GHz
2,4
802.11g
Wireless-G
Router for Mobile Broadband
WIRELESS
User Guide
Model No.
WRT54G3G-VN
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Wireless-G Router for Mobile Broadband
Table of Contents
Chapter 1: Introduction
1
1
Welcome
What’s in this User Guide?
2
Chapter 2: Planning Your Wireless Network
Network Topology
4
4
4
4
Ad-Hoc versus Infrastructure Mode
Network Layout
Chapter 3: Getting to Know the Wireless-G Router for Mobile Broadband
The Router’s Ports
6
6
7
The Router’s LEDs
The Router’s Data Card Slot
8
Chapter 4: Connecting the Wireless-G Router for Mobile Broadband
Overview
9
9
Hardware Installation for Use of the Mobile Broadband Service Only
Hardware Installation for Connection to Your Broadband Modem
Hardware Installation for Connection to Another Router
Placement Options
9
11
13
15
17
17
18
23
24
25
26
27
28
31
32
34
35
35
37
Chapter 5: Configuring the Wireless-G Router for Mobile Broadband
Overview
The Setup Tab - Basic Setup
The Setup Tab - Mobile Network
The Setup Tab - DDNS
The Setup Tab - MAC Address Clone
The Setup Tab - Advanced Routing
The Wireless Tab - Basic Wireless Settings
The Wireless Tab - Wireless Security
The Wireless Tab - Wireless MAC Filter
The Wireless Tab - Advanced Wireless Settings
The Security Tab - Firewall
The Security Tab - VPN Passthrough
The Access Restrictions Tab - Internet Access
The Applications and Gaming Tab - Port Range Forward
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Wireless-G Router for Mobile Broadband
The Applications & Gaming Tab - Port Triggering
The Applications and Gaming Tab - DMZ
The Applications and Gaming Tab - QoS
The Administration Tab - Management
The Administration Tab - Log
The Administration Tab - Diagnostics
The Administration Tab - Factory Defaults
The Administration Tab - Firmware Upgrade
The Administration Tab - Config Management
The Status Tab - Mobile Network
The Status Tab - Router
38
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42
43
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64
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64
67
The Status Tab - Local Network
The Status Tab - Wireless
Appendix A: Troubleshooting
Common Problems and Solutions
Frequently Asked Questions
Appendix B: Wireless Security
Security Precautions
Security Threats Facing Wireless Networks
Appendix C: Upgrading Firmware
Appendix D: Windows Help
68
Appendix E: Finding the MAC Address and IP Address for Your Ethernet Adapter 69
Windows 2000 or XP Instructions
For the Router’s Web-based Utility
Appendix F: Glossary
69
69
71
Appendix G: Specifications
Appendix H: Warranty Information
Appendix I: Regulatory Information
76
78
79
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Wireless-G Router for Mobile Broadband
List of Figures
Figure 3-1: The Router’s Ports
6
6
7
Figure 3-2: The Router’s Front Panel
Figure 3-3: The Router’s LEDs
Figure 3-4: The Router’s Data Card Slot
Figure 4-1: Connect Your Computer
Figure 4-2: Connect the Power
Figure 4-3: Connect the Broadband Modem
Figure 4-4: Connect Your Computer
Figure 4-5: Connect the Power
Figure 4-6: Diagram for Connection to Another Router
Figure 4-7: Connect Another Router
Figure 4-8: Connect Your Computer
Figure 4-9: Connect the Power
Figure 4-10: Stand Attached to the Router
Figure 4-11: Measurement between Wall-Mount Slots
Figure 5-1: Password Screen
Figure 5-2: Setup Tab - Basic Setup
Figure 5-3: DHCP Connection Type
Figure 5-4: Static IP Connection Type
Figure 5-5: PPPoE Connection Type
Figure 5-6: PPTP Connection Type
Figure 5-7: L2TP Connection Type
Figure 5-8: Optional Settings
Figure 5-9: Router IP
Figure 5-10: Network Address Server Settings
Figure 5-11: Time Setting
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Figure 5-12: Setup Tab - Mobile Network
Figure 5-13: Setup Tab - DDNS (DynDNS.org)
Figure 5-14: Setup Tab - DDNS (TZO.org)
Figure 5-15: Setup Tab - MAC Address Clone
Figure 5-16: Setup Tab - Advanced Routing (Gateway)
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Wireless-G Router for Mobile Broadband
Figure 5-17: Setup Tab - Advanced Routing (Router)
Figure 5-18: Wireless Tab - Basic Wireless Settings
Figure 5-19: Wireless Tab - Wireless Security (WPA2 Personal)
Figure 5-20: Wireless Tab - Wireless Security (WPA Personal - TKIP)
Figure 5-21: Wireless Tab - Wireless Security (WPA Personal - AES)
Figure 5-22: Wireless Tab - Wireless Security (WPA2 Enterprise)
Figure 5-23: Wireless Tab - Wireless Security (WPA Enterprise - TKIP)
Figure 5-24: Wireless Tab - Wireless Security (WPA Enterprise - AES)
Figure 5-25: Wireless Tab - Wireless Security (RADIUS)
Figure 5-26: Wireless Tab - Wireless Security (WEP)
Figure 5-27: Wireless Tab - Wireless MAC Filter
Figure 5-28: MAC Address Filter List
Figure 5-29: Wireless Tab - Advanced Wireless Settings
Figure 5-30: Security Tab - Firewall
Figure 5-31: Security Tab - VPN Passthrough
Figure 5-32: Access Restrictions Tab - Internet Access
Figure 5-33: Internet Policy Summary
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Figure 5-34: List of PCs
Figure 5-35: Port Services
Figure 5-36: Applications and Gaming Tab - Port Range Forward
Figure 5-37: Applications and Gaming Tab - Port Triggering
Figure 5-38: Applications and Gaming Tab - DMZ
Figure 5-39: Applications and Gaming Tab - QoS
Figure 5-40: Administration Tab - Management
Figure 5-41: Administration Tab - Log
Figure 5-42: Administration Tab - Diagnostics
Figure 5-43: The Ping Test
Figure 5-44: The Traceroute Test
Figure 5-45: Administration Tab - Factory Defaults
Figure 5-46: Administration Tab - Firmware Upgrade
Figure 5-47: Administration Tab - Config Management
Figure 5-48: Status Tab - Mobile Network
Figure 5-49: Status Tab - Router
Figure 5-50: Status Tab - Local Network
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Wireless-G Router for Mobile Broadband
Figure 5-51: Status Tab - Wireless
Figure C-1: Upgrade Firmware
48
67
69
69
69
70
70
Figure E-1: IP Configuration Screen
Figure E-2: MAC Address/Adapter Address
Figure E-3: MAC Address/Physical Address
Figure E-4: MAC Address Filter List
Figure E-5: MAC Address Clone
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Wireless-G Router for Mobile Broadband
Chapter 1: Introduction
Welcome
Thank you for choosing the Linksys Wireless-G Router for Mobile Broadband. The Wireless-G Router for
Mobile Broadband will allow you to network wirelessly better than ever, sharing Internet access, files and fun,
easily and securely.
How does the Wireless-G Router for Mobile Broadband do all of this? A router is a device that allows access to an
Internet connection over a network. With the Wireless-G Router for Mobile Broadband, you can access the
Internet through either your mobile broadband service (requires a mobile broadband data card, available
separately), or you can use a cable or DSL modem for broadband service. Plus, this access can be shared over
the four switched ports or via the wireless broadcast at up to 54Mbps for Wireless-G or up to 11Mbps for
Wireless-B.
wpa (wi-fi protected access): a wireless security
protocol using TKIP (Temporal Key Integrity Protocol)
encryption, which can be used in conjunction with a
RADIUS server.
wpa2 (wi-fi protected access2: a wireless security protocol
using TKIP (Temporal Key Integrity Protocol) encryption and
AES (Advanced Encryption System) with dynamic encryption
keys, which can be used in conjunction with a RADIUS server.
Use the WPA or WPA2 standard to secure your wireless network while the whole network is protected through a
Stateful Packet Inspection (SPI) firewall and Network Address Translation (NAT) technology. Run the Setup Wizard
and it will guide you through the steps. You can also access the Router’s features through the easy-to-use,
browser-based utility.
spi (stateful packet inspection) firewall: a technology
that inspects incoming packets of information before
allowing them to enter the network.
But what does all of this mean?
Networks are useful tools for sharing computer resources. You can access one printer from different computers
and access data located on another computer's hard drive. Networks are even used for playing multiplayer video
games. So, networks are not only useful in homes and offices, they can also be fun.
firewall: Security measures that protect the
resources of a local network from intruders.
nat (network address translation): NAT technology
translates IP addresses of a local area network to a
different IP address for the Internet.
PCs on a wired network create a LAN, or Local Area Network. They are connected with Ethernet cables, which is
why the network is called “wired”.
PCs equipped with wireless cards or adapters can communicate without cumbersome cables. By sharing the
same wireless settings, within their transmission radius, they form a wireless network. This is sometimes called
a WLAN, or Wireless Local Area Network. The Wireless-G Router for Mobile Broadband bridges wireless networks
of both 802.11b and 802.11g standards and wired networks, allowing them to communicate with each other.
lan (local area network): The computers and
networking products that make up the network in
your home or office.
With your networks all connected, wired, wireless, and the Internet, you can now share files and Internet
access—and even play games. All the while, the Wireless-G Router for Mobile Broadband protects your networks
from unauthorized and unwelcome users.
Chapter 1: Introduction
Welcome
1
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Wireless-G Router for Mobile Broadband
Linksys recommends using the Setup CD-ROM for first-time installation of the Router. If you do not wish to run
the Setup Wizard on the Setup CD-ROM, then use the instructions in this Guide to help you connect the
Wireless-G Router for Mobile Broadband, set it up, and configure it to bridge your different networks. These
instructions should be all you need to get the most out of the Wireless-G Router for Mobile Broadband.
What’s in this User Guide?
This user guide covers the steps for setting up and using the Wireless-G Router for Mobile Broadband.
•
•
•
•
•
Chapter 1: Introduction
This chapter describes the Router’s applications and this User Guide.
Chapter 2: Planning Your Wireless Network
This chapter describes the basics of wireless networking.
Chapter 3: Getting to Know the Wireless-G Router for Mobile Broadband
This chapter describes the physical features of the Router.
Chapter 4: Connecting the Wireless-G Router for Mobile Broadband
This chapter instructs you on how to connect the Router to your network.
Chapter 5: Configuring the Wireless-G Router for Mobile Broadband
This chapter explains how to use the Web-based Utility to configure the settings on the Wireless-G Router for
Mobile Broadband.
•
Appendix A: Troubleshooting
This appendix describes some problems and solutions, as well as frequently asked questions, regarding
installation and use of the Wireless-G Router for Mobile Broadband.
•
•
•
Appendix B: Wireless Security
This appendix explains the risks of wireless networking and some solutions to reduce the risks.
Appendix C: Upgrading Firmware
This appendix instructs you on how to upgrade the firmware on the Router should you need to do so.
Appendix D: Windows Help
This appendix describes how you can use Windows Help for instructions about networking, such as installing
the TCP/IP protocol.
Chapter 1: Introduction
What’s in this User Guide?
2
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Wireless-G Router for Mobile Broadband
•
Appendix E: Finding the MAC Address and IP Address for your Ethernet Adapter.
This appendix describes how to find the MAC address for your computer’s Ethernet adapter so you can use
the MAC filtering and/or MAC address cloning feature of the Router.
•
•
•
•
•
Appendix F: Glossary
This appendix gives a brief glossary of terms frequently used in networking.
Appendix G: Specifications
This appendix provides the technical specifications for the Router.
Appendix H: Warranty Information
This appendix supplies the warranty information for the Router.
Appendix I: Regulatory Information
This appendix supplies the regulatory information regarding the Router.
Appendix J: Contact Information
This appendix provides contact information for a variety of Linksys resources, including Technical Support.
Chapter 1: Introduction
What’s in this User Guide?
3
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Wireless-G Router for Mobile Broadband
Chapter 2: Planning Your Wireless Network
Network Topology
A wireless local area network (WLAN) is exactly like a regular local area network (LAN), except that each
computer in the WLAN uses a wireless device to connect to the network. Computers in a WLAN share the same
frequency channel and SSID, which is an identification name shared by the wireless devices belonging to the
ssid (service set identifier): your wireless network’s name.
same wireless network.
Ad-Hoc versus Infrastructure Mode
Unlike wired networks, wireless networks have two different modes in which they may be set up: infrastructure
and ad-hoc. An infrastructure configuration is a WLAN and wired LAN communicating to each other through an
access point. An ad-hoc configuration is wireless-equipped computers communicating directly with each other.
Choosing between these two modes depends on whether or not the wireless network needs to share data or
peripherals with a wired network or not.
infrastructure: a wireless network that is bridged
to a wired network via an access point.
ad-hoc: a group of wireless devices
communicating directly to each other (peer-to-
peer) without the use of an access point.
If the computers on the wireless network need to be accessible by a wired network or need to share a peripheral,
such as a printer, with the wired network computers, the wireless network should be set up in Infrastructure
mode. The basis of Infrastructure mode centers around a wireless router or an access point, such as the
Wireless-G Router for Mobile Broadband, which serves as the main point of communications in a wireless
network. The Router transmits data to PCs equipped with wireless network adapters, which can roam within a
certain radial range of the Router. You can arrange the Router and multiple access points to work in succession
to extend the roaming range, and you can set up your wireless network to communicate with your Ethernet
hardware as well.
If the wireless network is relatively small and needs to share resources only with the other computers on the
wireless network, then the Ad-Hoc mode can be used. Ad-Hoc mode allows computers equipped with wireless
transmitters and receivers to communicate directly with each other, eliminating the need for a wireless router or
access point. The drawback of this mode is that in Ad-Hoc mode, wireless-equipped computers are not able to
communicate with computers on a wired network. And, of course, communication between the wireless-
equipped computers is limited by the distance and interference directly between them.
Network Layout
The Wireless-G Router for Mobile Broadband has been specifically designed for use with both your 802.11b and
802.11g products. It is compatible with all 802.11g and 802.11b adapters, such as the notebook adapters for your
Chapter 2: Planning Your Wireless Network
Network Topology
4
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Wireless-G Router for Mobile Broadband
laptop computers, PCI adapters for your desktop PCs, and USB adapters when you want to enjoy USB
connectivity. The Router will also communicate with the Wireless PrintServer and Wireless Ethernet Bridges.
When you wish to connect your wireless network with your wired network, you can use the Wireless-G Router for
Mobile Broadband’s four Ethernet LAN ports. To add more ports, any of the Router's LAN ports can be connected
to any of Linksys's switches.
With these, and many other Linksys products, your networking options are limitless. Go to the Linksys website at
Mobile Broadband.
Chapter 2: Planning Your Wireless Network
Network Layout
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Wireless-G Router for Mobile Broadband
Chapter 3: Getting to Know the Wireless-G Router for
Mobile Broadband
The Router’s Ports
The Router's ports and Reset button are located on the side panel with the antenna port.
Figure 3-1: The Router’s Ports
Antenna
Internet
The antenna port is where you will attach the Router’s antenna.
Security
Bracket
The Internet port is where you will connect your broadband Internet connection, if you are
using broadband WAN service.
Ethernet
1, 2, 3, 4
These ports (1, 2, 3, 4) connect the Router to your PCs and other Ethernet network devices.
Figure 3-2: The Router’s Front Panel
Security Bracket The bracket labeled “RESET” clips onto the Router. It covers the Reset button and the security
slot on the Router’s front panel. You can remove the security bracket to access the Reset
button. To protect the Router from theft, you can attach a lock to the Router using the security
slot and bracket.
IMPORTANT: Resetting the Router will erase
all of your settings (Internet connection,
wireless security, and other settings) and
replace them with the factory defaults. Do not
reset the Router if you want to retain these
settings.
Reset Button
There are two ways to reset the Router's factory defaults. Either press the Reset button, for
approximately five seconds, or restore the defaults from the Administration tab - Factory
Defaults tab in the Router's Web-based Utility.
Power
The Power port is where you will connect the power adapter.
Chapter 3: Getting to Know the Wireless-G Router for Mobile Broadband
The Router’s Ports
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The Router’s LEDs
The Router’s LEDs are located on the Router’s other side panel.
Figure 3-3: The Router’s LEDs
Data Card ButtonThis button allows you to connect to and disconnect from the mobile network (you can also
connect and disconnect using the Basic Setup tab of the Router’s Web-based Utility).
POWER
Green. The POWER LED lights up and will stay on when the Router is powered on. When the
Router goes through its self-diagnostic mode during every boot-up, this LED will flash. When
the diagnostic is complete, the LED will be solidly lit.
ETHERNET
1, 2, 3, 4
Green. These numbered LEDs, corresponding with the numbered ports on the Router’s back
panel, serve two purposes. If the LED is continuously lit, the Router is successfully connected
to a device through that port. A flashing LED indicates network activity over that port.
DMZ
Green. The DMZ LED lights up and will remain lit while the Router uses its DMZ function.
WIRELESS
Green. The WIRELESS LED lights up whenever there is a successful wireless connection. If the
LED is flashing, the Router is actively sending or receiving data over the wireless network.
DATA CARD
Blue.The DATA CARD LED flashes as the Router connects to the mobile network. It is solidly lit
when the connection is established.
The LED quickly flashes if the Router does not have a connection to the mobile network. A data
card must be inserted into the Router when you press the Data Card Connect/Disconnect
button.
INTERNET
Green. The INTERNET LED lights up when a connection is made through the Internet port.
Chapter 3: Getting to Know the Wireless-G Router for Mobile Broadband
The Router’s LEDs
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The Router’s Data Card Slot
The Router’s Data Card slot is located on the Router’s top panel.
Figure 3-4: The Router’s Data Card Slot
Data Card Slot Insert the mobile broadband data card (available separately) into this slot if the Router will
connect to a mobile broadband service.
Chapter 3: Getting to Know the Wireless-G Router for Mobile Broadband
The Router’s Data Card Slot
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Chapter 4: Connecting the Wireless-G Router for Mobile
Broadband
Overview
This chapter includes three sets of instructions. Follow the instructions for your configuration.
•
•
•
If the Router will use the mobile broadband service only, follow the instructions in “Hardware Installation for
Use of the Mobile Broadband Service.”
If the Router will be the only router in your network and you have a broadband modem, follow the instructions
in “Hardware Installation for Connection to Your Broadband Modem.”
If you want to install the Wireless-G Router for Mobile Broadband behind another router in your network, then
follow the instructions in “Hardware Installation for Connection to Another Router.”
Hardware Installation for Use of the Mobile Broadband Service Only
1. Power down your network devices.
2. Locate an optimum location for the Router. The best place for the Router is usually at the center of your
wireless network, with line of sight to all of your mobile stations.
3. Attach the antenna and fix its direction. Try to place the Router in a position that will best cover your wireless
network. Normally, the higher you place the antenna, the better the performance will be.
Chapter 4: Connecting the Wireless-G Router for Mobile Broadband
Overview
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Wireless-G Router for Mobile Broadband
4. Connect your network PCs or Ethernet devices to the Router’s numbered ports using standard Ethernet
network cabling.
Figure 4-1: Connect Your Computer
IMPORTANT: Make sure you use the power
adapter that is supplied with the Router. Use of a
different power adapter could damage the Router.
5. Connect the power adapter to the Router's Power port, and plug the other end into an electrical outlet. Only
use the power adapter supplied with the Router. Use of a different adapter may result in product damage.
Figure 4-2: Connect the Power
Proceed to the section at the end of this chapter, “Placement Options.”
Chapter 4: Connecting the Wireless-G Router for Mobile Broadband
Hardware Installation for Use of the Mobile Broadband Service Only
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Wireless-G Router for Mobile Broadband
Hardware Installation for Connection to Your Broadband Modem
1. Power down your network devices.
2. Locate an optimum location for the Router. The best place for the Router is usually at the center of your
wireless network, with line of sight to all of your mobile stations.
3. Attach the antenna and fix its direction. Try to place the Router in a position that will best cover your wireless
network. Normally, the higher you place the antenna, the better the performance will be.
4. Connect a standard Ethernet network cable to the Router’s Internet port. Then, connect the other end of the
Ethernet cable to your cable or DSL broadband modem.
Figure 4-3: Connect the Broadband Modem
Chapter 4: Connecting the Wireless-G Router for Mobile Broadband
Hardware Installation for Connection to Your Broadband Modem
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Wireless-G Router for Mobile Broadband
5. Connect your network PCs or Ethernet devices to the Router’s numbered ports using standard Ethernet
network cabling.
6. Connect the power adapter to the Router's Power port, and plug the other end into an electrical outlet. Only
use the power adapter supplied with the Router. Use of a different adapter may result in product damage.
Proceed to the section at the end of this chapter, “Placement Options.”
IMPORTANT: Make sure you use the power
adapter that is supplied with the Router. Use of a
different power adapter could damage the Router.
Figure 4-4: Connect Your Computer
Figure 4-5: Connect the Power
Chapter 4: Connecting the Wireless-G Router for Mobile Broadband
Hardware Installation for Connection to Your Broadband Modem
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Wireless-G Router for Mobile Broadband
Hardware Installation for Connection to Another Router
Broadband
Modem
Before you install the Wireless-G Router for Mobile Broadband, you will need to check if the default IP address of
the other Router is 192.168.1.1. If so, there will be an IP address conflict with the new Router. Follow the
instructions below to change the default IP address of the existing Router to 192.168.2.1.
Internet
NOTE: Steps 1-4 are instructions for a typical Linksys router; however, if you are using
a non-Linksys router, refer to the other router’s documentation for instructions on how
to change its local IP address to 192.168.2.1.
Router
First, make sure the Router is NOT connected to your network. Then follow these instructions:
1. To access the other Router’s Web-based Utility, launch Internet Explorer or Netscape Navigator, and enter the
other router’s default IP address in the Address field. Then press Enter.
2. A password request page will appear. Leave the User Name field blank. In the Password field, enter the
password you have set (the default password is admin). Then click the OK button.
3. The first screen that appears will display the Setup tab. In the Network Setup section, there is a setting
Wireless-G Router
for Mobile
called Local IP Address, which is set to 192.168.1.1. Change this to 192.168.2.1.
4. Click the Save Settings button to save your change, and then exit the Web-based Utility.
5. Power down your network devices. Now you will begin the hardware installation of Router.
Broadband
6. Locate an optimum location for the Router. The best place for the Router is usually at the center of your
wireless network, with line of sight to all of your mobile stations.
Multiple PCs
Figure 4-6: Diagram for Connection to Another Router
7. Attach the antenna and fix its direction. Try to place the Router in a position that will best cover your
wireless network. Normally, the higher you place the antenna, the better the performance will be.
8. Connect a standard Ethernet network cable to the Router’s Internet port. Then, connect the other end of the
Ethernet cable to one of the numbered Ethernet ports on your other router.
Figure 4-7: Connect Another Router
Chapter 4: Connecting the Wireless-G Router for Mobile Broadband
Hardware Installation for Connection to Another Router
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Wireless-G Router for Mobile Broadband
9. Decide which network computers or Ethernet devices you want to connect to the Router.
Disconnect the selected computers or devices from the other router, and then connect them to the Router’s
numbered ports using standard Ethernet network cabling.
Figure 4-8: Connect Your Computer
IMPORTANT: Make sure that you use the power
adapter that is supplied with the Router. Use of a
different power adapter could damage the Router.
10. Connect the power adapter to the Router's Power port, and plug the other end into an electrical outlet. Only
use the power adapter supplied with the Router. Use of a different adapter may result in product damage.
Figure 4-9: Connect the Power
Proceed to the next section, “Placement Options.”
Chapter 4: Connecting the Wireless-G Router for Mobile Broadband
Hardware Installation for Connection to Another Router
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Wireless-G Router for Mobile Broadband
Placement Options
There are three ways to place the Router. The first way is to place it horizontally on a surface, so it sits on its four
rubber feet. The second way is to stand the Router vertically on a surface. The third way is to mount it on a wall.
The second and third options are explained in further detail below.
Stand Option
1. Line up the center of the Router’s stand with the center of the Router’s labeled edge.
2. Insert the Router into the stand.
Figure 4-10: Stand Attached to the Router
Chapter 4: Connecting the Wireless-G Router for Mobile Broadband
Placement Options
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Wireless-G Router for Mobile Broadband
Wall-Mount Option
The Router has four wall-mount slots on its bottom panel. The distance between two adjacent slots is
68 mm (2.68 inches).
68 mm
(2,68 inches)
Before you begin, make sure you have two screws that are size #4—this indicates a diameter measurement of
2.845 mm (0.112 inches).
1. Determine where you want to mount the Router.
2. Drill two holes into the wall. Make sure adjacent holes are 68 mm (2.68 inches) apart.
3. Insert a screw into each hole, and leave 5 mm (0.2 inches) of its head exposed.
4. Maneuver the Router so the top wall-mount slots line up with the two screws.
5. Place the wall-mount slots over the screws and slide the Router down until the screws fit snugly into the wall-
mount slots.
Figure 4-11: Measurement between Wall-Mount Slots
Chapter 4: Connecting the Wireless-G Router for Mobile Broadband
Placement Options
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Wireless-G Router for Mobile Broadband
Chapter 5: Configuring the Wireless-G Router for Mobile
Broadband
Overview
NOTE: For first-time installation, Linksys
recommends using the Setup Wizard on the Setup
CD-ROM. If you want to configure advanced settings,
use this chapter to learn about the Web-based Utility.
Linksys recommends using the Setup CD-ROM for first-time installation of the Router. If you do not wish to run
the Setup Wizard on the Setup CD-ROM, then you can use the Web-based Utility to configure the Router. For
advanced users, you may configure the Router’s advanced settings through the Web-based Utility.
HAVE YOU: Enabled TCP/IP on your PCs? PCs
communicate over the network with this protocol.
Refer to “Appendix D: Windows Help” for more
information on TCP/IP.
This chapter will describe each web page in the Utility and each page’s key functions. The utility can be accessed
via your web browser through use of a computer connected to the Router. For a basic network setup, most users
will use these two screens of the Utility:
•
•
Basic Setup. On the Basic Setup screen, enter the settings provided by your Internet Service Provider (ISP).
Management. Click the Administration tab and then the Management tab. The Router’s default password is
admin. To secure the Router, change the Password from its default.
There are seven main tabs: Setup, Wireless, Security, Access Restrictions, Applications & Gaming, Administration,
and Status. Additional tabs will be available after you click one of the main tabs.
To access the Web-based Utility, launch Internet Explorer or Netscape Navigator, and enter the Router’s default IP
address, 192.168.1.1, in the Address field. Then press Enter.
A password request page will appear. Leave the User Name field blank. The first time you open the Web-based
Utility, use the default password admin. (You can set a new password from the Administration tab’s Management
screen.) Then click the OK button.
Figure 5-1: Password Screen
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The Setup Tab - Basic Setup
The first screen that appears displays the Setup tab. This allows you to change the Router's general settings.
Change these settings as described here, and click the Save Settings button to apply your changes or Cancel
Changes to cancel your changes.
Mobile Network Setup
Configure the mobile network settings for the Router in this section.
Mobile Connection. This button enables you to connect to and disconnect from the mobile network through the
Web-based Utility (you can also connect and disconnect using the hardware button on the Router). It will also
indicate the status of the Router’s mobile broadband data card connection.
Status
Network Name. Displayed here is the name of the mobile network the Router is using.
Signal Strength. This indicates the strength of the mobile broadband signal that the Router is receiving.
Internet Setup
The Internet Setup section configures the Router to your Internet connection. Most of this information can be
obtained through your ISP.
Internet Connection Type
Figure 5-2: Setup Tab - Basic Setup
Choose the type of Internet connection your ISP provides from the drop-down menu.
•
DHCP. By default, the Router’s Internet Connection Type is set to Automatic Configuration - DHCP, which
should be kept only if your ISP supports DHCP or you are connecting through a dynamic IP address.
Figure 5-3: DHCP Connection Type
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•
Static IP. If you are required to use a permanent IP address to connect to the Internet, select Static IP.
Internet IP Address. This is the Router’s IP address, when seen from the Internet. Your ISP will provide you
with the IP Address you need to specify here.
Subnet Mask. This is the Router’s Subnet Mask, as seen by users on the Internet (including your ISP). Your ISP
will provide you with the Subnet Mask.
Gateway. Your ISP will provide you with the Gateway Address, which is the ISP server’s IP address.
DNS. Your ISP will provide you with at least one DNS (Domain Name System) Server IP Address.
Figure 5-4: Static IP Connection Type
Static IP address: a fixed address
assigned to a computer or device
connected to a network.
•
PPPoE. Some DSL-based ISPs use PPPoE (Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet) to establish Internet
connections. If you are connected to the Internet through a DSL line, check with your ISP to see if they use
PPPoE. If they do, you will have to enable PPPoE.
User Name and Password. Enter the User Name and Password provided by your ISP.
Connect on Demand: Max Idle Time. You can configure the Router to cut the Internet connection after it has
been inactive for a specified period of time (Max Idle Time). If your Internet connection has been terminated
due to inactivity, Connect on Demand enables the Router to automatically re-establish your connection as
soon as you attempt to access the Internet again. If you wish to activate Connect on Demand, click the radio
button. In the Max Idle Time field, enter the number of minutes you want to have elapsed before your Internet
connection terminates.
Figure 5-5: PPPoE Connection Type
Keep Alive Option: Redial Period. If you select this option, the Router will periodically check your Internet
connection. If you are disconnected, then the Router will automatically re-establish your connection. To use
this option, click the radio button next to Keep Alive. In the Redial Period field, you specify how often you want
the Router to check the Internet connection. The default Redial Period is 30 seconds.
•
PPTP. Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP) is a service that applies to connections in Europe only.
Internet IP Address. This is the Router’s IP address, as seen from the Internet. Your ISP will provide you with
the IP Address you need to specify here.
Subnet Mask. This is the Router’s Subnet Mask, as seen by users on the Internet (including your ISP). Your ISP
will provide you with the Subnet Mask.
Gateway. Your ISP will provide you with the Gateway Address.
Figure 5-6: PPTP Connection Type
User Name and Password. Enter the User Name and Password provided by your ISP.
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Connect on Demand: Max Idle Time. You can configure the Router to cut the Internet connection after it has
been inactive for a specified period of time (Max Idle Time). If your Internet connection has been terminated
due to inactivity, Connect on Demand enables the Router to automatically re-establish your connection as
soon as you attempt to access the Internet again. If you wish to activate Connect on Demand, click the radio
button. In the Max Idle Time field, enter the number of minutes you want to have elapsed before your Internet
connection terminates.
Keep Alive Option: Redial Period. If you select this option, the Router will periodically check your Internet
connection. If you are disconnected, then the Router will automatically re-establish your connection. To use
this option, click the radio button next to Keep Alive. In the Redial Period field, you specify how often you want
the Router to check the Internet connection. The default Redial Period is 30 seconds.
•
L2TP. Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol (L2TP) is a service that tunnels Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) across the
Internet. It is used mostly in European countries.
Server IP Address. Enter the IP address of your ISP’s server. This is provided by your ISP.
User Name and Password. Enter the User Name and Password provided by your ISP.
Connect on Demand: Max Idle Time. You can configure the Router to cut the Internet connection after it has
been inactive for a specified period of time (Max Idle Time). If your Internet connection has been terminated
due to inactivity, Connect on Demand enables the Router to automatically re-establish your connection as
soon as you attempt to access the Internet again. If you wish to activate Connect on Demand, click the radio
button. In the Max Idle Time field, enter the number of minutes you want to have elapsed before your Internet
connection terminates.
Figure 5-7: L2TP Connection Type
Keep Alive Option: Redial Period. If you select this option, the Router will periodically check your Internet
connection. If you are disconnected, then the Router will automatically re-establish your connection. To use
this option, click the radio button next to Keep Alive. In the Redial Period field, you specify how often you want
the Router to check the Internet connection. The default Redial Period is 30 seconds.
Optional Settings
Some of these settings may be required by your ISP. Verify with your ISP before making any changes.
Router Name. In this field, you can type a name of up to 39 characters to represent the Router.
Host Name and Domain Name. These fields allow you to supply a host and domain name for the Router. Some
ISPs, usually cable ISPs, require these names as identification. You may have to check with your ISP to see if your
broadband Internet service has been configured with a host and domain name. In most cases, leaving these
fields blank will work.
Figure 5-8: Optional Settings
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MTU. MTU is the Maximum Transmission Unit. It specifies the largest packet size permitted for Internet
transmission. The default setting, Manual, allows you to enter the largest packet size that will be transmitted.
The recommended size, entered in the Size field, is 1492. You should leave this value in the 1200 to 1500 range.
To have the Router select the best MTU for your Internet connection, select Auto.
Network Setup
The Network Setup section changes the settings on the network connected to the Router’s Ethernet ports.
Wireless setup is performed through the Wireless tab.
Router IP
This presents both the Router’s IP Address and Subnet Mask as seen by your network.
Network Address Server Settings (DHCP)
Figure 5-9: Router IP
The settings allow you to configure the Router’s Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) server function. The
Router can be used as a DHCP server for your network. A DHCP server automatically assigns an IP address to
each computer on your network. If you choose to enable the Router’s DHCP server option, you must configure all
of your network PCs to connect to a DHCP server (the Router), and make sure there is no other DHCP server on
your network.
DHCP Server. DHCP is enabled by factory default. If you already have a DHCP server on your network, or you
don’t want a DHCP server, then click the Disable radio button (no other DHCP features will be available).
Starting IP Address. Enter a value for the DHCP server to start with when issuing IP addresses. Because the
Router’s default IP address is 192.168.1.1, the Starting IP Address must be 192.168.1.2 or greater, but smaller
than 192.168.1.253. The default Starting IP Address is 192.168.1.100.
Figure 5-10: Network Address Server Settings
Maximum Number of DHCP Users. Enter the maximum number of PCs that you want the DHCP server to assign
IP addresses to. This number cannot be greater than 253. The default is 50.
Client Lease Time. The Client Lease Time is the amount of time a network user will be allowed connection to the
Router with their current dynamic IP address. Enter the amount of time, in minutes, that the user will be “leased”
this dynamic IP address. After the time is up, the user will be automatically assigned a new dynamic IP address.
The default is 0 minutes, which means one day.
Static DNS (1-3). The Domain Name System (DNS) is how the Internet translates domain or website names into
Internet addresses or URLs. Your ISP will provide you with at least one DNS Server IP Address. If you wish to use
another, type that IP Address in one of these fields. You can type up to three DNS Server IP Addresses here. The
Router will use these for quicker access to functioning DNS servers.
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WINS. The Windows Internet Naming Service (WINS) manages each PC’s interaction with the Internet. If you use
a WINS server, enter that server’s IP Address here. Otherwise, leave this blank.
Time Setting
Change the time zone in which your network functions from this pull-down menu. Click the checkbox to have the
Router automatically adjust the clock for daylight savings time.
Figure 5-11: Time Setting
Change these settings as described here, and click the Save Settings button to apply your changes or Cancel
Changes to cancel your changes.
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The Setup Tab - Mobile Network
On this screen, you can configure mobile network settings and view mobile broadband status information for the
Router. Some of these settings will be automatically configured by the Router and, in most cases, should not be
changed unless you are instructed to do so.
Mobile Network Connection Mode
Auto Connect. If you select Auto, the Router will automatically connect to the default mobile network when it
powers on. The Router will disconnect from the mobile network after there is no traffic for 60 minutes. If you
want to change this default, enter the number in the Maximum idle time before auto disconnect field. The Router
will automatically reconnect to the mobile network when there is traffic. To manually connect to a mobile
network, click Manual. You can use the Data Card button on the Router to connect and disconnect from the mobil
network.
Mobile Network Status
Figure 5-12: Setup Tab - Mobile Network
Network Name. Displayed here is the name of the mobile network the Router is using.
Signal Strength. This indicates the strength of the mobile broadband signal that the Router is receiving.
Connection Time. This is the length of time the Router has been connected to the mobile network since your last
connection.
Current Session Usage. Displayed here is the amount of data that has been sent to and received from the
mobile network since your last connection.
Data Card Status
Card Model. Displayed here is the model number of your mobile broadband data card.
Card Firmware. This is the firmware version of your mobile broadband data card.
Phone Number. This is the phone number of your mobile broadband data card.
To update the screen with the latest status information, click the Refresh button.
Change these settings as described here, and click the Save Settings button to apply your changes or Cancel
Changes to cancel your changes.
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The Setup Tab - DDNS
The Router offers a Dynamic Domain Name System (DDNS) feature. DDNS lets you assign a fixed host and domain
name to a dynamic Internet IP address. It is useful when you are hosting your own website, FTP server, or other
server behind the Router. Before you can use this feature, you need to sign up for DDNS service with a DDNS
DynDNS.org
DDNS Service. From this pull-down menu, enter the DDNS service with which you have membership.
User Name. Enter the User Name for your DDNS account
Password. Enter the Password for your DDNS account.
Host Name. The is the DDNS URL assigned by the DDNS service.
Internet IP Address. This is the Router’s current IP Address as seen on the Internet.
Status. This displays the status of the DDNS connection.
User Name, Password, and Host Name. Enter the User Name, Password, and Host Name of the account you set
up with DynDNS.org.
Figure 5-13: Setup Tab - DDNS (DynDNS.org)
Internet IP Address. The Gateway’s current Internet IP Address is displayed here. Because it is dynamic, it will
change.
Status. The status of the DDNS service connection is displayed here.
TZO.com
E-mail Address, Password, and Domain Name. Enter the E-mail Address, Password, and Domain Name of the
account you set up with TZO.
Internet IP Address. The Gateway’s current Internet IP Address is displayed here. Because it is dynamic, this will
change.
Status. The status of the DDNS service connection is displayed here.
Change these settings as described here, and click the Save Settings button to apply your changes or Cancel
Changes to cancel your changes.
Figure 5-14: Setup Tab - DDNS (TZO.org)
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The Setup Tab - MAC Address Clone
A MAC address is a 12-digit code assigned to a unique piece of hardware for identification. Some ISPs will
require you to register a MAC address in order to access the Internet. If you do not wish to re-register the MAC
address with your ISP, you may assign the MAC address you have currently registered with your ISP to the Router
with the MAC Address Clone feature.
MAC Clone
Enable/Disable. To have the MAC Address cloned, click the radio button beside Enable.
User Defined Entry. Enter the MAC Address registered with your ISP here.
Clone Your PC’s MAC. Clicking this button will clone the MAC address.
Figure 5-15: Setup Tab - MAC Address Clone
Change these settings as described here, and click the Save Settings button to apply your changes or Cancel
Changes to cancel your changes.
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The Setup Tab - Advanced Routing
This tab is used to set up the Router’s advanced functions. Operating Mode allows you to select the type(s) of
advanced functions you use. Dynamic Routing will automatically adjust how packets travel on your network. Static
Routing sets up a fixed route to another network destination.
Advanced Routing
Operating Mode. Select the mode in which this Router will function. If this Router is hosting your network’s
connection to the Internet, select Gateway. If another Router exists on your network, select Router. When Router is
chosen, Dynamic Routing will be enabled.
Dynamic Routing
RIP. Dynamic Routing enables the Router to automatically adjust to physical changes in the network’s layout and
exchange routing tables with the other router(s). The Router determines the network packets’ route based on the
fewest number of hops between the source and the destination. This feature is Disabled by default. From the drop-
down menu, you can also select LAN & Wireless, which performs dynamic routing over your Ethernet and wireless
networks. You can also select WAN, which performs dynamic routing with data coming from the Internet. Finally,
selecting Both enables dynamic routing for both networks, as well as data from the Internet.
Figure 5-16: Setup Tab - Advanced Routing (Gateway)
Static Routing
Select set number. To set up a static route between the Router and another network, select a number from the
Static Routing drop-down list. (A static route is a pre-determined pathway that network information must travel to
reach a specific host or network.) Enter the information described below to set up a new static route. (Click the
Delete This Entry button to delete a static route.)
Enter Route Name. Enter a name for the Route here, using a maximum of 25 alphanumeric characters.
Destination LAN IP. The Destination LAN IP is the address of the remote network or host to which you want to
assign a static route.
Figure 5-17: Setup Tab - Advanced Routing (Router)
Subnet Mask. The Subnet Mask determines which portion of a Destination LAN IP address is the network
portion, and which portion is the host portion.
Default Gateway. This is the IP address of the gateway device that allows for contact between the Router and
the remote network or host.
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Interface. This interface tells you whether the Destination IP Address is on the LAN & Wireless (Ethernet and
wireless networks), the WAN (Internet), or Loopback (a dummy network in which one PC acts like a network—
necessary for certain software programs).
Click the Show Routing Table button to view the Static Routes you’ve already set up.
Change these settings as described here, and click the Save Settings button to apply your changes or Cancel
Changes to cancel your changes.
The Wireless Tab - Basic Wireless Settings
The basic settings for wireless networking are set on this screen.
Wireless Network
Wireless Network Mode. From this drop-down menu, you can select the wireless standards running on your
network. If you have both 802.11g and 802.11b devices in your network, keep the default setting, Mixed. If you
have only 802.11g devices, select G-Only. If you have only 802.11b devices, select B-Only. If you do not have any
802.11g and 802.11b devices in your network, select Disable.
Wireless Network Name (SSID). The SSID is the network name shared among all devices in a wireless network.
The SSID must be identical for all devices in the wireless network. It is case-sensitive and must not exceed 32
characters (use any of the characters on the keyboard). Make sure this setting is the same for all devices in your
wireless network. For added security, you should change the default SSID (linksys) to a unique name.
Figure 5-18: Wireless Tab - Basic Wireless Settings
Wireless Channel. Select the appropriate channel from the list provided to correspond with your network
settings. All devices in your wireless network must be broadcast on the same channel in order to function
correctly.
Wireless SSID Broadcast. When wireless clients survey the local area for wireless networks to associate with,
they will detect the SSID broadcast by the Router. To broadcast the Router's SSID, keep the default setting,
Enable. If you do not want to broadcast the Router's SSID, then select Disable.
Change these settings as described here, and click the Save Settings button to apply your changes or Cancel
Changes to cancel your changes.
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The Wireless Tab - Wireless Security
The Wireless Security settings configure the security of your wireless network. There are four wireless security
mode options supported by the Router: WPA Personal, WPA2 Personal, WPA Enterprise (also known as WPA-
RADIUS), WPA2 Enterprise, RADIUS, and WEP. (WPA stands for Wi-Fi Protected Access, which is a security
standard stronger than WEP encryption. WEP stands for Wired Equivalent Privacy, while RADIUS stands for
Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service.) These four are briefly discussed here. For detailed instructions on
configuring wireless security for the Router, turn to “Appendix B: Wireless Security.”
IMPORTANT: Linksys strongly recommends that you enable wireless security on your
wireless network. Otherwise, unauthorized users may be able to access the Internet using
your service and incur additional charges. You are liable for any and all additional charges
from your service provider.
Wireless Security
Figure 5-19: Wireless Tab - Wireless Security (WPA2
Personal)
WPA2 Personal. WPA2 automatically uses TKIP + AES with dynamic encryption keys. Enter a WPA Shared Key of
8-63 characters. Then enter a Group Key Renewal period, which instructs the Router how often it should change
the encryption keys.
Change these settings as described here, and click the Save Settings button to apply your changes or Cancel
Changes to cancel your changes.
IMPORTANT: If you are using WPA or WPA2, always remember that each device in your
wireless network MUST use the same WPA method and shared key, or else the network will not
function properly.
Figure 5-20: Wireless Tab - Wireless Security (WPA
Personal - TKIP)
WPA Personal. WPA gives you two encryption methods, TKIP and AES, with dynamic encryption keys. Select the
type of algorithm, TKIP or AES. Enter a WPA Shared Key of 8-63 characters. Then enter a Group Key Renewal
period, which instructs the Router how often it should change the encryption keys.
Change these settings as described here, and click the Save Settings button to apply your changes or Cancel
Changes to cancel your changes.
Figure 5-21: Wireless Tab - Wireless Security (WPA Personal -
AES)
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WPA2 Enterprise. This option features WPA2 used in coordination with a RADIUS server. (This should only be
used when a RADIUS server is connected to the Router.) WPA2 automatically uses TKIP + AES with dynamic
encryption keys. Enter the RADIUS server’s IP Address and port number, along with a key shared between the
Router and the server. Last, enter a Key Renewal Timeout, which instructs the Router how often it should change
the encryption keys.
Change these settings as described here, and click the Save Settings button to apply your changes or Cancel
Changes to cancel your changes.
Figure 5-22: Wireless Tab - Wireless Security (WPA2
Enterprise)
WPA Enterprise. This option features WPA used in coordination with a RADIUS server. (This should only be used
when a RADIUS server is connected to the Router.) First, select the type of WPA algorithm you want to use, TKIP
or AES. Enter the RADIUS server’s IP Address and port number, along with a key shared between the Router and
the server. Last, enter a Key Renewal Timeout, which instructs the Router how often it should change the
encryption keys.
Change these settings as described here, and click the Save Settings button to apply your changes or Cancel
Changes to cancel your changes.
Figure 5-23: Wireless Tab - Wireless Security (WPA
Enterprise - TKIP)
Figure 5-24: Wireless Tab - Wireless Security (WPA Enterprise -
AES)
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RADIUS. This option features WEP used in coordination with a RADIUS server. (This should only be used when a
RADIUS server is connected to the Router.) First, enter the RADIUS server’s IP Address and port number, along
with a key shared between the Router and the server. Then, select a Default Transmit Key (choose which Key to
use), and a level of WEP encryption, 64 bits 10 hex digits or 128 bits 26 hex digits. Last, either generate a
WEP key using the Passphrase or enter the WEP key manually. If you are using 64-bit WEP encryption, the key
must be exactly 10 hexadecimal characters in length. If you are using 128-bit WEP encryption, the key must be
exactly 26 hexadecimal characters in length. Valid hexadecimal characters are “0”-“9” and “A”-“F”.
Change these settings as described here, and click the Save Settings button to apply your changes or Cancel
Changes to cancel your changes.
IMPORTANT: If you are using WEP encryption, always remember that each device in your
wireless network MUST use the same WEP encryption method and encryption key, or else your
wireless network will not function properly.
Figure 5-25: Wireless Tab - Wireless Security (RADIUS)
WEP. WEP is a basic encryption method, which is not as secure as WPA. To use WEP, select a Default Transmit Key
(choose which Key to use), and a level of WEP encryption, 64 bits 10 hex digits or 128 bits 26 hex digits. Then
either generate a WEP key using the Passphrase or enter the WEP key manually. If you are using 64-bit WEP
encryption, the key must be exactly 10 hexadecimal characters in length. If you are using 128-bit WEP
encryption, the key must be exactly 26 hexadecimal characters in length. Valid hexadecimal characters are “0”-
“9” and “A”-“F”.
Change these settings as described here, and click the Save Settings button to apply your changes or Cancel
Changes to cancel your changes.
For detailed instructions on configuring wireless security for the Router, turn to “Appendix B: Wireless Security.”
Figure 5-26: Wireless Tab - Wireless Security (WEP)
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The Wireless Tab - Wireless MAC Filter
Wireless access can be filtered by using the MAC addresses of the wireless devices transmitting within your
network’s radius.
Wireless MAC Filter
Wireless MAC Filter. To filter wireless users by MAC Address, either permitting or blocking access, click Enable.
If you do not wish to filter users by MAC Address, select Disable.
Prevent. Clicking this button will block wireless access by MAC Address.
Figure 5-27: Wireless Tab - Wireless MAC Filter
Permit Only. Clicking this button will allow wireless access by MAC Address.
Edit MAC Address Filter List. Clicking this button will open the MAC Address Filter List. On this screen, you can
list users, by MAC Address, to whom you wish to provide or block access. For easy reference, click the Wireless
Client MAC List button to display a list of network users by MAC Address.
To save your list of MAC addresses, click the Save Settings button to apply your changes or Cancel Changes to
cancel your changes.
Change these settings as described here, and click the Save Settings button to apply your changes or Cancel
Changes to cancel your changes.
Figure 5-28: MAC Address Filter List
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The Wireless Tab - Advanced Wireless Settings
This tab is used to set up the Router’s advanced wireless functions. These settings should only be adjusted by an
expert administrator as incorrect settings can reduce wireless performance.
Advanced Wireless
Authentication Type. The default is set to Auto, which allows either Open System or Shared Key authentication
to be used. With Open System authentication, the sender and the recipient do NOT use a WEP key for
authentication. With Shared Key authentication, the sender and recipient use a WEP key for authentication.
Basic Rate. The Basic Rate setting is not actually one rate of transmission but a series of rates at which the
Router can transmit. The Router will advertise its Basic Rate to the other wireless devices in your network, so
they know which rates will be used. The Router will also advertise that it will automatically select the best rate
for transmission. The default setting is Default, when the Router can transmit at all standard wireless rates
(1-2Mbps, 5.5Mbps, 11Mbps, 18Mbps, and 24Mbps). Other options are 1-2Mbps, for use with older wireless
technology, and All, when the Router can transmit at all wireless rates. The Basic Rate is not the actual rate of
data transmission. If you want to specify the Router’s rate of data transmission, configure the Transmission Rate
setting.
Figure 5-29: Wireless Tab - Advanced Wireless Settings
Transmission Rate. The rate of data transmission should be set depending on the speed of your wireless
network. You can select from a range of transmission speeds, or you can select Auto to have the Router
automatically use the fastest possible data rate and enable the Auto-Fallback feature. Auto-Fallback will
negotiate the best possible connection speed between the Router and a wireless client. The default value is Auto.
CTS Protection Mode. CTS (Clear-To-Send) Protection Mode should remain disabled unless you are having
severe problems with your Wireless-G products not being able to transmit to the Router in an environment with
heavy 802.11b traffic. This function boosts the Router’s ability to catch all Wireless-G transmissions but will
severely decrease performance.
Frame Burst. Enabling this option should provide your network with greater performance, depending on the
manufacturer of your wireless products. If you are not sure how to use this option, keep the default, Disable.
Beacon Interval. The default value is 100. Enter a value between 1 and 65,535 milliseconds. The Beacon Interval
value indicates the frequency interval of the beacon. A beacon is a packet broadcast by the Router to synchronize
the wireless network.
DTIM Interval. This value, between 1 and 255, indicates the interval of the Delivery Traffic Indication Message
(DTIM). A DTIM field is a countdown field informing clients of the next window for listening to broadcast and
multicast messages. When the Router has buffered broadcast or multicast messages for associated clients, it
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sends the next DTIM with a DTIM Interval value. Its clients hear the beacons and awaken to receive the broadcast
and multicast messages. The default value is 1.
Fragmentation Threshold. This value specifies the maximum size for a packet before data is fragmented into
multiple packets. If you experience a high packet error rate, you may slightly increase the Fragmentation
Threshold. Setting the Fragmentation Threshold too low may result in poor network performance. Only minor
reduction of the default value is recommended. In most cases, it should remain at its default value of 2346.
RTS Threshold. Should you encounter inconsistent data flow, only minor reduction of the default value, 2347, is
recommended. If a network packet is smaller than the preset RTS threshold size, the RTS/CTS mechanism will
not be enabled. The Router sends Request to Send (RTS) frames to a particular receiving station and negotiates
the sending of a data frame. After receiving an RTS, the wireless station responds with a Clear to Send (CTS)
frame to acknowledge the right to begin transmission. The RTS Threshold value should remain at its default value
of 2347.
AP Isolation. This isolates all wireless clients and wireless devices on your network from each other. Wireless
devices will be able to communicate with the Router but not with each other. To use this function, select On. AP
Isolation is Off by default.
Change these settings as described here, and click the Save Settings button to apply your changes or Cancel
Changes to cancel your changes.
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The Security Tab - Firewall
Firewall
Firewall Protection. Enable this feature to employ Stateful Packet Inspection (SPI) for more detailed review of
data packets entering your network environment.
Block WAN Requests
Block Anonymous Internet Requests. Use this feature to prevent your network from being “pinged,” or
detected, by other Internet users. The Block WAN Request feature also reinforces your network security by hiding
your network ports. Both functions of the Block WAN Request feature make it more difficult for outside users to
work their way into your network. This feature is enabled by default. Remove the checkmark to allow anonymous
Internet requests.
Figure 5-30: Security Tab - Firewall
Filter Multicast. Multicasting allows for multiple transmissions to specific recipients at the same time. If
multicasting is permitted, then the Router will allow IP multicast packets to be forwarded to the appropriate
computers. This feature is enabled by default. Remove the checkmark to disable this feature.
Filter Internet NAT Redirection. This feature uses port forwarding to block access to local servers from local
networked computers. Click the checkbox to filter Internet NAT redirection, or remove the checkmark to disable
this feature.
Filter IDENT (Port 113). This feature keeps port 113 from being scanned by devices outside of your local
network. This feature is enabled by default. Remove the checkmark to disable this feature.
Change these settings as described here, and click the Save Settings button to apply your changes or Cancel
Changes to cancel your changes.
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The Security Tab - VPN Passthrough
Use this screen to allow VPN tunnels using IPSec, PPTP, or L2TP protocols to pass through the Router’s firewall.
VPN Passthrough
IPSec Passthrough. Internet Protocol Security (IPSec) is a suite of protocols used to implement secure exchange
of packets at the IP layer. To allow IPSec tunnels to pass through the Router, click Enable. IPSec Passthrough is
enabled by default.
Figure 5-31: Security Tab - VPN Passthrough
PPTP Passthrough. Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP) allows the Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) to be
tunneled through an IP network. To allow PPTP tunnels to pass through the Router, click Enable. PPTP
Passthrough is enabled by default.
L2TP Passthrough. Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol is the method used to enable Point-to-Point sessions via the
Internet on the Layer 2 level. To allow L2TP tunnels to pass through the Router, click Enable. L2TP Passthrough is
enabled by default.
Change these settings as described here, and click the Save Settings button to apply your changes or Cancel
Changes to cancel your changes.
The Access Restrictions Tab - Internet Access
The Internet Access screen allows you to block or allow specific kinds of Internet usage and traffic, such as
Internet access, designated services, websites, and inbound traffic during specific days and times.
Internet Access
Internet Access Policy. Access can be managed by a policy. Use the settings on this screen to establish an
access policy (after the Save Settings button is clicked). Selecting a policy from the drop-down menu will
display that policy’s settings. To delete a policy, select that policy’s number and click the Delete button. To view
all the policies, click the Summary button. (Policies can be deleted from the Summary screen by selecting the
policy or policies and clicking the Delete button. To return to the Internet Access tab, click the Close button.)
Status. Policies are disabled by default. To enable a policy, select the policy number from the drop-down menu,
and click the radio button beside Enable.
To create an Internet Access policy:
1. Select a number from the Internet Access Policy drop-down menu.
Figure 5-32: Access Restrictions Tab - Internet Access
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2. To enable this policy, click the radio button beside Enable.
3. Enter a Policy Name in the field provided.
4. Click the Edit List of PCs button to select which PCs will be affected by the policy. The List of PCs screen will
appear. You can select a PC by MAC Address or IP Address. You can also enter a range of IP Addresses if you
want this policy to affect a group of PCs. After making your changes, click the Save Settings button to apply
your changes or Cancel Changes to cancel your changes. Then click the Close button.
5. Click the appropriate option, Deny or Allow, depending on whether you want to block or allow Internet access
for the PCs you listed on the List of PCs screen.
Figure 5-33: Internet Policy Summary
6. Decide which days and what times you want this policy to be enforced. Select the individual days during
which the policy will be in effect, or select Everyday. Then enter a range of hours and minutes during which
the policy will be in effect, or select 24 Hours.
7. You can filter access to various services accessed over the Internet, such as FTP or telnet, by selecting
services from the drop-down menus next to Blocked Services. Then enter the range of ports you want to filter.
If the service you want to block is not listed or you want to edit a service’s settings, then click the Add/Edit
Service button. Then the Port Services screen will appear.
To add a service, enter the service’s name in the Service Name field. Select its protocol from the Protocol
drop-down menu, and enter its range in the Port Range fields. Then click the Add button.
Figure 5-34: List of PCs
To modify a service, select it from the list on the right. Make changes, and then click the Modify button.
To delete a service, select it from the list on the right. Then click the Delete button.
When you are finished making changes on the Port Services screen, click the Apply button to save changes.
If you want to cancel your changes, click the Cancel button. To close the Port Services screen and return to
the Access Restrictions screen, click the Close button.
8. If you want to block websites with specific URL addresses, enter each URL in a separate field next to Website
Blocking by URL Address.
9. If you want to block websites using specific keywords, enter each keyword in a separate field next to Website
Blocking by Keyword.
Figure 5-35: Port Services
10. Click the Save Settings button to save the policy’s settings. To cancel the policy’s settings, click the Cancel
Changes button.
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The Applications and Gaming Tab - Port Range Forward
The Applications and Gaming Tab allows you to set up public services on your network, such as web servers, ftp
servers, e-mail servers, or other specialized Internet applications. (Specialized Internet applications are any
applications that use Internet access to perform functions such as videoconferencing or online gaming. Some
Internet applications may not require any forwarding.)
Port Range Forward
To forward a port, enter the information on each line for the criteria required. The criteria are described here.
Application. In this field, enter the name you wish to give the application. Each name can be up to 12 characters.
Start/End. This is the port range. Enter the number that starts the port range under Start and the number that
ends the range under End.
Protocol. Enter the protocol used for this application, either TCP or UDP, or Both.
IP Address. For each application, enter the IP Address of the PC running the specific application.
Enable. Click the Enable checkbox to enable port forwarding for the relevant application.
Figure 5-36: Applications and Gaming Tab - Port Range
Forward
Change these settings as described here, and click the Save Settings button to apply your changes or Cancel
Changes to cancel your changes.
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The Applications & Gaming Tab - Port Triggering
The Port Triggering screen allows the Router to watch outgoing data for specific port numbers. The IP address of
the computer that sends the matching data is remembered by the Router, so that when the requested data
returns through the Router, the data is pulled back to the proper computer by way of IP address and port mapping
rules.
Port Triggering
Application. Enter the application name of the trigger.
Triggered Range
For each application, list the triggered port number range. Check with the Internet application documentation for
the port number(s) needed.
Start Port. Enter the starting port number of the Triggered Range.
Figure 5-37: Applications and Gaming Tab - Port
Triggering
End Port. Enter the ending port number of the Triggered Range.
Forwarded Range
For each application, list the forwarded port number range. Check with the Internet application documentation for
the port number(s) needed.
Start Port. Enter the starting port number of the Forwarded Range.
End Port. Enter the ending port number of the Forwarded Range.
Enable. Click the Enable checkbox to enable port triggering for the relevant application.
Change these settings as described here, and click the Save Settings button to apply your changes or Cancel
Changes to cancel your changes.
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The Applications and Gaming Tab - DMZ
The DMZ feature allows one network user to be exposed to the Internet for use of a special-purpose service such
as Internet gaming or videoconferencing. DMZ hosting forwards all the ports at the same time to one PC. The Port
Range Forward feature is more secure because it only opens the ports you want to have opened, while DMZ
hosting opens all the ports of one computer, exposing the computer to the Internet.
Any PC whose port is being forwarded must have its DHCP client function disabled and should have a new static
IP address assigned to it because its IP address may change when using the DHCP function.
Figure 5-38: Applications and Gaming Tab - DMZ
DMZ
To expose one PC, select Enable. Then, enter the computer's IP address in the DMZ Host IP Address field.
Change these settings as described here, and click the Save Settings button to apply your changes or Cancel
Changes to cancel your changes.
The Applications and Gaming Tab - QoS
Quality of Service (QoS) ensures better service to high-priority types of network traffic, which may involve
demanding, real-time applications, such as videoconferencing.
There are three types of Wired QoS available, Device Priority, Application Priority, and Ethernet Port Priority. You
can also configure Wireless QoS on this page.
Wired QoS
Enable/Disable. To limit outgoing bandwidth for the QoS policies in use, select Enable. Otherwise, select
Disable.
Upstream Bandwidth. Select the bandwidth to be used from the drop-down menu. This setting allows you to
limit the outgoing bandwidth for the QoS policies in use, so you can control how much bandwidth a particular
application is allowed to use.
Device Priority
Device name, Priority, and MAC Address. For each device, enter the name of your network device in the
Device name field. Then select its Priority and enter its MAC Address.
Figure 5-39: Applications and Gaming Tab - QoS
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Ethernet Port Priority
Port 1-4, Priority, and Flow Control. Ethernet Port Priority QoS allows you to prioritize performance for four of
the Router’s ports, Ethernet (LAN) Ports 1-4. For each of these ports, select High or Low for Priority. For Flow
Control, if you want the Router to control the transmission of data between network devices, select Enable. To
disable this feature, select Disable.
Ethernet Port Priority QoS does not require support from your ISP because the prioritized ports are LAN ports
going out to your network.
Application Priority
Application Priority QoS manages information as it is transmitted and received. You can have gaming application
ports assigned higher priority. You can also configure the Router to assign high or low priority to ports for
applications that you specify.
Optimize Gaming Applications. Click this checkbox if you want the Router to automatically assign higher
priority to common game application ports.
Application Name, Priority, and Specific Port #. Enter the name of the application in the Application Name
field. For each application, select High or Low for Priority and enter its respective port number in the Specific
Port# fields.
Wireless QoS
You can configure the WMM™ (Wi-Fi Multimedia) support and No Acknowledgement settings in this section.
WMM Support. If you have other devices that support WMM on your network, select Enable from the drop-down
menu. Otherwise, keep the default, Disable.
No Acknowledgement. If you want to disable the Router’s Acknowledgement feature, so the Router will not re-
send data if an error occurs, then select Enable from the drop-down menu. Otherwise, keep the default, Disable.
Change these settings as described here, and click the Save Settings button to apply your changes or Cancel
Changes to cancel your changes.
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The Administration Tab - Management
This section of the Administration tab allows the network’s administrator to manage specific Router functions for
access and security.
Router Password
Local Router Access
Router Password and Re-enter to confirm. You can change the Router’s password from here. Enter a new
Router password and then type it again in the Re-enter to confirm field to confirm.
Web Access
Access Server. HTTP (HyperText Transport Protocol) is the communications protocol used to connect to servers
on the World Wide Web. HTTPS is a similar protocol, but it uses SSL (Secured Socket Layer) to encrypt
transmitted data, so security is increased. Select the protocol you want to use, HTTP or HTTPS.
Figure 5-40: Administration Tab - Management
Wireless Access Web. If you are using the Router in a public domain where you are giving wireless access to
your guests, you can disable wireless access to the Router’s Web-based Utility. You will only be able to access the
Web-based Utility via a wired connection if you disable the setting. Select Enable to enable wireless access to
the Router’s Web-based Utility or Disable to disable wireless access to the Utility.
Remote Router Access
Remote Management and Management Port. To access the Router remotely, from outside the network, verify
that Enable is selected. Then, enter the port number that will be open to outside access. You will need to enter
the Router’s password when accessing the Router this way, as usual.
Use https. If you want to require the use of SSL (Secured Socket Layer) to encrypt transmitted data, click the
checkbox.
UPnP
UPnP. When using UPnP features, select Enable. Because allowing this may present a risk to security, this
feature is disabled by default.
Change these settings as described here, and click the Save Settings button to apply your changes or Cancel
Changes to cancel your changes.
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The Administration Tab - Log
The Router can keep logs of all traffic for your Internet connection.
Log
Log. To disable the Log function, keep the default setting, Disable. To monitor traffic between the network and
the Internet, select Enable. When you wish to view the logs, click Incoming Log or Outgoing Log, depending on
which you wish to view.
Figure 5-41: Administration Tab - Log
Change these settings as described here, and click the Save Settings button to apply your changes or Cancel
Changes to cancel your changes.
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The Administration Tab - Diagnostics
The diagnostic tests (Ping and Traceroute) allow you to check the connections of your network components. The
reboot
Ping Test
Ping Parameters. The Ping test will check the status of a connection. Click the Ping button to open the Ping Test
screen. Enter the address of the PC whose connection you wish to test and how many times you wish to test it.
Then, click the Ping button. The Ping Test screen will then display the test results. To stop the test, click the Stop
button. Click the Clear Log button to clear the screen. Click the Close button to return to the Diagnostics screen.
Figure 5-42: Administration Tab - Diagnostics
Traceroute Test
Traceroute Parameters. To test the performance of a connection, click the Traceroute button. Enter the address
of the PC whose connection you wish to test and click the Traceroute button. The Traceroute screen will then
display the test results. To stop the test, click the Stop button. Click the Clear Log button to clear the screen.
Click the Close button to return to the Diagnostics screen.
Figure 5-43: The Ping Test
Figure 5-44: The Traceroute Test
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The Administration Tab - Factory Defaults
Factory Defaults
Restore Factory Defaults. Click the Yes button to reset all configuration settings to their default values, and then
click the Save Settings button. Any settings you have saved will be lost when the default settings are restored.
This feature is disabled by default. Click the Cancel Changes button to cancel your change.
Figure 5-45: Administration Tab - Factory Defaults
The Administration Tab - Firmware Upgrade
Upgrade Firmware
To upgrade the Router’s firmware, first download the firmware from the Linksys website. Then extract the file on
your computer. Do not upgrade your firmware unless you are experiencing problems with the Router.
Please select a file to upgrade. Click the Browse button to find the extracted firmware file. Then click the
Upgrade button. For more information about upgrading firmware, refer to “Appendix C: Upgrading Firmware”.
Figure 5-46: Administration Tab - Firmware Upgrade
The Administration Tab - Config Management
This screen is used to back up or restore the Router’s configuration file.
Backup Configuration
To back up the Router’s configuration file, click the Backup button. Then follow the on-screen instructions.
Router Configuration
To restore the Router’s configuration file, click the Browse button to locate the file, and follow the on-screen
instructions. After you have selected the file, click the Restore button.
Figure 5-47: Administration Tab - Config Management
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The Status Tab - Mobile Network
The Mobile Network screen on the Status Tab displays the Router’s current mobile network and mobile
broadband data card status.
Mobile Network Status
Network Name. Displayed here is the name of the mobile network the Router is using.
Signal Strength. This indicates the strength of the mobile broadband signal that the Router is receiving.
Connection Time. This is the length of time the Router has been connected to the mobile network since your last
connection.
Figure 5-48: Status Tab - Mobile Network
Current Session Usage. Displayed here is the amount of data that has been sent to and received from the
mobile network since your last connection.
Data Card Status
Card Model. Displayed here is the model number of your broadband mobile data card.
Card Firmware. This is the firmware version of your broadband mobile data card.
Phone Number. This is the phone number of your broadband mobile data card.
Click the Refresh button to view the latest status information.
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The Status Tab - Router
The Router screen on the Status Tab displays the Router’s current status.
Router Information
Firmware Version. This is the Router’s current firmware.
Current Time. This shows the time, as you set on the Setup Tab.
MAC Address. This is the Router’s MAC Address, as seen by your ISP.
Router Name. This is the specific name for the Router, which you set on the Setup Tab.
Host Name. If required by your ISP, this would have been entered on the Setup Tab.
Domain Name. If required by your ISP, this would have been entered on the Setup Tab.
Internet
Figure 5-49: Status Tab - Router
Configuration Type. Displayed here is the information required by your ISP for connection to the Internet. This
information was entered on the Setup Tab.
Click the Refresh button to view the latest status information.
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The Status Tab - Local Network
The Local Network screen on the Status Tab displays the status of your network.
Local Network
MAC Address. This is the Router’s MAC Address, as seen on your local, Ethernet network.
IP Address. This shows the Router’s IP Address, as it appears on your local, Ethernet network.
Subnet Mask. When the Router is using a Subnet Mask, it is shown here.
DHCP Server. If you are using the Router as a DHCP server, that will be displayed here.
Figure 5-50: Status Tab - Local Network
Start IP Address. For the range of IP Addresses used by devices on your local, Ethernet network, the beginning
of that range is shown here.
End IP Address. For the range of IP Addresses used by devices on your local, Ethernet network, the end of that
range is shown here.
DHCP Clients Table. Clicking this button will open a screen to show you which PCs are utilizing the Router as a
DHCP server. You can delete PCs from that list, and sever their connections, by checking a Delete box and
clicking the Delete button.
Click the Refresh button to view the latest status information.
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The Status Tab - Wireless
The Wireless screen on the Status Tab displays the status of your wireless network.
Wireless
MAC Address. This is the Router’s MAC Address, as seen on your local, wireless network.
Mode. As selected from the Wireless tab, this will display the wireless mode (Mixed, G-Only, or Disabled) used by
the network.
SSID. As entered on the Wireless tab, this will display the wireless network name or SSID.
Figure 5-51: Status Tab - Wireless
DHCP Server. If you are using the Router as a DHCP server, that will be displayed here.
Channel. As entered on the Wireless tab, this will display the channel on which your wireless network is
broadcasting.
Encryption Function. As selected on the Wireless Security Tab, this will display what type of encryption the
Router uses for security.
Click the Refresh button to view the latest status information.
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Appendix A: Troubleshooting
This appendix consists of two parts: “Common Problems and Solutions” and “Frequently Asked Questions.”
Provided are possible solutions to problems that may occur during the installation and operation of the Router.
Read the descriptions below to help you solve your problems. If you can’t find an answer here, check the Linksys
Common Problems and Solutions
1. I’m trying to access the Router’s Web-based Utility, but I do not see the login screen. Instead, I see a
screen saying, “404 Forbidden.”
If you are using Windows Explorer, perform the following steps until you see the Web-based Utility’s login
screen (Netscape Navigator will require similar steps):
1. Click File. Make sure Work Offline is NOT checked.
2. Press CTRL + F5. This is a hard refresh, which will force Windows Explorer to load new webpages,
not cached ones.
3. Click Tools. Click Internet Options. Click the Security tab. Click the Default level button. Make sure
the security level is Medium or lower. Then click the OK button.
2. I need to set a static IP address on a PC.
You can assign a static IP address to a PC by performing the following steps:
•
For Windows 2000:
1. Click Start, Settings, and Control Panel. Double-click Network and Dial-Up Connections.
2. Right-click the Local Area Connection that is associated with the Ethernet adapter you are using, and
select the Properties option.
3. In the Components checked are used by this connection box, highlight Internet Protocol (TCP/IP),
and click the Properties button. Select Use the following IP address option.
4. Enter a unique IP address that is not used by any other computer on the network connected to the
Router.
5. Enter the Subnet Mask, 255.255.255.0.
6. Enter the Default Gateway, 192.168.1.1 (Router’s default IP address).
7. Toward the bottom of the window, select Use the following DNS server addresses, and enter the
Preferred DNS server and Alternative DNS server (provided by your ISP). Contact your ISP or go on its
website to find the information.
8. Click the OK button in the Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties window, and click the OK button in the
Local Area Connection Properties window.
9. Restart the computer if asked.
•
For Windows XP:
Appendix A: Troubleshooting
Common Problems and Solutions
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The following instructions assume you are running Windows XP with the default interface. If you are using
the Classic interface (where the icons and menus look like previous Windows versions), please follow the
instructions for Windows 2000.
1. Click Start and Control Panel.
2. Click the Network and Internet Connections icon and then the Network Connections icon.
3. Right-click the Local Area Connection that is associated with the Ethernet adapter you are using,
and select the Properties option.
4. In the This connection uses the following items box, highlight Internet Protocol (TCP/IP). Click the
Properties button.
5. Enter a unique IP address that is not used by any other computer on the network connected to the
Router.
6. Enter the Subnet Mask, 255.255.255.0.
7. Enter the Default Gateway, 192.168.1.1 (Router’s default IP address).
8. Toward the bottom of the window, select Use the following DNS server addresses, and enter the
Preferred DNS server and Alternative DNS server (provided by your ISP). Contact your ISP or go on its
website to find the information.
9. Click the OK button in the Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties window. Click the OK button in the
Local Area Connection Properties window.
3. I want to test my Internet connection.
A
Check your TCP/IP settings.
For Windows 2000 and XP:
•
B
•
Refer to Windows Help for details. Make sure Obtain IP address automatically is selected in the settings.
Open a command prompt.
Click Start and Run. In the Open field, type cmd. Press the Enter key or click the OK button. In the
command prompt, type ping 192.168.1.1 and press the Enter key.
•
•
If you get a reply, the computer is communicating with the Router.
If you do NOT get a reply, please check the cable, and make sure Obtain an IP address automatically is
selected in the TCP/IP settings for your Ethernet adapter.
C
In the command prompt, type ping followed by your Internet or WAN IP address and press the Enter key.
The Internet or WAN IP Address can be found on the Status screen of the Router’s web-based utility. For
example, if your Internet or WAN IP address is 1.2.3.4, you would enter ping 1.2.3.4 and press the Enter key.
•
If you get a reply, the computer is connected to the Router.
•
If you do NOT get a reply, try the ping command from a different computer to verify that your original
computer is not the cause of the problem.
D
•
If you get a reply, the computer is connected to the Internet. If you cannot open a webpage, try the ping
command from a different computer to verify that your original computer is not the cause of the problem.
If you do NOT get a reply, there may be a problem with the connection. Try the ping command from a
different computer to verify that your original computer is not the cause of the problem.
•
Appendix A: Troubleshooting
Common Problems and Solutions
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4. I am not getting an IP address on the Internet with my Internet connection.
•
•
Refer to “Problem #3, I want to test my Internet connection” to verify that you have connectivity.
If you need to register the MAC address of your Ethernet adapter with your ISP, please see “Appendix E:
Finding the MAC address and IP Address for Your Ethernet Adapter.” If you need to clone the MAC address
of your Ethernet adapter onto the Router, see the System section of “Chapter 8: Configuring the
Wireless-G Router for Mobile Broadband” for details.
•
Make sure you are using the right Internet connection settings. Contact your ISP to see if your Internet
connection type is DHCP, Static IP Address, or PPPoE (commonly used by DSL consumers). Please refer to
the Setup section of “Chapter 8: Configuring the Wireless-G Router for Mobile Broadband” for details on
Internet connection settings.
•
•
Make sure you have the right cable. Check to see if the Internet column has a solidly lit Link/Act LED.
Make sure the cable connecting from your cable or DSL modem is connected to the Router’s Internet port.
Verify that the Status page of the Router’s web-based utility shows a valid IP address from your ISP.
Turn off the computer, Router, and cable/DSL modem. Wait 30 seconds, and then turn on the Router,
cable/DSL modem, and computer. Check the Status tab of the Router’s web-based utility to see if you get
an IP address.
•
5. I am not able to access the Setup page of the Router’s web-based utility.
•
Refer to “Problem #3, I want to test my Internet connection” to verify that your computer is properly
connected to the Router.
•
Refer to “Appendix E: Finding the MAC Address and IP address for Your Ethernet Adapter” to verify that
your computer has an IP Address, Subnet Mask, Gateway, and DNS.
Set a static IP address on your system; refer to “Problem #2: I need to set a static IP address.”
Refer to “Problem #10: I am a PPPoE user, and I need to remove the proxy settings or the dial-up pop-up
window.”
•
•
6. I need to set up a server behind my Router and make it available to the public.
To use a server like a web, ftp, or mail server, you need to know the respective port numbers they are using.
For example, port 80 (HTTP) is used for web; port 21 (FTP) is used for FTP, and port 25 (SMTP outgoing) and
port 110 (POP3 incoming) are used for the mail server. You can get more information by viewing the
documentation provided with the server you installed.
Follow these steps to set up port forwarding through the Router’s web-based utility. We will be setting up
web, ftp, and mail servers.
1. Access the Router’s web-based utility by going to http://192.168.1.1 or the IP address of the Router.
Go to the Applications & Gaming => Port Range Forward tab.
2. Enter any name you want to use for the Application.
3. Enter the Start and End Port range of the service you are using. For example, if you have a web server,
you would enter the range 80 to 80.
4. Select the protocol(s) you will be using, TCP and/or UDP.
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5. Enter the IP address of the PC or network device that you want the port server to go to. For example,
if the web server’s Ethernet adapter IP address is 192.168.1.100, you would enter 100 in the field
provided. Check “Appendix E: Finding the MAC Address and IP Address for Your Ethernet Adapter” for
details on getting an IP address.
6. Check the Enable option for the port services you want to use. Consider the example below:
Application
Web server
Start and End
80 to 80
Protocol
Both
IP Address
Enabled
192.168.1.100
192.168.1.101
192.168.1.102
192.168.1.102
X
X
X
X
FTP server
21 to 21
TCP
SMTP (outgoing)
POP3 (incoming)
25 to 25
Both
110 to 110
Both
When you have completed the configuration, click the Save Settings button.
7. I need to set up online game hosting or use other Internet applications.
If you want to play online games or use Internet applications, most will work without doing any port
forwarding or DMZ hosting. There may be cases when you want to host an online game or Internet
application. This would require you to set up the Router to deliver incoming packets or data to a specific
computer. This also applies to the Internet applications you are using. The best way to get the information on
what port services to use is to go to the website of the online game or application you want to use. Follow
these steps to set up online game hosting or use a certain Internet application:
1. Access the Router’s web interface by going to http://192.168.1.1 or the IP address of the Router. Go to
the Applications & Gaming => Port Range Forward tab.
2. Enter any name you want to use for the Application.
3. Enter the Start and End Port range of the service you are using. For example, if you want to host
Unreal Tournament (UT), you would enter the range 7777 to 27900.
4. Select the protocol(s) you will be using, TCP and/or UDP.
5. Enter the IP address of the PC or network device that you want the port server to go to. For example,
if the web server’s Ethernet adapter IP address is 192.168.1.100, you would enter 100 in the field
provided. Check “Appendix E: Finding the MAC Address and IP Address for Your Ethernet Adapter” for
details on getting an IP address.
6. Check the Enable option for the port services you want to use. Consider the example below:
Application
Start and End
Protocol
IP Address
Enabled
UT
7777 to 27900
Both
192.168.1.100
X
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Application
Halflife
Start and End
Protocol
Both
IP Address
192.168.1.105
192.168.1.102
192.168.1.100
Enabled
27015 to 27015
5631 to 5631
500 to 500
X
X
X
PC Anywhere
VPN IPSEC
UDP
UDP
When you have completed the configuration, click the Save Settings button.
8. I can’t get the Internet game, server, or application to work.
If you are having difficulties getting any Internet game, server, or application to function properly, consider
exposing one PC to the Internet using DeMilitarized Zone (DMZ) hosting. This option is available when an
application requires too many ports or when you are not sure which port services to use. Make sure you
disable all the forwarding entries if you want to successfully use DMZ hosting, since forwarding has priority
over DMZ hosting. (In other words, data that enters the Router will be checked first by the forwarding settings.
If the port number that the data enters from does not have port forwarding, then the Router will send the data
to whichever PC or network device you set for DMZ hosting.)
Follow these steps to set DMZ hosting:
1. Access the Router’s web-based utility by going to http://192.168.1.1 or the IP address of the Router.
Go to the Applications & Gaming => Port Range Forward tab.
2. Disable or remove the entries you have entered for forwarding. Keep this information in case you
want to use it at a later time.
3. Go to the Applications & Gaming => DMZ tab.
4. Select Enable next to DMZ. In the Client PC IP Address field, enter the IP address of the computer you
want exposed to the Internet. This will bypass the NAT technology for that computer. Please refer to
“Appendix E: Finding the MAC Address and IP Address for Your Ethernet Adapter” for details on getting
an IP address.
5. Once completed with the configuration, click the Save Settings button.
9. I forgot my password, or the password prompt always appears when I am saving settings to the
Router.
Reset the Router to factory default by pressing the Reset button for 10 seconds and then releasing it. If you
are still getting prompted for a password when saving settings, then perform the following steps:
1. Access the Router’s web-based utility by going to http://192.168.1.1 or the IP address of the Router.
Enter the default password admin, and click the Administration => Management tab.
2. Enter a different password in the Router Password field, and enter the same password in the second
field to confirm the password.
3. Click the Save Settings button.
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10.I am a PPPoE user, and I need to remove the proxy settings or the dial-up pop-up window.
If you have proxy settings, you need to disable these on your computer. Because the Router is the gateway for
the Internet connection, the computer does not need any proxy settings to gain access. Please follow these
directions to verify that you do not have any proxy settings and that the browser you use is set to connect
directly to the LAN.
•
For Microsoft Internet Explorer 5.0 or higher:
1. Click Start, Settings, and Control Panel. Double-click Internet Options.
2. Click the Connections tab.
3. Click the LAN settings button and remove anything that is checked.
4. Click the OK button to go back to the previous screen.
5. Click the option Never dial a connection. This will remove any dial-up pop-ups for PPPoE users.
For Netscape 4.7 or higher:
•
1. Start Netscape Navigator, and click Edit, Preferences, Advanced, and Proxies.
2. Make sure you have Direct connection to the Internet selected on this screen.
3. Close all the windows to finish.
11.To start over, I need to set the Router to factory default.
Hold the Reset button for 10 seconds and then release it. This will return the password, forwarding, and other
settings on the Router to the factory default settings. In other words, the Router will revert to its original
factory configuration.
12.I need to upgrade the firmware.
In order to upgrade the firmware with the latest features, you need to go to the Linksys website and download
Follow these steps:
2. To upgrade the firmware, follow the steps in “Appendix C: Upgrading Firmware.”
13.My DSL service’s PPPoE is always disconnecting.
PPPoE is not actually a dedicated or always-on connection. The DSL ISP can disconnect the service after a
period of inactivity, just like a normal phone dial-up connection to the Internet.
•
There is a setup option to “keep alive” the connection. This may not always work, so you may need to re-
establish connection periodically.
1. To connect to the Router, go to the web browser, and enter http://192.168.1.1 or the IP address of the
Router.
2. Enter the password, if asked. (The default password is admin.)
3. On the Setup screen, select the option Keep Alive, and set the Redial Period option at 20 (seconds).
4. Click the Save Settings button.
5. Click the Status tab, and click the Connect button.
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6. You may see the login status display as Connecting. Press the F5 key to refresh the screen, until you
see the login status display as Connected.
•
•
Click the Save Settings button to continue.
If the connection is lost again, follow steps 1- 6 to re-establish connection.
14.I can’t access my e-mail, web or I am getting corrupted data from the Internet.
The Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) setting may need to be adjusted. By default, the MTU is set at 1500.
For most DSL users, it is strongly recommended to use MTU 1492.
•
If you are having some difficulties, perform the following steps:
1. To connect to the Router, go to the web browser, and enter http://192.168.1.1 or the IP address of the
Router.
2. Enter the password, if asked. (The default password is admin.)
3. Look for the MTU option, and select Manual. In the Size field, enter 1492.
4. Click the Save Settings button to continue.
If your difficulties continue, change the Size to different values. Try this list of values, one value at a time,
•
in this order, until your problem is solved:
1462
1400
1362
1300
15.The Power LED keeps flashing.
The Power LED flashes when the device is first powered up. Meantime, the system will boot up itself and
check for proper operation. After finishing the checking procedure, the LED stays solid to show that the
system is working fine. If the LED keeps flashing after this time, the device is not working properly. Try to
flash the firmware by assigning a static IP address to the computer, and then upgrade the firmware. Try using
the following settings, IP Address: 192.168.1.50 and Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0.
16.When I enter a URL or IP address, I get a time-out error or am prompted to retry.
•
Check if other PCs work. If they do, ensure that your workstation’s IP settings are correct (IP Address,
Subnet Mask, Default Gateway, and DNS). Restart the computer that is having a problem.
If the PCs are configured correctly, but still not working, check the Router. Ensure that it is connected and
powered on. Connect to it and check its settings. (If you cannot connect to it, check the LAN and power
connections.)
•
•
If the Router is configured correctly, check your Internet connection (DSL/cable modem, etc.) to see if it is
working correctly. You can remove the Router to verify a direct connection.
•
•
Manually configure the TCP/IP settings with a DNS address provided by your ISP.
Make sure that your browser is set to connect directly and that any dial-up is disabled. For Internet
Explorer, click Tools, Internet Options, and then the Connection tab. Make sure that Internet Explorer is
set to Never dial a connection. For Netscape Navigator, click Edit, Preferences, Advanced, and Proxy.
Make sure that Netscape Navigator is set to Direct connection to the Internet.
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Frequently Asked Questions
What is the maximum number of IP addresses that the Router will support?
The Router will support up to 253 IP addresses.
Is IPSec Pass-Through supported by the Router?
Yes, it is a built-in feature that the Router automatically enables.
Where is the Router installed on the network?
In a typical environment, the Router is installed between the cable/DSL modem and the LAN. Plug the Router into
the cable/DSL modem’s Ethernet port.
Does the Router support IPX or AppleTalk?
No. TCP/IP is the only protocol standard for the Internet and has become the global standard for communications.
IPX, a NetWare communications protocol used only to route messages from one node to another, and AppleTalk, a
communications protocol used on Apple and Macintosh networks, can be used for LAN to LAN connections, but
those protocols cannot connect from the Internet to a LAN.
Does the Internet connection of the Router support 100Mbps Ethernet?
The Router’s current hardware design supports up to 100Mbps Ethernet on its Internet port; however, the Internet
connection speed will vary depending on the speed of your broadband connection. The Router also supports
100Mbps over the auto-sensing Fast Ethernet 10/100 switch on the LAN side of the Router.
What is Network Address Translation and what is it used for?
Network Address Translation (NAT) translates multiple IP addresses on the private LAN to one public address that
is sent out to the Internet. This adds a level of security since the address of a PC connected to the private LAN is
never transmitted on the Internet. Furthermore, NAT allows the Router to be used with low cost Internet accounts,
such as DSL or cable modems, when only one TCP/IP address is provided by the ISP. The user may have many
private addresses behind this single address provided by the ISP.
Does the Router support any operating system other than Windows 2000 or Windows XP?
No.
Does the Router support ICQ send file?
Yes, with the following fix: click ICQ menu -> preference -> connections tab->, and check I am behind a firewall
or proxy. Then set the firewall time-out to 80 seconds in the firewall setting. The Internet user can then send a file
to a user behind the Router.
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I set up an Unreal Tournament Server, but others on the LAN cannot join. What do I need to do?
If you have a dedicated Unreal Tournament server running, you need to create a static IP for each of the LAN
computers and forward ports 7777, 7778, 7779, 7780, 7781, and 27900 to the IP address of the server. You can
also use a port forwarding range of 7777 ~ 27900. If you want to use the UT Server Admin, forward another port.
(Port 8080 usually works well but is used for remote admin. You may have to disable this.) Then in the
[UWeb.WebServer] section of the server.ini file, set the ListenPort to 8080 (to match the mapped port above) and
ServerName to the IP assigned to the Router from your ISP.
Can multiple gamers on the LAN get on one game server and play simultaneously with just one public IP
address?
It depends on which network game or what kind of game server you are using. For example, Unreal Tournament
supports multi-login with one public IP.
How do I get Half-Life: Team Fortress to work with the Router?
The default client port for Half-Life is 27005. The computers on your LAN need to have “+clientport 2700x”
added to the HL shortcut command line; the x would be 6, 7, 8, and on up. This lets multiple computers connect
to the same server. One problem: Version 1.0.1.6 won’t let multiple computers with the same CD key connect at
the same time, even if on the same LAN (not a problem with 1.0.1.3). As far as hosting games, the HL server does
not need to be in the DMZ. Just forward port 27015 to the local IP address of the server computer.
How can I avoid corrupted FTP downloads?
If you are experiencing corrupted files when you download a file with your FTP client, try using another FTP
program.
The web page hangs; downloads are corrupt, or nothing but junk characters are being displayed on the
screen. What do I need to do?
Force your Ethernet adapter to 10Mbps or half duplex mode, and turn off the “Auto-negotiate” feature of your
Ethernet adapter as a temporary measure. (Please look at the Network Control Panel in your Ethernet adapter’s
Advanced Properties tab.) Make sure that your proxy setting is disabled in the browser. Check our website at
If all else fails in the installation, what can I do?
Reset the Router by holding down the reset button until the Power LED fully turns on and off. Reset your cable or
DSL modem by powering the unit off and then on.
How will I be notified of new Router firmware upgrades?
free. To upgrade the Router’s firmware, use the Administration - Firmware Upgrade tab of the Router’s web-
based utility. If the Router’s Internet connection is working well, there is no need to download a newer firmware
version, unless that version contains new features that you would like to use. Downloading a more current
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version of Router firmware will not enhance the quality or speed of your Internet connection, and may disrupt
your current connection stability.
Will the Router function in a Macintosh environment?
Yes, but the Router’s setup pages are accessible only through Internet Explorer 4.0 or Netscape Navigator 4.0 or
higher for Macintosh.
I am not able to get the web configuration screen for the Router. What can I do?
You may have to remove the proxy settings on your Internet browser, e.g., Netscape Navigator or Internet
Explorer. Or remove the dial-up settings on your browser. Check with your browser documentation, and make
sure that your browser is set to connect directly and that any dial-up is disabled. Make sure that your browser is
set to connect directly and that any dial-up is disabled. For Internet Explorer, click Tools, Internet Options, and
then the Connection tab. Make sure that Internet Explorer is set to Never dial a connection. For Netscape
Navigator, click Edit, Preferences, Advanced, and Proxy. Make sure that Netscape Navigator is set to Direct
connection to the Internet.
What is DMZ Hosting?
Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) allows one IP address (computer) to be exposed to the Internet. Some applications
require multiple TCP/IP ports to be open. It is recommended that you set your computer with a static IP if you
want to use DMZ Hosting. To get the LAN IP address, see “Appendix E: Finding the MAC Address and IP Address
for Your Ethernet Adapter.”
If DMZ Hosting is used, does the exposed user share the public IP with the Router?
No.
Does the Router pass PPTP packets or actively route PPTP sessions?
The Router allows PPTP packets to pass through.
Is the Router cross-platform compatible?
Any platform that supports Ethernet and TCP/IP is compatible with the Router.
How many ports can be simultaneously forwarded?
Theoretically, the Router can establish 520 sessions at the same time, but you can only forward 10 ranges of
ports.
What are the advanced features of the Router?
The Router’s advanced features include advanced wireless settings, filters, access restriction policies, port
forwarding, advanced routing, and DDNS.
How do I get mIRC to work with the Router?
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Under the Port Forwarding tab, set port forwarding to 113 for the PC on which you are using mIRC.
Can the Router act as my DHCP server?
Yes. The Router has DHCP server software built-in.
Can I run an application from a remote computer over the wireless network?
This will depend on whether or not the application is designed to be used over a network. Consult the
application’s documentation to determine if it supports operation over a network.
What is the IEEE 802.11g standard?
It is one of the IEEE standards for wireless networks. The 802.11g standard allows wireless networking hardware
from different manufacturers to communicate, provided that the hardware complies with the 802.11g standard.
The 802.11g standard states a maximum data transfer rate of 54Mbps and an operating frequency of 2.4GHz.
What is the IEEE 802.11b standard?
It is one of the IEEE standards for wireless networks. The 802.11b standard allows wireless networking hardware
from different manufacturers to communicate, provided that the hardware complies with the 802.11b standard.
The 802.11b standard states a maximum data transfer rate of 11Mbps and an operating frequency of 2.4GHz.
What IEEE 802.11g features are supported?
The product supports the following IEEE 802.11g functions:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
CSMA/CA plus Acknowledge protocol
OFDM protocol
Multi-Channel Roaming
Automatic Rate Selection
RTS/CTS feature
Fragmentation
Power Management
What IEEE 802.11b features are supported?
The product supports the following IEEE 802.11b functions:
•
•
•
•
•
•
CSMA/CA plus Acknowledge protocol
Multi-Channel Roaming
Automatic Rate Selection
RTS/CTS feature
Fragmentation
Power Management
What is ad-hoc mode?
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When a wireless network is set to ad-hoc mode, the wireless-equipped computers are configured to
communicate directly with each other. The ad-hoc wireless network will not communicate with any wired
network.
What is infrastructure mode?
When a wireless network is set to infrastructure mode, the wireless network is configured to communicate with a
wired network through a wireless access point.
What is roaming?
Roaming is the ability of a portable computer to communicate continuously while the user is moving freely
throughout an area greater than that covered by a single access point. Before using the roaming function, the
workstation must make sure that it is the same channel number with the access point of dedicated coverage
area.
To achieve true seamless connectivity, the wireless LAN must incorporate a number of different functions. Each
node and access point, for example, must always acknowledge receipt of each message. Each node must
maintain contact with the wireless network even when not actually transmitting data. Achieving these functions
simultaneously requires a dynamic RF networking technology that links access points and nodes. In such a
system, the user’s end node undertakes a search for the best possible access to the system. First, it evaluates
such factors as signal strength and quality, as well as the message load currently being carried by each access
point and the distance of each access point to the wired backbone. Based on that information, the node next
selects the right access point and registers its address. Communications between end node and host computer
can then be transmitted up and down the backbone.
As the user moves on, the end node’s RF transmitter regularly checks the system to determine whether it is in
touch with the original access point or whether it should seek a new one. When a node no longer receives
acknowledgment from its original access point, it undertakes a new search. Upon finding a new access point, it
then re-registers, and the communication process continues.
What is ISM band?
The FCC and their counterparts outside of the U.S. have set aside bandwidth for unlicensed use in the ISM
(Industrial, Scientific and Medical) band. Spectrum in the vicinity of 2.4 GHz, in particular, is being made available
worldwide. This presents a truly revolutionary opportunity to place convenient high-speed wireless capabilities in
the hands of users around the globe.
What is Spread Spectrum?
Spread Spectrum technology is a wideband radio frequency technique developed by the military for use in
reliable, secure, mission-critical communications systems. It is designed to trade off bandwidth efficiency for
reliability, integrity, and security. In other words, more bandwidth is consumed than in the case of narrowband
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transmission, but the trade-off produces a signal that is, in effect, louder and thus easier to detect, provided that
the receiver knows the parameters of the spread-spectrum signal being broadcast. If a receiver is not tuned to
the right frequency, a spread-spectrum signal looks like background noise. There are two main alternatives,
Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) and Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS).
What is DSSS? What is FHSS? And what are their differences?
Frequency-Hopping Spread-Spectrum (FHSS) uses a narrowband carrier that changes frequency in a pattern that
is known to both transmitter and receiver. Properly synchronized, the net effect is to maintain a single logical
channel. To an unintended receiver, FHSS appears to be short-duration impulse noise. Direct-Sequence Spread-
Spectrum (DSSS) generates a redundant bit pattern for each bit to be transmitted. This bit pattern is called a chip
(or chipping code). The longer the chip, the greater the probability that the original data can be recovered. Even if
one or more bits in the chip are damaged during transmission, statistical techniques embedded in the radio can
recover the original data without the need for retransmission. To an unintended receiver, DSSS appears as low
power wideband noise and is rejected (ignored) by most narrowband receivers.
What is WEP?
WEP is Wired Equivalent Privacy, a data privacy mechanism based on a 64-bit or 128-bit shared key algorithm, as
described in the IEEE 802.11 standard.
What is a MAC Address?
The Media Access Control (MAC) address is a unique number assigned by the manufacturer to any Ethernet
networking device, such as a network adapter, that allows the network to identify it at the hardware level. For all
practical purposes, this number is usually permanent. Unlike IP addresses, which can change every time a
computer logs onto the network, the MAC address of a device stays the same, making it a valuable identifier for
the network.
How do I reset the Router?
Press the Reset button on the back panel for about five seconds. This will reset the Router to its default settings.
How do I resolve issues with signal loss?
There is no way to know the exact range of your wireless network without testing. Every obstacle placed between
the Router and a wireless PC will create signal loss. Lead glass, metal, concrete floors, water and walls will
inhibit the signal and reduce range. Start with the Router and your wireless PC in the same room and move it
away in small increments to determine the maximum range in your environment.
You may also try using different channels, as this may eliminate interference affecting only one channel.
I have excellent signal strength, but I cannot see my network.
Wireless security is probably enabled on the Router, but not on your wireless adapter (or vice versa). Verify that
the same wireless security method and passphrase/keys are being used on all devices of your wireless network.
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How many channels/frequencies are available with the Router?
There are eleven available channels, ranging from 1 to 11, in North America. There are thirteen available
channels, ranging from 1 to 13, in most of Europe. There may be additional channels available in other regions,
subject to the regulations of your region and/or country.
How do I connect to the mobile network?
There are three options available to connect to the mobile network.
The first option is to power on the Router with the mobile broadband data card inserted. Then press the
Data Card Connect/Disconnect button on the front panel of the Router. The Router will connect to the mobile
network via the mobile broadband data card. If this is successful, the Data Card LED on the Router will light up.
The second option is to log onto the Router via the Web-based Utility. On the first screen you see, the Basic Setup
screen, click the Connect button near the top of the screen. The Router will connect to the mobile network via the
mobile broadband data card. If this is successful, the Mobile Connection line will say, “Connected” instead of
“Disconnected.”
The third option is to enable the Router’s Auto Connect feature. This will enable the Router to automatically
connect to the mobile network whenever it is powered on. As with the second option, this can be done using the
Web-based Utility of the Router. On the first screen you see, the Basic Setup screen, click the Mobile Network
tab. On the Mobile Network screen, there is an Auto Connect option at the top of the screen. Click the Enable radio
button, and then click the Save Settings button. After the webpage has refreshed, click the Basic Setup tab. On
the Basic Setup screen, click the Connect button to connect to the mobile network. The next time the Router is
powered on, it will automatically connect to the mobile network.
What do the indicator LEDs signify on the Router?
POWER
This green LED will be solidly lit when the Router is powered on.
ETHERNET
Each of these green LEDs will be solidly lit when there is an active connection to the
corresponding Ethernet port of the Router. Each LED flashes when there is network traffic
passing through the corresponding port.
WIRELESS
DMZ
This green LED will be solidly lit when the Router is connected to the Wireless-G (802.11g)
and/or Wireless-B (802.11b) network. The LED flashes when there is network traffic passing
through the wireless connection.
This green, De-Militarized Zone (DMZ) LED will be solidly lit when the Router’s DMZ function is
active. The DMZ function allows one local computer to be exposed to the Internet.
Appendix A: Troubleshooting
Frequently Asked Questions
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Data Card Blue. The Data Card LED flashes as the Router connects to the mobile network. It is solidly lit
when the connection is established.
The LED quickly flashes, alternating between blue and green, the Router does not have a
connection to the mobile network. A data card must be inserted into the Router when you
press the Data Card Connect/Disconnect button.
How do I know which mobile network I am using?
Log onto the Router via the Web-based Utility at http://192.168.1.1. The username and password should be
admin unless you have changed them. Click the Status tab, and then click the Mobile Network tab. In the
Mobile Network Status section, on the Network Name line, you will see the name of the network you are currently
using.
Whom should I call if there is a question or problem?
For technical support regarding the mobile broadband data card or the Router, contact your mobile service
provider. Refer to the Technical Support Contact Information insert for the telephone number. If you have
questions about your bill, contact the mobile broadband service provider.
Appendix A: Troubleshooting
Frequently Asked Questions
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Appendix B: Wireless Security
Linksys wants to make wireless networking as safe and easy for you as possible. The current generation of
Linksys products provide several network security features, but they require specific action on your part for
implementation. So, keep the following in mind whenever you are setting up or using your wireless network.
IMPORTANT: Linksys strongly recommends that you enable wireless security on your wireless
network. Otherwise, unauthorized users may be able to access the Internet using your service and
incur additional charges. You are liable for any and all additional charges from your service provider.
Security Precautions
The following is a complete list of security precautions to take (at least steps 1 through 5 should be followed):
1. Change the default SSID.
2. Disable SSID Broadcast.
3. Change the default password for the Administrator account.
4. Enable MAC Address Filtering.
5. Change the SSID periodically.
6. Use the highest encryption algorithm possible. Use WPA if it is available. Please note that this may reduce
your network performance.
7. Change the WEP encryption keys periodically.
For information on implementing these security features, refer to “Chapter 8: Configuring the Wireless-G Router
for Mobile Broadband.”
Security Threats Facing Wireless Networks
Wireless networks are easy to find. Hackers know that in order to join a wireless network, wireless networking
products first listen for “beacon messages”. These messages can be easily decrypted and contain much of the
network’s information, such as the network’s SSID (Service Set Identifier). Here are the steps you can take:
Change the administrator’s password regularly. With every wireless networking device you use, keep in mind
that network settings (SSID, WEP keys, etc.) are stored in its firmware. Your network administrator is the only
Appendix B: Wireless Security
Security Precautions
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person who can change network settings. If a hacker gets a hold of the administrator’s password, he, too, can
change those settings. So, make it harder for a hacker to get that information. Change the administrator’s
password regularly.
SSID. There are several things to keep in mind about the SSID:
1. Disable Broadcast
2. Make it unique
3. Change it often
Most wireless networking devices will give you the option of broadcasting the SSID. While this option may be
more convenient, it allows anyone to log into your wireless network. This includes hackers. So, don’t broadcast
the SSID.
Wireless networking products come with a default SSID set by the factory. Hackers know these defaults and can
check these against your network. Change your SSID to something unique and not something related to your
company or the networking products you use.
Change your SSID regularly so that any hackers who have gained access to your wireless network will have to
start from the beginning in trying to break in.
MAC Addresses. Enable MAC Address filtering. MAC Address filtering will allow you to provide access to only
those wireless nodes with certain MAC Addresses. This makes it harder for a hacker to access your network with
a random MAC Address.
WEP Encryption. Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) is often looked upon as a cure-all for wireless security
concerns. This is overstating WEP’s ability. Again, this can only provide enough security to make a hacker’s job
more difficult.
IMPORTANT: Always remember that each
device in your wireless network MUST use
the same security method and passphrase or
key; otherwise, your wireless network will
not function properly.
There are several ways that WEP can be maximized:
1. Use the highest level of encryption possible
2. Use “Shared Key” authentication
3. Change your WEP key regularly
WPA. Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) is the newest and best available standard in Wi-Fi security. WPA2 is the
newer version of Wi-Fi Protected Access with stronger encryption than WPA. WPA gives you a choice of two
encryption methods: TKIP (Temporal Key Integrity Protocol), which incorporates Message Integrity Code (MIC) to
Appendix B: Wireless Security
Security Threats Facing Wireless Networks
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provide protection against hackers, and AES (Advanced Encryption System), which utilizes a symmetric 128-Bit
block data encryption. (AES is stronger than TKIP.) WPA2 uses TKIP + AES for encryption.
WPA Enterprise and WPA2 Enterprise use a RADIUS (Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service) server for
authentication. RADIUS uses a RADIUS server and WEP encryption.
WPA Personal. Select the type of algorithm, TKIP or AES, and enter a password in the Passphrase field of
8-63 characters. Enter a Group Key Renewal period time between 0 and 99,999 seconds, which instructs the
Router or other device how often it should change the encryption keys.
WPA2 Personal. WPA2 uses TKIP + AES, with dynamic encryption keys. Enter a Passphrase of 8-63
characters. Then enter a Group Key Renewal period, which instructs the Router or other device how often it
should change the encryption keys.
WPA Enterprise. This method is WPA used in coordination with a RADIUS server. Enter the IP address and
port number of the RADIUS server. Then enter the key shared between the Router and its RADIUS server. Then
enter a Key Renewal Timeout period, which instructs the Router or other device how often it should change
the encryption keys.
WPA2 Enterprise. This method is WPA2 used in coordination with a RADIUS server. Enter the IP address and
port number of the RADIUS server. Then enter the key shared between the Router and its RADIUS server. Then
enter a Key Renewal Timeout period, which instructs the Router or other device how often it should change
the encryption keys.
RADIUS. This method is WEP used in coordination with a RADIUS server. Enter the IP address and port
number of the RADIUS server. Then enter the key shared between the Gateway and its RADIUS server. Enter
the WEP settings.
Implementing encryption may have a negative impact on your network’s performance, but if you are transmitting
sensitive data over your network, encryption should be used.
These security recommendations should help keep your mind at ease while you are enjoying the most flexible
and convenient technology.
Appendix B: Wireless Security
Security Threats Facing Wireless Networks
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Appendix C: Upgrading Firmware
The Router's firmware is upgraded through the Web-based Utility's Administration tab. Follow these instructions:
2. Extract the firmware file on your computer.
3. Open the Router’s Web-based Utility, and click the Administration tab.
4. Click Firmware Upgrade, and the Upgrade Firmware screen will appear.
5. Enter the location of the firmware's file or click the Browse button to find the file.
6. Then click the Upgrade button and follow the on-screen instructions.
Figure C-1: Upgrade Firmware
Appendix C: Upgrading Firmware
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Appendix D: Windows Help
Most Linksys wireless products require Microsoft Windows. Windows is the most predominate operating system
in the world and comes with many features that help make networking easier. These features can be accessed
through Windows Help and are described in this appendix.
TCP/IP
Before a computer can communicate with the Router, TCP/IP must be enabled. TCP/IP is a set of instructions, or
protocol, all PCs follow to communicate over a network. This is true for wireless networks as well. Your PCs will
not be able to utilize wireless networking without having TCP/IP enabled. Windows Help provides complete
instructions on enabling TCP/IP.
Shared Resources
If you wish to share printers, folder, or files over your network, Windows Help provides complete instructions on
utilizing shared resources.
Network Neighborhood/My Network Places
Other PCs on your network will appear under Network Neighborhood or My Network Places (depending upon the
version of Windows you're running). Windows Help provides complete instructions on adding PCs to your
network.
Appendix D: Windows Help
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Appendix E: Finding the MAC Address and IP Address for
Your Ethernet Adapter
This section describes how to find the MAC address for your computer’s Ethernet adapter so you can use the MAC
filtering and/or MAC address cloning feature of the Router. You can also find the IP address of your computer’s
Ethernet adapter. This IP address is used for the Router’s filtering, forwarding, and/or DMZ features. Follow the
steps in this appendix to find the adapter’s MAC or IP address in Windows 98, Me, 2000, or XP.
Figure E-1: IP Configuration Screen
Windows 2000 or XP Instructions
1. Click Start and Run. In the Open field, enter cmd. Press the Enter key or click the OK button.
2. At the command prompt, enter ipconfig /all. Then press the Enter key.
3. Write down the Physical Address as shown on your computer screen (Figure E-3); it is the MAC address for
your Ethernet adapter. This appears as a series of numbers and letters.
The MAC address/Physical Address is what you will use for MAC address cloning or MAC filtering.
NOTE: The MAC address is also called the Physical Address.
Figure E-2: MAC Address/Adapter Address
The example in Figure E-3 shows the Ethernet adapter’s IP address as 192.168.1.100. Your computer may
show something different.
For the Router’s Web-based Utility
For MAC filtering, enter the 12-digit MAC address in this format, XXXXXXXXXXXX, WITHOUT the hyphens. See
Figure E-4.
For MAC address cloning, enter the 12-digit MAC address in the User Defined Entry fields provided, two digits per
field. See Figure E-5.
Figure E-3: MAC Address/Physical Address
Appendix E: Finding the MAC Address and IP Address for Your Ethernet Adapter
Windows 2000 or XP Instructions
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Figure E-4: MAC Address Filter List
Figure E-5: MAC Address Clone
Appendix E: Finding the MAC Address and IP Address for Your Ethernet Adapter
For the Router’s Web-based Utility
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Appendix F: Glossary
This glossary contains some basic networking terms you may come across when using this product.
Access Point - A device that allows wireless-equipped computers and other devices to communicate with a
wired network. Also used to expand the range of a wireless network.
Ad-hoc - A group of wireless devices communicating directly with each other (peer-to-peer) without the use of
an access point.
AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) - A security method that uses symmetric 128-bit block data encryption.
Bandwidth - The transmission capacity of a given device or network.
Bit - A binary digit.
Boot - To start a device and cause it to start executing instructions.
Broadband - An always-on, fast Internet connection.
Browser - An application program that provides a way to look at and interact with all the information on the
World Wide Web.
Byte - A unit of data that is usually eight bits long
Cable Modem - A device that connects a computer to the cable television network, which in turn connects to the
Internet.
Daisy Chain - A method used to connect devices in a series, one after the other.
DDNS (Dynamic Domain Name System) - Allows the hosting of a website, FTP server, or e-mail server with a
Default Gateway - A device that forwards Internet traffic from your local area network.
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) - A networking protocol that allows administrators to assign
temporary IP addresses to network computers by "leasing" an IP address to a user for a limited amount of time,
instead of assigning permanent IP addresses.
Appendix F: Glossary
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DMZ (Demilitarized Zone) - Removes the Router's firewall protection from one PC, allowing it to be "seen" from
the Internet.
DNS (Domain Name Server) - The IP address of your ISP's server, which translates the names of websites into IP
addresses.
Domain - A specific name for a network of computers.
Download - To receive a file transmitted over a network.
DSL (Digital Subscriber Line) - An always-on broadband connection over traditional phone lines.
Dynamic IP Address - A temporary IP address assigned by a DHCP server.
EAP (Extensible Authentication Protocol) - A general authentication protocol used to control network access.
Many specific authentication methods work within this framework.
Encryption - Encoding data transmitted in a network.
Ethernet - IEEE standard network protocol that specifies how data is placed on and retrieved from a common
transmission medium.
Firewall - A set of related programs located at a network gateway server that protects the resources of a
network from users from other networks.
Firmware - The programming code that runs a networking device.
FTP (File Transfer Protocol) - A protocol used to transfer files over a TCP/IP network.
Full Duplex - The ability of a networking device to receive and transmit data simultaneously.
Gateway - A device that interconnects networks with different, incompatible communications protocols.
Half Duplex - Data transmission that can occur in two directions over a single line, but only one direction at a
time.
HTTP (HyperText Transport Protocol) - The communications protocol used to connect to servers on the World
Wide Web.
Infrastructure - A wireless network that is bridged to a wired network via an access point.
IP (Internet Protocol) - A protocol used to send data over a network.
Appendix F: Glossary
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IP Address - The address used to identify a computer or device on a network.
IPCONFIG - A Windows 2000 and XP utility that displays the IP address for a particular networking device.
IPSec (Internet Protocol Security) - A VPN protocol used to implement secure exchange of packets at the IP layer.
ISP (Internet Service Provider) - A company that provides access to the Internet.
LAN - The computers and networking products that make up your local network.
MAC (Media Access Control) Address - The unique address that a manufacturer assigns to each networking
device.
Mbps (MegaBits Per Second) - One million bits per second; a unit of measurement for data transmission.
NAT (Network Address Translation) - NAT technology translates IP addresses of a local area network to a different
IP address for the Internet.
Network - A series of computers or devices connected for the purpose of data sharing, storage, and/or
transmission between users.
Packet - A unit of data sent over a network.
Passphrase - Used much like a password, a passphrase simplifies the WEP encryption process by automatically
generating the WEP encryption keys.
Ping (Packet INternet Groper) - An Internet utility used to determine whether a particular IP address is online.
POP3 (Post Office Protocol 3) - A standard mail server commonly used on the Internet.
Port - The connection point on a computer or networking device used for plugging in cables or adapters.
Power over Ethernet (PoE) - A technology enabling an Ethernet network cable to deliver both data and power.
PPPoE (Point to Point Protocol over Ethernet) - A type of broadband connection that provides authentication
(username and password) in addition to data transport.
PPTP (Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol) - A VPN protocol that allows the Point to Point Protocol (PPP) to be
tunneled through an IP network. This protocol is also used as a type of broadband connection in Europe.
RADIUS (Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service) - A protocol that uses an authentication server to control
network access.
Appendix F: Glossary
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RJ-45 (Registered Jack-45) - An Ethernet connector that holds up to eight wires.
Roaming - The ability to take a wireless device from one access point's range to another without losing the
connection.
Router - A networking device that connects multiple networks together.
Server - Any computer whose function in a network is to provide user access to files, printing, communications,
and other services.
SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) - The standard e-mail protocol on the Internet.
SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) - A widely used network monitoring and control protocol.
SPI (Stateful Packet Inspection) Firewall - A technology that inspects incoming packets of information before
allowing them to enter the network.
SSID (Service Set IDentifier) - Your wireless network's name.
Static IP Address - A fixed address assigned to a computer or device that is connected to a network.
Static Routing - Forwarding data in a network via a fixed path.
Subnet Mask - An address code that determines the size of the network.
Switch - 1. A data switch that connects computing devices to host computers, allowing a large number of
devices to share a limited number of ports. 2. A device for making, breaking, or changing the connections in an
electrical circuit.
TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) - A network protocol for transmitting data that requires acknowledgement
from the recipient of data sent.
TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) - A set of instructions PCs use to communicate over a
network.
Telnet - A user command and TCP/IP protocol used for accessing remote PCs.
TFTP (Trivial File Transfer Protocol) - A version of the TCP/IP FTP protocol that has no directory or password
capability.
Throughput - The amount of data moved successfully from one node to another in a given time period.
Appendix F: Glossary
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TKIP (Temporal Key Integrity Protocol) - a wireless encryption protocol that provides dynamic encryption keys for
each packet transmitted.
Topology - The physical layout of a network.
TX Rate - Transmission Rate.
Upgrade - To replace existing software or firmware with a newer version.
Upload - To transmit a file over a network.
URL (Uniform Resource Locator) - The address of a file located on the Internet.
VPN (Virtual Private Network) - A security measure to protect data as it leaves one network and goes to another
over the Internet.
WAN (Wide Area Network)- The Internet.
WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy) - A method of encrypting network data transmitted on a wireless network for
greater security.
WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network) - A group of computers and associated devices that communicate with
each other wirelessly.
WPA (Wi-Fi Protected Access) - a wireless security protocol using TKIP (Temporal Key Integrity Protocol)
encryption, which can be used in conjunction with a RADIUS server.
Appendix F: Glossary
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Appendix G: Specifications
Model
WRT54G3G-VN
Standards
Channels
IEEE 802.3, IEEE 802.3u, IEEE 802.11g, IEEE 802.11b
11 Channels (US, Canada)
13 Channels (Europe)
14 Channels (Japan)
Ports/Buttons
Internet: One 10/100 RJ-45 Port or
PC Card Slot for Mobile Broadband Data Card
LAN: Four 10/100 RJ-45 Switched Ports
One Power Port, One SMA Port,
One Reset Button, One Data Card Connect/Disconnect Button
Cabling Type
LEDs
UTP CAT 5
Power, Ethernet (1, 2, 3, 4), Wireless, DMZ, Data Card, Internet
RF Power Output
802.11g: Typical 13.5 dBm (+/-2)
802.11b: Typical 16.5 dBm (+/-2)
Receive Sensitivity
UPnP able/cert
11Mbps @ -90 dBm Typical, 54Mbps @ -65 dBm Typical
Able
Security Features
Wireless Security
Stateful Packet Inspection (SPI) Firewall, Internet Policy
Wi-Fi Protected Access™ (WPA/WPA2 Personal), WEP,
Wireless MAC Filtering
Dimensions
6.69" x 6.69" x 1.30" (170 mm x 170 mm x 33 mm)
Appendix G: Specifications
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Unit Weight
12.35 oz. (0.35 kg)
Power
External 12 V DC, 1.0 A
Certifications
Operating Temp.
Storage Temp.
Operating Humidity
Storage Humidity
FCC, IC-03, CE, Wi-Fi (802.11b, 802.11g), WPA
32° F to 113° F (0° C to 45° C)
-4° F to 158° F (-20° C to 70° C)
20% to 80% Non-Condensing
10% to 90% Non-Condensing
Appendix G: Specifications
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Appendix H: Warranty Information
Contact your service provider as the warranty support issues are to be handled by them as per your service agreements.
LIMITED WARRANTY
Linksys warrants to You that, for a period of one year (the “Warranty Period”), your Linksys Product will be substantially
free of defects in materials and workmanship under normal use. Your exclusive remedy and Linksys' entire liability under
this warranty will be for Linksys at its option to repair or replace the Product or refund Your purchase price less any
rebates. This limited warranty extends only to the original purchaser.
If the Product proves defective during the Warranty Period call Linksys Technical Support in order to obtain a Return
Authorization Number, if applicable. BE SURE TO HAVE YOUR PROOF OF PURCHASE ON HAND WHEN CALLING. If You are
requested to return the Product, mark the Return Authorization Number clearly on the outside of the package and include a
copy of your original proof of purchase. RETURN REQUESTS CANNOT BE PROCESSED WITHOUT PROOF OF PURCHASE. You
are responsible for shipping defective Products to Linksys. Linksys pays for UPS Ground shipping from Linksys back to You
only. Customers located outside of the United States of America and Canada are responsible for all shipping and handling
charges.
ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES AND CONDITIONS OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE LIMITED
TO THE DURATION OF THE WARRANTY PERIOD. ALL OTHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED CONDITIONS, REPRESENTATIONS AND
WARRANTIES, INCLUDING ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY OF NON-INFRINGEMENT, ARE DISCLAIMED. Some jurisdictions do not
allow limitations on how long an implied warranty lasts, so the above limitation may not apply to You. This warranty gives
You specific legal rights, and You may also have other rights which vary by jurisdiction.
This warranty does not apply if the Product (a) has been altered, except by Linksys, (b) has not been installed, operated,
repaired, or maintained in accordance with instructions supplied by Linksys, or (c) has been subjected to abnormal
physical or electrical stress, misuse, negligence, or accident. In addition, due to the continual development of new
techniques for intruding upon and attacking networks, Linksys does not warrant that the Product will be free of
vulnerability to intrusion or attack.
TO THE EXTENT NOT PROHIBITED BY LAW, IN NO EVENT WILL LINKSYS BE LIABLE FOR ANY LOST DATA, REVENUE OR PROFIT,
OR FOR SPECIAL, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, INCIDENTAL OR PUNITIVE DAMAGES, REGARDLESS OF THE THEORY OF
LIABILITY (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE), ARISING OUT OF OR RELATED TO THE USE OF OR INABILITY TO USE THE PRODUCT
(INCLUDING ANY SOFTWARE), EVEN IF LINKSYS HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. IN NO EVENT
WILL LINKSYS’ LIABILITY EXCEED THE AMOUNT PAID BY YOU FOR THE PRODUCT. The foregoing limitations will apply even
if any warranty or remedy provided under this Agreement fails of its essential purpose. Some jurisdictions do not allow the
exclusion or limitation of incidental or consequential damages, so the above limitation or exclusion may not apply to You.
Please direct all inquiries to: Linksys, P.O. Box 18558, Irvine, CA 92623.
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Appendix I: Regulatory Information
FCC Statement
This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) This device
may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that
may cause undesired operation.
This product has been tested and complies with the specifications for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the
FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential
installation. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used
according to the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee
that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or
television reception, which is found by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the
interference by one or more of the following measures:
•
•
•
•
Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna
Increase the separation between the equipment or devices
Connect the equipment to an outlet other than the receiver's
Consult a dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for assistance
FCC Caution: Any changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the
user’s authority to operate this equipment.
FCC Radiation Exposure Statement
This equipment complies with FCC radiation exposure limits set forth for an uncontrolled environment. This equipment
should be installed and operated with minimum distance 20cm between the radiator and your body.
This transmitter must not be co-located or operating in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter. IEEE 802.11b or
802.11g operation of this product in the USA is firmware-limited to channels 1 through 11.
Safety Notices
Caution: To reduce the risk of fire, use only No.26 AWG or larger telecommunication line cord.
Do not use this product near water, for example, in a wet basement or near a swimming pool.
Avoid using this product during an electrical storm. There may be a remote risk of electric shock from lightning.
Appendix I: Regulatory Information
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Industry Canada Statement
This device complies with Industry Canada ICES-003 and RSS210 rules.
Déclaration d’Industrie Canada
Cet appareil est conforme aux normes NMB003 et RSS210 d'Industrie Canada.
Industry Canada Statement
Operation is subject to the following two conditions:
1. This device may not cause interference and
2. This device must accept any interference, including interference that may cause undesired operation of the device.
This device has been designed to operate with an antenna having a maximum gain of 2dBi. Antenna having a higher
gain is strictly prohibited per regulations of Industry Canada. The required antenna impedance is 50 ohms.
To reduce potential radio interference to other users, the antenna type and its gain should be so chosen that the EIRP is
not more than required for successful communication.
3. Industry Canada Radiation Exposure Statement:
This equipment complies with IC radiation exposure limits set forth for an uncontrolled environment. This equipment
should be installed and operated with minimum distance 20cm between the radiator & your body.
This transmitter must not be co-located or operating in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter.
Avis d'Industrie Canada
L'utilisation de ce dispositif est autorisée seulement aux conditions suivantes :
1. il ne doit pas produire de brouillage et
2. il doit accepter tout brouillage radioélectrique reçu, même si ce brouillage est susceptible de compromettre le
fonctionnement du dispositif. Le dispositif a été conçu pour fonctionner avec une antenne ayant un gain maximum de 2
dBi. Les règlements d'Industrie Canada interdisent strictement l'utilisation d'antennes dont le gain est supérieur à
cette limite. L'impédance requise de l'antenne est de 50 ohms.
Afin de réduire le risque d'interférence aux autres utilisateurs, le type d'antenne et son gain doivent être choisis de
façon à ce que la puissance isotrope rayonnée équivalente (p.i.r.e.) ne soit pas supérieure au niveau requis pour obtenir
une communication satisfaisante.
3. Avis d'Industrie Canada concernant l'exposition aux radiofréquences :
Ce matériel est conforme aux limites établies par IC en matière d'exposition aux radiofréquences dans un
environnement non contrôlé. Ce matériel doit être installé et utilisé à une distance d'au moins 20 cm entre l'antenne et
le corps de l'utilisateur.
L'émetteur ne doit pas être placé près d'une autre antenne ou d'un autre émetteur, ou fonctionner avec une autre
antenne ou un autre émetteur.
Appendix I: Regulatory Information
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User Information for Consumer Products Covered by EU Directive 2002/96/EC on Waste Electric and Electronic
Equipment (WEEE)
This document contains important information for users with regards to the proper disposal and recycling of Linksys
products. Consumers are required to comply with this notice for all electronic products bearing the following symbol:
Appendix I: Regulatory Information
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Appendix I: Regulatory Information
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Appendix I: Regulatory Information
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Appendix I: Regulatory Information
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Appendix I: Regulatory Information
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