. The
result is a system of 128 banks that can contain 128 sub-banks in
each of them, which, in turn, can contain 128 sounds (programs).
Program 0
Program 1
Program 2
Bank LSB 0
Bank LSB 1
Bank LSB 2
Program 127
Program 0
Program 1
Program 2
Bank MSB 0
Program 127
Bank change messages are useful when calling up sounds from a
large library that may exist in a particular sound module or software
synthesizer. For example, devices that are built according to
Roland’s GS specification or Yamaha’s XG specification (Appendix
E) require you to specify a bank change in order to access the
extra voices that these devices provide. MIDI CC 0 is the bank
select MSB (Most Significant Byte) message. This MIDI message
is 7-bit in size and can be used to select any of 128 banks.
Program 0
Program 1
Program 2
Bank LSB 127
Program 127
Program 0
Program 1
Program 2
Bank LSB 0
Bank LSB 1
Bank LSB 2
Program 127
This message can be used in conjunction with MIDI CC 32 which is
bank select LSB (Least Significant Byte): a separate 7-bit message
allowing additional selection of any of another 128 sub-banks. The
combination of Bank MSB and LSB messages gives a 14-bit
message that can select any of a possible 16,384 banks. Each
bank can in turn contain 128 possible sounds selected via a
separate program change MIDI message. This enables a user to
theoretically recall over two million programs directly, using only
MIDI commands. However, most devices only use a few different
banks, and you can often ignore the LSB message.
Program 0
Program 1
Program 2
Bank MSB 1
Program 127
Program 0
Program 1
Program 2
Bank LSB 127
Program 127
Program 0
Program 1
Program 2
You will find many MIDI devices respond to program change
commands and many are organized according to the GM listing. In
General MIDI devices, different sounds are organized in the same
way from device to device. Piano sounds are in their particular
place, string sounds are in their place, drum sounds are in their
place, and so on. All GM devices (both hardware and software
sound modules) are clearly labeled as such, so you know that their
sounds are organized in the General MIDI structure. When a GM
device receives a MIDI program change, it calls up a type of sound
that you expect from the GM sound set. All non-GM MIDI sound
modules call up unique sounds from their memory upon receiving
Bank LSB 0
Bank LSB 1
Bank LSB 2
Program 127
Program 0
Program 1
Program 2
Bank MSB 2
Program 127
Program 0
Program 1
Program 2
Bank LSB 127
Bank MSB 127
Program 127
MIDI program changes. Since the sounds in a non-GM device are not arranged in a particular order, you need to take a look at the
device itself to see which sound you want and at which location in the memory it resides. Many VST instruments such as Native
Instruments’ FM7 or the synth modules in Propellerheads Reason are non-GM devices.
You can send Program Change, Bank LSB and Bank MSB messages directly from your Oxygen Series keyboard.
Please consult the documentation for your sound module, DAW or software instrument for further information.
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Oxygen Series
User Guide 4
RPN/NRPN's
Overview
RPN stands for "Registered Parameter Number"and NRPN stands for "Non-Registered Parameter Number".
Non-registered parameter numbers (NRPN’s) are device-specific messages that enable you to control specific
synthesizer or sound module parameters via MIDI, that are not accessible via standard MIDI CCs. The MIDI
specification defines open parameter numbers to allow manufacturers to specify their own NRPN controllers.
The more common of these are registered by the MIDI Manufacturer’s Association and are now part of the MIDI
specification, hence the term Registered Parameter Numbers – RPN’s (See Appendix A). Each NRPN/RPN has an
associated 2-byte number.The two bytes allow for 128 values each. An RPN or NRPN message is made up of two
parts: The MSB and the LSB message. Both of these messages together constitute an RPN or NRPN command.
This allows for 16,384 values in total. MIDI controllers 98 and 99 represent the NRPN LSB and MSB respectively,
while 100 and 101 represent the RPN LSB and MSB messages (see the MIDI controllers list in Appendix A).
To transmit an NRPN/RPN message, these LSB and MSB controller messages are sent along with their user-
specified values. A further controller message and value needs to be sent to specify the (coarse or fine) value
adjustment. This is specified by controller number 6 (data entry) for coarse adjustments or number 38 for fine
adjustments.
A list of NRPN’s is usually given in the user’s manual of any device that receives NRPN messages. It is always
necessary that the NRPN MSB and LSB be sent together. Both will be specified in the device’s manual, but
typically only in Hexadecimal format. If this is the case, you may refer to Appendix C for help translating the value
to decimal.
Combining Two MIDI CC Numbers for 16,384 possible RPNs/NRPNs
A single MIDI CC provides 128 values or possible selections - not enough to provide a sufficient number of unique
RPN/NRPNs for all manufacturers of MIDI equipment. In order to make a large enough number of RPN and NRPN
messages available for use by the many manufacturers of MIDI devices, two specific MIDI CC numbers
(NRPN=98+99; RPN=100+101) are combined for RPN/NRPN selection. When combining two MIDI CC numbers
this way, the 128 possibilities of the first MIDI CC multiply with the 128 possibilities of the second MIDI CC,
resulting in 16384 unique possibilities - plenty of options for all manufacturers of MIDI equipment.
You can think of this as a matrix of 128x128 options, each representing a unique identifier a manufacturer of MIDI
equipment may choose to use for selection of a specific parameter in their device. See the illustration below.
127
Two MIDI CCs
(98&99 or 100&101)
select an RPN/NRPN
for editing
5
2
1
0
CC99
Value 4
CC99
127
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
CC98
CC98
Value 5
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Oxygen Series
User Guide 5
Check your 3rd Party Documentation for a RPN/NRPN List
Begin by checking the documentation for your MIDI device for a list of supported RPN or NRPN numbers. As
mentioned, the supported parameters are unique to the device in use but the list should look similar to this:
MIDI CC98
coordinate one
MIDI CC99
coordinate two
selects RPN/NRPN
parameter
MIDI CC6
alters values
MIDI CC98
MIDI CC99
3
MIDI CC6
0-127
Filter Cutoff
Resonance
Attack
41
41
41
41
41
41
41
41
4
0-127
5
0-127
Decay
6
0-127
Sustain
Release
LPF
7
0-127
8
0-127
9
0-127
HPF
10
0-127
Find the parameter you wish to control from the list in the 3rd party manufacturer’s documentation and make note
of the values listed for CC 98 (LSB) and for CC 99 (MSB) when working with NRPNs, or CC 100 (LSB) and CC 101
(MSB) when working with RPNs. You will need these values once you are ready to assign an Oxygen control to an
RPN or NRPN.
A Third MIDI CC Number (CC 6 or CC 38) for Altering the RPN or NRPN Value
A third MIDI CC is needed to change the value of the selected RPN or NRPN. For most devices, MIDI CC 6 is used
when working with NRPN or RPN "coarse"messages, while MIDI CC 38 is used when working with "fine"
messages. In other words, the combined MIDI CC numbers (NRPN=98+99; RPN=100+101) only specify the
parameter to be edited. They have to be followed with yet another specific MIDI CC number/value (CC 6 or CC 38)
in order to alter the associated parameter value.
This means that 3 MIDI messages have to be sent in sequence, in order to select, and then change a RPN or
NRPN value. For example:
MIDI CC 98: value 51
Selects a specific NRPN
MIDI CC 99: value 3
MIDI CC 6: value 10
Sets the parameter to a value of 10.
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Oxygen Series
User Guide 6
16,384 step resolution through combined Coarse and Fine messages
Most assignable MIDI controls, including those on your Oxygen series keyboard, operate with a resolution of 128
steps. Standard MIDI CC messages that can be used universally between different MIDI devices are also limited to
a resolution of 128 steps. However, the RPN/NRPN concept allows for a resolution of 16,384 steps by combining
two 7-bit MIDI messages into a 14-bit message (coarse + fine).
Hardware controller knobs or sliders that take advantage of the full 14-bit RPN/NRPN resolution are very
uncommon. To illustrate the concept and make the purpose of RPN/NRPN Coarse and Fine messages easier to
understand, we included a graphic describing how such a 14-bit RPN/NRPN control would operate (not supported
by Oxygen Series keyboards):
16,384
3
127
9
Fine
3
16,384
2
1
0
2
127
9
Coarse
8
7
6
Fine
3
2
1
0
0
1
127
9
8
7
6
Fine
3
2
1
0
0
The RPN/NRPN coarse message divides the range of 16384 steps into 128 segments and activates them by
sending each segment's first value, while the RPN/NRPN fine message provides the 128 steps of resolution
contained in each of these segments.
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Oxygen Series
User Guide 7
The controls on your Oxygen keyboard allow assignment of either a RPN/NRPN coarse message, or a RPN/NRPN
fine message, but not both simultaneously. In practical use, this means:
Assigning an RPN/NRPN coarse message to an Oxygen control allows to access values throughout the
entire range of 16384 steps while skipping 128 steps with every value transmitted
(0; 129; 258; 387; 516; 645; ... ;16384).
Assigning an RPN/NRPN fine message to an Oxygen control allows access to the first 128 values of the
entire range (0-127 of 16384).
In most cases, it is preferable to assign the RNP/NRPN coarse message, unless two Oxygen controls are
dedicated to be operated together for simultaneous controls of the RPN/NRPN coarse and fine parameters.
Many data sheets for synthesizers make use of NRPN messages and will give the LSB and MSB values that
should be entered for Data 2 and Data 3. Some manuals may only give the hex values, but Oxygen requires the
decimal value to be entered. See Appendix E for a hex to decimal conversion chart.
SysEx
System Exclusive (SysEx) messages were defined in the MIDI specification to allow control of individual devices via
MIDI. The format of SysEx messages allows virtually any function to be performed via MIDI if the receiving device can
read and translate the message. This allows devices to send audio sample memory data, memory dumps, controller
settings, and much more. It also allows the controllers of one device to be controlled by another.
It is not possible to program your own specified SysEx message into the Oxygen controller. However, several useful
SysEx messages are pre-programmed into the keyboard. They can be accessed by assigning the appropriate MIDI
controller number to a control (see Appendix A).
A SysEx message is not transmitted on any specific channel. All SysEx messages contain a Device ID, which is used
to single out devices to respond to the SysEx message. All other devices are ignored. If you are using a SysEx
message with your Oxygen keyboard, the Global Channel is ignored. When you press the Channel Assign key, you will
enter a Device ID instead. This is indicated by the fact that the LED displays a 3-digit number, not a 2-digit number
proceeded by a "c."
Device IDs run from 00 to 127. 127 is the default device number setting on the Oxygen keyboard controller. This setting
transmits the SysEx message to all devices.
It is not possible to program the controls on your Oxygen keyboard with your own SysEx messages, there are software
applications that can receive a MIDI input signal and translate it into a different, user-specified message. You can
program your custom SysEx messages into the translator software, and then translate the incoming data from the
keyboard to your custom SysEx message.
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Oxygen Series
User Guide 3
11 Troubleshooting
Oxygen keyboard suddenly stops working.
Turn off the unit for 10 seconds, then restart your computer and power up the keyboard. If the problem persists,
check the M-Audio website for the latest drivers and re-install them.
The keyboard is connected to my computer with the USB cable, but I cannot locate my Oxygen
keyboard in my software’s MIDI devices dialog box.
Your Oxygen keyboard may not be receiving enough USB bus power to function correctly. Try plugging it into a
different USB port or a powered USB hub connected to your computer.
In Windows XP, the Oxygen MIDI ports will appear as "USB Audio Device"if the optional drivers have not been
installed. Select "USB Audio Device"as your audio and MIDI input and output device.
Please refer to Chapter 5 of this guide for instructions on how to install the Oxygen Series Drivers.
The Oxygen keyboard does not trigger sounds in my music software.
Most programs have a MIDI activity indicator that can be used to confirm whether MIDI data from the keyboard
is reaching the software. If the software is not receiving any MIDI data, be sure the controller is properly
installed and is selected as a MIDI input device within your software. Refer to the documentation for your DAW
software, to learn how to configure and select MIDI input devices.
If the MIDI activity display indicates that MIDI data is reaching your software, then you may not be hearing
sounds because the MIDI data is not being routed correctly through the software itself. Refer to the
documentation for your DAW software, to learn how to route MIDI data properly.
When playing a virtual instrument loaded in my music software, there is a noticeable delay before I
hear any sound.
This delay is known as latency, and it may be possible to reduce it through the Control Panel of your audio
interface. Please refer to your audio interface’s User Guide to see if this is possible.
I have connected a sustain pedal to my Oxygen keyboard, but its operation is reversed (i.e., the notes
sustain when the pedal isn’t pressed, but the notes stop sustaining once the pedal is pressed).
The polarity of the sustain pedal is determined by the keyboard upon startup. When the keyboard is powering
up, the sustain pedal is assumed to be in the "up"(off) position. It is important that the sustain pedal is not
pressed down during startup, otherwise its operation may be reversed.
My virtual instrument software (or hardware MIDI module) always recalls the sound next to the
program change number that I have sent to it from my Oxygen keyboard. For example, if I send a
program change number 40 (Violin), my MIDI module or software loads sound number 41 (Viola).
This behavior is normal. Some MIDI devices count their sound presets from 1-128 instead of 0-127. As a
result, there may be an offset of +/-1 between the program change number sent from the keyboard and the
recalled sound preset on your module.
I have changed many parameters and would like to go back to the keyboard’s default settings.
Oxygen Series keyboards can be reset to their "factory"settings by simultaneously pressing the "+"and "-"
buttons as the unit is switched on.
NOTE: All assignments and modified patches will be lost once you perform this action—use this function with
caution!
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Oxygen Series
User Guide 3
12 Technical Info
Caution: Electro Static Discharge, Electrical Fast Transient and Conducted RF interference may cause the unit
malfunctioning. In such case, unplug the unit and plug it in again to restore normal operation.
Note: Your M-Audio product has been tested to comply with FCC Standards FOR HOME OR OFFICE USE.
Modifications not authorized by the manufacturer may void users authority to operate this device.
Note: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part
15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a
residential installation. This equipment generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and
used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is
no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful
interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is
encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:
Re-orient or relocate the receiving antenna.
Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.
Connect the equipment to an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected.
Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/ TV technician for help.
ASIO is a trademark of Steinberg Soft– und Hardware GmbH.
VST is a trademark of Steinberg Soft– und Hardware GmbH
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Oxygen Series
User Guide 4
13 Warranty Terms and Registration
Warranty Terms
M-Audio warrants products to be free from defects in materials and workmanship, under normal use and provided that
applying to your specific product.
Warranty Registration
Immediately registering your new M-Audio product entitles you to full warranty coverage and helps M-Audio develop
product updates and for the chance to win M-Audio giveaways.
Documentation Feedback
At M-Audio, we are always looking for ways to improve our documentation. If you have comments, corrections, or
suggestions regarding our documentation, e-mail us at [email protected]
Oxygen Series
Tested to comply with
FCC standards
FOR HOME OR STUDIO USE
WARNING: This product contains chemicals, including lead, known to the State of California to cause cancer, and
birth defects or other reproductive harm. Wash hands after handling.
© 2009 Avid Technology, Inc. All rights reserved. Product features, specifications, system requirements and availability
are subject to change without notice. Avid, M-Audio and Oxygen are either trademarks or registered trademarks of Avid
Technology, Inc. All other trademarks contained herein are the property of their respective owners.
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Oxygen Series
User Guide 3
14 Appendix
Appendix A: Standard MIDI Control Numbers (MIDI CC’s)
00 Bank Select
01 Modulation
46 Controller 46
47 Controller 47
92 Tremolo Depth
93 Chorus Depth
02 Breath Control
03 Controller 3
48 Gen Purpose 1 LSB
49 Gen Purpose 2 LSB
50 Gen Purpose 3 LSB
51 Gen Purpose 4 LSB
52 Controller 52
53 Controller 53
54 Controller 54
55 Controller 55
56 Controller 56
57 Controller 57
58 Controller 58
59 Controller 59
60 Controller 60
61 Controller 61
62 Controller 62
63 Controller 63
64 Sustain Pedal
65 Portamento
94 Celeste (De-tune)
95 Phaser Depth
04 Foot Control
05 Porta Time
96 Data Increment
97 Data Decrement
98 Non-Reg Param LSB
99 Non-Reg Param MSB
100 Reg Param LSB
101 Reg Param MSB
102 Controller 102
103 Controller 103
104 Controller 104
105 Controller 105
106 Controller 106
107 Controller 107
108 Controller 108
109 Controller 109
110 Controller 110
111 Controller 111
112 Controller 112
113 Controller 113
114 Controller 114
115 Controller 115
116 Controller 116
117 Controller 117
118 Controller 118
119 Controller 119
Channel Mode Messages
120 All Sound off
06 Data Entry
07 Channel Volume
08 Balance
09 Controller 9
10 Pan
11 Expression
12 Effects Controller 1
13 Effects Controller 2
14 Controller 14
15 Controller 15
16 Gen Purpose 1
17 Gen Purpose 2
18 Gen Purpose 3
19 Gen Purpose 4
20 Controller 20
21 Controller 21
22 Controller 22
23 Controller 23
24 Controller 24
25 Controller 25
26 Controller 26
27 Controller 27
28 Controller 28
29 Controller 29
30 Controller 30
31 Controller 31
32 Bank Select LSB
33 Modulation LSB
34 Breath Control LSB
35 Controller 35
36 Foot Control LSB
37 Porta Time LSB
38 Data Entry LSB
39 Channel Volume LSB
40 Balance LSB
41 Controller 41
42 Pan LSB
66 Sostenuto
67 Soft Pedal
68 Legato Pedal
69 Hold 2
70 Sound Variation
71 Resonance
72 Release Time
73 Attack Time
74 Cut-off Frequency
75 Controller 75
76 Controller 76
77 Controller 77
78 Controller 78
79 Controller 79
80 Gen Purpose 5
81 Gen Purpose 6
82 Gen Purpose 7
83 Gen Purpose 8
84 Portamento Control
85 Controller 85
86 Controller 86
87 Controller 87
88 Controller 88
89 Controller 89
90 Controller 90
91 Reverb Depth
121 Reset all Controllers
122 Local Control
123 All Notes Off
124 Omni Off
125 Omni On
126 Mono On (Poly Off)
127 Poly On (Mono Off)
Extra RPN Messages
128 Pitch Bend Sensitivity
129 Fine Tune
130 Coarse Tune
131 Channel Pressure
43 Expression LSB
44 Controller 44
45 Controller 45
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Oxygen Series
User Guide 4
Appendix B: Assignable MIDI CC's
Sliders and Knobs:
MIDI CC
Description
Data 2
Data 3
0-119
Standard MIDI CC's (Appendix A)
Min
Max
120-127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
255
Channel Mode Messages (Appendix A)
Pitch Bend Sensitivity
Channel Fine Tune
Channel Coarse Tune
Channel Pressure
RPN coarse
Min
Max
Min
Max
Min
Max
Min
Max
Min
Max
RPN LSB
RPN LSB
NRPN LSB
NRPN LSB
Min
RPN LSB
RPN LSB
NRPN LSB
NRPN LSB
Max
RPN Fine
NRPN Coarse
NRPN Fine
Master Volume GM*
Master Pan GM*
Min
Max
Master Coarse Tune GM*
Master Fine Tune GM*
Chorus Mod rate GM2*
Chorus Mod Depth GM2*
Feedback GM2*
Min
Max
Min
Max
Min
Max
Min
Max
Min
Max
Send to Reverb GM2*
Pitch Bend
Min
Max
-
-
Controller Off**
-
-
*General MIDI SysEx messages
**Press “0,” and then press the Enter key. Next press the Data - button
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5 User Guide
Oxygen Series
Buttons and Pedal:
MIDI CC
Description
Data 1
Data 2
Data 3
0-119
Standard MIDI CC's (Appendix A)
-
Toggle Value 2
Toggle Value 1
120-127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
255
Channel Mode Messages (Appendix A)
Pitch Bend Range
Channel Fine Tune
Channel Coarse Tune
Channel Pressure
RPN coarse
-
Toggle Value 2
Sensitivity Value
Tuning Amount
Tuning Amount
Pressure Amount
RPN LSB
Toggle Value 1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Value
RPN MSB
RPN Fine
Value
RPN LSB
RPN MSB
NRPN Coarse
Value
NRPN LSB
NRPN LSB
Volume LSB
Pan LSB
NRPN MSB
NRPN Fine
Value
NRPN MSB
Master Volume GM*
Master Pan GM*
-
Volume MSB
-
Pan MSB
Master Coarse Tune GM*
Master Fine Tune GM*
Chorus Mod rate GM2*
Chorus Mod Depth GM2*
Feedback GM2*
-
Tuning LSB
Tuning LSB
Mod Rate
Tuning MSB
-
Tuning MSB
-
-
-
Mod Depth
Feedback Level
Reverb Send Level
Pitch Shift LSB
Bank LSB
Button Press Value
Velocity Off
Velocity Off
Command Select
Type
-
-
-
Send to Reverb GM2*
Pitch Bend
-
-
-
Pitch Shift MSB
Program/Bank Preset
MIDI CC (On/Off)
Note (On/Off)
Program
Bank MSB
MIDI CC
Button Release Value
Note
Velocity On
Note (On/Off Toggle)
MMC Command**
Reverb Type GM2*
Reverb Time GM2*
Chorus Type GM2*
MIDI CC decrement
MIDI CC increment
Program decrement
Program increment
Controller Off**
Note
Velocity On
-
-
-
-
-
Time
-
-
Type
-
MIDI CC
Min
Max
Max
Max
Max
-
MIDI CC
Min
-
-
-
Min
Min
-
*General MIDI SysEx messages
**Press “0,” and then press the Enter key. Next press the Data - button
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Oxygen Series
User Guide 6
Appendix C - Useful MIDI Data
Piano
Bass
Reed
Synth Effects
0 Acoustic Grand Piano
1 Bright Acoustic Piano
2 Electric grand Piano
3 Honky Tonk Piano
4 Electric Piano 1
5 Electric Piano 2
6 Harpsichord
32 Acoustic Bass
33 Fingered Bass
34 Electric Picked Bass
35 Fretless Bass
36 Slap Bass 1
37 Slap Bass 2
38 Syn Bass 1
39 Syn Bass 2
64 Soprano Sax
65 Alto Sax
66 Tenor Sax
67 Baritone Sax
68 Oboe
69 English Horn
70 Bassoon
71 Clarinet
96 SFX Rain
97 SFX Soundtrack
98 SFX Crystal
99 SFX Atmosphere
100 SFX Brightness
101 SFX Goblins
102 SFX Echoes
103 SFX Sci-Fi
7 Clavinet
Chromatic Percussion Strings/Orchestra
Pipe
Ethnic
8 Celesta
40 Violin
72 Piccolo
104 Sitar
9 Glockenspiel
10 Music Box
11 Vibraphone
12 Marimba
13 Xylophone
14 Tubular bells
15 Dulcimer
41 Viola
42 Cello
73 Flute
105 Banjo
106 Shamisen
107 Koto
108 Kalimba
109 Bag Pipe
110 Fiddle
111 Shanai
74 Recorder
75 Pan Flute
76 Bottle Blow
77 Shakuhachi
78 Whistle
43 Contrabass
44 Tremolo Strings
45 Pizzicato Strings
46 Orchestral Harp
47 Timpani
79 Ocarina
Organ
Ensemble
Synth Lead
Percussive
16 Drawbar Organ
17 Percussive Organ
18 Rock Organ
19 Church Organ
20 Reed Organ
21 Accordion
48 String Ensemble 1
49 String Ensemble 2
50 Syn Strings 1
51 Syn Strings 2
52 Choir Aahs
53 Voice Oohs
54 Syn Choir
55 Orchestral Hit
80 Syn Square Wave
81 Syn Sawtooth Wave
82 Syn Calliope
83 Syn Chiff
84 Syn Charang
85 Syn Voice
86 Syn Sawtooth Wave
87 Syn Brass & Lead
112 Tinkle Bell
113 Agogo
114 Steel Drums
115 Woodblock
116 Taiko Drum
117 Melodic Tom
118 Syn Drum
119 Reverse Cymbal
22 Harmonica
23 Tango Accordion
Guitar
Brass
Synth Pad
Sound Effects
24 Nylon Acoustic
25 Steel Acoustic
26 Jazz Electric
27 Clean Electric
28 Muted Electric
29 Overdrive
56 Trumpet
57 Trombone
58 Tuba
59 Muted Trumpet
60 French Horn
61 Brass Section
61 Syn Brass 1
62 Syn Brass 2
88 New Age Syn Pad
89 Warm Syn Pad
90 Polysynth Syn Pad
91 Choir Syn Pad
92 Bowed Syn Pad
93 Metal Syn Pad
94 Halo Syn Pad
120 Guitar Fret Noise
121 Breath Noise
122 Seashore
123 Bird Tweet
124 Telephone Ring
125 Helicopter
30 Distorted
31 Harmonics
126 Applause
127 Gun Shot
95 Sweep Syn Pad
NOTE: Some MIDI devices count preset sounds from 1-128 instead of 0-127. As a result, there may be an offset
of +/-1 between the program change number sent from the keyboard and the recalled sound preset on your module.
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7 User Guide
Oxygen Series
MIDI Note Numbers
Octave (n)
Note Numbers
Cn
0
C#n
1
Dn
2
D#n
3
En
4
Fn
5
F#n
6
Gn
7
G#
8
A
A#n
10
Bn
11
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
9
12
24
36
48
60
72
84
96
108
120
13
14
26
38
50
62
74
86
98
110
122
15
27
39
51
63
75
87
99
111
123
16
28
40
52
64
76
88
100
112
124
17
29
41
53
65
77
89
101
113
125
18
19
31
43
55
67
79
91
103
115
127
20
32
44
56
68
80
92
104
116
21
33
45
57
69
81
93
105
117
22
23
35
47
59
71
83
95
107
119
25
30
34
37
42
46
49
54
58
61
66
70
73
78
82
85
90
94
97
102
114
126
106
118
109
121
Appendix D - DirectLink Transport Control Assignments
Pro Tools 8 users can access additional functions via the Loop button:
1. Holding the Loop button while pressing one of the other Transport Control buttons gives access to additional Pro
Tools transport functions.
Button
Pro Tools Control
Modified Button
Pro Tools Control
LOOP*
-
-
-
REW
FWD
STOP
PLAY
REC
REW
FWD
STOP
PLAY
REC
LOOP + REW
LOOP + FWD
LOOP + STOP
LOOP + PLAY
LOOP + REC
Goto Start
Goto End
Undo
Loop Play Mode
Loop Record Mode
2.Quickly pressing the Loop button toggles the control knobs on your Oxygen keyboard between Instrument Mode
and Mixer mode.
• Mixer mode (default):, The 8 knobs control their corresponding tracks’ pan or balance settings.
• Instrument Mode: The 8 control knobs automatically map to 8 parameters on the active Instrument or Effect
Plug-In. The Instrument mode parameter mapping can be customized by clicking the "learn" button in the
upper right corner of the Plug-In. Please check the Pro Tools 8 documentation for more details.
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Oxygen Series
User Guide 8
Appendix E - Hexadecimal Conversion Chart
Hexadecimal to Decimal Conversion Chart
Hexadecimal Value
0
Decimal Value
0
Hexadecimal Value
Decimal Value
Hexadecimal Value
Decimal Value
2B
43
56
86
1
1
2C
2D
2E
2F
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
3A
3B
3C
3D
3E
3F
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
4A
4B
4C
4D
4E
4F
50
51
52
53
54
55
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
57
58
59
5A
5B
5C
5D
5E
5F
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
6A
6B
6C
6D
6E
6F
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
7A
7B
7C
7D
7E
7F
87
2
2
88
3
3
89
4
4
90
5
5
91
6
6
92
7
7
93
8
8
94
9
9
95
0A
0B
0C
0D
0E
0F
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
1A
1B
1C
1D
1E
1F
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
2A
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
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9 User Guide
Oxygen Series
Appendix F - Roland GS & Yamaha XG NRPN Messages
NRPN
MSB
CC99
01
NRPN
LSB
CC98
08
Data
MSB
CC06
00-7F
00-7F
00-7F
00-7F
00-7F
00-7F
00-7F
00-7F
00-7F
00-7F
00-7F
00-7F
00-7F
00-7F
00-7F
00-7F
00-7F
00-7F
00-7F
Data
LSB
CC38
n/a (-64 - 0 - +63) Vibrato Rate (relative change)
n/a (-64 - 0 - +63) Vibrato Depth (relative change)
n/a (-64 - 0 - +63) Vibrato Delay (relative change)
n/a (-64 - 0 - +63) Filter Cutoff Freq. (relative change)
n/a (-64 - 0 - +63) Filter Resonance (relative change)
n/a (-64 - 0 - +63) EG (TVF&TVA) Attack Time (relative change)
n/a (-64 - 0 - +63) EG (TVF&TVA) Decay Time (relative change)
n/a (-64 - 0 - +63) EG (TVF&TVA) Release Time (relative change)
n/a (-64 - 0 - +63) Drum Filter Cutoff Freq. (relative change)*
n/a (-64 - 0 - +63) Drum Filter Resonance (relative change)*
n/a (-64 - 0 - +63) Drum EG Attack Rate (relative change)*
n/a (-64 - 0 - +63) Drum EG Decay Rate (relative change)*
n/a (-64 - 0 - +63) Drum Instrument Pitch Coarse (relative change)
n/a (-64 - 0 - +63) Drum Instrument Pitch Fine (relative change)*
n/a (0 to Max) Drum Instrument Level (absolute change)
n/a (Random, L>C>R) Drum Instrument Pan pot (absolute change)
n/a (0 to Max) Drum Instrument Reverb Send Level (absolute change)
n/a (0 to Max) Drum Instrument Chorus Send Level (absolute change)
n/a (0 to Max) Drum Instrument Variation Send Level (absolute change)**
01
09
01
0A
01
20
01
21
01
63
01
64
01
66
14
00-7F
00-7F
00-7F
00-7F
00-7F
00-7F
00-7F
00-7F
00-7F
00-7F
00-7F
15
16
17
18
19
1A
1C
1D
1E
1F
*added by Yamaha XG;
**changed from Delay to Variation by Yamaha XG
Appendix G - General MIDI Reverb and Chorus Types
Reverb Types
0: Small Room
1: Medium Room
2: Large Room
3: Medium Hall
4: Large Hall
5: Plate
Chorus Types
0: Chorus 1
1: Chorus 2
2: Chorus 3
3: Chorus 4
4: FB Chorus
5: Flanger
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M-AUDIO
TECHNICAL SUPPORT
PRODUCT INFORMATION
For company and product information
5795 Martin Road
Irwindale, CA 91706, USA
Visit the M-Audio Online Support Center
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