Leisure Time Telescope LX20 User Manual

Instruction Manual

7" LX200 Maksutov-Cassegrain Telescope

8", 10", and 12" LX200 Schmidt-Cassegrain Telescopes

Meade Instruments Corporation

World's leading manufacturer of astronomical telescopes for the serious amateur.

6001 OAK CANYON, IRVINE, CALIFORNIA 92618-5200 U.S.A. • (949) 451-1450

FAX: (949) 451-1460 • www.meade.com

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NOTE: Instructions for the use of optional accessories

are not included in this manual. For details in this regard,

see the Meade General Catalog.

In the Schmidt-Cassegrain design of the Meade 8", 10", and 12" models, light enters from the right, passes through a thin lens with 2-sided

aspheric correction ("correcting plate"), proceeds to a spherical primary mirror, and then to a convex aspheric secondary mirror. The

convex secondary mirror multiplies the effective focal length of the primary mirror and results in a focus at the focal plane, with light passing

through a central perforation in the primary mirror.

The 8", 10", and 12" models include oversize 8.25", 10.375" and 12.375" primary mirrors, respectively, yielding fully illuminated fields-of-

view significantly wider than is possible with standard-size primary mirrors. Note that light ray (2) in the figure would be lost entirely, except

for the oversize primary. It is this phenomenon which results in Meade 8", 10", and 12" Schmidt-Cassegrains having off-axis field

illuminations 10% greater, aperture-for-aperture, than other Schmidt-Cassegrains utilizing standard-size primary mirrors. The optical

design of the 4" Model 2045D is almost identical but does not include an oversize primary, since the effect in this case is small.

LX200 Schmidt-Cassegrain telescopes now feature new baffle tube designs. These computer-optimized designs incorporate a series of 7

to 11 (depending on the focal ratio and size of the LX200) internal field-stops to eliminate almost all internal reflections, yielding the best

image contrast available in any Schmidt-Cassegrain available today.

The Meade 7" Maksutov-Cassegrain Optical System (Diagram not to scale)

The Meade 7" Maksutov-Cassegrain design optimizes imaging performance by utilizing a combination of two-sided spherical meniscus

lens (right), a strongly aspheric f/2.5 primary mirror, and a spherical secondary mirror. The convex secondary mirror multiplies the

effective focal length of the primary by a factor of six, resulting in an overall f/15 system at the Cassegrain focus.

The oversize 8.25" primary mirror results in a fully-illuminated (unvignetted) field of view significantly wider than can be obtained with

Maksutov optics incorporating primary mirrors of the same aperture as their meniscus correcting lenses. Computer-optimized primary and

secondary mirror baffles, as well as a sequence of field stops internal to the primary mirror baffle, yield lunar, planetary, stellar, and deep-

space images of uncommonly high contrast and resolution.

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¬ WARNING! ¬

Never use the LX200 telescope to look at the Sun! Looking at or near the Sun will cause instant and

irreversible damage to your eye. Eye damage is often painless, so there is no warning to the observer

that damage has occurred until it is too late. Do not point the telescope or its viewfinder at or near

the Sun. Do not look through the telescope or its viewfinder as it is moving. Children should always

have adult supervision while observing.

Captions for Figure 1

1. Viewfinder Dew Shield

10. Right Ascension Setting Circle

11. Power Panel

2. Viewfinder Collimation Screws

3. Declination (Dec) Setting Circle

4. Declination Pointer

12. Keypad Hand Controller

13. Diagonal Mirror

5. Focus Knob

14. Eyepiece

6. Eyepiece Holder

15. Bubble Level

7. Right Ascension (R.A) Lock

8. Right Ascension Slow-Motion Controls

9. Right Ascension Vernier Pointer

16. Hour Angel (HA) Pointer

17. Drive Base

18. Viewfinder Focus Lock Ring

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INTRODUCTION

one of 351 alignment stars or any one of 56,050 SAO, UGC, IC or

GCVS objects, press GO TO, and the telescope automatically

slews, or moves, to the object at up to 8° per sec., centering it in

the main telescope field.

As a new LX200 owner, you are preparing for a journey into the

universe with the most advanced amateur telescope ever

produced. The advent of this instrument is the culmination of

twenty years of innovation and design at Meade Instruments;

never before have the features you have in your hands been

available to amateur astronomers: from robotic object location to

the revolutionary Smart Drive and the most stable mounting

structure ever. Your telescope comes to you ready for adventure;

it will be your tour guide and traveling companion in a universe of

planets, galaxies, and stars.

c. Altazimuth Mode Operation

For all visual observing applications, and for lunar and planetary

photography, Meade LX200's may be set up in the Altazimuth

mode. Just attach the telescope's drive base directly to the tripod,

use the fast 1-star alignment procedure, and the telescope's

computer actuates 2-axis tracking that keeps objects precisely

centered in the field, even at high powers, during the entire

observing session.

Meade 8", 10", and 12" LX200 Schmidt-Cassegrain and 7"

Maksutov-Cassegrain telescopes are instruments of advanced

mirror-lens design for astronomical and terrestrial applications.

Optically and mechanically, the 7", 8", 10", and 12" telescope

models are perhaps the most sophisticated and precisely

manufactured telescopes ever made available to the serious

amateur. These telescopes enable the visual astronomer to reach

out for detailed observations of the Solar System (the planets:

Jupiter, Saturn, Mars) and beyond to distant nebulae, star

clusters, and galaxies. The astrophotographer will find a virtually

limitless range of possibilities since, with the precision Meade

worm-gear motor drive system, long exposure guided

photography becomes not a distant goal, but an achievable

reality. The capabilities of the instrument are essentially limited

not by the telescope, but by the acquired skills of the observer

and photographer.

d. Terrestrial Operation

Meade LX200's make incredible land-view telescopes. Set the

telescope up in the Altazimuth format, activate the Land menu

option on the telescope's computer, and use the keypad to track

land objects on both axes at any of the same 4 drive speeds!

e. Keypad and Power Panel Functions

The multifunction capability of LX200's includes direct

connection of popular CCD autoguider/imagers; RS- 232 serial

interface with a personal computer (PC), allowing the user to

perform all of the keypad functions through, or write custom

telescope software for

PC; brightness level control of an

illuminated reticle eyepiece from the keypad and including special

pulse-mode reticle operation.

The 7", 8", 10", and 12" LX200 are, with the exception of a few

2. Standard Equipment

assembly

operations

and

features,

almost

identical

a. 7" Model LX200

operationally. Most standard and optional accessories are

interchangeable between the three telescopes. The instructions

in this manual generally apply to all three telescopes; when

exceptions to this rule occur, they are clearly pointed out.

Includes 7" Maksutov-Cassegrain optical tube assembly with EMC

super multi-coatings (D = 178mm, F = 2670mm-f/15); heavy-

duty fork mount, with 4"-dia. sealed polar ball bearing, quartz-

microprocessor-controlled 5.75" worm gears on both axes;

setting circles in RA and Dec: handheld keypad Electronic

Command Center with digital readout display, permanently-

programmable Smart Drive, 9-speed drive control on both axes,

GO TO controller, High-Precision Pointing, and 64,340-object

onboard celestial software library; internal tube-cooling fan for

rapid image stabilization; 25 ft. power cord and adapter for

Important Note: If you are anxious to use your Meade LX200

Telescope for the first time, at the very least be sure to read

TELESCOPE ASSEMBLY (page 7), and QUICK START (page 9)

sections of this manual. Thereafter, we urge you to read the

balance of this manual thoroughly at your leisure, in order that

you may fully enjoy the many features offered by the

instrument.

telescope operation from 115v.AC;

50mm viewfinder;

eyepiece-holder and diagonal prism (1.25"); Series 4000

SP26mm eyepiece; variable-height field tripod; operating

instructions.

1. What Is the LX200? An Overview

Meade LX200 SCT's mark a new era in telescope technology for

the amateur astronomer, whether beginner or seasoned veteran.

For the beginner LX200 electronics permit the location and

observation of the major planets as well as hundreds of deep-sky

objects the very first night you use the telescope. For the

experienced amateur the telescopes' pushbutton electric slewing,

digital readouts, Smart Drive, and much more open up visual and

photographic capabilities heretofore undreamed of.

b. 8" Model LX200

Includes 8" Schmidt-Cassegrain optical tube assembly with EMC

super multi-coatings (D = 203mm, F = 1280mm-f/6.3 or 2000mm-

f/10); heavy-duty fork mount, with 4"-dia. sealed polar ball

bearing, quartz-microprocessor-controlled 5.75" worm gears on

both axes, and multi-function power panel display on the drive

base; manual and electric slow-motion controls on both axes;

setting circles in RA and Dec; handheld keypad Electronic

Command Center with digital readout display, PPEC Smart Drive,

9-speed drive control on both axes, GO TO controller, High-

Precision Pointing, and 64,340-object onboard celestial software

library; 25 ft. power cord and adapter for telescope operation from

115V.AC; 8 x 50mm viewfinder: eyepiece-holder and diagonal

prism (1.25"); Series 4000 SP26mm eyepiece; variable-height

field tripod; operating instructions.

a. Heavy-Duty Mounts

with 9-speed Dual-Axis Electronics

DC-servo-motor-controlled worm gear drives on both telescope

axes permit observatory-level precision in tracking, guiding, and

slewing. The 9-speed dual-axis drives cover every possible

contingency of telescope positioning: Press the SLEW button on

the keypad controller for rapid motion of the telescope across the

skies at up to 8 degrees per sec. (6 degrees per sec. for the 12"

LX200) on both axes simultaneously; once near the target, switch

instantly to the FIND speed for centering in the viewfinder at 2

degrees per sec. Observing the object in the main telescope, use

the CNTR speed (32x sidereal) to place the object in the center of

the field. During long-exposure astrophotography press the

GUIDE button for precise corrections at 2x sidereal speed.

c. 10" Model LX200

Includes 10" Schmidt-Cassegrain optical tube assembly with EMC

super multi-coatings (D

254mm,

1600mm-f/6.3 or

2500mm-f/10); heavy-duty fork mount, with 4"-dia. sealed polar

ball bearing, quartz-microprocessor-controlled 5.75" worm

gears on both axes, and multi-function power panel display on the

drive base; manual and electric slow-motion controls on both axes;

setting circles in RA and Dec; handheld keypad Electronic

Command Center with digital readout display, PPEC Smart Drive,

9-speed drive control on both axes, GO TO controller, High-

Precision Pointing, and 64,340-object onboard

b. Built-in 64,359-Object Library

Enter into the keypad any of the 110 Messier objects, 7,840 of the

finest NGC objects (galaxies, diffuse or planetary nebulae, star

clusters), one of the 8 major planets from Mercury to Pluto,

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celestial software library; 25 ft. power cord and adapter for

telescope operation from 115v.AC; 50mm viewfinder;

eyepiece-holder and diagonal prism (1.25"); Series 4000

SP26mm eyepiece; variable-height field tripod; operating

instructions.

As the high intensity light passes through the Schmidt corrector

plate, most of it is transmitted through (about 98%+) while the rest

of the light scatters through the glass. As the light hits the mirrored

surfaces, most of it is reflected back (about 94%) while the rest of

it scatters across the coatings. The total amount of scattered light

will be significant, and its effects allow you to see microscopic

details that are normally invisible to the unaided eye. These

anomalous details are real, but their combined effects will in no

way impose limits on the optical performance, even under the

most demanding observing or imaging criteria.

d. 12" Model LX200

Includes 12" Schmidt-Cassegrain optical tube assembly with EMC

super multi-coatings (D = 305mm, F = 3048mm-f/10); heavy-duty

fork mount, with 4"-dia. sealed polar ball bearing, quartz-

microprocessor-controlled 5.75" worm gears on both axes, and

multi-function power panel display on the drive base; manual and

electric slow-motion controls on both axes; setting circles in RA

and Dec; handheld keypad Electronic Command Center with

digital readout display, PPEC Smart Drive, 7-speed drive control

on both axes, GO TO controller, High-Precision Pointing, and

64,340-object onboard celestial software library; 25 ft. power cord

and adapter for telescope operation from 115V.AC; 8 x 50mm

viewfinder; 2" diagonal mirror with 1.25" adapter; Series 4000

SP26mm eyepiece; giant field tripod; foam-fitted carrying case;

operating instructions.

4. Caution: All LX200 Owners

CAUTION: Serious damage to the drive gears may

result from shock in handling, while transporting or

commercially shipping the LX200, should the R.A. lock

(7, Fig. 1), and/or the Dec. lock (2, Fig. 4) be left

engaged. Always release the locks when storing in the

case, or when crating for commercial shipment to allow

the telescope to give, if the case or crate is sharply

jarred or dropped.

Also, the optical and mechanical axes of all LX200

telescopes have been carefully aligned at the factory to

ensure accurate object pointing. Do not loosen or

remove the fork arms or optical tube assembly from

the drive base; the resulting misalignment of the axes

UNPACKING AND INSPECTION

As you begin to unpack your telescope from its cartons, you will

probably be interested in setting it up right away; we certainly

understand your excitement but please take a few minutes to read

this page before doing so. You should verify that you have all the

proper equipment, and that it has arrived to you undamaged.

will result in inaccurate slewing of the telescope in the

GO TO mode.

We strongly recommend that you keep your original packing

materials. If it should ever become necessary for you to return

your telescope to the Meade factory for servicing, these will help

ensure that no shipping damage will occur.

5. Caution: 10" and 12" LX200 Owners

CAUTION: Do not attempt to turn the focuser knob of the

optical tube until you have read this note!

Meade LX200 telescopes supplied to countries outside the U.S.A.

are identical to those offered domestically, with the exception of

the AC wall adapter.

NOTE: Next to the base of the focuser you will see a red-

colored slotted head bolt. This bolt is used only for safety in

shipment. Remove this bolt before attempting to turn the

focuser knob. In its place, insert the rubber plug provided as a

dust protector (this rubber plug is included with your hardware

package).

1. What You Should Have

Carefully unpack and remove all the telescope parts from their

packing material. Compare each part to the Standard

Equipment. You may wish to place a check next to each item as

you identify it. These Packing Programs represent the original

specifications for this instrument. Each telescope has been

inspected twice at the factory to confirm the inclusion of every

item.

Your focuser is now operational.

2. Please Look Everything Over

Meade Instruments and your shipper have taken precautions to

ensure that no shipping damage will occur, but if your shipment

has suffered severe vibration or impact damage (whether or not

the shipping cartons show damage) then it is important that you

retain all the original packing and contact the shipper to arrange a

formal inspection of the package or packages. This procedure is

required prior to any warranty servicing by Meade Instruments.

a. Commercial Reshipment

To commercially re-ship the telescope, be sure to follow this

procedure:

Turn the focuser knob clockwise until it stops. This will bring

the primary mirror all the way back in the tube.

3. Inspecting the Optics

Remove the rubber plug and insert the red-headed bolt.

Thread it in to a firm snug feel. Do not overtighten. (If you

Note on the "Flashlight" Test: If a flashlight or other high-

intensity light source is pointed down the main telescope tube, you

may at first be shocked at the appearance of the optics. To the

uninitiated, the view (depending on your line of sight and the angle

the light is coming from) may reveal what would appear to be

scratches, dark or bright spots, or just generally uneven coatings,

giving the appearance of poor surface quality. These effects are

only seen when a high intensity light is transmitted through lenses

or reflected off the mirrors, and can be seen on any high quality

optical system, including the giant research telescopes in use

today. It should be pointed out, however, that optical quality cannot

be judged by this grossly misleading "test", but through careful

star testing. The Flashlight Test causes even the very best optics

to look "terrible".

have misplaced the red-headed bolt, you may use any other

bolt that is 1/4-20x1" long.

3. When packaging the 10" or 12" LX200, be sure to release the

R.A. lock (7, Fig. 1), and Dec. lock (2, Fig. 4), to prevent

shock to the gears in the motor assemblies should the

package suffer severe handling.

Please note that commercial shipment of the 10" and 12" LX200

Telescope without the safety bolt in place and packed in the

original factory supplied shipping containers as described above is

done at the owner's risk and your warranty may be voided if

shipping damage results.

6. Keypad Version Number

The current keypad version is 3.20 (see sticker on back of

keypad). This does not indicate the telescope software version—

which is displayed on the keypad LED at power-up.

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TELESCOPE ASSEMBLY

Use the following steps to assemble your telescope.

Alternately, the field tripod can be used in conjunction with the

appropriate optional equatorial wedge (APPENDIX A, page 25) for

long exposure astrophotography. The equatorial wedge permits

alignment of the telescope's Polar Axis with the Celestial Pole (or

North Star).

NOTE: If the section is not applicable to all LX200 models, it is

noted at the beginning of each section.

1. The Field Tripod

The field tripods (Figs. 2 and 3) for Meade 8", 10", and 12" LX200

telescopes are supplied as completely assembled units, except for

the spreader bar (4, Fig. 2) and the 6 lock knobs (2 knobs for each

of the 3 tripod legs) used to adjust the height of the tripod. These

knobs are packed separately for safety in shipment.

After removing the field tripod from its shipping carton, stand the

tripod vertically, with the tripod feet down and with the tripod still

fully collapsed (see Fig. 3). Grasp two of the tripod legs and, with

the full weight of the tripod on the third leg, gently pull the legs

apart to a fully open position.

For visual (i.e., non-photographic) observations, the drive base

(17, Fig. 1) of the telescope's fork mount is attached directly to

the field tripod. The telescope in this way is mounted in an

"Altazimuth" ("Altitude-Azimuth," or "vertical-horizontal") format.

The telescope in this configuration moves along vertical and

horizontal axes, corresponding respectively to the Declination and

Right Ascension axes (explained later in this manual) in an

astronomical observing mode.

Thread in the 6 lock-knobs (2 on each tripod leg) near the foot of

each tripod leg (Fig. 2). These lock-knobs are used to fix the

height of the inner, extendible tripod leg sections.

NOTE: "Firm feel" tightening is sufficient; over-tightening may

result in stripping of the knob threads or damage to the tripod

legs and results in no additional strength.

The spreader bar (4, Fig. 2) has been removed for shipment. To

replace, first remove the threaded rod (2, Fig.2) from the tripod

head (1, Fig. 2); a small piece of plastic holds the threaded rod in

place. Remove the small plastic bag that is stapled to the threaded

rod. This bag contains the "C" clip retainer (used below) and an

extra clip.

Slide the spreader bar onto the threaded rod (note the correct

orientation as shown in Fig. 2) and position the threaded rod back

through the tripod head. Place the clip retainer ( a "C" clip) into the

slot in the threaded rod. This clip holds the threaded rod in place.

See Fig. 3.

Position the spreader bar so that the 3 arms of the spreader bar

are lined up with the 3 tripod legs.

Place the entire telescope onto the top of the tripod head, and

thread the threaded rod into the central threaded hole in the

bottom of the drive base of the telescope. Tighten the tension knob

(3, Fig. 2); firm tightening of the tension knob is sufficient to result

in rigid positioning of the tripod legs.

To vary the tripod height, loosen the 6 lock-knobs, slide the 3

inner tripod leg sections out to the desired height, and firmly re-

tighten (but do not overtighten) the 6 lock-knobs.

To collapse the tripod (after removing the telescope and equatorial

wedge, if applicable) for storage follow these steps:

•

Rotate the spreader bar 60° from its assembled position, so

that one spreader bar arm is located between each adjacent

pair of tripod legs.

•

At the base of the tripod is a 3-vane extension strut system,

with a circular hub at its center (7, Fig. 2). Grasp the tripod

head (1, Fig. 2) with one hand and, with the other hand, pull

directly "up" on the central hub of the extension strut system.

This operation will cause the tripod legs to move inward to a

collapsed position.

PRECAUTIONARY NOTES

•

If the tripod does not seem to extend or collapse

easily, do not force the tripod legs in or out. By

following the instructions above, the tripod will

function properly, but if you are unclear on the

proper procedure, forcing the tripod into an

incorrect position may damage the extension

strut system.

•

Do not overtighten the 6 lock-knobs used to fix

the inner tripod leg sections at various heights.

"Firm feel" tightening is sufficient.

Be sure the spreader bar (4, Fig. 2) is not

upside-down on the threaded rod.

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4. Checking the Collimation of the Optics

2. Mounting the Viewfinder

The optical systems of all Meade Schmidt-Cassegrains are

precisely collimated, or aligned, before leaving the factory.

However, if the telescope has received a severe jolt in shipment

the optics can become de-collimated, a situation which may result

in serious image degradation. Recollimating the optics is,

however, a simple procedure which is easily performed by the

telescope user. We urge all LX200 owners to confirm the

Collimation of their telescope, and to recollimate the optics if

necessary. For details in this regard, see page 82.

Each 7", 8", 10", and 12" LX200 telescope is supplied as standard

equipment with an 8x50mm straight-through viewfinder. The

bracket for this viewfinder is packed separately from the finder

itself, and 6 black nylon thumbscrews for Collimation are pre-

threaded into the viewfinder bracket. The viewfinder bracket

mounts onto the telescope with a quick-release mount. See Fig. 1.

a. Attaching the Viewfinder

The viewfinder is shipped separately from the bracket and must be

installed into the bracket. Slide the viewfinder into the bracket and

lightly tighten the 6 Collimation (alignment) screws (2, Fig. 1).

NOTE: There is no Collimation procedure required for the

Meade 7" Maksutov-Cassegrain telescope. Factory alignment

assures optimal viewing accuracies.

The quick-release mount allows the viewfinder to be easily

attached or removed from the telescope. To attach the unit, simply

slide the viewfinder with bracket into the mating base on the

telescope and tighten the two thumbscrews.

5. 12" Tube Swing-Through Limit

The length of the 12" LX200 optical tube prohibits the correcting

plate end of the tube from swinging through the fork arms — the

tube will hit the mount. When the telescope is aligned, the

software will stop the telescope from moving into the mount. If the

telescope is not aligned, there are also mechanical stops.

b. Focusing the Viewfinder

The viewfinder has been pre-focused at the factory. However,

should it become necessary to adjust the focus, follow these

steps:

1. Loosen the focus lock ring (18, Fig. 1).

When in LAND or ALTAZ modes, this limit does not restrict any

sections of the sky, since the limit is set at 45° from straight down.

When in the POLAR mode, some parts of the sky might be

restricted, depending on the latitude of the observing site.

While looking at a star, rotate the Dew Shield (1, Fig. 1) until

the star is in focus. (This refocuses the objective lens.)

CAUTION: Take care when rotating counter clockwise.

You are unthreading the dew shield and it may fall off if

rotated too far. Refocusing the objective lens will only

require a few turns of the Dew Shield at most.

Observing sites with latitudes higher than 45° will not have any

restrictions. Latitudes below 45° will have the southern horizon

restricted somewhat. To determine the amount of sky not

available, subtract the latitude of the observing site from 45. This

will give the number of degrees of southern horizon that the 12"

LX200 will not move to. For example, if the latitude of the

observing site is 35°, then 10° (45-35) of southern sky is

unavailable for observations.

3. When the Dew Shield is rotated to the sharpest focus for your

eye, tighten the focus lock ring against the Dew Shield to fix

its position.

c. Collimating the Viewfinder

The viewfinder will require alignment, or Collimation, with the main

telescope. Using the 26mm eyepiece, point the main telescope at

some easy to find land object (e.g., the top of a telephone pole or

corner of a building) at least 200 yards distant. Center a well-

defined object in the main telescope. Then, simply turn the 6

nylon Collimation thumbscrews (2, Fig. 1) until the crosshairs of

the viewfinder are precisely centered on the object already

centered in the main telescope. With this Collimation

accomplished, objects located first in the wide-field viewfinder will

then be centered in the main telescope's field of view.

6. 7" Tube Swing-Through Limit

The length of the 7" LX200 optical tube prohibits the correcting

plate end of the tube from swinging through the fork arms — the

tube will hit the mount. When the telescope is aligned, the

software will stop the telescope from moving into the mount. If the

telescope is not aligned, there are also mechanical stops and

some parts of the sky might be restricted if using a wedge,

depending on the latitude of the observing site.

Observing sites with latitudes higher than 45° will not have any

restrictions. Latitudes below 45° will have the southern horizon

somewhat restricted when using a wedge and polar aligning. To

determine the amount of sky not available, subtract the latitude of

the observing site from 45, this will give the number of degrees of

the southern horizon that the 7" LX50 will not reach. For example,

if the latitude of the observing site is 35°, then 10° (45 - 35) of

southern sky is unavailable for observations. No restrictions of

observable sky occur in the altaz mode of alignment and

operation.

3. Attaching the Diagonal Mirror and Eyepiece

The eyepiece holder (6, Fig. 1) threads directly onto the rear-cell

thread of the 8" and 10" telescopes. The diagonal prism (13, Fig.

1) slides into the eyepiece holder of the 7", 8" and 10" telescopes,

while the 2" diagonal mirror threads directly into the rear-cell

thread of the 12" telescope. In turn, both the diagonal prism and

diagonal mirror accept the supplied 1-1/4" O.D. eyepiece.

For astronomical observations, the diagonal prism or mirror

generally provides

more comfortable right-angle viewing

7. Maksutov Fan

The Maksutov optics are equipped with a fan which will assist

in the stabilization of the temperature of these optics. The fan

position. Alternately, in the 8" and 10" telescopes, an eyepiece

may be inserted directly into the eyepiece holder for straight-

through observations, the 12" telescope requires the accessory

eyepiece holder. Note in this case, however, that the image will

appear inverted and reversed left-for-right. With the diagonal prism

and mirror, telescopic images appear correctly oriented up-and-

down, but still reversed left-for-right. For terrestrial applications,

where a fully corrected image orientation is desired, both up-and-

down and left-for-right, the optional #924 Erecting Prism* or #928

45° Erect-Image Diagonal Prism should be ordered separately.

Eyepieces and the diagonal prism are held in their respective

will operate when

special power cord (supplied in the

accessory box) is plugged into the fan and the LX50 panel plug

marked "Aux" with the power switch in the "ON" position. The

amount of time required to stabilize the temperature will be

dependent upon ambient conditions including the observation

site and preexisting condition of the telescope. The fan should

be activated at the beginning of the observation session to

accelerate the temperature stabilization. As soon as the optics

have reached an equilibrium with the environment the fan

should be turned off by unplugging the fan power cord. Fan

operation time should range between 5 and 25 minutes. While

places on the telescope by

thumbscrews on the diagonal prism and eyepiece holder.

moderate tightening of the

it is permissible to run the fan continuously it is not

recommended because the very slight vibration of the fan may

cause noticeable movement of the objects observed in the

sensitive optics.

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QUICK START

To use the Declination fine-adjust, or manual slow-motion knob,

lock the telescope in Declination using the Declination lock knob

(2, Fig. 4), and turn the Declination slow-motion knob (1,Fig.4).

To utilize all the features of the telescope, it is necessary to enter

some information into the telescope's computer memory, and

learn the menu structure of the keypad hand controller, which is

described in the rest of this manual. As advanced as LX200

electronics are, the telescope is very straightforward to operate —

even if you have no experience whatsoever in using a personal

computer.

With the above mechanical operations in mind, select an easy to

find terrestrial object as your first telescope subject

example, a house or building perhaps one-half mile distant.

—

for

Unlock the Declination lock knob (2, Fig. 4), and R.A. lock (7, Fig.

1), center the object in the telescopic field of view and then re-lock

the Dec. and R.A. locks. Precise image centering is accomplished

by using the Dec. and R.A. slow-motion controls.

If you are reading this manual for the first time and are anxious to

"look through the telescope", this section will describe how to use

the telescope without going through the rest of the manual. But be

sure to come back and read the details, for most of the telescope's

features can not be accessed without a full knowledge of these

details.

The focus knob (5, Fig. 1) is located at the "4 o'clock" position as

you face the rear cell of the telescope. Focusing is accomplished

internally by a precise motion of the telescope primary mirror so

that, as you turn the focus knob, there are no externally moving

parts. You will find that if you turn the focus knob counter-clockwise

you are focusing towards the infinity setting, and turning clockwise

is for close distance. There are about 45 complete turns to go

from one end of focus to the other, and it is possible to focus past

infinity. Be patient during focusing as images quickly go in and out

of focus with only a slight amount of turning of the focus knob.

1. Using the LX200 Manually

The easiest way to use the telescope is to simply operate it

manually. With the telescope mounted on the field tripod (see The

Field Tripod, page 7), and with the diagonal prism and eyepiece in

place, you are ready to make observations through the telescope.

Even without the viewfinder (if not yet installed), terrestrial objects

will be fairly easy to locate and center in the telescope's field of

view with a low power eyepiece, simply by "gun sighting" along

the side of the main telescope tube.

2. Using the LX200 In LAND

The 7", 8", 10", and 12" LX200 telescopes are shipped with the

microprocessor set to LAND, the align menu option you will wish

to use to view terrestrial objects. In this menu option 4 different

motion speeds are active, allowing the telescope to be moved

electronically by means of the keypad. To use the telescope in

Land, follow these steps.

By unlocking the R.A. lock (7, Fig. 1), the telescope may be

turned rapidly through wide angles in Right Ascension (R.A.). The

reason for the terminology Right Ascension and its

complementary term, Declination will be made clear later in this

manual. For now, Right Ascension simply means "horizontal" and

Declination means "vertical". Fine adjustments in R.A. are made

by turning the R.A. slow-motion control knob (8, Fig. 1), while the

R.A. lock is in the "unlocked" position.

a. Loosen the Dec. lock knob (2, Fig. 4) and position the optical

tube approximately level, so that the Dec. setting circle (3,

Fig. 1) reads 0°. Retighten the Dec. lock knob.

CAUTION: Do not attempt to move the telescope

manually in a horizontal direction when the R.A. lock is

in the "locked" position.

Loosen the R.A. lock (7, Fig. 1) and rotate the telescope so

that the R.A. pointer (9, Fig. 1) and the HA pointer (16, Fig.

1) are approximately in line with each other. This will position

the fork arms so that they are parallel to the power panel (11,

Fig. 1). Tighten the R.A. lock

The R.A. slow-motion control knob may be turned, if desired, with

the R.A. lock in a "partially locked" position. In this way, a

comfortable "drag" in R.A. is created. But do not attempt to

operate the R.A. slow-motion control knob with the telescope fully

locked in R.A., as such operation may result in damage to the

internal gear system.

The above two steps are not necessary for the telescope to work,

so don't worry about having to get it exactly right. The telescope

has some "illegal" positions, places where the telescope will not

go and these two steps insure proper operation.

After setting up the telescope, plug in both coil cords with the

keypad, one of the supplied power sources, either the AC

Wall Adapter Power Converter (for AC current wall outlets),

or the optional DC Cigarette Lighter Power Cord (used in an

automobiles cigarette lighter outlet, with the ignition turned

on only to allow the electric power on from the car battery).

Releasing the Declination lock knob (2, Fig. 4), permits sweeping

the telescope rapidly through wide angles in Declination.

d. Turn on the power switch on the power panel of the LX200.

The keypad display (1, Fig. 5) will show "MEADE" for

several seconds as the microprocessor does

self-

diagnostic test. When the self-diagnostic test is complete,

the display will show "TELESCOPE" on the top line,

"OBJECT LIBRARY" on the lower line, and the red LED light

next to the "SLEW" button will light up.

At this point, the LX200 is ready to use. Select the speed at

which you want to move the telescope by pressing the

appropriate Speed Selection Key (4, Fig 5). Note that you will

be able to "see" the telescope move only in the SLEW and

FIND modes; CNTR (center) and GUIDE motions can only be

seen while looking through the telescope. The red LED next

to that key (3, Fig. 5) will light, indicating the speed selected.

Then press one of the four direction keys (2, Fig. 5) to move

the telescope in that direction at the selected speed.

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Method to Use?, page 13). Follow steps 4 through 8 in Setting Up

the Telescope, page 11, to change the telescope's operation to

Altazimuth (ALTAZ) mode before proceeding.

You should find the position of your observing site to within 1 or

minutes of arc in both latitude and longitude. Many automobile,

pilot, and topographical maps, as well as most atlases show

latitude and longitude in 15 minute increments or better. The

accuracy of the LX200 will depend on how close you get, so take a

little time to get as accurate as you can.

Once the above information is determined, it can be entered into

the telescope. It is easiest to enter the data with the telescope

sitting on a table indoors—do not try to do it outside at night.

Each step below is given without any details or explanations to

keep the process as simple and fast as possible. Next to each step

will also be a sample of what the keypad hand controller display (1,

Fig. 6) should look like after each step.

As an example, we will enter the data for Irvine, CA (LAT = 33°35',

LONG = 117°42'). If at any time you get "lost," simply turn off the

telescope and restart this procedure.

Turn the telescope power on. After a few seconds (after the

self-diagnostic test is complete), the display will look like

Display 1.

2. Press the ENTER key. This selects the TELESCOPE

functions. The display should now look like Display 2.

The LX200 can also be moved manually with the R.A. and Dec.

locks released, or as described above only. The Declination

manual slow-motion knob (1, Fig.4) is non-functional when power

is supplied to the telescope. When the power is "on", only use the

3. Press the ENTER key. This selects the SITE functions. The

display should look like Display 3.

N, S, E, and

keys on the keypad hand controller. Serious

damage can occur to the internal gears of the motor assembly if

the Declination manual slow-motion knob is turned even a slight

amount by hand.

Press and Hold the ENTER key until the keypad hand

controller beeps. This selects the first site for editing. The

display should look like Display 4, with the first "A" flashing.

3. Using the LX200 In ALTAZ (Altazimuth )

The two quick start methods described above allow you to use the

telescope, but do not make use of any of the computer features

available, including finding objects from the Object Library and

automatic tracking of stars. In order for these features to work, the

telescope's power needs to be "on," and the computer needs

some basic information, which is entered through the keypad.

Once entered, the information is permanently remembered by

the telescope's computer and need never be entered again, even if

the telescope is turned "on" and "off" many times.

Press the ENTER key. The display should now look like

Display 5.

This section will explain what keys to push to get the minimum data

required into the computer, without any detailed explanation (see

MODE FUNCTIONS, page 16, for detailed instructions). The steps

detailed here only take a few minutes and allow you to begin

making use of all the LX200 features.

Use the number keys to enter your latitude. The underline

designates the current cursor position. Mistakes can be

corrected by moving back (using the "E" and "W" keys). A

negative latitude can be entered by positioning the cursor

under the "+" and hitting the "NEXT" key (lower right-hand

key). When the latitude is correct, press ENTER. The display

will look like Display 6.

a. Entering Basic Information

In order for the LX200 to make the conversions between the stellar

coordinate system (R.A. and Declination) and the Altazimuth

coordinate system (altitude and azimuth), it needs to know three

pieces of information. This information only needs to be entered

one time — the LX200 remembers data even when the power is

off. Note, however, that the time should be checked and reset, if

necessary, on each observing session.

Use the number keys to enter your Longitude as above. When

complete, the display will look like Display 7.

b. Location of the Observing Site

NOTE: The SITE information cannot be entered if the telescope is

in LAND mode.

If the telescope is in LAND mode, the SITE menu option (Display 2)

will appear in lower case letters (see Which Alignment

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8. Press ENTER to complete the site information input. The

display will go back to Display 3.

U.S.A. TIME ZONES

STANDARD TIME

Press MODE to go back to Display 2.

TIME ZONE

HAWAII

DAYLIGHT TIME

+9 Hours

10. Press MODE again to go back to Display 1.

It is important to note that the longitude standard used in the

LX200 starts at 0 degrees in Greenwich U.K. and increases

Westerly only to 359 degrees 59 minutes. Many maps will show

Easterly longitudes which cannot be entered into the keypad

display. As an example, if your map indicates that you are at an

Easterly longitude of 18 degrees 27 minutes, then you would enter

341 degrees 33 minutes.

+10 Hours

+8 Hours

+7 Hours

+6 Hours

PACIFIC

MOUNTAIN

+7 Hours

+5 Hours

+ 4 Hours

+3 Hours

CENTRAL

EASTERN

ATLANTIC

+6 Hours

+5 Hours

+4 Hours

Do not concern yourself with differences in longitude and latitude

as they pertain to different map spheroid projections, those minor

differences are too small to adversely affect the longitude and

latitude data input.

For example: You live in the Pacific Time Zone and you are on

Daylight Time. The GMT time shift is +7 hours.

Use the number keys to enter the GMT time zone shift

determined from the table above. Press ENTER when done;

the display will go back to Display 8. If you are using the

c. Local Time and Date.

NOTE: The Time function on the 16" LX200 telescope is a

standard quartz clock. Like nearly any timepiece, the internal

clock of the telescope should be periodically checked and

updated to keep it as accurate as possible.

LX200 East of Greenwich U.K., then you must enter

(minus) GMT time zone shift by moving the blinking cursor

backwards in the display with the W key and then pressing

the NEXT key. The + (plus) sign will change to -(minus). Use

the number keys to enter the Westerly (+) GMT time zone

shift determined from the table above or your calculated

Easterly (-) time zone shift.

The local time should be set as accurately as possible, using the

24 hour format. The local time and date are used to determine

sidereal time (star time) and the pointing accuracy of the telescope

will depend on the accuracy of the time entered. Choose a reliable

source as a reference for accurate time such as your local airport,

or telephone company. In the U.S.A. you can double check the

accuracy of the exact minutes by dialing WWV for the universal

coordinated time at (303) 499-7111 (be sure to enter your local

time hour information, not the U.T. hour). For the example, we will

use 2:40:00 P.M. on August 5, 1998.

Press the ENTER key. This will select the DATE display

(Display 12), with a random date showing.

Press and Hold the ENTER key until the keypad hand

controller beeps. The display will look like Display 13, with

the blinking cursor over the first number.

1. The display should look like Display 1. If it does not, press the

MODE key until it does.

Press the MODE key twice. The display will look like Display

8, but with a random LOCAL and SIDE times.

9. Use the number keys to enter the current date. The display

should look like Display 14. Use the W and E keys to move

the blinking cursor left and right to correct any mistakes.

Press and HOLD the ENTER key until the keypad hand

controller beeps (display like Display 9).

10. Press the ENTER key when the date is correct.

After you press the ENTER key, the keypad hand controller will

display "Updating planetary data." The position of the planets

depends on the date, so anytime the date is changed, the planet

positions are recalculated.

Using the number keys, enter the current local time to within

5 seconds. (Remember, 2:40:00 P.M. is 14:40:00 in the 24

hour format.) Corrections can be made by moving the

flashing cursor using the W and E keys. The display should

look like Display 10. (NOTE: The time should be checked

and reset about once a month.)

This is all the information the LX200 needs to make use of all

features. The next steps actually align the telescope with the night

sky.

d. Setting Up the Telescope

After the basic information has been entered into the telescope,

the telescope is ready to actually set-up and use. Follow

TELESCOPE ASSEMBLY (page 6) to set-up the telescope outside,

and follow these steps:

Press the ENTER key when the time is correct. The display

will change to Display 11.

Using the Bubble Level (14, Fig. 1) located on the telescope's

drive base, level the telescope. This is a very important step

because the telescope's pointing ability depends on the

telescope being level. Make sure the bubble is precisely

centered by adjusting the height of the three tripod legs.

The next step is to enter the Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) time

zone shift (This procedure is a lot easier than it sounds). Simply

look up your time zone in the table below to find the GMT time

zone shift.

2. Loosen the Dec. lock knob (18, Fig. 1) and position the

optical tube assembly approximately level (so that the Dec.

Circle (3, Fig. 1) reads 0°. Retighten the Dec. lock knob.

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3. Loosen the R.A. lock (7, Fig. 1) and rotate the telescope so

that the R.A. pointer (9, Fig. 1) and the HA pointer (16, Fig. 1) are

approximately in line with each other. This will position the fork arms

so that they are parallel to the power panel (11, Fig. 1). lock the R.A.

lock. Steps 2 and 3 are not required for the telescope to work, so

don't worry about getting it exactly right. The telescope has some

"illegal" positions (places where the telescope will not go) and these

two steps insure proper operation.

use the next month's chart. Once you identify the

constellation, pick any of the labeled stars that is not within

a 10 degree radius of overhead, but do not choose Polaris,

for reasons made clear below. Polaris is also known as the

North Star, and is shown for reference only.

When aligning in ALTAZ, overhead stars can confuse the

LX200 because of an illegal position that prevents the optical

tube assembly from slewing past 90 degrees altitude to

protect the viewfinder from hitting the fork arm. The LX200

will track an overhead object, but it does so by moving

higher in altitude up to the illegal position, then the drive

speeds up and move 180 degrees in azimuth so that the

optical tube assembly can now be lowered in altitude to keep

up with the overhead object. Confusion arises because the

LX200 does not know which side of 180 degrees of azimuth

that it is on. Similarly, Polaris presents position problems in

ALTAZ alignment because it is so close to the North

Celestial Pole. In this region of the sky, the lines of Right

Ascension are so close together that even the LX200's

high-resolution encoders can yield ambiguous data.

Turn the telescope on. After a few seconds (after the self-

diagnostic test is comolete). the disolav will look like

Display 15.

Press the ENTER key. This selects the TELESCOPE

functions. The display should look like Display 16.

Press the NEXT key. This will move the arrow to the lower

line (see Display 17).

In our example of August 5, we would use the August chart,

face North and look up about 45 degrees. Cygnus is

probably the easiest constellation to recognize, and we will

use the star Deneb for our example.

Use the PREV and NEXT key to scroll through the list of

alignment stars until the arrow is positioned on Deneb

(Display 24).

Press the ENTER key to select the ALIGN function. The

display will look like Display 18. (If the display looks like

Display 19 — with a checkmark already next to ALTAZ, go

to step 9.)

The TELESCOPE and OBJECT LIBRARY features are

accessed through a series of menus, which are shown on the

keypad hand controller display. You can scroll up or down through

the list of choices by using the PREV and NEXT keys, and select

the indicated menu option with the ENTER key. Menu choices

that are shown in lower case letters are unavailable in the current

operating mode (LAND, ALTAZ, or POLAR). If you try to select a

lower case menu option, the keypad hand controller will emit

three warning beeps. Three beeps always indicate an attempt to

perform an invalid

Press the ENTER key to activate the ALTAZ mode. The

keypad hand controller will beep and display a checkmark

Press the ENTER key to use the checked mode (ALTAZ).

The keypad hand controller display will look like Display 20.

telescope operation.

14. Press the ENTER key to select Deneb. The keypad hand

controller displays a message (Display 25).

10. Press "1" to select "Star." The display screen will now look

like Display 21.

15. Center the alignment star (Deneb in our example) in the

eyepiece of the telescope. You can manually move the

telescope by loosening the Dec. lock knob and R.A. lock or

electrically by using the N, S, W, and E keys. If moving the

telescope electrically, be sure to use the speed keys, SLEW

to get close, FIND to center in the viewfinder, and CNTR to

center the star in the eyepiece. When the star is centered,

press ENTER.

next to the ALTAZ (see Display 19).

11. If you have not already leveled the telescope, do so now.

When the telescope is level, press ENTER. The display will

look like Display 22.

The telescope is now aligned and fully functional, and

automatically begins to track objects. From this point on, make all

telescope movements using of the keypad hand controller. Manual

movements by loosening the Dec. or R.A. locks will cause the

LX200 to "lose" position, requiring realignment.

12. This message simply reminds you what you should do next.

Press ENTER to show a display like Display 23.

e. Using the MODE Key

The LX200 has 5 basic keypad hand controller displays, and

the MODE key is used to move between them. The 5 modes

are:

1. Telescope Functions. The TELESCOPE mode is where all

telescope functions are changed or activated and the

OBJECT LIBRARY is where the features of the object library

are accessed.

13. Using the monthly star charts (APPENDIX B, page 29) pick an

alignment star. Look at the chart for the current month and

face the direction indicated. The constellations shown are

easily found

—

even in the city. The charts are

approximately 90 degrees wide, with the top of the chart

indicating straight up. If the time is after 9:00 PM, then

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Follow the keypad display prompts to choose and center the

the second alignment star. Be sure to use the keypad to slew

to the second star. After pressing the ENTER key in the last

2. Telescope Position. The first display shows the RA and

DEC (telescope position in stellar coordinates) and the

second display (accessed by pressing the ENTER key)

shows the telescope position in ALTAZ coordinates.

step,

the

keypad

display

should

show

the

TELESCOPE/OBJECT LIBRARY screen.

3. Time and Date. The first display shows local and Sidereal

time and the second display (accessed by pressing the

ENTER key) shows the date.

Important Note: Whenever using either of the 2-Star

alignment procedures (at a known SITE or at an unknown

SITE), choosing the proper two stars will determine the pointing

accuracy of the telescope. Choose two stars that are not too

close together — try to use stars that are at least 90° apart. Do

not use Polaris because RA changes very fast at the Pole and

minor centering errors translate to large RA pointing errors.

Also, avoid stars near the zenith (straight up) since azimuth

changes very fast in this area. Generally speaking, choosing

two stars as far apart as possible will yield very accurate

pointing, often within a few arc minutes.

Timer and Freq. This display is a countdown timer and

allows the user to change drive rates. These are advanced

features.

5. All Off. This mode simply turns off all displays and

backlighting. You can also adjust the backlighting

brightness by pressing the ENTER key and using the PREV

and NEXT keys to adjust the brightness.

f. Library Object Keys

While in any of the 5 main keypad display modes, you can directly

access the library objects by using the M, STAR, or CNGC keys

(see APPENDIX C, page 31, of this manual for more information on

the 64,359 Object Library). Simply press an object key, and type

in the number of the object desired, followed by ENTER. For

example, a good first object for the first part of the year is M42 —

the Great Orion Nebula.

The LX200 calculates the distance between the two stars that you

chose in the alignment steps and compares this to the distance

that you actually slewed the telescope. This is a check to be sure

you centered the correct stars during the alignment steps. Should

the LX200 discover a discrepancy, the keypad will display an

"Align Mismatch

—

Check Stars" message. If you get this

message after aligning the telescope, check that you are using the

correct stars and align again.

Press the M key, the 4 key, the 2 key, and finally the ENTER key.

The display will show data on the object (name, rating, object

type, brightness, size). Now press GO TO. The telescope will

automatically slew to M42.

c. Unknown SITE

To use the LX200 telescope at an unknown location, use the

following procedure:

If the object entered is not above the horizon, the keypad hand

controller will display the message "Object Below Horizon."

1. Select site #5 (UNKNOWN) from the SITE menu.

NOTE: This site cannot be edited like site numbers 1 to 4 as

described in Entering Basic Information, page 10.

Other good first objects (if above the horizon) are any of the M

objects — from M1 to M 110, and the planets. To find a planet

enter: (NOTE: 903 is the Moon.)

Follow the keypad display prompts to select and center the

two alignment stars.

OBJECT LIBRARY PLANET LEGEND

As described above, the LX200 will check the accuracy of the

PLANET

STAR #

PLANET

STAR #

two stars and give the "Align Mismatch

message if it detects an error.

—

Check Stars"

MERCURY

VENUS

MARS

901

902

904

SATURN

URANUS

NEPTUNE

906

907

908

d. Which Alignment Method to Use?

JUPITER

905

PLUTO

909

Each of the three method described above has advantages and

disadvantages. The following table summarizes these

properties.

4. Star Alignment

The 2-Star initialization routines provide three options for aligning

1-Star Known 2-Star Known 2-Star

Unknown

the LX200 telescope when in the ALTAZ mode.

Pointing

Accuracy

Determined By:

2-Star

Alignment

Level of

Telescope

2-Star

Alignment

NOTE: The 2-Star initialization routines only apply to the ALTAZ

alignment mode (see MODE FUNCTIONS, page 16, for POLAR

and LAND mode initialization).

The first and second options require that entry of the SITE and

TIME information as described in Entering Basic Information

(page 10). The third option is used when the SITE information is

not known or has not been entered into the LX200's memory.

Atmospheric

Refraction

Correction*

Yes

Atmospheric

Refraction

Correction

Level of

Telescope

Level

of Telescope

Not

Applicable

a. 1-Star with Known SITE

The 1-Star alignment routine was explained in detail in Setting Up

the Telescope (page 11).

Determined By:

b. 2-Star at Known SITE

When Best Used Best used

when the

Best used on a Best used

transportable when the

telescope with SITE

To use the 2-Star alignment procedure at a known site, follow

telescope is

these steps:

permanently

mounted and

accurately

the SITE

information is

not available

1. Select the 2-Star alignment (by pressing the "2" key); the

keypad display will prompt you to level the base. This

leveling step requires a rough level only and, unlike the 1-

Star alignment routine, does not affect the pointing accuracy

of the telescope. (See Section d. below for a summary of the

differences in telescope operation when selecting each of

the three alignment procedures.)

information

available

leveled

* Atmospheric Refraction Correction: Light from an astronomical object

is "bent," (refracted) as it passes through the atmosphere. This bending is

more pronounced near the horizon because there is more atmosphere for

the light to pass through, and it shifts the apparent position of the star. The

LX200 calculates this bending and compensates for it when slewing to

objects near the horizon.

2. After leveling the base and pressing ENTER, follow the

keypad display prompts to select the first alignment star.

Slew to that star using the N, S, E, and W keys.

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2. MODE Key

The MODE key (2, Fig.6) cycles through the five modes of the

LX200, and is used to exit from specific menu files.

THE LX200 KEYPAD HAND CONTROLLER

Designed to make you a better astronomer, the integration of

optics, mechanics, electronics, and software in the LX200

Maksutov Cassegrain or Schmidt Cassegrain Telescope is easily

mastered. So easy, in fact that the telescope becomes a natural

extension of the observer.

3. GO TO Key

The GO TO key (3, Fig. 6) causes the LX200 to automatically slew

to specific library entry coordinates. The GO TO key also produces

The LX200 gives you virtually every telescope function possible

with every control in a compact hand held console. The red LCD

backlit keypad has tactile touch buttons (some of which are brighter

than others), designed to have the right feel even if you wear

gloves. Its red LCD backlit display, key arrangement, and easy to

understand information allow you to focus the telescope and your

mind on the subject at hand.

blinking cursor in the GO TO menu file of the

COORDINATES/GO TO mode, to allow new Right Ascension and

Declination coordinates to be entered.

4. Direction Keys

Labeled N, S, E, and W, (4, Fig. 6) these four keys make the LX200

move, or slew, in a specific direction, with an option of four

different speeds, explained later. During entry to change a value,

the E and W keys can be used to move the blinking cursor back

and forth across the LCD display, so that if an error is made during

entry, it can be erased and changed.

The LX200 keypad hand controller is a dual axis drive corrector

with periodic error control; an information display center for the

computerized library;

digital coordinate readout system;

pulsing, illuminated reticle eyepiece brightness controller; a two

speed electric focuser controller, and a red LED flashlight!

The remaining 12 keys have multiple functions, there are up and

down arrow keys, and numbered keys from 0 through 9. Each one

of these keys also has alternate functions listed above the arrow

symbols and numbers. The ALT LED light is only visible when

entering numerical data. A description of the individual keys

follows:

You will find within a few minutes of powering up the LX200 that

the keypad becomes warm, which is normal for the system. The

electronics utilize a heat sink as a means to provide the correct

operating environment temperature for the LCD display even in

sub-zero weather. If you are in these colder conditions, the

display may not be visible until the keypad has transferred enough

heat. This process can take a few minutes upon powering up the

telescope. While severe cold weather is not damaging to the

electronics, it is advised to keep the keypad in a warmer area to

allow immediate proper display performance.

5. Speed Keys (SLEW, FIND, CENTER, and GUIDE)

These keys (6, Fig. 6) allow you to set the rate of movement (slew)

speed in the drives of the LX200, as activated by the N,

5. E, and W keys. The chosen rate is indicated by the speed

indicator illuminated LED beside the rate key that you have

pressed, the speed rates are SLEW (4 degrees per second), FIND

(1 degrees per second), CNTR (16X sidereal rate), and GUIDE

(2X sidereal rate).

NOTE: All of the slew speeds will drive the LX200 in all four

directions, except for GUIDE. The 2X sidereal speed in GUIDE

has one difference in that it will not interrupt the Right

Ascension tracking direction to make Easterly (for Northern

hemisphere) or Westerly (for Southern hemisphere)

adjustments; it will merely slow down the tracking drive to one

half its normal speed. You will find, however, that the slower

drive will move the image opposite of the tracking direction,

without disturbing the smooth drive action. This performance is

absolutely essential when making astrophotographs.

SLEW, FIND, CENTER, and GUIDE keys also have numbers

listed 7, 4, 1, and 0 respectively. When editing a value, the

multiple function of each of these keys is realized. SLEW and

FIND are also used to set the "fast" focus speed for the electric

focuser accessory option, while CNTR and GUIDE set the "slow"

focus speed. There are other special functions for the CNTR and

GUIDE keys that are discussed in the RET KEY operations.

6. RET Key

Typically used for guiding the LX200 during an astrophotograph,

the RET key (5, Fig. 6) is used to change the brightness and

pulse rate of the optional corded style illuminated reticle eyepiece.

Pressing either the PREV and NEXT (up and down arrow) keys

while holding down the RET key, alters the reticle brightness level

up or down.

The LX200 keypad buttons are described as follows:

When guiding on very faint stars, you may find it helpful to pulse

the light from the LED so that the reticle crosshairs blink on and

off. You will be able to adjust the reticle brightness as well as adjust

the pulse rates. There are three pulse rates that can be used, all

with a one second pulse interval. The continuous illumination

control and pulse rates are set by holding down the RET key and

pressing one of the following keys; GUIDE (100% on, no pulsing),

CNTR (50% on, 50% off), MAP (25% on, 75% off), CNGC (10%

on, 90% off).

1. ENTER Key

The ENTER key (1, Fig. 6) is used to select a menu file, a file

option, or to edit a value. To select a file or an option, press and

release the ENTER key. The LX200 will give a short beep tone and

perform the action that you have requested. To edit a value, press

and hold the ENTER key until a double beep tone is heard and a

blinking cursor appears in the display. There are some other

specific situations where the ENTER key is used. These are

described in detail where necessary. From now on, the two types

of presses will be called 'press' and 'press and hold."

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THE LX200 POWER PANEL

The power panel incorporates a power switch and LED indicators

showing power on with a current ammeter to show power draw.

7. FOCUS Key

The FOCUS key (9, Fig. 6) allows 2 speed electric focus control of

the optional Meade #1206 Electric Focuser (or equivalent corded

electric focusers such as the Meade Model #1200A). To activate,

press either the SLEW or FIND key (for fast focusing), or the

CNTR or GUIDE key (for slow focusing), press and hold the

FOCUS key, and then press and hold the PREV or NEXT keys for

near and far focus.

The power panel has all of the connectors for the AC or DC power

input, the DEC Motor, and the keypad. There are connectors

designed to accept optional accessories such as

autoguiding camera, the optional Meade Field De-Rotator, the

Meade #1206 Electric Focuser, and an illuminated reticle

eyepiece. There is even a connector for RS-232 communication

that will allow you to perform every function of the keypad from

your personal computer. An illustration and a description of the 16"

LX200 power panel features follows:

CCD

8. MAP Key

The Map key (11, Fig. 6) turns on and off the red LED 'flashlight'

that is located at the top of the keypad. The deep red LED light will

protect your night vision while you search for

accessory or examine a star chart.

particular

1. ON/OFF Switch

When the ON/OFF Switch (7, Fig. 7) is moved to the ON position,

the power light indicator, the Current Ammeter, and the keypad all

light up. You will hear the drive motors rev which momentarily pegs

the Ammeter, then the drive motors shift to a slower speed which

allows the RA worm gear to find its centering position for

calibrating the Smart Drive, then resuming to an even slower

tracking speed. The keypad display reads "Meade," then the

version of the software is indicated briefly before defaulting to the

TELESCOPE/OBJECT LIBRARY. Within 15 seconds, the

planetary orbital calculations with their corresponding apparent

sizes and magnitudes, and current stellar precession

calculations are made. Every computer function is checked, and

the LX200 diagnostics are complete.

9. Object Keys (M, STAR, and CNGC)

These keys (10, Fig. 6) allow direct access to the LX200's Object

Library any time that you are not editing value or setting a

parameter, or selecting a file menu. Use the Object keys when you

are at a "top level" of a mode. After pressing one of these keys, the

keypad's display will give a blinking cursor, allowing you to enter

the catalog number for objects listed in the library (see APPENDIX

C, page 31). After entry press the ENTER key. To see the entered

object press the GO TO key. A brief description of the catalog key

symbols are; M (Messier objects), STAR (stars and planets), and

CNGC (Computerized New General Catalog).

The 16" LX200 has several object libraries which are accessed

with the STAR and CNGC keys.

2. N/S Switch

When you press the STAR or CNGC keys, the display will show

which object library you are currently in and wait for a number

entry, as described above.

The recessed N/S Switch (8, Fig.7) converts the LX200 for

operation in the Northern or Southern hemisphere, making the

drive reverse its' tracking direction. Before power up, the

appropriate N or S switch position should be made, as the LX200

will not recognize a change made on the N/S switch afterwards.

Use a pen or small tool to slide the switch appropriately. Be sure

before you travel across the equator, that you are setting the

proper + or - latitude SITE entry for your final destination.

To switch to a different library, press the ENTER key instead of

entering a number.

The keypad display will show a menu of libraries available. Move

the cursor to the desired library and press ENTER to select.

The 16" LX200 will "remember" the database you last accessed.

Each time you press the STAR or CNGC keys, the same object

database will be displayed on the first line of the keypad display.

3. Ammeter

he Ammeter display (1, Fig. 7) is a series of vertical red LED bars.

Each bar that is fully lit represents 0.3 ampere (300 milli-amperes)

of current draw. The LED Ammeter represents its lowest value on

the extreme left of the scale. During normal tracking speeds, the

Ammeter will show about three fully lit LED bars and at times a

fourth that is partially lit, indicating about 900 to 1000 milli-amps or

0.9 to 1.0 amps of current draw (when a slew is initiated, the

ammeter will peg the scale momentarily showing the inertia load,

this effect is entirely normal). The current draw information can be

useful if you are trying to calculate how much battery life you will

have during an observing session.

10. PREV AND NEXT Keys

The PREV and NEXT (up and down arrow) keys (12, Fig. 6) move

the display LCD arrow up and down the menu files and menu file

options, so that you may choose an individual selection to enter.

These keys are also used when adjusting the RET brightness

range, or when activating the electric focuser. PREV and NEXT

work as well to select the objects from the Object Library when

using START FIND.

As an example, if the ammeter has

four bars lit, indicating 1.2 amps

and you are using a 12 amp hour

battery,

then

know

the

approximate number of hours of life

the battery would yield by dividing

12 by 1.2. This indicates a battery

life of 10 hours.

4. DEC Motor Connector

The DEC Motor Port (11, Fig. 7) is a

DB-9 socket, designed to accept

the supplied coil cord. One end of

the supplied coil cord plugs in to the

power panel and the other plugs

into the DEC MOTOR socket in the

right fork arm to power the

declination motor.

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5. CCD Connector

MODE FUNCTIONS

To view the separate modes within the LX200 system, press the

MODE button located between the ENTER and GO TO keys at the

top of the hand controller. Simple entry and editing of information

in the different modes contained within the system will customize

the operation of your LX200 to perform virtually any of your

observing requirements. Better still, all of the critical information

such as time, location, alignment type, and many other functions

are kept in memory...even with the LX200 turned off!

The CCD Port (10, Fig. 7) allows direct interface from popular

aftermarket CCD autoguiding/imaging cameras with their

compatible connecting cables to accomplish autoguiding for non-

attended astrophotography. The CCD cameras effectively watch

a star and detect slight movements. When star movements are

detected, signals from the CCD electronics make drive corrections

in the LX200, to bring the star to a home position.

Most CCD autoguiding/imaging cameras are supplied with a cable,

which is compatible with the LX200 port. If your CCD unit does not

have a cable, one can be obtained from the CCD manufacturer, or

you can make your own cable using the following table of

information.

The type of alignment, the objects that you see, the location that

you observe from, the tracking speeds of the drives, all of the clock

and timing functions, the position information, and even the

brightness level of the backlit keypad are defined by the

information that you give and/ or the commands that you edit,

through five different modes of the LX200 computerized hand

controller.

CCD Connector Pin

LX200 Assignment

Normally Closed

West

Once you have selected the desired mode, you can then select the

individual file within the mode by pressing the PREV or NEXT key

(up and down arrow key) in the bottom right hand portion of the

hand controller, moving the LCD arrow up or down beside the file

description. Although you will only be able to see two menu

selections at a time in the keypad display, you will see more as you

continue to press the PREV and NEXT keys.

North

Ground

South

East

6. Power 12 vDC Connector

When the desired file is chosen, press the ENTER key to view the

files menu. To choose an individual menu, again use the PREV or

NEXT key to run the LCD arrow up or down the files menu. To

explore a menu selection, again press the ENTER key. In some

modes there will be options for a files menu selection, in others

you will only enter data.

The power 12 vDC connector (9, Fig. 7) is designed to accept

either the standard-equipment AC Converter or the optional DC

Power Cord. The acceptable voltage range (under load) is from

12 to 18 volts.

7. Keypad Connector

At any time that you wish to return to main file heading in

particular mode, just press MODE and it will behave as an exit key.

The keypad connector (6, Fig. 7) is a 4 pin phone jack connector

socket, designed to accept standard 4 pin phone jack coil cords.

One end of the supplied coil cord plugs into the keypad port, the

other end plugs into the LX200 keypad.

1. Mode One: TELESCOPE/ OBJECT LIBRARY

This is the mode that the LX200 will default to after the instrument

completes its self-check, when the LX200 is first turned on. The

TELESCOPE/OBJECT LIBRARY mode can be thought of as

command central. It is here that we can select the way that we

want the LX200 to perform mechanically, and where we can

explore and select from its extensive library of stored objects.

8. Reticle Connector

The Reticle connector (5, Fig. 7) accepts optional accessory

corded, plug-in style illuminated reticle eyepieces such as the

optional Meade 12mm Illuminated Reticle Eyepiece, or the Meade

Series 4000 Plossl 9mm Illuminated Reticle Eyepiece (corded

style), to allow brightness control and on/off pulsing rates to be set

from the LX200 keypad.

To explore either the TELESCOPE menu file or the OBJECT

LIBRARY menu file, move the LCD arrow to the appropriate

selection by using the PREV or the NEXT key and press the

ENTER key.

9. Focuser Connector

The focuser connector (4, Fig. 7) accepts optional accessory

corded, plug in style electric focusers such as the Meade #1206

Electric Focuser, to allow electric focus adjustment control from

the LX200 keypad.

a. TELESCOPE Menu File

Below are the 14 selections of the TELESCOPE menu file,

illustrating the individual menu files and file options.

1. SITE: The SITE menu option allows you to enter up to four of

your favorite viewing locations in longitude and latitude. The

entered longitude and latitude is compared by the LX200's

computer to your local time, GMT offset, and calendar date

to accurately calculate celestial coordinates. Once entered,

the information is stored in the telescope's internal memory,

you need never re-enter the same information. To enter new

site information or to change an old one, see QUICK START,

page 9.

10. RS-232 Connector

The RS-232 connector (2, Fig. 7) allows personal computer

interface to allow communications at 9600 baud to access every

feature of the LX200 keypad. Many popular astronomy programs

are available which directly interface with Meade LX200

telescopes, including Epoch 2000sk Sky Software by Meade

Instruments Corp. In APPENDIX F (page 58) of this manual is a

wiring schematic to make your own RS-232 connector cord, a cord

test program, a demonstration program, and the LX200 Command

Set for writing programs. Meade Instruments supplies this

information for professional programmers. Meade Instruments

Corporation does not offer support or advice for writing software

for the RS-232 option.

You can choose any one of the four site options (or the

UNKNOWN site) at your convenience, without the bother of

entering longitude and latitude every time you use the

LX200. Once the site is chosen, exit the SITE menu by

pressing the MODE key.

2. ALIGN: The Align menu selection of the TELESCOPE file

11. Aux Connector

demonstrates the unique ability to transform the LX200 into

The Auxiliary connector (3, Fig. 7) is used for the 7" Maksutov fan

an Altazimuth, celestial tracking telescope,

polar-

power.

equatorial celestial tracking telescope, or land spotting

scope with electric Altazimuth movements within three

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options, which are; ALTAZ, POLAR, and LAND.

TELESCOPE mode and press the ENTER key.

Ignore the keypad display instructions to return the

telescope to 90 degrees in Declination and 00 HA.

Instead, press the GO TO key and the LX200 will slew

to the calculated position of where the pole star should

be.

Assuming that you have already entered correct local time,

latitude, and longitude (see QUICK START, page 9) you are

ready to choose a particular type of alignment, by pressing

the NEXT or PREV key to run the arrow beside the desired

option of ALTAZ, POLAR, or LAND, and then pressing the

ENTER key. The display will then give you specific

instructions from this point that will literally walk you through

the chosen alignment type.

Re-center the pole star in the field of view in the

eyepiece using only the adjustments on the pier in

altitude and azimuth.

ALTAZ: ALTAZ (Altazimuth) requires that you mount the

LX200 directly to the top of the field tripod (with the

power panel facing North), and adjust the leg extensions

of the tripod until the instrument is level. You are then

required to align on one or two of the bright stars in its

look up table of 33 alignment stars. This allows your

LX200 to track in altitude and azimuth simultaneously

for visual observations, or very brief (under five

minutes) exposure astrophotography or CCD imaging

(longer exposures will require the Field De-Rotator).

ALTAZ allows you to fully access the Object Library as

well as all other telescope functions. Complete

instructions for using ALTAZ are in the QUICK START

(page 9).

Press the ENTER key, and the LX200 will once again

slew to a bright star overhead. Center this star using

the N, S, E, or W keys, then press ENTER.

NOTE: Pressing the MODE key at any point in the

alignment routine aborts the routine and exit to the top

menu.

After each 15 minute interval you will find that the pole

star becomes more accurately centered each time. You

can repeat the intervals as often as you like to obtain

the highest accuracy. An optional illuminated reticle

crosshair eyepiece makes the job of centering the star

easy.

There may be situations when it is impossible to see the

pole star due to something blocking your line of sight.

On such an occasion, just press the ENTER key for the

POLAR option so that it has a check next to it, then

follow the instructions in Precise Polar Alignment,

page 30. You will require the use of an illuminated

reticle crosshair eyepiece* to complete the task. Once

finished, follow the steps below for a permanently

mounted LX200 section to access the Object Library.

POLAR: POLAR allows you to use the 16" LX200

(mounted on a permanent pier set to your latitude) as

an equatorial telescope. With the LX200 powered up,

the POLAR file option selected, and the field tripod

leveled, the telescope should be adjusted so that the

Declination setting circle (3, Fig. 1) is set to 90 degrees

and the telescope is rotated to the 00 hour angle (HA)

position in Right Ascension. In this position, the

viewfinder (Fig. 1) is up-side down, and the R.A.

pointer (4, Fig. 5), the 00 line of the R.A. setting circle

(3, Fig. 5), and the HA pointer (5, Fig. 5) all line up. (If

you do not start at the 00 H.A. position, the telescope will

point to the ground instead of the sky, when the keypad

display chooses its second star.) Press the ENTER key

and the LX200 will determine and slew to the precise

off-set of the pole star in Declination and Right

Ascension.

d. The Permanently Mounted, Polar Aligned LX200:

For those who will permanently mount the LX200 in an

observatory, or wish to use the already polar aligned

telescope for several nights in succession, it is

recommended that a high precision polar alignment

be made with one of the methods described above.

Once done, however, you need not bother yourself to

go through a polar alignment routine on successive

nights (provided that you do not move the instrument on

the pier) to access the Object Library and enjoy near

perfect tracking.

At this point you need only aim the instrument at the pole

star (see APPENDIX C, page 31, if the pole star is not

visible) and center it in the eyepiece field using only the

altitude and azimuth adjustments on the pier. Once

done, you again press the ENTER key and the LX200

To bypass the polar alignment sequence, follow the

steps outlined below:

•

Return to the POLAR menu option and place a check

next to it by pressing the ENTER key.

will choose and slew to

very bright star that is

overhead and can usually be seen in the field of view of

the viewfinder. At this point, center the bright star using

only the Right Ascension and Declination adjustments

of the telescope (either manually by loosening the locks

only or electrically), then press ENTER. You can now

access every every function of the LX200.

Then directly enter the catalog number of an object that

you are familiar with in the sky by pressing the M,

STAR, or CNGC key (see APPENDIX D, page 34, for

information on the Object Library) and press the ENTER

key again.

•

Manually center the familiar object in the eyepiece of

the telescope.

c. Refined Polar Alignment: Astrophotographers

routinely require polar alignments of the highest

accuracy for the finest guiding characteristics. Your

initial polar alignment can be refined by using the

LX200's electronics by using a slightly different method

in the POLAR menu option. The steps outlined below

should be performed in two or three 15 minute intervals.

At each interval the telescope will slew to the area

where the pole star should be centered in the optics.

You may find that the pole star is somewhat off-center in

the eyepiece showing the alignment error that may have

been made during your initial setup. Re-center the pole

star during each interval using the tripod adjustments

only (see APPENDIX B, page 29) in altitude and azimuth,

then follow the rest of the routine.

Press and hold the ENTER key until the display reads

"Coordinates matched."

You have now synchronized the Object Library and the

LX200 will correctly access every other object in the

sky.

LAND: The LAND menu option transforms the ALTAZ

(Altazimuth) mounted LX200 into an electric slewing

spotting scope. In this mode, continuous tracking is

canceled and all of the celestial modes and menus are

non-functional, showing lower case lettering in the

displays and a beep tone if you try to enter one of them.

The LX200 will slew at any one of the four speeds of

SLEW, FIND, CNTR, and GUIDE as activated by

pressing the appropriately marked keys on the left

Return to the POLAR menu option in the

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side of the keypad. Altazimuth coordinate readings can

still be displayed in the coordinates mode (see MODE 2,

page 22). Refer to QUICK START (page 9) for the LAND

menu option, for full operating procedures. You will

also find that the addition of the Meade #928 45-Degree

Erect Image Prism or the Meade #924 Porro Prism

instead of the standard supplied star diagonal prism, will

give the normal right-side-up and left-to-right views that

you are accustomed to when using a spotting scope.

corrections immediately by pressing any of the direction (N,

S, E, W) keys to keep the star on the crosshair of the guiding

eyepiece. It is suggested that you train in DEC LEARN for at

least half of your intended exposure time for an astrophoto.

The longer that you train, the more accurate the DEC

LEARN will be. Once the desired time is finished, press

ENTER and the training will cease. The Smart Drive will then

determine how many key pushes that you gave in N and S

and choose the direction based from which direction received

more commands. It then averages the time between key

pushes in the chosen direction. In this way, the Smart Drive

can correct for Declination drift (should your polar alignment

be slightly off), or will allow you to more precisely guide on

non-stellar objects, such as comets, asteroids, etc.

SMART: The SMART menu file controls the Smart Drive and

allows you to train almost all of the periodic error from the

Right Ascension drive worm gear (errors induced by tiny gear

imperfections that tend to slightly speed up or slow down the

drive tracking speed, that occur in a regular 8 minute pattern,

or for every rotation of the worm) for greatly enhancing the

tracking characteristics or the amount of East and West drift

of your LX200. This greatly simplifies guiding during

astrophotography. The menu also has provisions for

correcting Declination drift. Smart Drive will retain the

training given to the R/A drive, even after the telescope is

turned off. There is of course a way to erase any training

given to it at your command.

To play back your DEC LEARN training, move the LCD arrow to

DEC CORRECT and press ENTER. To halt the play back press

ENTER again. To erase the DEC LEARN • training, either move

the LCD arrow back to DEC LEARN and press ENTER twice or

turn the LX200 off.

4. 12/24 HR: The 12/24 HR menu selection of the TELESCOPE

file simply toggles between a 12 and 24 hour display of

local time in the time mode.

The SMART menu has five options. They are; LEARN,

UPDATE, ERASE, DEC LEARN, and DEC CORRECT. To

use the Smart Drive, the LX200 must be mounted with the

optional equatorial wedge (see APPENDIX A, page 25),

equipped with an illuminated reticle eyepiece*, and used in

the POLAR align menu selection. Be sure to train the Smart

Drive in the 60.1 Hz Quartz setting that the LX200 will be

automatically set at power up. Thereafter, you can adjust this

setting in the TIMER/ FREQ mode and still enjoy the periodic

error correction.

To toggle between 12 and 24 hours displays, move the

arrow to 12/24HR and press ENTER. To return to the

original setting, press ENTER again.

HELP: The HELP menu selection of the TELESCOPE file is

an electronic mini-manual that will briefly describe the

function of each command key on the LX200 keypad.

To use this menu, move the arrow with the PREV or NEXT

key to HELP and press ENTER. To read the lines of text, use

the PREV and NEXT keys. To exit, press MODE.

Once a polar alignment has been completed, your LX200 will

point to a bright star overhead that will be near the Celestial

Equator. This will be a good star to train the Smart Drive on.

You can of course, move to another star just as long as you

are near 0 degrees in declination and more or less overhead

in Right Ascension. Now is good time to set the brightness

and/ or the pulse rate (see THE LX200 KEYPAD HAND

CONTROLLER, page 14) of the illuminated reticle on the guide

star and practice guiding for a few minutes.

REVERSE N/S: The REVERSE N/S menu selection of the

TELESCOPE file reverses the direction of the telescope in

North and South movements (e.g., when you press the N

key the scope will move South or down instead of North or

up). This is especially useful during some guiding

applications in imaging and observing.

To use the REVERSE N/S menu, move the arrow to

REVERSE N/S and press ENTER. If you wish to return the

direction commands to the original setting, press ENTER

again.

To actually begin training the Smart Drive, move the LCD

arrow to LEARN by using the PREV or NEXT key and press

ENTER. There will be numbers that will appear next to the

LEARN display, that will begin counting down to zero. The

highest number that can appear is 240. The period of the

worm is eight minutes and the number represents a sector of

the worm wheel which will change to the next lower digit

every two seconds. As the keypad display approaches sector

5, an alarm will alert you that training is about to commence.

At this point try to keep the star on the same location of the

crosshair during the eight minute training sequence by

pressing the N, S, E, and W keys. After eight minutes, the

training is over and Smart Drive will play back the drive

corrections automatically, dramatically improving the R.A.

drive tracking.

REVERSE E/W: The REVERSE E/W menu selection of the

TELESCOPE file reverses the direction of the telescope in

East and West movements (e.g., when you press the W key,

the telescope will move East instead of West).

To use the REVERSE E/W menu, move the arrow to

REVERSE E/W and press ENTER. If you wish to return the

direction commands to the original setting, press ENTER

again.

BALANCE: When adding optional equipment to the LX200,

like a heavy camera, it is often necessary to rebalance the

telescope using the Meade #1404 Tube Balance Weight

Systems.

If you wish to further refine the accuracy, move the LCD

arrow to UPDATE and press ENTER and follow the same

instructions as above. This can be done in UPDATE as many

times as you wish. With each training the Smart Drive will

average your training sequences.

Selecting option #8 from the TELESCOPE menu moves the

LX200 telescope rapidly up and down in Declination. This

provides an easy way to determine when the telescope is

balanced in the Declination axis. (Remember, loosening

the Dec. lock to check the balance will cause the LX200 to

lose alignment.)

If you find that you have made a mistake in training (e.g.

pushed E instead of W when you should have), you can

eliminate the memory by moving the LCD arrow to ERASE

and press ENTER.

When the telescope is out of balance, the LX200 will draw

more current when slewing in the "heavy" direction and the

Dec. motor will sound different.

A star that drifts consistently North or South during guiding,

can also be corrected for. Move the LCD arrow to DEC

LEARN and press ENTER. Begin making drive

After selecting option #8, watch the Ammeter and listen to

the Declination motor to determine when the LX200 is

balanced.

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NOTE: If this star is not in the field of view or if it is obstructed

by a land object, the other two stars are available. Use the

PREV and NEXT keys to cycle through the three closest stars.

9. HI-PRECISION: The High-Precision Pointing feature of

LX200 allows for very precise pointing of the telescope. By

incorporating the unique LX200 SYNC command, 0.3 arc-

sec resolution encoders, and high-speed DC servo motors,

observers can now place objects in the telescope's field of

view with 1 arc-minute or better pointing accuracy. This

makes critical image placement applications, such as CCD

imaging, possible.

c. The telescope will slew to the selected object or position.

10. SLEW RATE: Option #10 in the TELESCOPE menu is for

changing the slew rate of the LX200 telescope. Slowing down

the slew rate will result in less noise as the telescope moves

and will also use a little less power. To change the slew rate,

follow these steps:

Normal telescope pointing accuracy is better than 5 arc-

minutes when doing a casual alignment, which is more than

accurate enough for most observing applications. (A "casual"

alignment is one that uses the UNKNOWN SITE or one that

is done without the use of a reticle eyepiece to exactly

center the alignment stars.) This type of alignment will put

objects into the field of view of most eyepieces and is more

than adequate for almost any visual observing application.

Press the MODE key on the keypad until the

TELESCOPE/OBJECT LIBRARY menu appears. The

cursor should be next to the TELESCOPE option — if

not, press the PREV key to move the cursor up one

space.

b. Press ENTER to select the TELESCOPE functions.

A "critical" alignment will improve the pointing accuracy of

Press the PREV or NEXT keys to move the cursor to

option #10: SLEW RATE. On the right hand part of

the display, the number 4 is displayed. This

represents the current slew rate in degrees per

second.

the telescope to

arc-minutes or better. This type of

alignment requires accurate SITE information, time, date,

proper selection of the two alignment stars, and a reticle

eyepiece to exactly center the alignment stars. These steps

generally require only a few extra seconds to accomplish,

and will improve the telescope's positioning by a substantial

amount. Using the "critical" alignment will provide telescope

positioning suitable for all but the most demanding pointing

applications — including CCD imaging with larger chip

cameras, like the Meade Pictor 416 and Pictor 1616 CCD

cameras.

d. Press the ENTER key to change the slew rate. Each

successive ENTER key press increments the slew rate

by 1 degree per second.

e. After setting the desired rate, press the MODE key to

return to the TELESCOPE/OBJECT LIBRARY menu.

NOTE: The slew rate is NOT stored in permanent memory and

needs to be reset each time the telescope is powered up. The

default slew rate is 4 degrees per second.

The HI-PRECISION feature increases the pointing

accuracy of the LX200 to 1 arc-minute or better and also

requires the "critical" alignment described above. This will

yield the best pointing accuracy possible, placing objects

onto the active area of the even the smallest CCD cameras

available.

11. BACKLASH: The Backlash feature is only available in the

POLAR mode.

When taking long exposure astrophotographs, it is

necessary to "guide" the photograph to make sure the

telescope is tracking perfectly, otherwise stars will appear as

ovals instead of pinpoints. This is done by setting the LX200

keypad to the GUIDE speed, monitoring the star location

(e.g. with an off-axis guider), and making small

It should be stressed that for most applications, using the

HP feature is NOT required to get maximum enjoyment out

of the telescope. For an evening of simple visual

observations, the "casual" alignment is all that is required.

Don't let the pointing precision of the telescope become more

important than the fun of observing the night sky!

corrections to the telescope position by using the N, S, E,

and W keys.

The High-Precision Pointing mode requires the "critical"

alignment, described above, to maximize the telescope's

pointing ability. The LX200 default condition is with HP

disabled. To activate the HP mode, select the "hi-precision"

option from the TELESCOPE menu (option #9). When

selected, "HI-PRECISION" will change to upper case letters.

When making these corrections, the R.A. motor will speed

up or slow down (by pressing the "E" and "W" keys). The

Declination motor, however, when activated (by pressing the

"N" and "S" keys) will actually stop and reverse direction.

Because of backlash in the Declination motor gearbox, there

will be a few seconds delay before the

telescope begins to move when reversing direction.

When HP is active, the LX200 automatically does several

things whenever a GO TO is initiated.

The Dec. backlash feature compensates for the Dec. motor

gearbox backlash and provides instant telescope movement

when the motor is reversed.

a. HP will search the alignment star database and find the

three closest stars to the object (or position) entered.

This process takes about 10 seconds and the keypad

will show Display 26:

To program the Dec. backlash, use this procedure:

a. Move to option #11 from the TELESCOPE menu.

The keypad display will show:

'"11) BACKLASH 00"

The "00" in the display shows the number of arc-

seconds of backlash the LX200 is set to compensate

for (the default setting is 0 arc-seconds).

b. The telescope will slew to the nearest alignment

star. These are all bright (brighter than 3rd

magnitude) stars and far enough apart to insure

that there will only be one in the field of view. The

keypad display will show Display 27:

While observing

star at high power, time the

Declination movement delay when reversing the motor

directions (by pressing the "N" and "S" keys). Typical

values are 2 to 4 seconds.

The GUIDE speed for the Declination motor is 15 arc-

seconds per second. Therefore, multiply the

number of seconds delay by 15.

using a reticle eyepiece, center tne star in tne neia or

view. (Or center the star on the CCD chip if using a

CCD camera.) Press GO TO when the star is centered.

d. Press and hold the ENTER key for 1 second. The

keypad will beep and a blinking cursor will appear on

the keypad display. Enter the number determined in

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2 0

Press the ENTER key and the hand control will display the

first object in its finding sequence. This first object is

selected by the LX200, based off of where the instrument is

pointing in the sky when you entered START FIND. To point

your LX200 to the object displayed, press the GO TO key

and it will slew to the object.

step c, above. Press ENTER when the number is

entered.

Check the time delay as described in step b. If there is

a delay, increase the compensation number. If there is

slight jump when reversing direction, then the

number is too large.

While in the START FIND option, you can either choose the

next object in line or skip it as you wish. In order to find the

next object in sequence, press the NEXT key, and the

display will show the new CNGC object. If you do not wish to

view this object, press NEXT again. If you wish to return to a

previously viewed object, press the PREV key until the

desired catalog number is displayed and press the GO TO

key. If you have set some limitations in the PARAMETERS

When the compensation number is correct, the LX200

telescope will move almost instantly when reversing the

direction in Declination. This compensation feature also

works in conjunction with . popular CCD autoguiders,

allowing for more accurate autoguiding.

This number is stored in permanent memory and

should never need to be set again.

option, it will only find those objects within your chosen

confines.

b. OBJECT LIBRARY Menu File

If you find that the object is not well centered in the eyepiece

after executing a GO TO (due to poor leveling, improper time

input, or errors in site location), center the object; then press

and hold the ENTER key until the display reads

The OBJECT LIBRARY menu file is the other half of the

TELESCOPE/OBJECT LIBRARY mode. With it you can

become a tourist of the sky, or conduct research surveys of the

64,359 objects. The LX200 Object Library is accessible in the

most results-getting, user friendly system ever designed for

observers and astrophotographers.

"Coordinates Matched." This feature in

essence

synchronizes the LX200 for an area of the sky, so that the

next object (if the leveling, time input, or site location

information is not corrected) will be better centered,

provided it is not too far away from the object that you

matched coordinates to.

The core library, essentially

"greatest hits of the sky,"

encompasses eight planets of our solar system from Mercury to

Pluto, 351 stars (doubles, variables, pole stars), the entire

Messier catalog of 110 objects, 7840 of the finest galaxies, diffuse

and planetary nebulae, and globular and open star clusters

To exit the START FIND menu selection (and cease its

operation) to the main menu, press MODE.

The position epoch of these objects is for real time, updated each

time you turn on your LX200. Even the planet's positions have

their orbits calculated! This not only qualifies the LX200 as the

most accurate integrated object library available, it will never

require updated software for precession of the stars or planetary

orbital changes.

3. FIELD: Press theENTER key to identify objects in the

field of view of the telescope. The LX200 will display the

object centered in the eyepiece field, and how many other

NGC objects are in thefield at the same time (defined by

the RADIUS parameter setting) as shown in Display 28:

There are three primary ways to use the Object Library. You can

directly access the library by using the M, STAR, or CNGC keys

(see THE LX200 KEYPAD HAND CONTROLLER, page 14) and entering

a specific catalog number, the START FIND option can be used to

logically find objects in organized strips of the sky that can be

custom tailored to only show the objects you wish to see with a

selection of object types, size brightness, etc., or you can scan the

sky and have the Object Library tell you what is in the field of view

in the eyepiece by using the FIELD option. Below is a description

of the four OBJECT LIBRARY menu files and file options:

To access the OBJECT LIBRARY menu file, move the arrow to the

OBJECT LIBRARY display by pressing the PREV or NEXT key

while in the TELESCOPE/OBJECT LIBRARY mode and press the

ENTER key. Now you can access the four menu selections within

the OBJECT LIBRARY by moving the arrow to the desired menu

selection by using the PREV or NEXT keys and doing the

following steps.

1. OBJECT INFO: Press the ENTER key to read the type,

brightness, size, and quality. Press ENTER again to read the

coordinates. Press ENTER once more to determine how far

off the telescope is pointing from the entered object (this is

displayed in LCD bars, each bar is ten degrees, or if it is on

the object, no bars). This same information can also be

accessed at any time by pressing the ENTER key for any

object entered by the M, STAR, or CNGC keys. Press MODE

to exit to the main menu file.

START FIND: The START FIND option resources the CNGC

objects within the Object Library and begins a logical search

starting wherever the telescope is positioned when

activated. To cover the entire visible sky it will make 31 strip

divisions about 12° wide, moving from West to East, from the

North Pole to the South Pole, then South to North. Once it

has found all of the CNGC objects it will repeat its sequence

until new objects are visible.

If you are centered on the object already, such as if you are

in the FIELD menu selection, or if you have already made a

GO TO command in one of the other methods for finding an

object, the above display will be blank.

To review any of the data of an object, continue to press

ENTER until the desired field appears. You can use these

commands at any time that you have an object entered in the

keypad, while directly entering in specific objects by pressing

the M, STAR, or CNGC keys, in the START FIND

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menu selection, the OBJECT INFORMATION menu

selection, or the FIELD menu selection.

find objects below your setting.

Enter the number of degrees above the horizon that

will clear the obstructions in the sky. To roughly judge

how many degrees the obstruction is taking up of the

sky, merely hold your fist at arms length. Each fist

diameter is approximately 5 degrees. So, if a tree is

three fists high, you would make a setting of 15 degrees

in the HIGHER setting. Once the setting is finalized,

press ENTER.

4. PARAMETERS: It is here that you can edit the Press ENTER

to find eight options which can be reviewed by scrolling

through this menu selection using the PREV or NEXT key.

To edit an option, move the arrow to the desired option and

press and hold ENTER until a double beep is heard and a

blinking cursor appears (except in the BETTER option)

Where numerical values are to be input, simply type them in

from the keypad. If you make a mistake, you can move the

cursor backward using the W key, then re-enter the data. To

exit to the main option menu, press the ENTER key once

again. A description of the eight options and how to set them

is below:

LOWER: The LOWER menu file option sets the zenith

limit setting for the telescope. At power up, the setting is

90 degrees, which assumes that you point the

telescope straight up. If, however, you have instruments

on the telescope which will not clear the fork arms, or if

you want to avoid the 10° Field De-Rotator limit, this

setting can be used.

a. TYPE GPDCO: This menu file option allows you to

select the type of CNGC objects that you wish to locate.

GPDCO represent:

Enter the number of degrees from the zenith that you

want to limit. Once the setting is finalized, press

ENTER.

OBJECT SYMBOL LEGEND

SYMBOL

DESCRIPTION

LARGER: The LARGER menu file option allows

settings of the lower apparent size limit of the objects

you wish to see. At power up it is set to 000' (arc

minutes). In order to make a decision as to the size

limits that you may impose, it helps to have a clear

understanding of exactly what an arc minute of sky is. A

good example is the apparent size of the Moon, which

could be expressed as 1/2 of a degree, 30 arc minutes,

or 1800 arc seconds. Each arc minute is 60 arc

seconds, and there are 60 arc minutes for each degree

of sky.

GALAXIES

PLANETARY NEBULAE

DIFFUSE NEBULAE

GLOBULAR STAR CLUSTERS

OPEN STAR CLUSTERS

Initially, the blinking cursor appears over the G symbol.

If you decide not to look for galaxies, press NEXT and

the symbol will change from an upper case letter (G) to

a lower case letter (g), to deselect the GALAXIES

category. If you wish to leave GALAXIES selected,

then move the blinking cursor over to one of the other

category symbols by pressing the W or E key on the

keypad. You can then deselect the undesired

categories.

Some beginning observers have

discerning objects less than about 1 arc minute in

size unless it is double star or planet.

tough time

Astrophotographers and those involved with CCD

imaging may want to set a higher value based on the

desired image scale coverage that would be most

impressive with different types of films or

CCDcameras. Enter the new value in arc minutes,

then press ENTER to exit to the option file.

If you wish to recall a category symbol, move the

blinking cursor over the symbol and press the PREV

key. After your selections are made, press ENTER.

b. BETTER: The BETTER menu file option allows you to

define the visual object quality range. At power up, the

range is set at the bottom of the scale on VP, when

using the START FIND menu selection, it will select all

objects that are very poor through super or what could

be considered an "ALL" setting. The object quality

symbols are:

SMALLER: This menu option is the upper size object

limit. At power up the setting is for 200 arc minutes or

3.33 degrees. This setting is high enough to cover the

largest objects in the OBJECT LIBRARY. You may want

to lower the value because of true field-of-view

limitations of a particular eyepiece (see the RADIUS

parameter option for calculating true field).

QUALITY SYMBOL LEGEND

Other reasons for limiting the value in SMALLER is for

astrophotographic or CCD imaging requirements where

we don't want the object to exceed the imaging area of

the film or the CCD chip.

SYMBOL

DESCRIPTION

SUPER

EXCELLENT

VERY GOOD

GOOD

BRIGHTER: The lower brightness limits based on

stellar magnitude can be limited in the BRIGHTER

menu. At power up, the magnitude value is set to a

very faint level of +20.0.

FAIR

POOR

You may want to adjust the magnitude level to a

brighter value starting at perhaps the limiting visual

magnitude of your LX200, which is approximately 15.5

for the 16" LX200. If you are taking astrophotographs,

the limiting magnitude is about 18.0. Sky conditions

also greatly affect the limiting magnitude due to

atmospheric haze, high clouds, light pollution, or

combinations thereof.

VERY POOR

If you wish to define the object quality range to Very

Good and better, press the ENTER key until the symbol

VG is displayed. From the VP setting to VG requires

three ENTER key presses. The LX200 will now select

objects that look Very Good through Super.

HIGHER: The Higher menu file option sets the horizon

setting for the telescope. At power up, the setting is 00

degrees, which assumes that you have an unobstructed

line-of-site to the horizon in every direction. If, however,

there are things obstructing a level horizon, or if the sky

quality is poor due to haze or light pollution, you can set

an artificial horizon level so that your LX200 will not try to

h. FAINTER: The upper level of brightness may also be

adjusted with the FAINTER menu file option, although

you may find few applications for limiting it to a lower

value.

RADIUS: The RADIUS value sets the boundaries of

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your LX200 knows no bounds, any celestial object, including

comets, asteroids, etc. are easily found, provided you have

accurate coordinate data to refer to.

in a given eyepiece while in the FIELD menu. At power

up the RADIUS menu file option is set to 15 arc minutes,

the radius of 1/2 a degree (30 arc minutes), which is

about the proper setting for a 26mm eyepiece used in

an 8" f/10 LX200.

To enter

new pointing position in Right Ascension and

Declination, press the GO TO key and a double beep will be heard

followed by a blinking cursor that will appear over the RA =

coordinate numbers. At this point, type in the new Right Ascension

coordinate numbers, then press the ENTER key. You will then

notice that the blinking cursor is over the DEC = coordinate

numbers. Enter the new Declination coordinate numbers, then

press the ENTER key and the LX200 will slew to the new

coordinate position.

To calculate the true field of an eyepiece in the

telescope, first divide the focal length of the telescope

(e.g., 2000mm for an 8" f/10) by the focal length of the

eyepiece (the standard supplied eyepiece is a 26mm

Super Plossl, 2000 divided by 26 equals 77X

magnification). Then find the apparent field of the

eyepiece (which is 52 degrees for the 26mm Super

Plossl) and divide it by the magnification (52 divided by

77 equals 0.67 degrees, multiplied by 60 equals 40.2

arc minutes).

You can also slew to ALTAZ coordinates from the ALTAZ display

as described above.

If you need to enter a minus Declination setting, move the blinking

cursor over the + symbol with the W key and then press the NEXT

key to get the - (minus) symbol, then move the blinking cursor to

the first number with the E key and enter the new coordinate

numbers. If you are already at a minus (-) Declination setting and

wish to enter a plus (+) declination setting, follow the same

instructions as above but press the PREV key instead to get the +

symbol.

To get the radius of the true field of view, divide the true

field by 2. In the case of the above equation, 40.2 arc

minutes divided by 2 equals 20.1 arc minutes.

2. Mode Two: COORDINATES/GO TO

Mode Two allows you to see where you have pointed the LX200 in

two celestial coordinate formats, either R.A. and Dec. or

Altazimuth. Also in this mode you can enter new Right Ascension

and Declination coordinates for any sky position, perhaps to locate

objects not in the LX200 library such as comets or asteroids and

have your telescope slew to the new coordinates.

3. Mode Three: CLOCK/CALENDAR

The continuously operating clock and calendar is the life pulse of

your LX200. At power up, the telescope's sidereal clock

automatically allows the system computer to make orbital

calculations of the planets, and correct stellar precession for

superior pointing ability.

a. Coordinates Menu File

You will at first see the RA = and DEC = coordinates of where the

telescope is pointing. If you move the LX200 with the N, S, W, or E

keys, the coordinates display will immediately update the new

position in Right Ascension and Declination.

Your accurate initial input of local time and date, with its long-life

lithium battery back-up, need not be re-entered every time you

use the LX200, thus enhancing the user friendly aspects of the

instrument.

You can also display computed information of the Altazimuth

coordinates (ALT = and A2 =) by pressing the ENTER key. To

return to RA = and DEC =, press the ENTER key again.

To set the local time and date and to enter the correct GMT offset

(see QUICK START, page 9). Be sure to use your local hour setting

appropriately in either 12 hour or 24 hour format as

predetermined by the 12/24 HOUR TELESCOPE menu file option.

The RA = display is broken down into hours, minutes, and tenths

of a minute, and the DEC = display is broken down into + for North

Declination and - for South Declination into degrees and minutes as

shown in Display 32:

The long-life lithium battery (Panasonic CR2032 3 vDC or Duracell

DL2032B) is stored behind the power panel of the Drive Base (see

Behind the Power Panel, page 53 for battery replacement

information).

If you have made an ALTAZ style of alignment, the ALT = and AZ =

coordinate display is formatted so that 0 degrees azimuth (AZ =) is

due South that increases to up to 359 degrees and 59 minutes

moving clockwise, or from due South moving Westerly, altitude

(ALT =) is formatted so that straight overhead is +90 degrees and

00 minutes, decreasing to +00 degrees, and 00 minutes as you

move the telescope level with the horizon, and then as the LX200

moves below +00.00 it will give minus altitude readings. The

Altazimuth coordinate display is shown in Display 33:

4. Mode Four: TIMER/FREQ

a. TIMER = Menu Option

The TIMER = menu option is for accurately timing different

observing or imaging tasks for up to 12 hours long. Counting down

to zero, in the hours, minutes, and seconds format, it will give a

pleasant beeping tone to notify you that the time is up. To set the

TIMER, move the arrow to TIMER = 00:00:00. Then press and

hold the ENTER key to get the double beep tone and the blinking

cursor. Enter the number of hours, minutes, and seconds that you

require. If you need to correct an error in entry, use the E and W

keys to move the blinking cursor and then type in the correct

information. After entry, press the ENTER key again and the

cursor will delete. When you are ready to start your time count-

down, press the ENTER key once more. To pause the count-down

press ENTER again, and then again to resume.

While in ALTAZ, you will find during slewing in one direction, that

both the RA = and DEC = display will change at the same time,

while the ALT = and the AZ = display will only change in the

direction that the telescope is being slewed. It is also important to

note that only the Declination setting circle (3, Fig. 1) will give a

correct reading. The R.A. setting circle (10, Fig. 1) will only give

correct readings in the POLAR setting (see APPENDIX B, page 29).

If you want an automatic 12 hour countdown, press the ENTER

key without holding. Then press ENTER to countdown.

b. FREQ = Menu File

FREQ = (Frequency) allows you to adjust the tracking speed (not

slew speed) of the LX200 digitally in tenths of a hertz from 56.4 Hz

to 60.1 Hz, so that you can match virtually every celestial motion

in the sky. Some popular drive rate settings are:

b. GO TO Menu Option

The GO TO menu option, allows you to enter new Right

Ascension and Declination coordinates of any object in the sky, so

that the LX200 will slew to the new position. With this ability,

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2 3

FREQ RATE

60.1 Hz Q

DESCRIPTION

NOTES

Sidereal rate;

Quartz setting

Default rate at power up.

Gives sidereal frequency

accuracy to ±.005%; Best

for astrophotos

60.0 Hz

57.9 Hz

Average rate for tracking

planets; Actual rates vary

due to retrogrades,

Solar and

planetary rate

oppositions, etc.

Lunar rate

Best rate for tracking the

Moon

There are three menu file options in FREQ =. To see or set the

options, move the arrow to FREQ = and press ENTER. At power

up, the FREQ = default is the 60.1 Hz Q setting. The quartz rate is

precisely fixed and cannot be altered. To choose a different rate,

press the ENTER key to see 60.1 M and then again to see 60.1 M

with the up and down arrow. These two menu file options can

adjust the tracking speeds. The adjustment techniques are

described below:

Display 34 shows the manual rate menu file option that can be

adjusted by pressing and holding the ENTER key to get the double

beep tone and the blinking cursor. Type in the new rate, then

when finished, press the ENTER key again.

Display 35 shows the menu file option that allows you to step the

drive tracking frequency setting in tenths of a hertz, by using the

PREV and NEXT (up and down arrow) keys. This is a convenient

feature if you are trying to match the precise speed of a planet,

comet, or any other non-stellar object. To exit this option, press

the MODE key.

5. Mode Five: KEYPAD OFF/BRIGHTNESS ADJUST

In order to see very faint objects, it will sometimes be necessary

to either dim or completely turn off the keypad red LCD

backlighting. To do so press the MODE button until the display

goes blank. This is the OFF option.

To set the keypad brightness, press the ENTER button and adjust

the brightness to your satisfaction with the PREV and NEXT keys.

To exit, press the MODE key.

This brightness setting also dims the power panel power LED and

Ammeter.

NOTE: The backlighting is done by edge lighting a plastic light

bar underneath the keypad. Four LEDs are used and do not

give a perfectly even backlighting of the keys as keys closer to a

LED will be a little brighter than those keys further away.

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2 4

MAGNIFICATION AND FIELD OF VIEW

1. Magnification

bright, clearly resolved but smaller image will show far more detail

than a dimmer, poorly resolved larger image.

Because of certain characteristics of the human eye (in particular,

eye pupil diameter) and because of optical considerations

inherent in the design of a telescope, there exists minimum

practical powers. Generally speaking, the lowest usable power is

approximately 4X per inch of telescope aperture, or about 28X in

the case of the 7" telescope. During the daytime, when human

eye pupil diameter is reduced, the minimum practical power with

the 8" LX200 is increased to about 60X, to about 75X with the 10"

LX200, and to about 90X with the 12" LX200; powers lower than

this level should be avoided during daytime observations. A

reasonable magnification range for daytime terrestrial

observations through the 7" LX200 is from about 70X to 180X, 8"

LX200 is from about 80X to 190X, through the 10" LX200 from

about 100X to 200X, and the 12" LX200 from 120X to 240X. It

should be noted, however, that the higher magnifications may not

be used due to atmospheric distortion caused by heat, moisture,

and paniculate matter suspended in the air. Accessories are

available both to increase and decrease the operating eyepiece

power of the telescope. See your Meade dealer and the latest

Meade Catalog for information on accessories.

The magnification (power) of the telescope depends on two

characteristics: the focal length of the main telescope and the

focal length of the eyepiece used during a particular observation.

For example, the focal length of the LX200 7" f/15 telescope is

fixed at 2670mm; the focal length of the 8" f/10 telescope is fixed

at 2000mm; the focal length of the 10" f/10 telescope is fixed at

2500mm; and the focal length of the 12" f/10 telescope is fixed at

3048mm. To calculate the power in use with a particular eyepiece,

divide the focal length of the eyepiece into the focal length of the

main telescope.

Example: The power obtained with the 8" LX200 with the SP

26mm eyepiece is:

The type of eyepiece (whether MA "Modified Achromatic," PL

"Plossl," SP "Super Plossl," etc.) has no bearing on magnifying

power but does affect such optical characteristics as field of view,

flatness of field and color correction.

2. Apparent Field and Actual Field

Two terms that are often confused and misunderstood are

"Apparent Field" and "Actual Field." "Apparent Field" is a function

of the eyepiece design and is built into the eyepiece. While not

totally accurate (but a very good approximation), "Apparent Field"

is usually thought of as the angle your eye sees when looking

through an eyepiece. "Actual Field" is the amount of the sky that

you actually see and is a function of the eyepiece being used and

the telescope.

The maximum practical magnification is determined by the nature

of the object being observed and, most importantly, by the

prevailing atmospheric conditions. Under very steady atmospheric

"seeing," the 7" LX200 may be used at powers up to about 450X

on astronomical objects, the 8" LX200 may be used at powers up

to about 500X, the 10" LX200 up to about 600X, and the 12"

LX200 up to about 750X. Generally, however, lower powers of

perhaps 250X to 350X will be the maximum permissible,

consistent with high image resolution. When unsteady air

conditions prevail (as witnessed by rapid "twinkling" of the stars),

extremely high-power eyepieces result in "empty magnification,"

where the object detail observed is actually diminished by the

excessive power.

The "Actual Field" of

telescope with

given eyepiece is

calculated by dividing the "Apparent Field" of the eyepiece by the

power obtained using that eyepiece.

The table below lists the most common eyepieces available and

the "Apparent Field" for each. The power and "Actual Field" of

view that each eyepiece yields is listed for each basic telescope

optical design.

When beginning observations on a particular object, start with a

low power eyepiece; get the object well-centered in the field of

view and sharply focused; then try the next step up in

magnification. If the image starts to become fuzzy as you work into

higher magnifications, then back down to a lower power — the

atmospheric steadiness is not sufficient to support high powers at

the time you are observing. Keep in mind that a

7" f/15

Eyepiece/Apparent Field

8"f/6.3

Power/Actual Field

10"f/6.3

Power/Actual Field

8" f/10

Power/Actual Field

10" f/10

Power/Actual Field

12" f/10

Power/Actual Field

Super Plossl Eyepieces (5-elements

; 1.25" O.D., except as noted)

6.4mm/52°

9.7mm/52°

12.4mm/52°

15mm/52°

417/0.12°

275/0.19°

215/0.24°

178/0.29°

134/0.39°

103/0.50°

83/0.63°

67/0.66°

48/1 .08°

200/0.26°

132/0.39°

103/0.50°

85/0.61°

64/0.81°

49/1 .06°

40/1 .30°

32/1 .69°

23/2.27°

250/0.21° 313/0.17°

391/0.13°

258/0.20°

202/0.26°

167/0.31°

125/0.42°

96/0.54°

78/0.67°

63/0.70°

45/1.16°

476/0.11°

314/0.17°

246/0.21°

203/0.26°

152/0.34°

117/0.44°

95/0.55°

76/0.53°

54/1 .04°

165/0.32° 206/0.25°

129/0.40° 161/0.32°

107/0.49° 133/0.39°

80/0.65° 100/0.52°

62/0.84° 77/0.68°

20mm/52°

26mm/52°

32mm/52°

50/1 .04°

40/1 .35°

29/1 .82°

63/0.83°

50/0.88°

36/1 .46°

40mm/44°

56mm/52° (2" O.D.)

Eyepieces (6-elements; 1.25" O.D

Super Wide Angle

13.8mm/67°

., except as noted)

193/0.35°

148/0.45°

109/0.61°

83/0.81°

93/0.72°

71/0.94°

52/1 .28°

40/1 .67°

116/0.58° 145/0.46°

181/0.37°

139/0.48°

102/0.66°

78/0.86°

221/0.30°

169/0.40°

124/0.54°

95/0.71°

1 8mm/67°

89/0.75°

65/103°

50/1 .34°

111/0.60°

82/0.82°

63/1 .07°

24.5mm/67°

32mm/67° (2" O.D.)

40mm/67° (2" O.D.)

67/1 .00°

32/2.09°

40/1 .67°

50/1 .34°

63/1 .07°

76/0.88°

Ultra Wide Angle Eyepieces (8-elements; 1.25" O.D.,

except as noted)

4.7mm/84°

568/0.15°

399/0.21°

272/0.31°

191/0.44°

145/0.58°

340/0.25° 426/0.20°

239/0.35° 299/0.28°

182/0.46° 227/0.37°

532/0.16°

373/0.23°

284/0.30°

649/0.13°

455/0.18°

346/0.24°

6.7mm/84°

8.8mm/84° (1.25" -2'

O.D.) 303/0.28°

14mm/84° (1.25" -2"

O.D.) 199/0.44° 91/0.92°

114/0.73° 143/0.59°

1 79/0.47°

218/0.39°

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2 5

APPENDIX A: EQUATORIAL WEDGE

There are two equatorial wedges used on Meade LX200

telescopes. Please read the section, below, that applies to your

telescope.

1. 8" Equatorial Wedge (For 7" and 8" LX200)

The equatorial wedge permits use of the 8" LX200 telescope in an

astronomical, or "equatorial," mode. The wedge fits onto the field

tripod, described below, and accepts the base of the 7" or 8"

LX200 fork mount (Fig. 8).

NOTE: The Meade equatorial wedge is designed solely for use in

conjunction with the Meade field tripod. The wedge should

never be used without the field tripod (e.g., by placing the

wedge alone on a table top and then mounting the telescope on

the wedge). The 7" or 8" LX200, placed onto the equatorial

wedge alone without the field tripod attached to the wedge may

become seriously imbalanced, to the point where the telescope

may actually tip over.

a. Azimuth Control

The azimuth control(Fig. 9) for the Meade equatorial wedge and

field tripod is shipped in a plastic bag and includes the following

parts:

•

Azimuth base (large U shaped piece of aluminum)

Azimuth arm (small T shaped piece of aluminum)

2 - Azimuth knobs

2 - 8-32 x 1/2" flat-head machine screws

2 - 8-32 x 1" round-head machine screws

To attach the azimuth control to your wedge and tripod, follow

these steps:

Remove the 4 set screws from the wedge and field tripod

(which plug the attachment holes) using a screwdriver.

Attach the azimuth arm to the equatorial wedge using the 2

ea. 8-32 x 1/2" flat-head machine screws.

Attach the azimuth base to the field tripod using the 2 ea. 8-32

x 1" round-head machine screws.

Thread the two azimuth adjustment knobs into the azimuth

base, until they just touch the azimuth arm.

The azimuth control is now ready to use. To adjust in azimuth,

loosen the 3" central wedge knob. Rotate the wedge by using the

two azimuth knobs in a push-pull manner. After positioning the

wedge, tighten the central wedge knob.

The equatorial wedge for the 7" and 8" LX200 telescope is of

modern design, with several important features incorporated to

simplify and facilitate telescope operation. After using the wedge,

you will find that the functional design features included are of very

significant value in routine telescope operations. Features included

are:

b. Deluxe Latitude Adjuster

The deluxe latitude adjuster (DLA) attaches directly to the

equatorial wedge and permits very precise adjustments in latitude

angle by the simple turning of one knob.

•

Attachment of the wedge to the field tripod by means of only

one manual knob.

The equatorial wedge for Meade 7" or 8" Schmidt-Cassegrain

telescope is shipped with the main crossbar of the DLA already

installed. Loosen the two socket-head screws that lock the main

crossbar in place, to allow the crossbar to rotate slightly if needed.

Thread the long adjustment knob (3, Fig. 14) into the main

crossbar and position the end of the adjustment knob into the

cavity on the underside of the equatorial wedge tilt-plate. Tighten

the two socket-head screws locking the main crossbar into place.

•

Quick azimuth adjustment by loosening the manual knob as

described above.

•

Bubble level for rapid tripod/wedge leveling.

Etched latitude scale for fast adjustment of the latitude angle.

To assemble the equatorial wedge, follow this procedure (note

that all required wedge hardware and manual knobs are shipped

within the wedge carton);

The DLA is now ready to use. To make fine latitude adjustments,

follow this procedure:

The wedge consists of two basic parts: the tilt plate and

wedge body (1 and 4, Fig. 8). Attach the tilt-plate to the

wedge body by threading in the four knobs provided. Two

knobs, with washers, should be used on each side of the

wedge body so that a total of 4 knobs attach the tilt plate to

the wedge body.

Slightly loosen the knobs (5, Fig. 8), on each side of the wedge.

Turn the DLA's adjustment knob (pressing against the

bottom of the tilt-plate), so that the tilt-plate moves in latitude

angle.

Place the wedge onto the field tripod with the central threaded

rod of the tripod fitting through the center hole in the floor of

the wedge. Thread the 2-1/2" diameter manual knob onto the

threaded rod of the tripod and firmly tighten the manual knob.

Re-tighten the two knobs, which were loosened in step 1,

above.

NOTE: When installing the tilt-plate to the wedge, note that it is a

tight fit and the sides must generally spread slightly to accept

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the tilt-plate. If the main crossbar of the DLA is already

tightened into place this will inhibit your installation of the tilt-

plate. You will therefore see that by re/easing the screws on the

ends of the DLA crossbar your installation of the wedge tilt-

plate will be facilitated.

Holding the threaded rod in position, place the

Superwedge on top of the tripod head so that the threaded

stud extending from the tripod head passes through the

center hole on the wedge floor. Make sure the pin extending

from the bottom of the azimuth thrust bar is positioned in the

slot on the tangent arm (see Fig. 11 a., above).

2. SUPERWEDGE (For 10" and 12"LX200)

The Superwedge permits use of the 10" and 12" LX200 telescope

in an astronomical, or "equatorial," mode. The wedge fits onto the

field tripod, described below, and accepts the base of the 10" and

12" LX200 fork mount (Fig. 10).

Install the large hand knob/compass onto the threaded stud.

Pass the three 5M6-18 X 1-1/4" button head screws through

the clearance slots on the wedge floor and thread them into

the tripod head.

The lower tilt plate locking screws (3, Fig. 11) are installed in

the factory to allow the tilt plate to be adjusted for any latitude

greater than 25 degrees and less than 55 degrees. If viewing

in a region with a latitude greater than 55 degrees, move the

locking bolts to the lower mounting holes (4, Fig. 11).

NOTE: The Meade Superwedge is designed solely for use in

conjunction with the Meade field tripod. The Superwedge

should never be used without the field tripod (e.g., by placing

the Superwedge alone on a table top and then mounting the

telescope on the wedge). The 10" and 12" LX200, placed onto

the Superwedge alone without the field tripod attached to the

wedge may become seriously imbalanced, to the point where

the telescope may actually tip over.

3. Mounting the Telescope On the Wedge

With 7" or 8" LX200 telescopes, three knobs are supplied for

mounting the telescope's drive base to the tilt-plate of the

equatorial wedge. With the 10" and 12" LX200, three socket

screws are provided for this purpose.

The Superwedge for the 10" and 12" LX200 telescope is of

modern design, with several important features incorporated to

simplify and facilitate telescope operation. After using the

Superwedge for your telescope, you will find that the functional

design features included are of very significant value in routine

telescope operations. Some of these features include:

•

Attachment of the Superwedge to the field tripod by means of

only one manual knob. (For photographic applications with

the telescope where extreme steadiness is required, 3

additional hex-head screws are provided).

•

Quick azimuth adjustment by loosening the manual knob as

described above.

•

Bubble level for rapid tripod/wedge leveling.

Etched latitude scale for fast adjustment of the latitude angle.

Built-in latitude adjustment control.

To assemble the Superwedge, follow this procedure (note that all

required wedge hardware and manual knobs are shipped within

the wedge carton):

Locate the two 8-32 nylon set screws on the rim of the tripod

head and remove them. Attach the tangent arm to the tripod

using the supplied 8-32 X 1/2" socket cap screws. (See Fig.

11 a., below.)

Push the field tripod threaded rod up so that the threaded rod

extends above the top of the tripod head.

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2 7

4. Magnetic Compass

The magnetic compass helps the observer to set-up the telescope

without actually seeing the pole star Polaris. This allows setting up

before dark or in locations where the view of Polaris is

obstructed. The magnetic compass has an adjustment to

compensate for the local angle of Magnetic Declination. Note:

Magnetic Declination is the difference between Magnetic North

(which the compass shows) and true north (where the telescope

should be pointed). Magnetic Declination should not be confused

with the astronomical term "Declination," which, when used with

"Right Ascension", describes the celestial coordinate system.

a. Setting Magnetic Declination

In order to obtain an accurate reading using the compass, you

must first adjust for the Magnetic Declination for your location.

1. First, determine the Magnetic Declination in your area using the

Isogonic Chart (Fig. 15)

Squeeze the clear central vial with thumb and index finger of

the left hand.

With the right hand, rotate the outer dial until the orienting

arrow (the black arrow painted on the inside clear surface) is

lined up with the desired Magnetic Declination angle on the

declination scale. Notice that East Magnetic Declination is

to the right of the "North" position and West Magnetic

Declination is left. As an example, Fig. 16 shows the correct

setting for 16 degrees West Declination, which covers

Providence, Rhode Island.

Thread one of these knobs (or screws, as appropriate) partially

into the hole on the underside of the drive base, located at the

curved-end of the drive base (4, Fig. 12). This knob or screw

should be threaded in about 3 full turns, not fully threaded into the

hole.

Check that the knobs or bolts at the side of the wedge (5, Fig. 8 or

5, Fig. 10), are firmly tightened before placing the telescope onto

the wedge.

Grasping the 2 fork arms of the telescope firmly, with the power

panel towards you, place the telescope onto the tilt plate of the

wedge by sliding the knob (7" and 8" LX200) or screw (10" and 12"

LX200) into the slot at the top of the curved-end of the wedge tilt-

plate.

b. Compass Installation

The Magnetic Compass is now set for the correct declination angle.

To attach to the equatorial wedge, follow these steps:

1. Snap the Magnetic Compass into the 3" diameter wedge

attachment knob (after setting the Magnetic Declination as

described above). Position the compass into the knob so that

the 360 degree location on the direction scale (the "North"

position) lines up with one of the nine points of the knobs.

(See Fig. 16.) Press the compass firmly into the knob.

Insert the 2 remaining knobs for the 7" and 8" LX200, or socket

screws for the 10" and 12" LX200, through the underside of the tilt

plate and into the underside of the drive base. Tighten down all 3

knobs or screws to a firm feel. Extreme force is not necessary in

this regard.

The telescope is now fully mounted onto the wedge and field

tripod. Adjustments in wedge latitude angle and/or azimuth

orientation may be made with the telescope in place. Further

details on telescope polar alignment see APPENDIX B, page 30.

Assemble the equatorial wedge onto the field tripod as

described in the Instruction Manual using the

knob/compass combination to attach the wedge to the

tripod.

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Rotate the knob/compass so that the magnetic pointing arrow

lies directly over the painted black alignment arrow (painted

on the bottom surface of the compass, Fig. 18). The "North"

position on the direction scale (and the point on the

c. Finding True North

The Magnetic Compass is now ready to use. Just follow these

simple steps for a quick and easy azimuth alignment:

1. Loosen the knob/compass slightly. This allows for rotation of

the equatorial wedge under the knob/compass (Fig. 17).

The magnetic pointing arrow will point to magnetic north.

knob/compass) now point directly north.

Rotate the equatorial wedge in azimuth (without moving the

knob/compass) until the centerline of the wedge lines up with

the point of the knob/compass (Fig. 19). The centerline of the

equatorial wedge now falls directly on the true north line.

4. Tighten the knob/compass, locking the equatorial wedge into

place.

The field tripod and equatorial wedge are now pointed directly

toward celestial north, without ever having seen the North Star.

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2 9

APPENDIX B: EQUATORIAL USE

1. Celestial Coordinates

effect, to read the object coordinates and the object found without

resorting to visual location techniques. However, these setting

circles may be used to advantage only if the telescope is first

properly aligned with the North Celestial Pole.

Celestial objects are mapped according to a coordinate system on

the Celestial Sphere, an imaginary sphere surrounding Earth on

which all stars appear to be placed. This celestial object mapping

system is analogous to the Earth-based coordinate system of

latitude and longitude. The poles of the celestial coordinate

system are defined as those two points where the Earth's

rotational axis, if extended to infinity, north and south, intersect the

celestial sphere. Thus, the North Celestial Pole (1, Fig. 20) is that

point in the sky where an extension of the Earth's axis through the

North Pole intersects the celestial sphere. This point in the sky is

located near the North Star, Polaris.

2. Lining Up with the Celestial Pole

Objects in the sky appear to revolve around the celestial pole.

(Actually, celestial objects are essentially "fixed," and their

apparent motion is caused by the Earth's axial rotation). During

any 24 hour period, stars make one complete revolution about the

pole, making concentric circles with the pole at the center. By lining

up the telescope's polar axis with the North Celestial Pole (or for

observers located in Earth's Southern Hemisphere with the South

Celestial Pole (see MODE FUNCTIONS, page 16) astronomical

objects may be followed, or tracked, simply by moving the

telescope about one axis, the polar axis. In the case of the Meade

LX200 7", 8", 10", and 12" Schmidt-Cassegrain telescopes, this

tracking may be accomplished automatically with the electric

motor drive.

In mapping the surface of the Earth, lines of longitude are drawn

between the North and South Poles. Similarly, lines of latitude are

drawn in an east-west direction, parallel to the Earth's Equator.

The Celestial Equator (2, Fig. 20) is a projection of the Earth's

Equator onto the celestial sphere.

If the telescope is reasonably well aligned with the pole, therefore,

very little use of the telescope's Declination slow motion control is

necessary—virtually all of the required telescope tracking will be

in Right Ascension. (If the telescope were perfectly aligned with

the pole, no Declination tracking of stellar objects would be

required). For the purposes of casual visual telescopic

observations, lining up the telescope's polar axis to within a

degree or two of the pole is more than sufficient: with this level of

pointing accuracy, the telescope's motor drive will track accurately

and keep objects in the telescopic field of view for perhaps 20 to

30 minutes.

Just as on the surface of the Earth, in mapping the celestial

sphere, imaginary lines have been drawn to form a coordinate

grid. Thus, object positions on the Earth's surface are specified by

their latitude and longitude. For example, you could locate Los

Angeles, California, by its latitude (+34°) and longitude (118°);

similarly, you could locate the constellation Ursa Major (which

includes the Big Dipper) by its general position on the celestial

sphere:

R.A.: 11 hr; Dec: +50°.

•

Right Ascension: The celestial analog to Earth longitude is

called "Right Ascension," or "R.A.," and is measured in time

on the 24 hour "clock" and shown in hours ("hr"), minutes

("min") and seconds ("sec") from an arbitrarily defined "zero"

line of Right Ascension passing through the constellation

Pegasus. Right Ascension coordinates range from Ohr Omin

Osec to 23hr 59min 59sec. Thus there are 24 primary lines of

R.A., located at 15 degree intervals along the celestial

equator. Objects located further and further east of the prime

Right Ascension grid line (Ohr Omin Osec) carry increasing

R.A. coordinates.

Begin polar aligning the telescope as soon as you can see Polaris.

Finding Polaris is simple. Most people recognize the "Big Dipper."

The Big Dipper has two stars that point the way to Polaris (see

Fig. 21). Once Polaris is found, it is a straightforward procedure

to obtain a rough polar alignment.

•

Declination: The celestial analog to Earth latitude is called

Declination, or "Dec", and is measured in degrees, minutes

and seconds (e.g., 15° 27' 33"). Declination shown as north

of the celestial equator is indicated with a "+" sign in front of

the measurement (e.g., the Declination of the North Celestial

Pole is +90°), with Declination south of the celestial equator

indicated with a "-" sign (e.g., the Declination of the South

Celestial Pole is -90°). Any point on the celestial equator itself

(which, for example, passes through the constellations Orion,

Virgo and Aquarius) is specified as having a Dec of zero,

shown as 0° 0' 0".

To line up the 7", 8", 10" or 12" LX200 with the Pole, follow this

procedure:

Using the bubble level located on the floor of the wedge,

adjust the tripod legs so that the telescope/ wedge/tripod

system reads "level."

With all celestial objects therefore capable of being specified in

position by their celestial coordinates of Right Ascension and

Declination, the task of finding objects (in particular, faint objects)

is vastly simplified. The setting circles, R.A (10, Fig. 1) and Dec.

(3, Fig. 1) of the LX200 telescope may be dialed, in

Set the equatorial wedge to your observing latitude as

described in Appendix A.

Loosen the Dec. lock, and rotate the telescope tube in

Declination so that the telescope's Declination reads 90°.

Tighten the Dec. lock. Loosen the R.A. lock, and rotate the

Fork Arms to the 00 H.A. position (see MODE FUNCTIONS,

page 16) and initiate the POLAR align sequence on the

keypad.

Using the azimuth and latitude controls on the wedge, center

Polaris in the field of view. Do not use the telescope's

Declination or Right Ascension controls during this process.

At this point, your polar alignment is good enough for casual

observations. There are times, however, when you will need to

have precise polar alignment, such as when making fine

astrophotographs or when using the setting circles to find new

objects.

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3 0

should be located within ±30 minutes in R.A. of the meridian and

within ±5° of the celestial equator. (Pointing the telescope at

a star that is straight up, with the Declination set to 0°, will

point the telescope in the right direction.)

As an aside procedure, during your first use of the telescope, you

should check the calibration of the Declination setting circle (3,

Fig. 1), located at the top of each side of the fork. After

performing the polar alignment procedure, center the star

Polaris in the telescope field. Remove the knurled central hub of

the Declination setting circle and slightly loosen the two bolts

located under the knob. Now turn the circle unit until it reads

89.2°, the Declination of Polaris, and then tighten down the two

bolts and replace the knurled knob. Also realize, should you wish

to use the manual setting circles, that the R.A. setting circle (10,

Fig. 1) must be calibrated on the Right Ascension of a star (see

APPENDIX C, page 31) manually every time the telescope is set

up. The R.A. setting circle has two sets of numbers, the inner set

is for Southern hemisphere use, while the other is for Northern

hemisphere use.

Note the extent of the star's drift in Declination (disregard

drift in Right Ascension):

a. If the star drifts South (or down), the telescope's polar

axis is pointing too far East (Fig. 22).

b. If the star drifts North (or up), the telescope's polar axis is

pointing too far West (Fig. 23).

Move the wedge in azimuth (horizontally) to effect the

appropriate change in polar alignment. Reposition the

telescope's East-West polar axis orientation until there is no

further North-South drift by the star. Track the star for

period of time to be certain that its Declination drift has

ceased. (Please note that Figs. 22, 23, 24, and 25 show the

telescope pointed in the 90 degree position, and not the 0

degree position that is required for "Drift" method alignment.

This is done to illustrate the position of the pole star relative

to the polar axis of the telescope.)

Once the latitude angle of the wedge has been fixed and locked-in

according to the above procedure, it is not necessary to repeat this

operation each time the telescope is used, unless you move a

considerable distance North or South from your original observing

position. (Approximately 70 miles movement in North-South

observing position is equivalent to 1° in latitude change). The

wedge may be detached from the field tripod and, as long as the

latitude angle setting is not altered and the field tripod is leveled, it

will retain the correct latitude setting when replaced on the tripod.

Next, point the telescope at another moderately bright star

near the Eastern horizon, but still near the celestial equator.

For best results, the star should be about 20° or 30° above

the Eastern horizon and within ± 5° of the celestial equator.

3. Precise Polar Alignment

Again note the extent of the star's drift in Declination:

It should be emphasized that precise alignment of the

telescope's polar axis to the celestial pole for casual visual

observations is not necessary. Don't allow a time-consuming

effort at lining up with the pole to interfere with your basic

enjoyment of the telescope. For long-exposure photography,

however, the ground rules are quite different, and precise polar

alignment is not only advisable, but almost essential.

a. If the star drifts South, (or down) the telescope's polar

axis is pointing too low (Fig. 24).

b. If the star drifts North, (or up) the telescope's polar axis

is pointing too high (Fig. 25).

Use the latitude angle fine-adjust control on the wedge to

effect the appropriate change in latitude angle, based on

your observations above. Again, track the star for a period of

time to be certain that Declination drift has ceased.

Notwithstanding the precision and sophistication of the drive

system supplied with the Meade LX200 telescopes, the fewer

tracking corrections required during the course of a long-exposure

photograph, the better. (For our purposes, "long-exposure" means

any photograph of about 10 minutes duration or longer). In

particular, the number of Declination corrections required is a

direct function of the precision of polar alignment.

The above procedure results in very accurate polar alignment,

and minimizes the need for tracking corrections during

astrophotography.

Precise polar alignment requires the use of a crosshair eyepiece.

The Meade Illuminated Reticle Eyepiece is well-suited in this

application, but you will want to increase the effective

magnification through the use of a 2X or 3X Barlow lens. Then

either follow Refined Polar Alignment (page 17) or follow this

procedure, sometimes better known as the "Drift" method

(particularly if the pole star is not visible):

Obtain a rough polar alignment as described earlier. Place

the illuminated reticle eyepiece (or eyepiece/Barlow

combination) into the eyepiece holder of the telescope.

b. Point the telescope, with the motor drive running, at a

moderately bright star near where the meridian (the North-

South line passing through your local zenith) and the celestial

equator intersect. For best results, the star

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APPENDIX C: LX200

ALIGNMENTSTAR LIBRARY

AND STAR CHARTS:

1. Alignment Stars

The LX200 utilizes 33 bright and well known stars to calibrate the

telescope's Object Library in the ALTAZ and POLAR alignments.

These stars were selected to allow observers from anywhere in

the world on any given night, to be able to easily and quickly make

precision alignments. The LX200 Alignment Star Library and Star

Charts are below for your reference:

LX200 ALIGNMENT STAR LIBRARY

MAGNITUDE

0.5

CONSTELL

R/A

DEC.

STAR NAME

ACHERNAR

STAR*

-57 14

ERIDANUS

01 37.7

ACRUXA

ALBIREO

ALKAID

121

223

140

1.3

3.1

1.9

0.9

1.7

2.0

2.2

0.8

0.9

0.0

0.4

2.6

-0.7

0.1

1.9

1.3

2.1

2.0

2.4

1.2

0.6

2.0

2.5

2.1

2.0

1.1

0.4

1.4

0.1

-1.5

1.0

0.0

CRUX

1226.6

1930.8

1347.6

04 35.9

05 36.2

09 27.6

1535.5

1950.8

1629.5

14 15.7

05 55.2

05 59.8

06 24.0

05 16.6

07 34.6

2041.5

11 49.1

00 43.6

21 44.2

22 57.7

1403.9

02 07.2

23 04.8

02 19.4

02 14.7

07 45.4

07 39.3

1008.5

05 14.6

06 45.2

1325.2

1837.0

-6306

+2758

+49 19

+1631

-01 12

-0839

+2643

+0852

-2626

+19 11

+0725

+3713

-5242

+4600

+31 53

CYGNUS

URSA MAJOR

TAURUS

ORION

ALDEBARAN

ALNILAM

ALPHARD

ALPHEKKA

ALTAI R

HYDRA

165

226

177

147

CORONA BOR.

AQUILA

SCORPIUS

BOOTES

ORION

ANTARES

ARCTURUS

BETELGUESE

BOGARDUS

CANOPUS

CAPELLA

CASTOR A

DENEB

AURIGA

CARINA

AURIGA

GEMINI

232

114

CYGNUS

LEO

+45 17

+1434

-1759

+0953

-2938

-6024

+2328

+15 12

-0258

+8917

+2802

+05 14

+11 58

DENEBOLA

DIPHDA

CETUS

238

247

144

ENIF

PEGASUS

PISCES AUST.

CENTAURUS

ARIES

FOMALHAUT

HADAR

HAMAL

249

MARKAB

MIRA

PEGASUS

CETUS

POLARIS

POLLUX

URSA MINOR

GEMINI

PROCYON

REGULUS

RIGEL

CANIS MINOR

LEO

100

ORION

-0812

-1643

-11 10

+3847

SIRIUS

CANIS MAJOR

VIRGO

138

214

SPICA

VEGA

LYRA

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3 2

2. Star Charts

(for Northern Hemisphere Observers)

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3 3

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3 4

APPENDIX D: LX200 64,359-

OBJECT LIBRARY

The following guide to VQs was used in the visual observation

process:

1. The LX200 64,359-Object Library

The LX200 64,359-Object Library is a collection of the most

studied and fantastic objects in the sky. It includes:

•

15,928 SAO (Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory)

Catalog of Stars: All stars brighter than 7th magnitude.

12,921 UGC (Uppsala General Catalog) Galaxies:

Complete catalog.

7,840 NGC (New General Catalog) objects: Complete

Catalog.

•

5,386 1C (Index Catalog) objects: Complete catalog.

21,815 GCVS (General Catalog of Variable Stars) objects:

Complete catalog.

•

351 Alignment Stars: LX200 alignment stars.

110 M (Messier) objects: Complete catalog.

8 major planets from Mercury to Pluto.

This appendix has three object listings in sections 2, 3, and 4.

Section 2 (page 36) is a partial list of 278 of the best NGC objects.

These are most of the best objects in the sky, and as such, make

good first targets. Section 3 (page 43) is a list of the 250 brightest

stars and 100 double stars. The complete Messier list is shown in

Section 4 (page 49).

The above databases are accessed through the M, STAR, and

CNGC keys. The M key accesses the M object database only; the

STAR key the SAO, STAR, GCVS, and planet databases; and the

CNGC key the UGC, NGC, and 1C databases.

When the STAR or CNGC key is pressed, the display will show

which database is currently active. At this point you can enter the

object number for that database, or hit ENTER to bring up the

menu to change databases. The LX200 will remember which

database was last used.

All, or very nearly all, of the objects in the CNGC are visible with

standard instrumentation and observing conditions used to obtain

the visual quality ratings. It is a good indication of what to expect

with similar equipment by experienced deep-sky observers in

excellent conditions. Naturally smaller telescopes and/or less

optimal observing conditions will lower the apparent quality of all

objects.

a. SAO Catalog

The standard Star catalog used in astronomy, this catalog

includes all stars brighter than 7th magnitude.

b. UGC Catalog

This catalog of galaxies includes objects as faint as 15th

magnitude.

The following is a description of the format of the optional CNGC

listing for each object:

COLUMN

NAME

DESCRIPTION

c. CNGC Catalog

The CNGC is enhanced from the RNGC in many ways. Angular

sizes are given in arc-seconds on the CNGC listing, and in a

convenient scaled format on the LX200 display. Magnitudes are

given to 0.1 magnitude where possible.

CNGC#

CNGC 0001 - CNGC 7840

Right Ascension

DEC

SIZE

Declination

The coordinates in the CNGC listing are listed for the year 2000.

The LX200 calculates object positions upon power up to the

current date (as shown on the time/date display). This makes the

LX200 pointing more accurate.

Size of object (arc-seconds)

MAG

Magnitude (-5.5 through 19.9)

Type of object

TYPE

* object is not in the RNGC

Alternate catalog name & number

Objects have been assigned a "Visual Quality Rating" (VQ). A

large number of VQs have been obtained by observing the objects.

To make the VQs as useful as possible, all observations have

been made with the same telescope and eyepiece under

substantially identical observing conditions. Only for very small

objects was a higher power eyepiece used. Your "Visual Quality

ALT CAT

Visual Quality Rating (abcdefg ) or

(ABCDEFG)

TAGS

Object Type # (0-F): S = Sky-Cat : T =

Tirion

Rating" of

conditions.

particular object will vary, largely due to sky

COMMENTS Name, comments, other info

If the object has been rated by observation, an upper-case

character (ABCDEFG) is used for the VQ on the CNGC listing. If

the object has not been observed, the VQ has been estimated by a

computer program from the object type, size, and brightness and

the VQ is specified in lower-case characters (abcdefg). The VQs

for visually-rated objects are a considerably more consistent

guide to observability and appearance than either the computed

VQs or an examination of the type, magnitude, and size data.

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The following types are distinguished in the CNGC:

TYPE

LEGEND

DESCRIPTION

None

Unverified Southern Object

OPEN

Open Cluster

GLOB

Globular Cluster

DNEB

Diffuse Nebula

PNEB

Planetary Nebula (or SN Remnant)

Galaxy

GAL

OPEN + DNEB

None

Open Cluster + Diffuse Nebula

Non-Existent Object

STAR

Star

MULTI+STAR

MULTI+GAL

DNEB

Multiple Star

Multiple Galaxy (Usually Interacting)

Dark Nebula in front of Diffuse Nebula

Open Cluster in External Galaxy

Globular Cluster in External Galaxy

Diffuse Nebula in External Galaxy

Open Cluster + Diffuse Nebula in Galaxy

Object is also listed in the Sky Catalogue 2000

Object is also listed in the Tirion Sky Atlas 2000

GAL+OPEN

GAL+GLOB

GAL+DNEB

GAL+OPEN+DNEB

g. M (Messier) Catalog

The M catalog has been the benchmark deep-sky catalog for

years. Recently expanded to 110 objects, the M (Messier) catalog

contains most of the best deep-sky objects.

d. 1C Catalog

This is the complete 1C catalog of a variety of objects that the

standard NGC catalog missed.

e. GCVS Catalog

This is a complete catalog of variable stars (shown at the bottom

h. Planet Catalog

The LX200 calculates the orbital positions of the eight major

planets for the current calendar date. To access a planet, use the

STAR key and enter the appropriate number as indicated below:

(NOTE: 903 is the Moon.)

of this page).

Variable stars from the GCVS are entered using a six digit

number. The first two digits, refer to the constellation where the

variable star is located and is listed in the table below. The next

four digits are assigned sequentially within each constellation

according to the standard sequence of variable-star designations

(R, S, ...).

OBJECT LIBRARY PLANET LEGEND

PLANET

STAR #

PLANET

STAR #

MERCURY

VENUS

901

902

904

905

SATURN

URANUS

NEPTUNE

PLUTO

906

907

908

909

Therefore, the first star in the constellation of Virgo would be

entered as: 860001.

f. Star Catalog

MARS

The STAR catalog contains the 250 brightest stars (STAR

JUPITER

through STAR 250), 100 interesting double stars (STAR 251

through STAR 350), plus Sigma Octantis, the southern pole star

(STAR 351).

Code

Const

Code

Const

Code

Const

LAC

Code

Const

AND

CIR

PSA

ANT

APS

AQR

AQL

ARA

ARI

AUR

BOO

CAE

CAM

CNC

CVN

CMA

CMI

CAP

CAR

CAS

CEN

CEP

GET

CHA

COL

COM

CRA

CRB

CRV

CRT

CRU

CYG

DEL

DOR

DRA

EQU

ERI

LEO

LMI

PUP

PYX

RET

SGE

SGR

SCO

SCL

SCT

SER

SEX

TAU

TEL

TRI

LEP

LIB

LUP

LYN

LYR

MEN

MIC

MON

MUS

NOR

OCT

OPH

ORI

;

FOR

GEM

GRU

HER

HOR

HYA

HYI

TRA

TUC

UMA

UMI

VEL

VI R

VOL

VUL

PAV

PEG

PER

PHE

PIC

IND

PSC

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2. CNGC Catalog

MAG TYPE & DESCRIPTION

10.4 GALAXY S- IV-V

ALT NAME

UGCA4

Q TAGS COMMON NAME/COMMENTS

SIZE

486

CNGC# RA

DEC

0045 00 14.0

-2310

C 5 S T

8.1x5.8

0055 00 15.1

0104 0024.1

-39 13

-7204

1944

1854

8.2

GALAXY SBm: PEC EMISSION

GLOB CLUS sp=G3

b5ST

B2ST

32.4x6.5

4.0v

47Tuc

47Tuc 16kly

0129 00 29.9

0134 00 30.4

+60 14

-33 15

1260

486

6.5v

10.1

OPEN CLUS

GALAXY S(B)b+

C 1 ST

C 5 S T

8.1x2.6

0188 00 44.3

+8521

840

8.1v

OPEN CLUS sp=F2

c1 ST

Oldest Open Cluster 5kly

0205 00 40.4

0221 00 42.8

0224 00 42.8

0225 00 43.5

+41 42

1044

456

10680

720

8.0

8.2

3.5

7.0

GALAXY E6:

GALAXY E2

GALAXY Sb l-ll

OPEN CLUS

UGC 426

UGC 452

UGC 454

C 5 S T

B 5 S T

c1 ST

M110 CompofM31 17.4x9.8

M32 Comp of M31 7.6x5.8

M31 Andromeda Gal 178x63

+4053

+41 17

+61 48

0247 0047.1

0253 00 47.5

-2044

-25 17

1200

1506

8.9

7.1

GALAXY S- IV

GALAXY Scp

UGCA11

UGCA13

b5ST

C 5 S T

20.0x7.4

25.1x7.4

0288 00 52.6

0300 00 55.0

0362 01 02.4

-2636

-3742

-7051

828

1200

774

8.1v

8.7

6.6v

GLOB CLUS

GALAXY Sd III-IV

b 2 S T

b5ST

b 2 S T

20.0x14.8

12.0x11.2

GLOB CLUS

0370 01 04.8

+0207

720

9.3

GALAXY lr+ V

*IC 1613

C5S

0411

01 07.9

-71 46

-71 32

+6043

+3040

750

360

3720

11.0

10.5

7.4v

5.7

GLOB CLUS IN SMC

OPEN CLUS

0458 01 14.9

0581 01 33.3

0598 01 33.9

D 1 ST

C 5 S T

CNGC 0581

UGC 1117

M103

GALAXY Sc ll-lll

M33 Triangulum Gal 62x39

0628 01 36.7

+1547

612

9.2

GALAXY Sc I

UGC 1149

D 5 S T

M74 10.2x9.5

0650 01 42.0

0651 01 42.0

0654 01 43.9

0660 01 43.0

+51 34

+61 53

+1338

290

300

546

12.2

6.5V

10.8

PLAN NEB PART OF 0651

PLAN NEB PART OF 0650

OPEN CLUS

CNGC 0650

C4ST

C 4 S T

c 1 ST

c5 S

M76 Little Dumbbell Nebula

Little Dumbbell Nebula

GALAXY SBap

UGC 1201

UGC 1913

9.1x4.1

0744 01 58.6

0752 01 57.8

+5529

+3741

660

7.9v

5.7v

OPEN CLUS

c 1 ST

3000

OPEN CLUS sp=A5

1200ly

0869 02 19.1

0884 02 22.5

0925 02 27.3

+5709

+5707

+3335

1800

588

4.3p

4.4p

10.0

OPEN CLUS sp=B1

OPEN CLUS sp=BO

GALAXY S(B)c ll-lll

A1 ST

C 5 S T

Double Cluster h Per 7kly

Double Cluster x Per 8kly

9.8x6.0

0956 02 32.4

+4438

480

8.9p

OPEN CLUS

c 1 S

0957 02 33.6

1023 02 40.5

+5731

+3904

660

522

7.6v

9.5

OPEN CLUS

GALAXY E7p

c 1 ST

C 5 S T

UGC 21 54

8.7x3.3

1025 02 39.9

1027 02 42.7

-3432

+61 33

1200

9.0p

6.7v

GALAXY dE3

OPEN CLUS

b5S

20.0x13.8

c1 ST

1039 02 42.0

+4247

2100

5.2v

OPEN CLUS

CNGC 1039

C 1 ST

M34

1068 02 42.7

1097 02 46.5

1112 0251.2

1232 03 09.7

-0001

-30 16

+6027

-2034

414

558

720

468

8.8

GALAXY Sbp SEYFERT

GALAXY S(B)b l-ll 2-SYS

OPEN CLUS + DNEB IV 3 p n

GALAXY Sc I 2-SYS

UGC 21 88

UGC A41

* 1C 1848

D 5 S T

C A S T

C6ST

CAST

M77 6.9x5.9 Seyfert Galaxy

9.3x6.6 2-SYS + E5

9.3

6.5v

9.9

7.8x6.9 2-SYS +SBm

1245 03 14.6

+47 14

600

8.4v

OPEN CLUS

c 1 ST

GLOB CLUS

1261

03 12.3

-55 14

-41 05

-6641

-37 14

414

630

510

426

8.4v

8.5

C 2 S T

b 5 S T

C5ST

C A S T

1291 0317.3

1313 03 10.0

1316 03 22.6

GALAXY SBa

10.5x9.1

9.4

8.9

GALAXY SBd

GALAXY S(B)Op 3-SYS

8.5x6.6

7.1x5.5 3-SYS

1342 0331.6

1360 03 33.4

+3720

-2551

840

390

6.7v

9.0p

OPEN CLUS

PLAN NEB

c 1 ST

C4ST

1365 03 33.7

1432 03 46.0

1444 03 49.4

-3608

+2409

+52 39

588

6600

240

9.5

3.4

6.6v

GALAXY SBb l-ll

OPEN CLUS + RNEB

OPEN CLUS

C5S

c6S

c1 ST

9.8x5.5

Pleiades M45 Blue Nebula

1454 03 46.7

1457 0347.1

+6807

+2407

1068

7200

9.1

1.6

GALAXY S(B)c l-ll

* 1C 342

b 5 S T

c6 ST

17.8x17.4 UGC 2847

M45 Pleiades 410ly

OPEN CLUS + RNEB sp=B6

* CNGC 1457

1502 04 07.4

1513 04 10.1

+62 19

+4931

480

540

5.7v

8.4v

OPEN CLUS

c 1 ST

1528 04 15.4

+51 15

1440

6.4v

OPEN CLUS

c 1 ST

1545 04 20.9

1582 04 32.2

+50 15

+4352

1080

2220

6.2v

7.0p

OPEN CLUS

c 1 ST

c 1 S

OPEN CLUS

1647 04 46.2

1662 04 48.5

1664 0451.0

+1905

+1056

+4342

2700

1200

1080

6.4v

7.6v

c1 ST

c 1 S

OPEN CLUS

c 1 ST

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3 7

CNGC Catalog (continued)

ALT NAME

CNGC# RA

SIZE

MAG TYPE & DESCRIPTION

DEC

+2349

Q TAGS COMMON NAME/COMMENTS

c1 ST

1746 05 03.6

2520

6.1p

OPEN CLUS

1763 04 56.8

1807 05 10.7

1817 05 12.1

1820 05 03.8

-6624

+1632

+1642

-67 17

1500

1020

960

8.3

OPEN CLUS + ENEB IN LMC

OPEN CLUS

BFS

01 ST

c1 ST

7.0v

7.7v

9.0

OPEN CLUS

OPEN CLUS IN LMC

410

1851

05 14.0

-4002

660

7.3v

GLOB CLUS sp=F7

b 2 S T

46kly X-Ray Source

1857 05 20.1

1893 05 22.7

1904 05 24.2

1912 05 28.7

+3921

+3324

-2431

+3551

360

660

522

1260

7.0v

7.5v

8.0v

6.4v

OPEN CLUS

OPEN CLUS + ENEB Hll

GLOB CLUS

c 1 ST

c 6 S T

D 2 S T

C 1 ST

CNGC 1904

CNGC 1912

M79

OPEN CLUS sp=B5

M38 4600ly

1952 05 34.5

+2201

360

8.4

PLAN NEB EMIS SN REM

CNGC 1952

CNGC 1960

B 4 S T

M1 Crab Nebula 4kly

M36

1960 05 36.2

1966 05 26.5

1975 05 35.4

1976 05 35.3

+3408

-6847

-0441

-0523

720

780

600

3960

6.0v

8.5

OPEN CLUS

OPEN CLUS + DNEB IN LMC

C 1 ST

bFS

8.8

3.9

DIFF RNEB

DIFF RNEB + ENEB

b 3 S T

A 3 S T

Blue

CNGC 1976

M42 Orion Nebula Blue+Red

1980 05 35.2

-05 55

840

2.5

OPEN CLUS + ENEB sp=O5

C6ST

Trapezium in M42 1300ly

1981

05 35.3

-0426

-05 16

-0643

-01 50

1500

1200

960

4.6v

5.8

OPEN CLUS

DIFF RNEB + ENEB

b 1 ST

C 3 S T

b3ST

1982 05 35.5

1999 05 36.5

2024 05 42.0

CNGC 1982

CNGC 2068

M43 Orion Nebula Extension

9.5

8.8

DIFF RNEB

DIFF ENEB Hll

1800

Red Near Zeta Ori

M78 Blue 1500ly

2068 05 46.8

+0003

480

11.3

DIFF RNEB

C 3 S T

2070 05 38.5

2074 05 39.0

2099 05 52.4

2129 0601.1

-6905

-6930

+3233

+2318

300

960

1440

420

8.3v

8.5

5.6v

6.7v

OPEN CLUS + ENEB IN LMC

OPEN CLUS sp=B8

B F S T

bFS

Tarantula Nebula Very Red

30 Dor Nebula (part)

M37 4200ly

CNGC 2099

CNGC 21 68

C 1 ST

c1 ST

OPEN CLUS

2168 06 08.9

+2421

1680

5.1v

OPEN CLUS sp=B5

C 1 ST

M35 2800ly

2169 06 08.4

2175 06 09.8

2194 06 13.8

2204 06 15.7

+1358

+20 19

+1249

-1839

420

1080

600

780

5.9v

6.8v

8.5v

8.6v

OPEN CLUS

OPEN CLUS + ENEB

OPEN CLUS

c1 ST

C 6 S T

c 1 ST

c1 ST

Red Faint/Low Contrast

OPEN CLUS

2215 06 20.8

2232 06 26.8

-07 17

-0444

660

8.4v

3.9v

OPEN CLUS

c1 ST

b 1 S

1800

OPEN CLUS

OPEN CLUS + ENEB sp=O5

sp=B1

1600ly

2237 06 30.3

2244 06 32.3

+0503

+0452

4800

1440

7.4

4.8v

+ ENEB

C 6 S T

b 6 S T

Cluster in Rosette Nebula

Rosette Nebula 5300ly

2250 06 32.8

2251 06 34.8

2252 06 35.0

-0502

+0822

+0523

480

600

1200

8.9p

7.3v

7.7p

OPEN CLUS

c 1 S

c1 ST

c 1 S

OPEN CLUS

2264 0641.2

2281 06 49.4

2286 06 47.7

+0953

+41 04

-0310

1200

900

3.9v

5.4v

7.5v

OPEN CLUS + ENEB sp=O8

OPEN CLUS

b6ST

c1 ST

S Mon + Cone Nebula 2400ly

2287 0647.1

-2045

2280

4.5v

OPEN CLUS sp=B4

CNGC 2287

CNGC 2323

C 1 ST

M41 2200ly

M50

2301 0651.8

2323 07 02.9

2324 07 04.2

2331 07 07.3

+0028

-0820

+01 04

+2721

720

960

480

1080

6.0v

5.9v

8.4v

8.5p

OPEN CLUS

c1 ST

D 1 ST

c 1 ST

c 1 S

2335 07 06.6

-1005

720

7.2v

OPEN CLUS

c 1 ST

2343 07 08.3

2345 07 08.4

2353 07 14.7

2354 07 14.2

-1040

-13 10

-1017

-2543

420

720

6.7v

7.7v

7.1v

6.5v

OPEN CLUS

c 1 S

c 1 ST

c1 ST

1200

2360 07 17.7

-1538

-2458

780

480

7.2v

4.1v

OPEN CLUS

c1 ST

2362 07 18.7

OPEN CLUS + ENEB sp=O9

C6ST

Open Clus = 20' Very Red

2374 07 24.1

2395 07 27.1

2396 07 28.2

-1315

+1335

-11 44

1140

720

600

8.0v

7.4p

OPEN CLUS

c1 ST

c 1 ST

c1 S

2403 07 36.9

+6536

1068

8.4

GALAXY Sc

III

UGC3918

b5ST

17.8x11.0

2420 07 38.4

2421 07 36.3

2422 07 36.6

2423 07 37.2

+21 34

-2037

-1429

-1352

600

8.3v

4.4v

6.7v

OPEN CLUS

c 1 ST

c1 ST

D 1 ST

c1 ST

1800

1140

OPEN CLUS sp=B3

OPEN CLUS

CNGC 2422

M47 1600ly

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3 8

CNGC Catalog (continued)

SIZE

1620

ALT NAME

CNGC# RA

MAG TYPE & DESCRIPTION

DEC

Q TAGS COMMON NAME/COMMENTS

2437 0741.9

-1449

6.1v

OPEN CLUS sp=B8

CNGC 2437

C 1 ST

M46 5400ly (+CNGC 2438 PN)

2447 07 44.6

-2352

-3758

1320

2700

6.2v

2.8v

OPEN CLUS + DNEB

OPEN CLUS sp=B5

CNGC 2447

D 6 S T

C 1 ST

M93 Includes dark nebula

1 0OOly

2451

07 45.4

2467 07 52.5

2477 07 52.3

-2624

-3833

480

1620

7.2p

5.8v

OPEN CLUS + ENEB

OPEN CLUS

C 6 S T

C 1 ST

Open Cluster + Red Nebula

2516 07 58.2

-6052

1800

3.8v

OPEN CLUS sp=B8

C 1 ST

1200ly

M48

2547 08 10.7

2548 08 13.7

-49 16

-0547

-5304

1200

3240

3000

4.7v

5.8v

2.5v

OPEN CLUS

C 1 ST

D 1 ST

C 1 ST

CNGC 2548

* 1C 2391

2631

08 40.2

OPEN CLUS II 3 p

2632 0840.1

2682 0851.1

2808 09 11.9

+1959

5700

3.1v

OPEN CLUS sp=AO

CNGC 2632

C 1 ST

M44 Praesepe/Beehive 590ly

M67 Very old 2700ly

+11 49

1800

6.9v

OPEN CLUS sp=F2

CNGC 2682

D 1 ST

-6451

+5058

+21 30

-31 12

828

486

756

486

6.3v

9.3

8.9

GLOB CLUS sp=F8

GALAXY Sb- I

GALAXY Sb+l-ll

C2ST

C 5 S T

b5 ST

SOkly

2841

09 22.1

UGC 4966

UGC 5079

UGCA181

8.1x3.8

12.6x6.6

8.1x6.5

2903 09 32.1

2997 09 45.7

10.6

GALAXY Sc I

C 5 S T

3031

09 55.7

+6904

+6941

1542

672

6.9

8.4

GALAXY Sb l-ll

CNGC 3031

C 5 S T

M81 25.7x14.1 NearM82

M82 11.2x4.6 Exploding

3034 09 55.9

GALAXY P EDGE-ON

UGC 5322

UGCA194

3109 1003.1

3114 1002.7

-26 10

-6008

870

2100

10.4

4.2v

GALAXY lr+ IV-V

OPEN CLUS sp=B5

C 5 S T

b 1 ST

14.5x3.5

2800ly

3115 1005.3

-0743

498

9.2

GALAXY E6

c 5 S T

8.3x3.2

3157 1008.4

3198 1020.0

+12 18

642

9.9v

GALAXY dE3

* UGC 5470

UGC 72

c5S

10.7x8.3

8.3x3.7

+4533

-4624

-51 43

-5738

498

10.4

6.8v

6.0v

4.3v

GALAXY Sc II

GLOB CLUS

C 5 S T

b 2 S T

c1 ST

3201

10 17.5

3228 1021.7

1027.4

1092

1080

480

OPEN CLUSTER

OPEN CLUS + DNEB I 3 m n

3231

* 1C 2581

* 1C 2574

C 6 S T

3234 1028.5

3242 1024.8

+6826

-1838

738

10.6

8.6p

GALAXY S+ IV-V

PLAN NEB

c 5 ST

12.3x5.9 UGC 5666

Ghost of Jupiter

1250

C 4 S T

3293 1035.9

3324 1037.5

-58 14

-5838

360

4.7v

6.7v

OPEN CLUS + ENEB

DIFF ENEB + RNEB + OPEN

C 6 S T

c6 ST

9kly

3328 1043.2

-6424

3000

1.9v

OPEN CLUS II 3 m

* 1C 2602

UGC 5850

UGC 5882

b 1 ST

3351 1043.9

+11 42

444

9.7

GALAXY S(B)b II

C 5 S T

M95 7.4x5.1 NearM96

3368 1046.7

3372 1045.1

+11 49

426

9.2

5.3

GALAXY Sbp

C 5 S T

A 6 S T

M96 7.1x5.1 Near M95

Eta Carina Nebula Red 9kly

M105 4.5x4.0

-5941

7200

DIFF ENEB + OPEN CLUS Hll

3379 1047.8

3496 1059.8

+1235

-6020

270

540

9.3

8.2v

GALAXY E1 2-SYS

OPEN CLUS

UGC 5902

UGC 61 50

UGC 6225

C A S T

c 1 S

3521

11 05.9

-0002

-5840

570

8.9

GALAXY Sb+ II

b 5 S T

b 1 ST

9.5x5.0

3532 11 06.5

3300

3.0v

OPEN CLUS sp=B8

1400ly

3556 11 11.6

3572 11 10.5

+5541

-60 14

498

420

10.1

6.6v

GALAXY Sc NEAR EDGE-ON

OPEN CLUS + ENEB

C 5 S T

C 6 S T

M108 8.3x2.5 Near M97

3587 11 14.8

+5502

194

12.0p

PLAN NEB

CNGC 3587

* 1C 271 4

C 4 S T

M97 Owl Nebula 12kly

3604 11 17.9

-6242

720

8.2p

OPEN CLUS II 3m

c 1 ST

3621

11 18.3

-3249

+1305

+1259

+1335

600

522

888

9.9

9.3

9.0

9.5

GALAXY Sc III-IV

GALAXY Sb II:

UGC A232

UGC 6328

UGC 6346

UGC 6350

C 5 S T

C5ST

C 5 S T

10.0x6.5

3623 11 18.9

3627 11 20.2

3628 11 20.3

M65 10.0x3.3 Near M66

M66 8.7x4.4 Near M65

14.8x3.6

GALAXY Sb+ II:

GALAXY Sb NEAR EDGE-ON

3680 11 25.7

-4315

720

7.6v

OPEN CLUS

c 1 ST

3709 11 36.6

3718 11 32.6

3766 11 36.2

3992 11 57.6

-6302

+5304

-61 37

+5322

900

522

720

456

4.5v

10.5

5.3v

9.8

OPEN CLUS II 1 p n

GALAXY SBap

OPEN CLUS sp=B1

GALAXY S(B)b+ I

* 1C 2944

UGC 624

b 1 ST

C 5 S T

c 1 ST

D5ST

8.7x4.5

5800ly

M109 7.6x4.9

;

UGC 6937

4052 1201.9

-63 12

480

8.8p

OPEN CLUS

c1 ST

4111

4192 12 13.9

4216 12 15.9

1207.1

+4304

+1454

+1308

288

570

498

10.8

10.1

10.0

GALAXY SO:

GALAXY Sb l-ll: 3-SYS

GALAXY Sb II

UGC 7103

UGC 7231

UGC 7284

C 5 S T

DAST

C 5 S T

4.8x1.1

M98 9.5x3.2

8.3x2.2 Near Edge-On

4236 12 16.7

+6928

1116

9.7

GALAXY SB+ IV

UGC 7306

b 5 S T

18.6x6.9

4244 12 17.6

+3748

972

10.2

GALAXY S- IV: EDGE-ON

UGC 7322

b 5 S T

16.2x2.5

4254 12 18.9

4258 12 19.0

+1425

+4718

324

9.8

8.3

GALAXY Sc I NEAR FACE-ON

GALAXY Sb+p

UGC 7345

UGC 7353

D 5 S T

C 5 S T

M99 5.4x4.8

1092

M106 18.2x7.9

4303 1222.0

4321 1223.0

+0428

+1549

360

414

9.7

9.4

GALAXY Sc I 2-SYS

GALAXY Sc I FACE-ON

UGC 7420

UGC 7450

DAST

D 5 S T

M61 6.0x5.5 Face-On

M100 6.9x6.2 Brite Nucleus

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CNGC Catalog (continued)

ALT NAME

CNGC# RA

SIZE

960

MAG TYPE & DESCRIPTION

DEC

-61 54

Q TAGS COMMON NAME/COMMENTS

c 1 ST

4349 1224.2

7.4v

OPEN CLUS

4374 1225.1

4382 1225.5

+1253

+18 11

300

426

9.3

9.2

GALAXY E1

GALAXY Ep 2-SYS

UGC 7494

UGC 7508

C 5 S T

C A S T

M84 5.0x4.4 Near M86

M85 7.1x5.2

4395 1225.8

4406 1226.3

+3332

+1256

774

444

10.2

9.2

GALAXY S+ IV-V

GALAXY E3

UGC 7524

UGC 7532

c5S

C 5 S T

12.9x11.0

M86 7.4x5.5

4438 1227.8

+1300

558

10.1

GALAXY Sap

UGC 7574

c5 ST

9.3x3.9

4472 1229.8

4486 1230.9

+0800

+1223

+1425

+0006

534

432

414

612

8.4

8.6

GALAXY E4

UGC 7629

UGC 7654

UGC 7675

UGC 7694

C 5 S T

DAST

D 5 S T

C A S T

M49 8.9x7.4

M87 7.2x6.8 + CNGC 4471

GALAXY E1 + EO 2-SYS

GALAXY Sb+ I MULTI-ARM

GALAXY Sc 2-SYS

4501

1232.1

9.5

10.5

M88 6.9x3.9

4517 1232.8

10.2x1.9 Near Edge-On

4548 1235.5

+1429

324

10.2

GALAXY SBb + Sc 2-SYS

UGC 7753

D A S T

M91 5.4x4.4 Near CNGC 4571

M89 4.2x4.2

4552 12 35.7

4559 1236.0

4565 1236.4

+12 33

+2757

+2559

252

630

972

9.8

9.9

9.6

GALAXY EO

UGC 7760

UGC 7766

UGC 7772

D 5 S T

C A S T

BAST

GALAXY Sc ll-lll 3-SYS

GALAXY Sb I: + 3-SYS FNT

10.5x4.9 Coarse Structure

M40 16.2x2.8 Edge-On Lane

4569 1236.9

+1309

570

9.5

GALAXY Sb+

UGC 7786

C 5 S T

M90 9.5x4.7

4579 1237.8

+11 49

324

9.8

UGC 7796

C 5 S T

M58 5.4x4.4 Near CNGC 4621

GALAXY Sb

4590 1239.4

4594 1239.9

4605 1240.0

-2646

-11 38

+61 36

720

534

330

8.2v

8.3

11.0

CNGC 4590

CNGC 4594

UGC 7831

D 2 S T

C 5 S T

M68

GLOB CLUS

GALAXY Sb-

GALAXY SBcp Edge-On

M104 8.9x4.1 "Sombrero"

5.5x2.3 Edge-On

4609 1242.4

-62 59

300

6.9v

c 1 ST

OPEN CLUS

4621

4631

1242.1

+11 38

306

906

9.8

9.3

GALAXY E3

UGC 7858

UGC 7865

D 5 S T

B 5 S T

M59 5.1x3.4 Near CNGC 4579

15.1x3.3 Edge-On

+3232

GALAXY Sc III Edge-On

4649 1243.7

4656 1243.9

4725 1250.5

+11 33

+32 10

+2533

432

828

660

8.8

10.4

9.2

GALAXY E1

GALAXY Sc IV + lr+ 2-SYS

GALAXY S(B)b I

UGC 7898

UGC 7907

UGC 7989

D 5 S T

C A S T

C 5 S T

M60 7.2x6.2 Near CNGC 4621

13.8x3.3 Near CNGC 4631

11.0x7.9

M94 11.0x9.1

4736 1250.9

+41 08

660

8.2

GALAXY Sb-p II:

UGC 7996

C 5 S T

4755 1253.6

4762 1253.0

4826 12 56.7

-6021

600

522

558

4.2v

10.2

8.5

OPEN CLUS sp=B3

GALAXY SBO

GALAXY Sb-

c 1 ST

C5ST

C 5 S T

Jewel Box 6800ly

8.7x1.6

M64 9.3x5.4 Black Eye Gal

+11 14

+21 41

UGC 801 6

UGC 8062

4833 1259.4

-7052

810

7.4v

GLOBCLUS

b 2 S T

4852 1300.1

-5936

660

8.9p

OPEN CLUS

c 1 ST

4945 1305.3

5024 13 13.0

5033 13 13.5

5053 13 16.4

-4929

+18 10

+3636

+1740

1200

756

630

9.5

GALAXY SBc: 2-SYS

GLOB CLUS

GALAXY Sb+ l-ll:

GLOB CLUS

bAST

D 2 S T

c5 ST

20.0x4.

M53

10.5x5.6

7.7v

10.1

9.8v

CNGC 5024

UGC 8307

C2ST

5055 13 15.8

+4202

738

8.6

GALAXY Sb+ II

UGC 8334

C 5 S T

M63 12.3x7.6 Sunflower Gal

5102 1321.9

5128 1325.3

-3639

-4301

558

1092

10.0

7.0

GALAXY SO

GALAXY SOp

C5ST

B5ST

9.3x3.5

18.2x14.5 CentarusA X-Ray

5138 1327.3

5139 1326.8

-5901

-4729

480

2178

7.6v

3.7v

OPEN CLUS

GLOB CLUS Sp=F7

c 1 ST

A 2 ST

Omega Cen

UGC 8493

Omega Centauri 17kly

5194 1330.0

+47 11

660

8.4

GALAXY Sc I 2-SYS FACE

BAST

M51 11.0x7.8 Whirlpool Gal

5236 1337.1

5272 1342.3

-2951

+2823

672

972

8.2

6.4v

GALAXY Sc l-ll FACE-ON

GLOB CLUS sp=F7

CNGC 5236

CNGC 5272

B 5 S T

B 2 S T

M83 11.2x10.2

M3 35kly

5281 1346.7

5286 1346.2

-6254

-51 22

300

546

5.9v

7.6v

OPEN CLUS

GLOB CLUS

c 1 ST

b 2 S T

5316 1354.0

-61 52

840

6.0v

OPEN CLUS

c 1 ST

5457 1403.3

5460 1407.7

5474 1405.1

5617 1429.8

+5421

-48 19

+5340

-6044

1614

1500

270

7.7

GALAXY Sc I FACE-ON

OPEN CLUS

GALAXY Sc

UGC 8981

UGC 901 3

C5S

M101 26.9x26.3 Pinwheel

4.5x4.2

5.6v

10.9

6.3v

c 1 ST

C5 ST

c 1 ST

600

OPEN CLUS

5662 1435.1

-5634

720

5.5v

OPEN CLUS

c 1 ST

7.9x1.7

5746 1445.0

5749 1448.9

5822 1505.3

5823 15 05.7

+01 57

-5432

-5421

-5536

474

480

2400

600

10.6

8.8p

6.5p

7.9v

GALAXY Sb EDGE-ON

OPEN CLUS

UGC 9499

C 5 S T

c1 ST

c 1 ST

OPEN CLUS

5824 1504.0

-3305

372

9.0v

GLOB CLUS

C2ST

5897 15 17.4

5904 15 18.6

-21 00

+0205

756

1044

8.6v

5.8v

GLOB CLUS

GLOB CLUS sp=F6

b 2 S T

B 2 S T

CNGC 5904

UGC 9801

M5 26kly

12.3x1.8

5907 15 15.9

5925 1527.7

+56 19

-5432

738

900

10.4

8.4p

GALAXY Sb+ II:

OPEN CLUS

C 5 S T

c 1 ST

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4 0

CNGC Catalog (continued)

SIZE

ALT NAME

DEC

MAG TYPE & DESCRIPTION

CNGCtf RA

Q TAGS COMMON NAME/COMMENTS

4700ly

5927 1528.0

5986 1546.1

6025 1603.7

6067 16 13.3

-5040 -

3746 -

6030 -54

720 588 8.3v

GLOBCLUS GLOBCLUS OPEN

CLUS OPEN CLUS sp=B3

b2ST

b2 ST c

1 ST c 1

720 780

7.1v

5.1v

5.6v

6087 16 18.9

6093 16 17.1

-5754

-2300

720

534

5.4v

7.2v

OPEN CLUS

GLOB CLUS

c 1 ST

D 2 S T

CNGC 6093

CNGC 6121

M80

6101 1625.7

6121 1623.7

-72 13

-2631

642

1578

9.3v

5.9v

GLOB CLUS

GLOBCLUS sp=GO

C 2 S T

B2ST

M4 14kly

6124 1625.6

6144 1627.2

-4042

-2603

1740

558

5.8v

9.1v

OPEN CLUS

GLOB CLUS

c1 ST

C 2 S T

6152 1632.8

-5238

1800

8.1p

OPEN CLUS

c 1 ST

6167 1634.4

6169 1634.1

-4936

-4403

480

420

6.7v

6.6p

OPEN CLUS

c 1 ST

c 1 S

6171

6192 1640.4

1632.5

-1302

-4323

600

480

8.1v

8.5p

GLOB CLUS

OPEN CLUS

CNGC 6171

D2 ST

c 1 ST

M107

6193 1641.4

-4846

900

5.2v

OPEN CLUS + ENEB + RNEB

c6 ST

6200 1644.3

6205 1641.7

-4729

+3627

720

996

7.4v

5.9v

OPEN CLUS

c 1 S

GLOB CLUS sp=F6

CNGC 6205

CNGC 621 8

B2ST

M13 Hercules Globular

6208 1649.5

6218 1647.2

-5349

-01 57

960

870

7.2v

6.6v

OPEN CLUS

GLOB CLUS sp=F8

c 1 ST

D 2 S T

M12 24kly

6231 1654.3

-41 48

900

2.6v

OPEN CLUS + ENEB sp=O9

b6 ST

In 240' ENEB 5800ly

6242 1655.6

6250 1658.0

-3930

-4548

540

480

6.4v

5.9v

OPEN CLUS

c 1 ST

6254 1657.1

6259 1700.7

-0407

-4441

906

600

6.6v

8.0v

GLOBCLUS sp=G1

OPEN CLUS

CNGC 6254

D 2 S T

c 1 ST

M10 20kly

6266 1701.3

6273 1702.6

-3007

846

6.6v

GLOB CLUS OBLATE

CNGC 6266

CNGC 6273

D 2 S T

M62 Non-symmetrical

-26 15

-3753

-2445

-2634

810

480

336

474

7.2v

5.4v

9.0v

8.2v

GLOB CLUS OBLATE

OPEN CLUS + ENEB

GLOBCLUS

D 2 S T

C6ST

c2 ST

M19 Oblate Shape Globular

6281

1704.8

6284 1704.5

6293 1710.3

GLOB CLUS

C 2 S T

6304 17 14.6

-2928

408

8.4v

GLOB CLUS

C2ST

6316 17 16.6

6322 1718.5

6333 17 19.2

-2808

-4257

-1831

+4309

294

600

558

672

9.0v

6.0v

7.9v

6.5v

GLOBCLUS

C 2 S T

c 1 ST

D2 ST

D2ST

OPEN CLUS

GLOB CLUS

CNGC 6333

CNGC 6341

6341

17 17.2

GLOB CLUS sp=F1

M92 X-Ray Source 26kly

6353 1724.7

-4957

720

6.9v

OPEN CLUS II 3 m

* 1C 4651

c 1 ST

6356 1723.7

6362 1731.8

6366 1727.7

6367 1725.2

-1749

-6703

-0505

+3745

432

642

498

8.4v

8.3v

10.0v

14.5

GLOB CLUS

GALAXY

c2S

b2 ST

C 2 S T

f 5

6383 1734.7

-3235

300

5.5v

OPEN CLUS + ENEB

C 6 S T

ENEB is 80' in diameter

6388 1736.3

6397 1740.9

6398 1720.2

6400 1740.8

-4445

-5341

+5755

-3656

522

6.9v

5.7v

GLOB CLUS

b 2 S T

c5S

1542

2010

480

GLOBCLUS sp=F5

GALAXY dE3

OPEN CLUS

9kly

11. 9p

8.8p

* UGC 10822

33.5x18.9 Maybe Can't

See

c 1 ST

6401

1738.6

-2355

336

9.5v

GLOB CLUS

d 2 S T

6402 1737.6

6405 1740.1

-03 17

-32 13

702

900

7.6v

4.2v

GLOB CLUS

OPEN CLUS sp=B4

CNGC 6402

CNGC 6405

D 2 S T

C 1 ST

M14

M6 1500ly

6416 1744.4

6425 1747.0

-3221

-31 31

1080

480

8.4v

7.2v

OPEN CLUS

c1 ST

c 1 ST

6431

1746.3

+0543

2460

4.2v

OPEN CLUS III 2p

* 1C 4665

b 1 ST

6432 1747.9

-3000

-3703

-30 13

13.6p

7.4v

8.2p

PLAN NEB

f4S

PK 359-0.1

M7 800ly

6441

6451

1750.2

1750.7

468

480

GLOB CLUS

OPEN CLUS

c2 ST

c1 ST

6469 1752.9

-2221

720

8.2p

OPEN CLUS

c 1 ST

6475 1754.0

-3449

4800

3.3v

OPEN CLUS sp=B5

CNGC 6475

C 1 ST

6494 1757.0

6514 1802.3

6520 1803.5

6522 1803.6

-1901

-2302

-2754

-3002

1620

1740

360

5.5v

6.3v

6.7p

8.6v

OPEN CLUS sp=B8

DIFF ENEB + OPEN CLUS Hll

OPEN CLUS

CNGC 6494

CNGC 6514

D 1 ST

B6ST

c 1 ST

C 2 S T

M23 1400ly

M20 Trifid Nebula 3500ly

336

GLOB CLUS

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CNGC Catalog (continued)

ALT NAME

CNGC 6981

Q TAGS COMMON NAME/COMMENTS

SIZE

354

CNGC# RA

DEC

-12 33

MAG TYPE & DESCRIPTION

6981 20 53.5

9.4v

GLOB CLUS

D 2 S T

M72

6994 20 59.0

7000 21 01.8

7009 21 04.3

7036 21 12.1

-1237

+44 12

-11 22

+4743

168

7200

100

240

8.9p

6.6

8.3p

6.8v

OPENCLUS

CNGC 6994

D 1 ST

b 3 S T

C 4 S T

c 1 ST

M73

DIFFENEB Hll

PLAN NEB

North American Nebula 3kly

Saturn Nebula 3000ly

OPEN CLUS I 1 m

* 1C 1369

7039 21 12.2

+4539

1500

7.6v

OPEN CLUS

c1 S

7063 21 24.4

7078 21 30.0

+3630

+12 10

480

738

7.0v

6.4v

OPEN CLUS

GLOB CLUS sp=F2

c1 S

CNGC 7078

CNGC 7089

C 2 S T

M15 X-Ray Source 34kly

M2 40kly

7082 21 29.4

7086 21 30.6

+4705

+51 35

1500

540

7.2v

8.4v

OPEN CLUS

c 1 ST

7089 21 33.5

-0050

774

6.5v

GLOB CLUS Sp=F4

C 2 S T

7092 21 32.2

7093 21 39.1

+4826

+5730

1920

3000

4.6v

3.5v

OPEN CLUS

OPEN CLUS + DNEB II 3 m n

CNGC 7092

* 1C 1396

D 1 ST

b 6 S T

M39

7099 21 40.3

7143 21 53.4

-23 11

+47 16

660

540

7.5v

7.2v

GLOB CLUS

CNGC 7099

* 1C 5146

D2S

M30

OPEN CLUS + DNEB IV 2 p n

C 6 S T

7160 21 53.7

7202 22 10.5

+6236

+5250

420

480

6.1v

9.0p

OPEN CLUS

c1 ST

c 1 ST

OPEN CLUS II 1 p

* 1C 1434

c 1 ST

7209 22 05.2

7243 22 15.3

+4630

+4953

1500

1260

6.7v

6.4v

OPEN CLUS

7331 22 37.1

+3426

642

9.5

GALAXY Sb l-ll

UGC 12113

C 5 S T

10.7x4.0

7380 22 47.0

+58 06

720

7.2v

OPEN CLUS + ENEB

C6ST

Red Nebula

7635 23 20.7

7640 2322.1

+61 12

+4051

900

642

12.8

10.9

DIFFENEB

GALAXY S(B)b+ II:

C 3 S T

C 5 S T

Bubble Nebula Red

10.7x2.5

M52

UGC 12554

CNGC 7654

7654 23 24.2

7686 23 30.2

+61 36

+4908

780

900

6.9v

5.6v

OPEN CLUS

OPENCLUS

D 1 ST

c 1 ST

7790 23 58.5

7793 23 57.9

7815 00 02.1

+61 13

-3234

-1528

1020

546

612

8.5v

9.1

10.9

OPEN CLUS sp=B1

GALAXY Sdm III-IV

GALAXY lr+ IV-V

c1 ST

c 5 S T

C5S

10300ly

9.1x6.6

10.2x4.2

* UGC A444

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4 3

3. STAR Catalog

Q TAGS

COMMON NAME/COMMENTS

STAR #

ALT NAME

Alpha And

DEC

SIZE

MAG TYPE & DESCRIPTION

00 08.3

+2906

2.1v

STAR

B8.5p IV:(Hg+Mn)

ST Alpheratz

00 09.2

00 13.2

00 25.7

00 26.3

+59 10

+15 12

-77 15

-42 18

2.3v

2.8v

2.4v

STAR

F2 III-IV

B2 IV

Beta Cas

Gamma Peg

Beta Hyi

ST Caph

ST Algenib

G1 IV

KO 1Mb

Alpha Phe

ST Ankaa

. 6

00 39.4

+3052

3.3v

STAR

K3 III

Delta And A

* 7

* 8

* 9

* 10

00 40.5

00 43.6

00 56.7

01 06.1

+5633

-1759

+6043

-4643

2.2v

2.0v

2.5v

3.3v

STAR

KO Ilia

Alpha Cas

Beta Get

Gamma Cas

Beta Phe AB

ST Shedir

G9.5 III

BO IVnpe(shell) + ?

G8 III

ST Diphda

ST Marj B=8.8

ST B=Similar mag &

spectrum

@759d

. 11

01 09.8

+3537

2.1v

STAR

MO Ilia

Beta And

ST Mirach

» 12 01 25.8

* 13 01 37.7

+60 15

-57 14

2.7v

0.5v

STAR

AS IV

Delta Cas

Alpha Eri

ST Ruchbah Eel-Bin

ST Achernar

B3 Vnp (shell)

* 14 01 54.7

* 15 01 58.7

+2049

-61 34

2.6v

2.9v

STAR

A5 V

A9 Ill-IVn

Beta Ari

Alpha Hyi

ST Sharatan

• 16 02 04.0

+42 21

+2328

100

2.3v

2.0v

STAR

K3 llb + B9 V +AO V

K2 Illab

Gamma And A

Alpha Ari

ST Almaak B=5.4 C=6.2

ST Hamal

* 17

02 07.2

* 18

« 19

02 09.5

02 14.7

+3459

+89 17

3.0v

2.0v

STAR

A5 IV

F5-8 Ib + F3 V

Beta Tri

AlphaUMiA

180

ST Polaris B=8.2

* 20

02 19.4

-0258

-40 19

+0405

2.1v

3.2v

2.5v

STAR

M5.5-9 Ille + Bpe

Omicron Get A

Theta Eri A

Alpha Get

ST Mira B=9.5

ST Acamar

ST Menkar

- 21 02 58.3

* 22 03 02.3

AS IV

M1.5llla

* 23 03 04.8

* 24 03 08.2

+5331

+4058

2.9v

2.1v

STAR

G8 III +A2 V

B8 V + F:

Gamma Per

Beta Per

ST Algol

* 25 03 24.4

+4952

1.8v

STAR

F5lb

Alpha Per

ST Mirphak

26 03 43.0

+4748

+2706

3.0v

2.9v

STAR

B5 Illn

B7llln

Delta Per

Eta Tau

27 03 47.6

ST Alcyone

28 03 47.2

29 03 54.2

30 03 57.8

-74 15

+31 54

+4001

3.2v

2.9v

STAR

M2 III

Gamma Hyi

Zeta Per A

Epsilon Per A

130

B1 Ib + B8 V

B0.5 IV + B9.5 V

ST B=9.2

ST B=7.9

31 03 58.0

-1330

-5502

3.0v

3.3v

STAR

M0.5 Ill-lllb

Gamma Eri

ST Zaurak

32 04 34.0

AOp lll:(Si) + B9 IV

Alpha Dor AB

ST A=3.8 B=4.3

33 04 35.9

34 04 49.9

35 04 57.0

+1631

+0657

+3311

0.9v

3.2v

2.7v

STAR

K5III

F6 V

K3II

Alpha Tau A

Pi^A3 Ori

lota Aur

ST Aldebaran

ST Hassaleh

ST Ayn

36 05 02.0

+4349

3.0v

STAR

A9 lae + B

Epsilon Aur A

ST Anz

37 05 05.5

38 05 06.6

39 05 07.9

-2222

+41 14

-0505

-16 12

3.2v

2.8v

3.1v

STAR

K5 III

Epsilon Lep

Eta Ori AB

Theta Eri

Mu Lep

B3 V

A3 Illn

B9p IV: (Hg+Mn)

ST Hoedus II

ST Kursa

• 41

* 42

05 12.9

05 14.6

05 16.6

-08 12

0.1v

STAR

B8 lae + B5 V

Beta Ori A

ST Rigel B=7.6 C=7.6

+4600

-0224

+0621

+2837

0.1v

3.3v

1.6v

1.7v

STAR

G6: III + G2: III

B1 IV + B

B2 III

Alpha Aur AB

Eta Ori AB

Gamma Ori

Capella

* 43 05 24.5

* 44 05 25.2

* 45 05 26.3

Bellatrix

Alnath

B7 III

Beta Tau

|G5II + ?

46 05 28.3

-2046

2.8v

STAR

ST B=7.4

Beta Lep A

05 32.0

-00 19

-1749

2.2v

2.6v

STAR

O9.5 II

FO Ib

8ST

Delta Ori A

Alpha Lep

Mintaka

Arneb

48 05 32.7

05 46.5

-0555

-01 12

110

2.8v

1.7v

STAR

O9 III + B7 Nip

BO la

lota Ori A

Epsilon Ori

9ST

Nair al Salt B=7.3

Alnilam

50 05 36.2

51 05 37.6

+21 09

3.0v

STAR

B2 Illpe (shell)

Zeta Tau

52 05 39.7

53 05 40.8

54 05 47.8

-3404

-01 56

-0940

2.6v

2.1v

STAR

B7 IV

Alpha Col A

Zeta Ori A

Kappa Ori

Phaet

O9.5 lb + BO III

B0.5 la

ST Alnitak B=4.2

Saiph

Wezn

55 0551.0

-3546

3.1v

STAR

K1.5 III

Beta Col

56 05 55.2

+0725

0.4v

STAR

M2 lab

Alpha Ori

Betelgeuse

57 05 59.5

58 05 59.8

+4457

+37 13

1.9v

2.6v

STAR

A1 IV

AOp III: (si) + G2 V

Beta Aur

Theta Aur AB

Menkalinan

Bogardus B=7.2

G2V

06 14.9

+2231

-3003

3.3v

3.0v

STAR

M3III

B2.5 V

Eta Gem

Zeta CMa

Propus

Phurud

60 06 20.3

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4 4

STAR Catalog (continued)

STAR#

*61

DEC

+2231

SIZE

MAG TYPE & DESCRIPTION

ALT NAME

Mu Gem

Q TAGS

8ST

COMMON NAME/COMMENTS

Tejat Posterior

06 22.9

2.8v

STAR M3 Illab

*62

*63

0622.7

06 24.0

-1758

-5242

2.0v

STAR B1 ll-lll

Beta CMa

Alpha Car

8ST

Murzim

Canopus

Alhena

-0.7v STAR A9 II

*64

*65

06 37.7

+1624

-4312

1.9v

3.2v

STAR A1 IVs

STAR B8 Illn

Gamma Gem

Nu Pup

8ST

*66

06 44.0

+2508

3.0v

STAR G8 Ib

Epsilon Gem

8ST

Mebsuta

*67

*68

*69

*70

06 45.2

06 48.2

06 49.9

06 58.6

-1643

-61 56

-5037

-2858

-1.5v STAR AOmA1 Va

Alpha CMa A

Alpha Pic

Tau Pup

9ST

8ST

Sirius B=8.5 50y

3.3v

2.9v

1.5v

STAR A6Vn

STAR K1 III

STAR B2 II

Epsilon CMa A

Adara

*71

0703.1

-2350

3.0v

STAR B3 lab

Omicron^A2 CMa

8ST

*72

*73

*74

*75

07 08.4

07 13.5

07 17.2

07 24.2

-2623

-4438

-3705

-26 19

1.8v

2.6v

2.7v

2.5v

STAR F8 la

STAR M5 Ills

STAR K3 Ib

STAR B5 la

Delta CMa

L2 Pup

8ST

Wezen

HR2748

Pi Pup

Eta CMa

Aludra

*76

07 27.2

07 29.3

+08 17

-43 17

2.9v

3.3v

STAR B8 V

Beta CMi

8ST

9ST

Gomeisa

'77

220

STAR K5 III + G5: V

Sigma Pup A

'78

*79

*80

07 34.6

07 39.3

+31 53

+05 14

1.9v

2.9v

0.4v

STAR A1 V + A2mA5

STAR A2mA5 + A1 V

STAR F5 IV-V + ?

Alpha Gem A

Alpha Gem B

Alpha CMi A

9ST

Castor A

Castor B

Procyon B=10.3

*81

*82

07 45.4

07 49.3

+2802

-2452

1.1v

3.3v

STAR KO Nib

STAR G6 Ib

Beta Gem

•., Xi Pup

8ST

Pollux

*83

*84

*85

08 03.7

08 07.6

08 09.5

-3001

-24 19

-4721

2.3v

2.7v

1.7v

STAR O5 lafn

STAR F6 lip (var)

STAR WC8 + O9 I:

8ST

8 ST

8ST

- Zeta Pup

Rho Pup

Naos

Gamma^A2 Vel

*86

08 22.5

-5931

1.9v

STAR K3: III

8ST

Epsilon Car

Avior

*87

*88

08 44.7

08 55.5

-5443

+0556

2.0v

3.1v

STAR A1 IV

STAR G9 ll-lll

9ST

8ST

Delta Vel AB

Zeta Hya

B=5.0

*89

*90

08 59.3

09 08.0

+4803

-4325

3.1v

2.2v

STAR A7 IVn + M1 V

STAR K4 Ib-lla

9ST

8ST

lota UMa A

Lambda Vel

Talitha BC=10.8

Suhail

*91

09 13.3

-6944

1.7v

STAR A1 III

8ST

Beta Car

Miaplacidus

Turais

*92

*93

0917.1

0921.1

-59 17

+3423

2.2v

3.1v

STAR A8 II

STAR K7 Illab

8ST

lota Car

Alpha Lyn

*94

*95

09 22.1

-5501

-0839

2.5V

2.0v

STAR B2 IV-V

STAR K3 ll-lll

8ST

Kappa Vel

Alpha Hya

09 27.6

Alphard

HR3803

*96

0931.2

-5701

3.1v

STAR K5 III

8ST

N Vel

*97

*98

*99

*100

09 33.0

09 45.9

09 47.2

1008.5

+51 41

+2346

-6505

+11 58

3.2v

3.0v

1.4v

STAR F6 IV

STAR G1 II

8ST

9ST

8ST

Theta UMa

1 Leo

Nu Car AB

Alpha Leo A

Ras Elased Aus

B=6.3

Regulus

STAR A5 Ib + B7 III

STAR B7 Vn

*101

10 13.7

-7002

3.3v

STAR B8 Illn

8ST

Omega Car

*102

*103

*104

*105

1020.0

1022.4

1032.0

1043.0

+1951

+41 30

-61 42

-6424

2.6v

3.1v

3.3v

2.8v

STAR K1 1Mb Fe-0.5 + *

STAR MO II Ip

STAR B4 Vne

9ST

8ST

Gamma Leo A

Mu Uma

Rho Car

Algieba B=3.5 G7 III Fe-1

Tania Australis

HR4140

STAR B0.5Vp

Theta Car

*106

*107

1046.8

1049.7

-4926

-16 11

2.7v

3.1v

STAR G5 III + F8: V

STAR K2 III

9ST

8ST

Mu Vel AB

Ny Hya

B=6.4

*108

*109

11 01.9

11 03.8

+5623

+61 45

2.4v

1.8v

STAR AOmA1 IV-V

STAR KO Ilia + A8 V

8ST

9ST

Beta UMa

Alpha UMa AB

Merak

Dubhe B=4.8

*110

11 09.7

+4430

3.0v

STAR K1 III

8ST

Psi UMa

*111

11 14.2

+2032

2.6v

STAR A4 V

8ST

Delta Leo

Zosma

Chort

*112

*113

*114

*115

11 14.2

11 35.8

11 49.1

11 53.8

+1526

-6302

+1434

+5341

3.3v

3.1v

2.1v

2.4v

STAR A2 Vs

STAR B9 III

8ST

Theta Leo

Lambda Cen

Beta Leo

Gamma UMa

STAR A3V

STAR AO IV-Vn

Denebola

Phad

*116

*117

1208.4

-5044

-2237

2.5v

3.0v

STAR B2 IVne

STAR K3 Ilia

Delta Cen

8ST

12 10.1

Epsilon Crv

Minkar

*118

*119

12 15.1

12 15.5

-5845

+5701

2.8v

3.3v

STAR B2 IV

STAR A2 IV-Vn

Delta Cru

Delta UMa

8ST

Megrez

*120

12 15.8

-1733

2.6v

STAR B8p III: (Hg+Mn)

Gamma Crv

8ST

Gienah Ghurab

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4 5

STAR Catalog (continued)

STAR#

DEC

SIZE

MAG TYPE & DESCRIPTION

ALT NAME

Q TAGS

COMMON NAME/COMMENTS

*121

1226.6

-6306

1.3v

STAR

B0.5 IV + B1 Vn

Alpha Cru A

ST AcruxA B=1.7

*122

*123

*124

*125

1226.7

1229.9

1231.2

1234.4

-6307

-1631

-5707

-2324

240

1.7v

3.0v

1.6v

2.7v

STAR

B1 Vn + B0.5 IV

B9.5 III + K2 V

M3.5 III

Alpha Cru B

Delta Crv A

Gamma Cru

Beta Crv

ST Acrux B A=1 .3

ST Algorab B=8.3

ST Gacrux

ST Kraz

G5II

*126

1237.2

-6909

2.7v

STAR

B2 IV-V

Alpha Mus

*127

*128

*129

*130

1241.6

1241.5

1241.7

1246.2

-4858

-01 28

-6807

2.9v

3.0v

2.8v

3.1v

STAR

B9.5 III +AO III

AO III + B9.5 III

F1 V + F1 V

Gamma Cen A

Gamma Cen B

Gamma Vir AB

Beta Mus AB

ST B=3.0

ST A=2.9

ST Porrima B=3.5

ST B=4.1

B2 V + B2.5 V

*131

1247.7

-5942

1.2v

STAR

B0.5 III

Beta Cru

ST Becrux Mimosa

*132

*133

*134

*135

1254.0

1256.1

1302.2

13 19.0

+5558

+38 19

+1058

-2311

1.8v

2.9v

2.8v

3.0v

STAR

AOp IV: (Cr+Eu)

AOp III: (Si+Eu+Sr)

G9 Illab

Epsilon UMa

Alpha^A2 CVn A

Epsilon Vir

ST Alioth

ST Cor Caroli B=5.6 FO V

ST Vindamiatrix

G8 Ilia

Gamma Hya

*136

1320.6

-3643

2.8v

STAR

A2 V

lota Cen

*137

*138

*139

*140

1324.0

1325.2

1339.9

1347.6

+5455

-11 10

-5328

+49 19

140

2.3v

1.0v

2.3v

1.9v

STAR

A1p IV: (Si) +A1mA7

Zeta UMa A

Alpha Vir

Epsilon Cen

Eta UMa

ST Mizar B=3.9

ST Spica

B1 V

B1 III

B3 V

ST Alcaid

*141

1349.6

-4228

3.0v

STAR

B2 IV-Vpne

Mu Cen

8ST

*142

*143

"144

*145

1354.7

1355.6

14 03.9

1406.4

+1824

-4717

-6024

-2641

2.7v

2.6v

0.6v

3.3v

STAR

GO IV

B2.5 IV

B1 III

Eta Boo

ST Mufrid

Zeta Cen

Beta Cen AB

Pi Hya

ST Hadar

K2 Illb

*146

1406.7

-3622

2.1v

STAR

KO Illb

Theta Cen

ST Menkent

ST Arcturus

*147

*148

*149

*150

14 15.7

1432.1

1435.5

14 39.8

+19 11

+38 19

-42 10

-6051

O.Ov

3.0v

2.4

STAR

K1.5 III Fe-0.5

A7 III-IV

Alpha Boo

Gamma Boo

Eta Cen

Seginus

B1.5 IVpne

G2 V + K4 V

210

O.Ov

Alpha Cen A

9ST

Rigel Kentaurus B=1.3

*151

14 39.8

-6051

1.3v

STAR

K4 V + G2 V

Alpha Cen B

ST A=0.0

•152

*153

*154

*155

1441.9

1442.5

1446.6

1451.1

-4724

-6459

+2704

-51 03

2.3v

3.2v

2.4v

2.8v

STAR

B1.5 III

Alpha Lup

Alpha Cir

160

A7p (Sr) + K5 V

KO ll-lll +AO V

A3 IV

ST B=8.6

ST Izar B=5.1

ST Zuben Elgenubi

Epsilon Boo

Alpha Lib A

*156

14 50.6

+74 10

2.1v

STAR

K4III

Beta UMi

ST Kocab

*157

*158

*159

*160

1458.5

1459.2

1504.1

15 17.1

-4308

-4206

-25 18

-0923

2.7v

3.1v

3.3v

2.6v

STAR

B2 IV

B2V

Beta Lup

Kappa Cen

Sigma Lib

Beta Lib

M4 III

B8 Vn

Brachium

Zuben Elschemali

*161

15 18.9

1521.4

-6841

-4039

2.9v

3.2v

STAR

A1 Illn

Gamma TrA

Delta Lup

*162

B1.5IVn

*163

*164

*165

1520.7

1524.9

1535.5

+71 50

+5858

+2643

3.1v

3.3v

2.2v

STAR

A2.5 III

K2 III

Gamma UMi

lota Dra

Pherkad

Ed Asich

Alphekka

AO IV

Gamma CrB

*166

*167

1535.1

1554.3

-41 10

+0625

2.8v

2.7v

STAR

B2 IVn + B2 IVn

K2 Illb (CN1)

Alpha Lup AB

Alpha Ser

A=3.5 B=3.6

Unukalhai

*168

*169

1555.1

1558.9

1559.5

-6326

-2608

+2554

2.9v

2.0v

STAR

FO IV

B1 V + B2 V

Beta Tra

Pi Sco A

*170

STAR

gM3: + Bep

TCrB

8ST

Gait

*171

1600.3

-2238

2.3v

STAR

B0.3 IV

Delta Sco AB

Dschubba

*172

*173

*174

*175

1605.5

16 14.3

16 18.3

1621.2

-1948

-0343

-0436

-2536

2.6v

2.7v

3.2v

2.9v

STAR B0.5 IV

Beta Sco AB

Delta Oph

Epsilon Oph

Sigma Sco A

9ST

Graffias B=5.0 C=4.9 @ 14"

Yed Prior

Yed Posterior

STAR

M0.5 III

G9.5 Illb Fe-0.5

B1 III + B9 V

200

Alniyat B=8.3

*176

1624.0

+61 31

2.7v

STAR

G8 Illab

Eta Dra A

B=8.7

*177

*178

*179

*180

1629.5

1630.2

1635.9

1637.2

-2626

+21 29

-28 13

-1034

0.9v

2.8v

2.6v

STAR

M1.5 lab + B2.5V

G7 Ilia

Alpha Sco A

Beta Her

Tau Sco

Antares B=5.4

Kornephoros

BO V

O9.5 Vn

Zeta Oph

Fieht

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4 6

STAR Catalog (continued)

STAR#

*181

DEC

SIZE

MAG TYPE & DESCRIPTION

ALT NAME

Q TAGS

9ST

COMMON NAME/COMMENTS

B=5.5

1641.3

+31 36

2.8v

STAR G1 IV + G7 V

Zeta Her AB

*182

1648.7

-6902

1.9v

STAR K2 lib - Ilia

Alpha TrA

8 ST

Artia

*183

*184

*185

1650.2

1651.9

1657.7

-34 17

-3803

+0922

2.3v

3.0v

3.2v

STAR K2 III

STAR B1.5 IVn

STAR K2 III

Epsilon Sco

8ST

8 ST

8ST

Mu^A1 Sco

Kappa Oph

*186

1658.7

-5600

3.1v

STAR K4 III

Zeta Ara

8ST

*187

*188

*189

*190

1708.7

17 10.4

17 12.2

17 14.7

+6543

-1544

-43 14

+1423

3.2v

2.4v

3.3v

3.1v

STAR B6 III

Zeta Dra

Eta Oph AB

Eta Sco

8ST

9ST

8ST

Aldhibah

Sabik A=3.0 B=3.5

STAR A2 Vs + AS V

STAR F2p V: (Cr)

STAR M5 Ib-ll

Alpha HerAB

Ras Algethi

Sarin B=8.8

*191

17 15.1

+2450

3.1v

STAR A1 IVn + ?

Delta Her

9ST

*192

*193

17 15.1

1722.1

+3648

-2500

3.2v

3.3v

STAR K3 Nab

STAR B2 IV

Pi Her

8ST

Alpha Oph

*194

*195

1725.4

1725.5

-5532

-5623

2.9v

3.3v

STAR K3 Ib-lla

STAR B1 Ib

Beta Ara

Gamma Ara A

8 ST

8ST

*196

1730.8

-37 17

2.7v

STAR B2 IV

Upsilon Sco

8ST

*197

*198

1730.4

1731.9

+52 19

-4952

2.8v

3.0v

STAR G2 Ib-lla + ?

STAR B2Vne

Beta Dra A

Alpha Ara

9ST

8ST

Restaban B=11.5

*199

*200

1733.7

1725.0

-3707

+1233

1.6v

2.1v

STAR B1.5 IV

STAR A5 Illn

Lambda Sco

Alpha Oph

8ST

Shaula

Rasalhague

*201

1737.3

-4300

1.9v

STAR F1 II

Theta Sco

8ST

Sargas

*202

"203

'204

"205

1742.6

1743.5

1747.6

1749.9

-3902

+0434

-4007

-3702

2.4v

2.8v

3.0

STAR B1.5III

STAR K2 III

STAR F2 la

STAR K2 III

Kappa Sco

Beta Oph

lota^A1 Sco

G Sco

8ST

8 ST

8ST

8 ST

Cebalrai

HR6630

Etamin

3.2v

"206

1756.6

+51 29

2.2v

STAR K5 III

STAR KO III

Gamma Dra

8 ST

"207

"208

*209

*210

1759.1

1805.8

18 17.7

1821.0

-0946

-3026

-3646

-2950

3.3v

3.0v

3.1v

2.7v

Nu Oph

8ST

9ST

8ST

Gamma^A2 Sgr

Eta Sgr A

Delta Sgr

Nash

B=8.3

STAR M3.5 Illab + G8: IV:

STAR K2.5 Ilia

*211

1821.3

1824.2

-0254

-3423

3.3v

1.9v

STAR KO III-IV

Eta Ser

8ST

*212

STAR AO Illnp (shell)

Epsilon Sgr

Kaus Australis

*213

*214

*215

1828.0

1837.0

1845.7

-2525

+3847

-2659

2.8v

O.Ov

3.2v

STAR K1 1Mb

STAR AOVa

STAR B8.5 III

Lambda Sgr

Alpha Lyr

8ST

Kaus Borealis

Vega

Phi Sgr

*216

1855.3

-26 18

2.0v

STAR B2.5V

8ST

Sigma Sgr

Nunki

*217

*218

*219

*220

1858.9

1902.7

1905.5

1907.0

+3241

-29 53

+1353

-2739

3.2v

2.6v

3.0v

3.3v

STAR B9 III

8ST

9ST

8ST

Gamma Lyr

Zeta Sgr AB

Zeta Aql A

Tau Sgr

Sulaphat

Ascella A=3.2 B=3.5

STAR A2.5 V + A4: V:

STAR AO IVnn

STAR K1.5lllb

*221

1909.8

-21 02

2.9v

STAR F2 II + ? + ?

Pi Sgr ABC

9ST

Albaldah A=3.7

B=3.8

*222

*223

19 12.6

1930.8

+6739

+2758

3.1v

STAR G9 III

STAR K3 II + B9.5 V

Delta Dra

Beta Cyg A

8ST

9ST

Nodus Secundus

Albireo B=5.1

B=6.4

350

*224

*225

1945.0

1946.3

+4508

+1037

2.9v

2.7v

STAR B9.5 III + F1 V

STAR K3 II

Delta Cyg AB

Gamma Aql

9ST

8ST

Ta razed

*226

1950.8

+0852

0.8v

STAR A7Vn

Alpha Aql

8ST

Altair

*227

*228

*229

*230

20 11.3

2021.1

20 22.2

20 26.9

-0050

-1446

+40 16

+1505

3.2v

3.1v

2.2v

1.9v

R B9.5 III

STAR KO II + AS V:n

STAR F8 Ib

Theta Aql

8 ST

8ST

Beta Cap A

Gamma Cyg

Alpha Pav

Dabih

Sadr

Peacock

STAR B2.5V

*231

20 37.6

-47 18

3.1v

STAR KO III (Cn1)

Alpha Ind

8ST

*232

*233

*234

*235

2041.5

20 46.3

21 13.0

21 18.6

+45 17

+3358

+30 13

+6236

1.3v

2.5v

3.2v

2.4v

STAR A2 la

Alpha Cyg

Epsilon Cyg

Zeta Cyg

8ST

8 ST

8ST

Deneb

Cat

STAR KO III

STAR G8 Ilia Ba 0.6

STAR A7 IV-V

Alpha Cep

Alderamin

Alphirk

*236

21 28.7

+7033

3.2v

STAR B1 III

Beta Cep

8ST

*237

*238

*239

*240

21 31.6

21 44.2

21 47.1

21 54.0

-0535

+0953

-1607

-3722

2.9v

2.4v

2.9v

3.0v

STAR GO Ib

STAR K2 Ib

STAR A3mF2 V:

STAR B8 III

Beta Aqr

8 ST

8ST

8 ST

Sadalsuud

Enif 72 flare

Epsilon Peg

Delta Cap

Gamma Gru

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STAR Catalog (continued)

STAR#

ALT NAME

Alpha Aqr Alpha Gru 8 8 ST

DEC

SIZE

MAG TYPE & DESCRIPTION

Q TAGS

COMMON NAME/COMMENTS

G2 Ib B7 IV K3 III M5 III

G8 II + FO V

Sadalmelik Al Nair

Matar

*241

*242

*243 - 18.6 22

244

22 05.8 22 -00 19 -

08.3 22 4658 -60

42.7

2243.1

3.0v

1.7v

2.9v

2.1v

2.9v

STAR

Alpha Tuc Beta Gru

Eta Peg

8 8 ST

4652

+30 14

*245

A3 IV

A3 V

M2 ll-III

*246

'247

*248

22 53.6 22 -1550 -

3.3v

1.2v

2.4v

STAR

Delta Aqr Alpha PsA 8 8 ST Skat Fomalhaut Scheat

57.7 23

03.8

2938

+2805

Beta Peg

*249

*250

23 04.8

23 39.4

+15 12

+77 38

2.5v

3.2v

STAR

B9.5 V

K1 III-IV

Alpha Peg

Gamma Cep

Markab

Alrai

*251

00 06.1

+5826

6.4

STAR

6.4:7.2 @308

ADS 61

ST 1980=1.4 @287 107y

*252

*253

*254

00 40.0

00 42.4

00 49.9

+21 27

+0411

+2742

5.5

7.8

6.3

STAR

5.5:8.7 @194

7.8:9.4 @207

6.3:6.3 @296

ADS 558

ADS 588

ADS 683

9ST

1964 Yellow:Blue

ST 1980=1.5 @ 200

ST 1959 p(Yellow:Blue)

'255

00 54.6

+19 11

6.2

STAR

6.2:6.9 @211

ADS 746

ST 1980=0.5 @ 224 400y

*256

00 55.0

01 05.7

+2338

6.0

5.6

STAR

6.0:6.4 O292

5.6:5.8 @159

ADS 755

ADS 899

ST 1980=0.6 @ 259

ST 1964 Yellow:pBlue

'257

+21 28

299

'258

"259

01 09.5

01 13.7

+47 15

+0735

230

4.6

5.6

STAR

4.6:5.5 @133

5.6:6.6 @063

ADS 940

ADS 996

ST 1980=0.5 @ 140

ST 1972 Yellow:pBlue

'260

01 39.8

-56 12

113

5.8

STAR

5.8:5.8 @193

p Eri

ST 1980=11.1 @195

*261

02 35.5

+8935

178

2.0

STAR

2.0:8.9 @216

ADS 1477

Polaris North Star

*262

'263

*264

"265

01 53.6

01 55.9

01 57.9

02 02.0

+19 18

+01 51

+2336

+0246

4.6

6.8

4.7

4.2

STAR

4.6:4.7 @000

6.8:6.8 O057

4.7:7.7 @047

4.2:5.2 @273

ADS 1507

ADS 1538

ADS 1563

ADS 1615

ST 1969 1831=8.6

ST 1980=1.2 @053

ST 1973 Yellow:Blue

385

pBlue:pGreen

"266

02 03.9

+4220

2.2

STAR

2.2:5.1 @063

ADS 1630

1967 Orange:Emerald

"267

"268

02 12.4

02 14.0

+30 18

+4729

5.3

6.6

STAR

5.3:6.9 @071

6.6:7.1 @274

ADS 1697

ADS 1709

1959 Yellow:Blue

1980=1.1 @266

*269

"270

02 29.1

02 37.0

+6725

+2439

383

4.6

6.6

STAR

4.6:6.9 @232

6.6:7.4 @276

ADS 1860

ADS 1982

ST 1980=2.4 @234

ST 1973 Yellow:pBlue

*271

02 43.3

+03 15

3.6

STAR

3.6:6.2 @297

ADS 2080

ST 1974 Yellow: Ashen

*272

*273

*274

*275

03 14.1

03 17.8

03 35.0

03 34.5

+00 11

+3838

+6002

+2428

8.8

7.8

6.8

6.6

STAR

8.8:8.8 @139

7.8:8.3 @259

6.8:7.6 @261

6.6:6.7 @002

ADS 241 6

ADS 2446

ADS 261 2

ADS 2616

ST 1980=1.0 @144

ST 1980=0.9 @265

ST 1980=1.3 @258

ST 1980=0.6 O006

*276

03 50.3

+2535

5.8

STAR

5.8:6.2 @211

ADS 2799

ST 1980=0.6 @207

"277

'278

*279

*280

03 54.3

04 09.9

04 07.5

04 16.0

-0257

+8042

+3805

+31 42

4.7

5.5

7.4

8.0

STAR

4.7:6.2 @347

5.5:6.3 O120

7.4:8.9 @353

8.0:8.1 @275

ADS 2850

ADS 2963

ADS 2995

ADS 3082

ST Fixed

ST 1980=0.8 @109

ST 1980=1.4 @003

ST 1980=0.8 O270

*281

*282

04 20.4

04 22.8

+2721

+1503

496

5.1

7.3

STAR

5.1:8.5 @496

ADS 31 37

ADS 31 69

ST 1973 Yel/Ora:Blue

ST Purple:Blue

7.3:8.5

@352

*283

*284

05 07.9

05 14.5

+0830

-08 12

5.8

0.2

STAR

5.8:6.5 O349

0.2:6.7 @206

ADS 3711

ADS 3823

ST 1980=0.7 @021

ST Rigel

*285

05 35.2

+0956

3.6

STAR

3.6:5.5 @044

ADS 41 79

ST 1959 Yellow: Purple

*286

05 35.3

-0523

132

5.1

STAR

5.4:6.8:6.8

ADS 41 86

ST Trapezium in M42

*287

*288

06 28.8

06 46.3

-0702

+5927

4.6

5.4

STAR

4.6:5.1:5.4

5.4:6.0 @074

ADS 51 07

ADS 5400

ST Fixed White Stars

ST 1980=1.7 @079

*289

*290

06 45.3

07 12.8

-1642

+27 14

-1.5

7.2

STAR

@005

7.2:7. @316

ADS 4523

ADS 5871

ST 1980=10.3 @049

ST 1980=1.3 @320 120y

*291

*292

07 30.3

07 34.6

+4959

8.8

1.9

STAR

8.8:8.8 @195

1.9:2.9 @073

ADS 6117

ADS 6175

ST 1980=0.8 @189

+31 53

ST 1980=2.2 @095 420y

*293

*294

08 12.2

0921.1

+1739

+38 11

5.6

6.5

STAR

5.6:6.0 @182

6.5:6.7 @271

ADS 6650

ADS 7307

ST Yellow:Yellow:Blue

ST 1980=1.1 @254

*295

10 16.3

+1744

7.2

STAR

7.2:7.5 @181

ADS 7704

ST 1980=1.4 @183

*296

1020.0

+1951

2.2

STAR

2.2:3.5 ©124

ADS 7724

ST 1980=4.3 @123

*297

*298

*299

*300

11 18.3

11 32.4

12 16.1

1224.4

+31 32

+61 05

+4039

+2535

115

4.3

5.8

5.9

6.8

STAR

4.3:4.8 @060

5.8:7.1 @295

5.9:9.0 @260

6.8:7.8 @325

ADS 8119

ADS 81 97

ADS 8489

ADS 8539

ST 1980=2.9 @105

ST 1980=0.4 @211

ST 1925 Gold:Blue

ST 1980=1.5 @326

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4 8

STAR Catalog (continued)

STAR#

*301

DEC

SIZE

MAG TYPE & DESCRIPTION

ALT NAME

Alpha Cru

Q TAGS

9ST

COMMON NAME/COMMENTS

1943 White:White

1226.6

-6306

1.6

STAR

1.6:2.1 @114

'302

*303 1241.7

*304

*305

1235.1

+1822

-01 28

+21 15

+5455

202

5.2

3.5

5.1

2.3

STAR

5.2:6. @271

3.5:3. @287

5.1:7. @194

2.3:4. @151

ADS 8600

ADS 8630

ADS 8695

ADS 8891

9 ST

9ST

1963 Yellow:vBlue

1980=3.9 @297 White

1980=0.8 @175

1967

1253.3

1323.9

144

*306

1349.1

+26 59

7.6

STAR

7.6:8. @167

ADS 9031

9ST

1980=3.4 @159

*307

*308

*309

*310

14 15.3

1420.4

1440.0

1441.2

+0308

+4830

-6051

7.8

8.1

0.0

4.5

STAR

7.8:7. @239

8.1:8. @105

0.0:1.2 @214

ADS 91 82

ADS 9229

Alpha Cen

ADS 9343

9ST

9 ST

1980=1.1 @252

1980=1.2 O104 White

1980=21.8 @209

197

+1344

@160

1980=1.1 @305 White

4.5:4.

*311

1445.0

+2704

2.5

STAR

2.5:5. @339

ADS 9372

9ST

1971 Orange:Green

*312

*313

*314

*315

1451.4

15 18.4

1523.2

+1906

+4456

+2650

+30 17

4.7

8.4

7.3

5.6

STAR

4.7:6. @326

8.4:8. @348

7.3:7. @255

5.6:5. @027

ADS 941 3

ADS 9418

ADS 9578

ADS 961 7

9ST

9 ST

9ST

Orange:Blue

1980=1.1 @346

1980=1.4 @250

1980=0.4 @321

*316

1524.5

+3720

7.0

STAR

7.0:7. @012

ADS 9626

9ST

1980=2.2 @016

*317 1534.8

+1032

+3638

-11 22

+3351

4.1

5.1

4.9

5.6

STAR

4.1:5. @179

5.1:6. @305

4.9:4. @044

5.6:6. @235

ADS 9701

ADS 9737

ADS 9909

ADS 9979

9 ST

9ST

1960 Yel-Whi:Ashen

1957

1980=1.2 @021

1980=6.7 @233

*318

*319

*320

1539.4

1 6 04.4

16 14.7

*321

1629.4

-2626

0.9v

STAR

0.9:5. @276

ADS 10074

9 ST

Antares Red:pGreen

*322

*323

*324

*325

1628.9

1630.9

1656.5

1705.4

+1824

+01 59

7.7

4.2

7.1

5.7

STAR

7.7:7. @129

4.2:5.2 @022

7.1:7. @069

5.7:5. @025

ADS 10075

ADS 10087

ADS 10279

ADS 10345

9ST

9 ST

1980=1.4 @136

1980=1.3 @ 013

1980=1.3 @069

1980=1.9 @042

+6502

+5428

*326

17 15.4

-2635

5.1

STAR

5.1:5.1 @151

ADS 10417

9 ST

Orange:0range

*327

*328

17 14.7

1723.7

+1424

+3708

3.2

4.6

STAR

3.2:5. @107

4.6:5. @316

ADS 10418

ADS 10526

9ST

1968 Yellow:Blue

1964

*329 1801.5

+21 36

-08 11

5.1

5.2

STAR

5.1:5. @258

5.2:5.

ADS 10993

ADS 11005

9 ST

9ST

1953 Yellow:pRed

1980=1.9 @277

*330

1803.1

@280

*331

1805.3

+0232

4.2

STAR

4.2:6. @220

ADS 11046

9ST

Yel-Ora:0ra

*332

*333

*334

*335

1825.0

1835.8

1844.4

+2724

+1658

+3940

+3936

6.5

6.8

5.0

5.2

STAR

6.5:7. @126

6.8:7. @155

5.0:6.1 @353

5.2:5. @080

ADS 11334

ADS 11483

ADS 11635

9 ST

9ST

1980=0.7 @129

1980=1.6 @161

1980=2.7 @355 White

1980=2.3 O084 White

*336

1857.1

+3254

5.4

STAR

5.4:7. @021

ADS 11871

9ST

1980=1.1 @051

*337

*338

*339

*340

1906.4

1926.5

1930.7

1945.5

-3703

+27 19

+2758

+3337

4.8

8.1

3.2

8.3

STAR

4.8:5.1 @109

8.1:8. @292

3.2:5. @054

8.3:8. @349

Gamma CrA

ADS 12447

ADS 12540

ADS 12889

9ST

9 ST

1980=1.5 @157

1980=1.8 @293

1967 Gold:Blue

1980=2.0 @357

344

*341

2021.0

-1446

2050

3.1

STAR

3.1:6. @267

Beta Cap

9ST

Yellow:Blue

*342

*343

20 46.6

20 47.5

+1608

+3629

4.3

4.9

STAR

4.3:5. @268

4.9:6.1 @011

ADS 14279

ADS 14296

9ST

1967 Gold:Blue-Gre

White:pBlue

*344

*345

20 59.1

21 02.3

+04 18

+07 11

6.0

7.3

STAR

6.0:6. @285

7.3:7. @217

ADS 14499

ADS 14556

9ST

1980=1.1 @286

1961

*346

*347

21 06.7

22 28.8

+3842

+00 15

297

5.2

4.3

STAR

5.2:6. @148

4.3:4. @207

ADS 14636

ADS 15971

9ST

9 ST

1980=29.0 ©146

pYellow:pBlue

*348

*349

*350

22 28.2

22 33.0

23 34.0

+5742

+6955

+31 20

9.8

6.5

5.6

STAR

9.8:11. O132

6.5:7. @094

5.6:5. @280

ADS 15972

ADS 16057

ADS 16836

9ST

1980=2.6 @176 Reds

1980=0.5 @086

1980=0.4 @267

*351

-8858

STAR VAR 5.3-5.7 FOIII

21 12.3

5.5

Sigma Oct

8 ST

S-Pole * Sigma Oct

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4. M (Messier) Catalog

SIZE

MAG

TYPE & DESCRIPTION

DEC

+2201

0050

ALT NAME

CNGC 1952

GLOBCLUS sp=F4 GLOB CLUS CNGC 7089

sp=F7 GLOB CLUS sp=GO GLOB CNGC 5272

Q TAGS COMMON NAME/COMMENTS

M 1 M 05 34.5

2 M 3 21 33.5

M 4 M 1342.3

360 774 8.4 6.5v PLAN NEB EMIS SN REM

972 1578 6.4v

+2823 - 1044

2631

B 4 S T

C 2 S T

B 2 S T

B2 ST

M1 Crab Nebula 4kly M2 40kly M3

35kly M4 14kly M5 26kly

5.9v

5.8v

1623.7

15 18.6

CLUS sp=F6

CNGC 6121

CNGC 5904

+0205

M 6

M 7

1740.1

1754.0

-32 13 - 900 4800 4.2v

OPEN CLUS sp=B4 OPEN CLUS CNGC 6405

C 1 ST C M6 1500ly M7 SOOly

1 ST

3449

3.3v

sp=B5

CNGC 6475

M 8

M 9

M 10 1657.1

1803.2

17 19.2

-2423

-1831

-0407

5400

5.2

OPEN CLUS + ENEB sp=O5

CNGC 6523

B 6 S T

M8 Lagoon Nebula 5100ly

558

906

7.9v

6.6v

GLOB CLUS

GLOBCLUS sp=G1

CNGC 6333

CNGC 6254

D 2 ST

D 2 S T

M10 20kly

M 11 1851.1

-06 16

840

5.8v

OPEN CLUS sp=B8

CNGC 6705

C 1 ST

M11 Very rich 5600ly

M 12 1647.2

M 13 1641.7

M 14 1737.6

M 15 21 30.0

-01 57

+3627

-03 17

+12 10

870

996

702

738

6.6v

5.9v

7.6v

6.4v

GLOB CLUS sp=F8

GLOB CLUS sp=F6

GLOB CLUS

CNGC 6218

CNGC 6205

CNGC 6402

CNGC 7078

D 2 S T

B 2 S T

D 2 S T

C 2 S T

M12 24kly

M13 Hercules Globular

M14

M15 X-Ray Source 34kly

GLOBCLUS sp=F2

M 16 18 18.8

M 17 1820.8

-1347

-16 11

2100

2760

6.0v

OPEN CLUS + ENEB sp=O7

DIFF ENEB + OPEN CLUS Hll

CNGC 6611

CNGC 661 8

D6 ST

B 6 S T

M16 Eagle Nebula 5500ly

M17 Omega/Swan/Horseshoe

M 18 1820.0

M 19 1702.6

-1708

-26 15

540

810

6.9v

7.2v

OPEN CLUS

GLOBCLUS OBLATE

CNGC 661 3

CNGC 6273

D 1 ST

D 2 S T

M18

M19 Oblate Shape Globular

M20

1802.3

-2302

1740

6.3v

DIFF ENEB + OPEN CLUS Hll

CNGC 6514

B 6 S T

M20 Trifid Nebula 3500ly

M21

1804.6

-2230

780

5.9v

OPEN CLUS

CNGC 6531

D 1 ST

M21

M22

M23

M24

1836.3

1757.0

1820.0

-2356

-1901

-1826

-19 14

1440

1620

4800

2400

5.1v

5.5v

4.7

GLOB CLUS sp=F7 , ,

OPEN CLUS sp=B8

OPEN CLUS

CNGC 6656

CNGC 6494

CNGC 6630

CNGC 6634

C 2 S T

D 1 ST

M22 10kly

M23 1400ly

c 1

M24 Best with large field

M25 1C 4725 Sparse Cluster

M 25 1833.5

6.5

OPEN CLUS SPARSE

M26

M27

1845.4

-0924

900

910

8.0v

7.6p

OPEN CLUS

PLAN NEB

CNGC 6694

CNGC 6853

D 1 ST

B 4 S T

M26

1959.6

1824.6

20 23.9 +3832

+2243

-2452

M27 Dumbbell Nebula 3500ly

M28

M29

M30

672

420

660

6.9v

6.6v

7.5v

GLOB CLUS

OPEN CLUS

GLOB CLUS

CNGC 6626

CNGC 6913

CNGC 7099

D 2 S T

D 1 ST

D2S

M28

M29

M30

21 40.3

-23 11

M31

00 42.8

+41 17

10680

456

3.5

8.2

GALAXY Sb l-ll

GALAXY E2

UGC 454

UGC 452

B 5 S T

C 5 S T

M31 Andromeda Gal 178x63

M32 Comp of M31 7.6x5.8

M32

M33

00 42.8

01 33.9

+4053

+3040

3720

2100

1680

5.7

5.2v

5.1v

GALAXY Sc ll-lll

OPEN CLUS

OPEN CLUS sp=B5

UGC 1117

CNGC 1039

CNGC 2168

C 5 S T

C 1 ST

M33 Triangulum Gal 62x39

M34

M35 2800ly

M 34 02 42.0 +4247

M35

06 08.9

+2421

+3408

+3233

M36

05 36.2

720

6.0v

5.6v

OPEN CLUS

CNGC 1960

CNGC 2099

C 1 ST

M36

M37

M38

M39

05 52.4

05 28.7

21 32.2

1440

OPEN CLUS sp=B8

M37 4200ly

+3551

+4826

+2559

1260

1920

972

6.4v

4.6v

9.6

OPEN CLUS sp=B5

OPEN CLUS

GALAXY Sb I: + 3-SYS FNT

CNGC 1912

CNGC 7092

UGC 7772

C1 ST

D 1 ST

BAST

M38 4600ly

M39

M40 16.2x2.8 Edge-On Lane

M 40 1236.4

M41

M42

0647.1

-2045

2280

4.5v

OPEN CLUS sp=B4

CNGC 2287

C 1 ST

M41 2200ly

05 35.3 -0523

3960

1200

3.9

5.8

DIFF RNEB + ENEB

DIFFRNEB + ENEB

CNGC 1976

CNGC 1982

A 3 S T

C3ST

M42 Orion Nebula Blue+Red

M43 Orion Nebula Extension

M 43 05 35.5

-05 16

+19 59

+2407

M44

M45

08 40.1

0347.1

5700

7200

3.1v

1.6

OPEN CLUS sp=AO

CNGC 2632

CNGC 1457

C1 ST

c 6 S T

M44 Praesepe/Beehive 590ly

M45 Pleiades 410ly

OPEN CLUS + RNEB sp=B6

M46

M47

07 41 .9

-1449

1620

6.1v

4.4v

OPEN CLUS sp=B8

CNGC 2437

CNGC 2422

C 1 ST

D 1 ST

M46 5400ly (+CNGC 2438 PN)

07 36.6 -1429

1800

OPEN CLUS sp=B3

M47 1600ly

M48

M49

08 13.7

1229.8

-0547

+0800

-0820

3240

534

5.8v

8.4

5.9v

OPEN CLUS

GALAXY E4

CNGC 2548

UGC 7629

D 1 ST

C 5 S T

M48

M49 8.9x7.4

M50

07 02.9

960

OPEN CLUS

CNGC 2323

D 1 ST

M50

M51

1330.0

+47 11

660

8.4

GALAXY Sc I 2-SYS FACE

UGC 8493

BAST

M51 11.0x7.8 Whirlpool Gal

M52

M53

M54

M55

23 24.2

13 13.0

1855.2

1940.1

+61 36

+18 10

780

756

546

1140

6.9v

7.7v

7.0

OPEN CLUS

GLOB CLUS

CNGC 7654

CNGC 5024

CNGC 67.1 5

CNGC 6809

D 1 ST

D 2 S T

D2 ST

M52

M53

-3028

-3056

GLOB CLUS

GLOB CLUS sp=F5

M54

M55 20kly

M 56 19 16.6

M57

M 58 12 37.8

M59 1242.1

M 60 1243.7

+30 10

+3302

426

150

8.3v

9.7p

GLOB CLUS

CNGC 6779

CNGC 6720

D 2ST

B4ST

M56

1853.5

PLAN NEB RING-LIKE

M57 Ring Nebula 5kly

+11 49

+11 38

+11 33

324

306

432

9.8

8.8

GALAXY Sb

GALAXY E3

GALAXY E1

UGC 7796

UGC 7858

UGC 7898

C 5 S T

D 5 S T

M58 5.4x4.4 Near CNGC 4621

M59 5.1x3.4 Near CNGC 4579

M60 7.2x6.2 Near CNGC 4621

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5 0

M (Messier) Catalog (continued)

SIZE

360

MAG

9.7

TYPE & DESCRIPTION

GALAXY Sc I 2-SYS

DEC

+0428

ALT NAME

Q TAGS COMMON NAME/COMMENTS

M 61 1222.0

UGC 7420

D A S T

M61 6.0x5.5 Face-On

M62

1701.3

-3007

846

6.6v

GLOBCLUS OBLATE

CNGC 6266

D 2 S T

M62 Non-symmetrical

M 63

M64

13 15.8

1256.7

+42 02

+21 41

738

558

8.6

8.5

GALAXY Sb+ II

GALAXY Sb-

UGC 8334

UGC 8062

C 5 S T

M63 12.3x7.6 Sunflower Gal

M64 9.3x5.4 Black Eye Gal

M65

11 18.9

+1305

600

522

1800

9.3

GALAXY Sb II:

UGC 6328

UGC 6346

CNGC 2682

C 5 S T

D 1 ST

M65 10.0x3.3 Near M66

M66 8.7x4.4 Near M65

M67 Very old 2700ly

M 66 11 20.2 +1259

9.0

GALAXY Sb+ II:

OPEN CLUS sp=F2

M 67 0851.1

M 68 1239.4

M 69 18 31.4 -3221

+11 49

6.9v

-2646

720

426

468

8.2v

7.7v

8.1v

GLOB CLUS

CNGC 4590

CNGC 6637

CNGC 6681

D 2 S T

D2 ST

M68

M69

M70

M 70 1843.2

-32 18

M71

1953.7

20 53.5

+1847

-1233

432

8.3v

GLOB CLUS

CNGC 6838

D2 ST

M71

M72

M73

354

168

9.4v

8.9p

GLOB CLUS

OPEN CLUS

CNGC 6981

CNGC 6994

D 2 S T

D 1 ST

M72

M73

20 59.0 -1237

M 74 01 36.7 +1547

612

360

9.2

8.6v

GALAXY Sc I

GLOB CLUS

UGC 1149

CNGC 6864

D 5 S T

D 2 S T

M74 10.2x9.5

M75

20 06.2

-21 55

M 76 01 42.0

M 77 02 42.7

+51 34

290

414

12.2

8.8

PLAN NEB PART OF 0651

GALAXY Sbp SEYFERT

CNGC 0650

UGC 21 88

C 4 S T

D5 ST

M76 Little Dumbbell Nebula

M77 6.9x5.9 Seyfert Galaxy

-0001

M 78 05 46.8 +0003

480

522

534

11.3

8.0v

7.2v

DIFFRNEB

GLOB CLUS

CNGC 2068

CNGC 1904

CNGC 6093

C 3 S T

D2 ST

D 2 S T

M78 Blue 1500ly

M79

M80

M79

05 24.2 -2431

16 17.1 -2300

'••-.••

M 80

M 81 09 55.7 +6904

1542

672

6.9

8.4

GALAXY Sb l-ll

CNGC 3031

UGC 5322

C 5 S T

M81 25.7x14.1 NearM82

M82 11.2x4.6 Exploding

M82

09 55.9

+6941

GALAXY P EDGE-ON

M83

M84

M 85 1225.5

1337.1

1225.1

-2951

+1253

+18 11

672

300

426

8.2

9.3

9.2

GALAXY Sc l-ll FACE-ON

GALAXY E1

GALAXY Ep 2-SYS

CNGC 5236

UGC 7494

UGC 7508

B 5 S T

C 5 S T

C A S T

M83 11.2x10.2

M84 5.0x4.4 Near M86

M85 7.1x5.2

M 86 1226.3

+1256

444

9.2

GALAXY E3

UGC 7532

C 5 S T

M86 7.4x5.5

M87

M88

M89

M90

1230.9

1232.1

1235.7

1236.9

+1223

+1425

+1233

+1309

432

414

252

570

8.6

9.5

9.8

9.5

GALAXY E1 + EO 2-SYS

UGC 7654

UGC 7675

UGC 7760

UGC 7786

DAST

D 5 S T

C 5 S T

M87 7.2x6.8 + CNGC 4471

M88 6.9x3.9

M89 4.2x4.2

GALAXY Sb+ I MULTI-ARM

GALAXY EO

GALAXY Sb+

M90 9.5x4.7

M91

1235.5

17 17.2

+1429

+4309

324

672

10.2

6.5v

GALAXY SBb + Sc 2-SYS

GLOB CLUS sp=F1

UGC 7753

DAST

D2 ST

M91 5.4x4.4 Near CNGC 4571

M92 X-Ray Source 26kly

M 92

M93

M 94 1250.9

CNGC 6341

07 44.6 -2352

1320

660

6.2v

8.2

OPEN CLUS + DNEB

GALAXY Sb-p II:

CNGC 2447

UGC 7996

D 6 S T

C 5 S T

M93 Includes dark nebula

M94 11.0x9.1

+41 08

M95

1043.9

+11 42

444

9.7

GALAXY S(B)b II

UGC 5850

C 5 S T

M95 7.4x5.1 Near M96

M96

1046.7

+11 49

426

9.2

GALAXY Sbp

UGC 5882

C 5 S T

M96 7.1x5.1 NearM95

M 97

M 98

M99

11 14.8

12 13.9

12 18.9

+5502

+1454

+1425

+1549

194

570

324

414

12.0p

10.1

9.8

PLAN NEB

CNGC 3587

UGC 7231

UGC 7345

UGC 7450

C 4 S T

D A S T

D 5 S T

M97 Owl Nebula 12kly

M98 9.5x3.2

M99 5.4x4.8

GALAXY Sb l-ll: 3-SYS

GALAXY Scl NEAR FACE-ON

GALAXY Sc I FACE-ON

M100 1223.0

9.4

M100 6.9x6.2 Brite Nucleus

M101

14 03.3

+5421

+5545

1614

312

7.7

GALAXY Sc I FACE-ON

GALAXY E6p 2-SYS

UGC 8981

UGC 9723

C5S

M101 26.9x26.3 Pinwheel

M102 5.2x2.3

M102 1506.5

10.0

D A S T

M103 01 33.3

M104 1239.9

M105 1047.8

+6043

-11 38

+1235

360

534

270

7.4v

8.3

OPEN CLUS

GALAXY Sb-

CNGC 0581

CNGC 4594

UGC 5902

D 1 ST

C 5 S T

C A S T

M103

M104 8.9x4.1 "Sombrero"

9.3

GALAXY E1 2-SYS

M105 4.5x4.0

M106 12 19.0

+47 18

1092

8.3

GALAXY Sb+p

UGC 7353

C 5 S T

M106 18.2x7.9

M107 1632.5

M108 11 11.6

M109 11 57.6 +5322

M110 00 40.4

-1302

+5541

600

498

456

8.1v

10.1

9.8

GLOBCLUS

GALAXY Sc NEAR EDGE-ON

GALAXY S(B)b+ I

CNGC 6171

UGC 6225

UGC 6937

D2 ST

C 5 S T

D 5 S T

M107

M108 8.3x2.5 Near M97

M109 7.6x4.9

+41 42

1044

8.0

GALAXY E6:

UGC 426

C 5 S T

M110 CompofM31 17.4x9.8

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some small particles on the inside or outside of telescope optics.

Should the optics get more dust on them than you would care for,

simply use a photographic grade camel hair brush with very gentle

strokes. You can also blow off dust with an ear syringe (available

from a local pharmacy).

APPENDIX E: MAINTAINING YOUR LX200

1. Keeping Your Telescope Clean

Prevention is the best recommendation that a telescope owner

can follow to keep astronomical equipment in top working order.

Proper measures taken during observation and when storing

equipment between observing runs can add many years of trouble

free use.

There is a point, however, when the optics must be cleaned. This

is when you can easily tell that there is

thin layer of fine

particulates that make the optics look very slightly hazy. To clean

the optics we must suggest that you make your own lens cleaning

solutions, since it is impossible to know all of the ingredients used

in commercial lens cleaners. Pure isopropyl alcohol (90% or better)

will clean most residual film build-up on optical surfaces (and metal

surfaces too).

Dust and moisture are the two main enemies to your instrument.

When observing, it is advisable to use a proper fitting dew shield.

The dew shield not only prevents dew from forming, and dust from

settling on the corrector plate lens, it prevents stray light from

reducing image contrast.

Organic materials (e.g., fingerprints) on the front lens may be

removed with a solution of 3 parts distilled water to 1 part isopropyl

alcohol. A single drop of biodegradable dishwashing soap may be

added per pint of solution. Use soft, white facial tissues and make

short, gentle strokes. Change tissues often.

Although dew shields go a long way to prevent moisture buildup,

there can be times when the telescope optics will have a uniform

coating of moist dew. This is not particularly harmful, as long as

the instrument is allowed to let the dew evaporate. This can be

done with a hair dryer, or just setting up the telescope indoors with

the dust covers removed. It is also advisable that you let the foam

lined case for the LX200 dry out indoors for a day if the night was

moist. Packing your telescope away in a moist case can result in

giving it a steam bath later.

Sprayer bottles are a convenient dispenser of lens cleaning

solutions onto the tissues. Use soft, white facial tissues and make

short, gentle strokes. Change tissues often. If the optics are small

(such as viewfinders or eyepieces), the tissue can be rolled to the

appropriate thickness and then broken in half to create two

cleaning wands. It is advised that you avoid many of the so-called

lens cleaning papers (many which contain fiberglass), lens cloths,

or chamois.

Before attempting to clean an optical surface with a liquid solution,

it is very important that as much dust as possible is removed by

using forced air and/or gentle strokes with a photographic grade

camel hair brush. The forced air can come from a rubber ear

syringe, or canned compressed air from a photographic supply

store. Be sure to hold the canned air in a vertical position and try

spraying compressed air on your hand before aiming at the optics

to see if any of the propellent (solid material) comes out. Propellant

is very difficult to remove from optics, so take care not to tip the

can when using it. If you have access to a compressor hose, be

sure that it is filtered to prevent oil from being sprayed on the

optics.

If you live in a very moist climate, you may find it necessary to use

silica desiccant stored in the telescope's case to ward off moisture

and the possibility of fungus growing on and within the coatings of

the optics. Replace the desiccant as often as necessary.

Those living in coastal areas or tropic zones should also cover the

electronic ports on the power panel and the keypad with gaffers

tape to reduce corrosion on the metal contacts. Apply a dab of a

water displacement solution (i.e. WD-40) with a small brush on all

interior metal contacts and the input cord metal contacts. The

keypad and all separate accessories should be kept in sealable

plastic bags with silica desiccant.

Once you are confident that you have removed most of the dust

and large particles, begin cleaning with the mixture described

above. Pour or spray enough solution onto a pillow or wand of

tissue until it is quite wet. If you are cleaning a corrector plate, use

radial strokes with a smooth pillow of tissue, starting from the

center out, using no pressure. If you are cleaning small optical

surfaces, use the rolled wands of tissue starting from the edges

then spiraling in to the center, again using no pressure. Never pour

or spray the solution onto the corrector plate or eyepieces

themselves, as the liquid may go behind or in between lenses,

where it is difficult or impossible to reach. Never attempt to

disassemble an eyepiece to clean the inner elements, as you will

certainly not be able to properly center and re-assemble the

optical train.

A thick layer of dust will attract and absorb moisture on all

exposed surfaces. Left unattended, it can cause damaging

corrosion. To keep dust at bay when observing, the telescope can

be set up on a small section of indoor/outdoor carpet. If you are

observing for more than one night in a row, the telescope can be

left set up but covered with a large plastic bag (such as the one

supplied with the telescope). The rear cell opening of the LX200

can also be sealed off to the elements by threading on the optional

accessory Skylight 1A Dust Seal. Eyepieces, diagonals, and other

accessories are best kept in plastic bags and stored in cases,

such as the Meade #50 Accessory Case.

Use dry tissue to make the final clean up, again using no pressure.

If there is still some sort of residue, repeat the procedure using the

three part formula described above, again using the same

cleaning techniques.

All of the non optical surfaces of the LX200 should be cleaned

routinely with a soft rag and alcohol to prevent corrosion. The cast

metal surfaces and the individual exposed screws can also be kept

looking new and corrosion free by wiping them down with a water

displacement solution. Take care not to smear the solution onto

any optical surface, and to wipe up any excess solution with a

clean dry cloth. The painted tube can be polished with a liquid car

polish and a soft rag.

The inside surface of the corrector plate and secondary mirror

may at some point become dirty due to particles falling inside the

tube when removing or replacing the rear dust cover or threading

on accessories. To reduce the chance of interior contamination,

the Meade Skylight 1A Dust Seal is very effective. If the Dust Seal

is not used, it helps to have the rear cell pointed downward when

replacing the rear dust cover or attaching accessories.

Surprisingly, the most common telescope maintenance

error is cleaning the optics too often. A little dust on any of

the optical surfaces causes virtually zero degradation of optical

performance. It should be of no concern whatsoever to see

Another more serious, but not damaging problem is the possibility

of a hazy (usually uneven) film building up on the inside of the

corrector plate. This can be caused by

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environmental pollutants, or temperature changes reacting with

the interior paint, causing outgassing or water condensation, or

combinations thereof.

2. Collimation of the Optical System

The optical Collimation (alignment) of any astronomical

telescope used for serious purposes is important, but in cases of

the Schmidt-Cassegrain design of the 8", 10", and 12" LX200,

such Collimation is absolutely essential for good performance.

Take special care to read and understand this section well so that

your LX200 will give you the best optical performance.

It is possible to clean the interior of the optical system yourself or

to have it done professionally. In the case of the former, take great

care in handling the optics. Any impact or rough handling can

damage the surfaces, which may require complete optical

replacement at Meade Instruments at substantial cost. Meade

Instruments assumes no liability for damage incurred to the

telescope by the customer.

NOTE: The 7" LX200 does not require Collimation.

For final optical tests, every Meade Schmidt-Cassegrain is

precisely collimated at the factory before shipment. Our company

is well aware that through shipment and normal handling, the

optical alignment can be degraded. The design of the optical

support system make the method of Collimation easy to do. Even

the uninitiated can make an alignment of the optics to the same

high precision that is performed at the Meade Instruments Optical

Laboratories.

The cleaning techniques described above are used while cleaning

the interior of the optical system, with one exception: Do not

apply cleaning solutions to the front surface mirrored

optics. Only use the soft camel hair brush and the suggested

ear syringe for removing particles. The corrector plate can be

cleaned in the normal manner.

To remove the corrector plate, follow the instructions below:

To check the Collimation of your LX200, center a bright star that is

overhead, or use a reflected "hot spot" of reflected sunlight from a

chrome car bumper or a telephone pole insulator, with the supplied

26mm eyepiece. To make a correct evaluation of the alignment it

helps if the telescope has been allowed to either cool down or

warm up to the ambient temperature where the instrument is set

up. Temperature differences between the optics and the outside

air can cause distortion in the images.

Remove the six (8" and 12" models) or the eight (10" model)

stainless steel screws that hold the corrector plate retaining

ring with the raised white lettering in place. This should be

done with the Drive Base placed flat on a work bench, and

the optical tube assembly pointed up at a 45-degree angle

with the declination lock secure to prevent accidental

dislodging of the corrector plate.

Remove the plastic retaining ring and locate the two white

alignment marks, one at the edge of the corrector plate lens

and one beside it on the black metal front cell. These two

marks line up and serve as the precise rotational position of

the corrector plate in the optical train. If no marks exist, make

them yourself with a small paintbrush and some white paint,

so that when you return the corrector plate to the front cell

you are putting it back in the same position that you took it

off.

With the star or hot spot centered, de-focus the image. You will

notice that the out of focus star image looks like a ring of light (the

dark center of the ring is the shadow of the secondary mirror). Turn

the focus knob until the ring of light fills about 1/8th of the eyepiece

field. Take note that if you keep de-focusing the star past about

1/8th of a field, that the ring will look perfectly concentric (even on

all sides) even if the optics are out of alignment, thus preventing

you from seeing any misalignments. If the ring of light does not

seem to be even on all sides, or if the dark center seems to be

offset in the in the ring of light, follow the method below:

Remove the corrector plate from the telescope, holding it by

the plastic central secondary housing. Gently flip it over so

that the secondary mirror is facing you, then reinsert the

corrector plate back into the front cell. This will allow you full

access to clean the interior optical surfaces without touching

them with your fingers.

To make Collimation easy, the only adjustments possible on

the 8", 10", and 12" LX200 come from the three set screws (1,

2, and 3, Fig.26) located at the edge of the outer surface of

the secondary mirror housing.

When cleaning is complete, replace the corrector plate in it's

original position, carefully lining up the rotational index

marks described in paragraph b, above. Then replace the

retainer. Partially thread in all of the stainless steel screws,

then, one at a time, snug the screws down to prevent the

corrector plate from rotating in the front cell. Take care not to

overtighten the screws as it will stress the corrector plate

lens.

A final check of the optical system is to inspect for proper

Collimation (alignment) of the optics.

While looking at the de-focused star image and noticing

which direction the darker shadow is offset in the ring of light

or noticing which part of the ring is the thinnest (1, Fig. 27),

place your index finger in front of the telescope so that it

touches one of the Collimation set screws. You will see the

shadow of your finger in the ring of light. Move your finger (or

an assistants finger) around the edge of the black plastic

secondary mirror support until you see the shadow of the

finger crossing the thinnest part of the ring of light. At this

point, look at the front of the telescope where your (or your

assistants) finger is aiming. It will either be pointing directly

at a set screw, or it will be between two set screws aiming at

the set screw on the far side of the black plastic secondary

mirror support. This is the set screw that you will adjust.

Using the telescope's slow motion controls, move the de-

focused image to the edge of the eyepiece field of view (2,

Fig. 27), in the same direction as the darker shadow is offset

in the ring of light.

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d. Turn the set screw that you found with the pointing exercise

while looking in the eyepiece. You will notice that the star

image will move across the field. If while turning, the out-of-

focus star image flies out of the eyepiece field, then you are

turning the screw the wrong way. Turn the opposite direction

and bring the image to the center of the field.

standard 1.0 amp slow-blow fuse (2, Fig. 28). The long-life lithium

battery (Panasonic CR2032 3 vDC or Duracell DL2032B) is

stored behind the front panel of the Drive Base. The battery does

have to be changed every few years, and is done by unthreading

the four phillips-head screws that secure the Front Panel to the

Drive Base. Then with a thin flat-head screw driver, lift the small

coin-size battery out of its holder. The new battery simply slides in

place.

e. If while turning, you feel the screw get very loose, tighten the

other two screws by even amounts. If while turning, the set

screw gets too tight, unthread the other two by even

amounts.

The 1.0 amp slow-blow fuse will sacrifice itself to protect the

LX200 electronics in the event that the telescope is prevented from

completing a GO TO function (e.g., the tube runs into something

that keeps it from slewing).

When you bring the image to center (3, Fig. 27), carefully

examine the evenness of the ring of light (concentricity). If

you find that the dark center is still off in the same direction,

continue to make the adjustment in the original turning

direction. If it is now off in the opposite direction, you have

turned too far and you need to turn in the opposite direction.

Always double check the image in the center of the field of

the eyepiece.

g. You may find after your initial adjustment that the dark center

is off in a new direction (e.g., instead of side-to-side, it is off

in an up-and-down direction). If this is the case follow steps

b through f as described above to find the new adjustment

screw.

Now try a higher power (e.g., 9mm or less) eyepiece and

repeat the above tests. Any lack of Collimation at this point

will require only very slight adjustments of the 3 set screws.

You now have a good Collimation.

5. Factory Servicing and Repairs

Meade LX200 models have been designed and manufactured for

years of trouble-free operation and repairs should rarely be

As a final check on alignment, examine the star image in-

focus with the higher power eyepiece as suggested above,

under good seeing conditions (e.g., steady atmospheric

conditions). The star point should appear as a small central

necessary. If

problem does occur, first write or call our

Customer Service Department. Do not return the telescope until

you have communicated with us in this way, since the great

majority of problems can be handled without the return of the

telescope to us. However, should the occasion arise that the

dot (the so-called "Airy disc") with

surrounding it. To give a final precision Collimation, make

extremely slight adjustments of the set screws, if

diffraction ring

instrument requires factory servicing,

Customer Service Representative will issue

Meade Instruments

Return Goods

necessary, to center the Airy disc in the diffraction ring. You

now have the best alignment of the optics possible.

Authorization (RGA) number and give you full instructions on how

to use it. Product returned without the RGA number may greatly

delay any servicing or repairs. When telephoning or writing, please

explain the exact nature of the problem so that we may offer a

prompt remedial procedure. Be sure to include your full name,

address, phone and fax numbers where you can be reached.

3. Right Ascension Lock

After a period of time, it is possible that the R.A. lock (7, Fig. 1) of

the LX200 will not tighten sufficiently due to internal wear of the

clutch mechanism. In such an event, remove the R.A. lock lever

using one of the hex wrenches supplied with the telescope. Then,

with a pair of pliers, tighten the shaft protruding outward from the

drive base until you cannot easily rotate the fork arm in R.A. (Take

care in this operation not to damage the cosmetic finish of your

LX200). Replace the R.A. lock lever so that the handle points

straight out from the crossbar connecting the fork arm.

Should you live outside of the United States, contact your

Authorized Meade Distributor.

You can reach the Meade Instruments Customer Service

Department either by mail, phone, or fax at: Meade Instruments

Corporation, 6001 Oak Canyon, Irvine, CA 92620-4205,

telephone (949) 451-1450, or fax (949) 451-1460. Outside of the

U.S.A., dial your International Access Code, then 1, then the ten

digit number above in the 949 area code. Customer Service hours

are 8:30 AM to 4:30 PM, Pacific Time, Monday through Friday.

4. Behind the Power Panel

The LX200 power panel houses the back-up replaceable battery

(1, Fig. 28) for the clock and calendar and a replaceable

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5 4

APPENDIX F: LX200

PERSONAL COMPUTER CONTROL

Remote operation of a computerized telescope has only been a

fanciful dream for most amateur astronomers. The realization of

fully controlling a telescope through a personal computer has

previously been

staggering proposition involving high

monetary cost and expert knowledge of software and hardware.

The LX200's internal software supports the RS-232 interface,

requiring only a serial communication program such as Procomm.

With a serial communication program, you can use the individual

commands from the LX200 Command Set to simulate keypad

control functions of the LX200. Every LX200 command and mode

is available to explore the Object Library, to adjust slewing speeds,

or to adjust focus with the optional #1206 Electric Focuser, just to

name a few, with a simple RS-232 line connection to virtually any

computer.

If you are not a professional programmer, but wish to explore

remote operation of the LX200 with your computer, there are after-

market software programs available specifically for the LX200,

including AstroSearch from Meade Instruments Corp.

10 CLS

What follows is a schematic for constructing your own RS-232

cable, a program to test the RS-232 communication line called

LX200 TEST, the LX200 Command Set, and LX200 DEMO, which

is a program that you can enter into your computer to access the

Object Library, slew to the object, and center the image.

20 DEFINTA-X

30 OPEN "COM1:9600,N,8,1,CDO,CSO,DSO,RS," FOR RANDOM

AS #1

50 key1$ = INKEY$: IF key1$ = "" THEN GO TO 50

60 REM KEY1S

70 IF key1$ = CHR$(119) THEN GOSUB 200: REM "w" key

80 IF key1$ = CHR$(101) THEN GOSUB 200: REM "e" key

90 IF key1$ = CHR$(110) THEN GOSUB 200: REM "n" key

100 IF key1$ = CHR$(115) THEN GOSUB 200: REM "s" key

105 IF key1$ = "x" THEN END: REM To exit test.

110 GO TO 50

1. RS-232 Cable

The input hardware uses

standard 6-line telephone jack

connector, pre-attached to a 6-conductor flat line telephone style

cable (of any length, up to 100' and perhaps even more, depending

on the gauge of the cable). You will also need either a 9-pin or 25-

pin RS-232 connector, whichever your computer uses for the

serial port. All of the above items are available at most electronics

hardware stores.

120 END

200 REM directions

210 REM west

Fig. 29 shows the LX200 pinouts for the 6-line telephone

connector. The table below shows standard IBM compatible DB-9

and DB-25 serial port pin outs,** and how they should be

connected to the LX200 6-line modular connector.

220 IFkey1$ = "w"THENa$ = "#:Mw#": PRINT #1, a$: REM GO west

230 REM east

240 IFkey1$ = "e" THEN a$ = "#:Me#": PRINT #1, a$: REM GO east

250 REM north

260 IF key1$ = "n" THEN a$ = "#:Mn#": PRINT #1, a$: REM GO north

270 REM south:

NOTE: Only 3 wires are required.

280 IFkey1$ = "s"THENa$ = "#:Ms#": PRINT #1,a$: REM GO south

290key1$ = INKEY$:

2. LX200 Test Program

Once you have the RS-232 cable constructed you will want to test

the cable. Below is a simple program called "LX200 TEST" that is

written in GW Basic programming language and will work with

virtually any IBM compatible computer. LX200 TEST is an

effective program to fully check the RS-232 line communications

from your personal computer to the LX200, allowing you to

concentrate on de-bugging your RS-232 cable.

300 IF key1$ = CHR$(32) THEN GO TO 400 ELSE GO TO 200

400 REM This stops motion (by hitting SPACE bar).

410 B$ = "#:Qe#": PRINT #1, BS

420 B$ = "#:Qw#": PRINT #1, B$

430 B$ = "#:Qn#": PRINT #1, BS

440 B$ = "#:Qs#": PRINT #1, B$

450 RETURN

To enter the following program, first load BASIC or GWBASIC

(whichever your computer system uses), then type in the

following program. When complete, be sure to save the program

as "LX200TST.BAS."

460 END

To use the above program, connect the completed cable to your

PC serial port and to the LX200 RS-232 Port. Load BASIC (or

GWBASIC), if not already loaded, and run "LX200TST.BAS."

Nothing will appear on the computer screen. Press any one of the

N, S, E, or W (lower case) keys on your

LX200 RS-232 CONNECTOR

PIN OUT CODE LEGEND

DESCRIPTION

TO DB-9 CONNECTOR PIN#"*

TO DB-25 CONNECTOR

PIN#*"

6 WIRE MODULAR CONNECTOR

+12 VOLTS DC

NOT USED

MISC. SERIAL OUT

PC TRANSMIT DATA

GROUND

PC RECEIVE DATA

MISC. SERIAL IN

NOT USED

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DD*

Example 56*

Range 00* - 90*

PC keyboard, this will move the LX200 North, South, East, or West

respectively. Press the space bar on the PC keyboard to stop.

Press X to exit the program.

"Higher" parameter (degrees).

TT.T

If the LX200 does not respond to the N, S, E, or W keys, be sure

the CAPSLOCK is OFF. If it still does not work, check the PC

serial port pinouts of your computer to be sure they are wired

correctly to the LX200 6-line connector.

Example 59.2

Range

56.4 - 60.1

Tracking "frequency."

With a successful check-out of the PC link with the LX200 using

LX200 TEST, you are now ready to write your own software

program using the LX200 Command Set, or to use the sample

program called "DEMO" that is written in Quick Basic software

language.

<obj> info

Example CNGC1976 SU DNEBMAG 3.9 SZ 66.0'

Range n/a

Object information.

Example

Range

3. LX200 Command Set

0 or 1

Intended for professional programmers, the LX200 Command Set

Status value returned after setting values. If the

value is legal 1 is returned, otherwise 0 is returned.

is used to write custom software for remote operation of the

telescope with

appropriate to its type. Each entry in the command list includes the

command name, any parameters, any return values, and

description. The parameters and the return data are shown in a

manner that indicates their format. These formats are listed below

along with examples of how the data might actually appear, the

legal range of values, and a short description. Below is a detailed

description:

PC. Each command is listed in

section

b. General Telescope Information

Command :GR#

Returns

+HH:MM.T#

Gets the current Flight Ascension.

Command :GD#

Returns sDD*MM#

Gets the current Declination.

a. Command Set Formats

HH:MM.T

Command :GA#

Returns sDD*MM#

Gets the current Altitude.

Example 05:47.4

Range

00:00.0 - 23:59.9

Hours, minutes, and tenths of minutes.

Command :GZ#

Returns DDD*MM#

sDD*MM

Gets the current Azimuth.

Example +45*59

Range

-90*00 - +90*00

Command :GS# Returns

HH:MM:SS#

Signed degrees and minutes (the '" represents

ASCII 223 which appears on the handbox as a

degree symbol).

Gets the current sidereal time.

Command

Returns

:SS HH:MM:SS#

Sets the sidereal time.

DDD*MM

Example 254*09

Range 000*00 - 359*59

Unsigned degrees and minutes.

Command :GL#

:Ga#

Returns

HH:MM:SS

Example 13:15:36

HH:MM:SS#

Gets the local time either in 24 hour (GL) or 12 hour (Ga)

format.

Range

00:00:00-23:59:59

Hours, minutes, and seconds.

Command :SL HH:MM:SS#

MM/DD/YY

Returns

Example 02/06/92

Range 01/01/00 - 12/31/99 (see description)

Month, day, and year. The two digit year

Sets the local time. NOTE: The parameter should always

be in 24 hour format.

indicates the following:

92-99= 1992-1999

00-9) =2000-2091

Command :GC#

Returns MM/DD/YY#

Gets the calendar date.

sHH

Command :SC MM/DD/YY#

Example

Range

Signed hour offset.

-5

Returns

Ok (see description)

-24 - +24

Sets the calendar date. NOTE: After the Ok, if the date is

valid, two strings will be sent. The first will contain the

message "Updating planetary data," the second (sent

after the planetary calculations) will contain only blanks.

Both strings will be terminated by the "#" symbol.

NNNN

Example

Range

3456

0000 - 9999'

Four digit object number.

Command :Gt#

Returns sDD*MM#

sMM.M

Gets the latitude of the currently selected site.

Example 02.4 Range

05.5 - 20.0

Command :St sDD*MM#

Signed magnitude value.

Returns

Sets the latitude of the currently selected site.

NNN

Example

Range

134

000 - 200

Command :Gg#

Returns DDD*MM#

Gets the longitude of the currently selected site.

Three digit object size (minutes).

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Command :Sg DDD*MM#

Returns Ok

commands except ":Q#" and ":h?#" are disabled during

the search.

Sets the longitude of the currently selected site.

Command :GG#

Returns sHH#

Command :hP#

Returns Nothing

Gets the offset from Greenwich Mean Time.

Slews the telescope to the home position.

Command :SG sHH#

Command :h?#

Returns

Returns 0, 1, or 2

Sets the offset from Greenwich Mean Time.

Returns the home status: 0 if home search failed or not

yet attempted, 1 if home position found, or 2 if a home

search is in progress.

Command

:W1#

:W2#

:W3#

e. Library/Objects

Command :Gr#

:W4#

Nothing

Returns

HH:MM.T#

Sets the current site number.

Gefs object right ascension.

c. Telescope Motion

Command :Sr HH:MM.T#

Command

:Mn#

:Ms#

Returns

Sefs object right ascension.

:Me#

:Mw#

Nothing

Command :Gd#

Returns sDD*MM#

Gefs object declination.

Returns

Starts motion in the specified direction at the current rate.

Command :Sd sDD*MM#

Command :MS#

Returns 0, 1, 2, or 4 (see description)

Returns

Sefs object declination.

Slews telescope to current object coordinates.

returned if the telescope can complete the slew, 1 is

returned if the object is below the horizon, 2 is returned if

the object is below the "higher" limit, and 4 is returned if

the object is above the lower limit. If 1, 2, or 4 is returned, a

string containing an appropriate message is also returned.

Command :Sa sDD*MM#

Returns

Sefs object altitude (for MA command).

Command :Sz DDD*MM#

Returns

Command :MA#

Returns

Sefs object azimuth (for MA command).

Command :CM#

Returns (see description)

Slews telescope to object alt-az coordinates (set with the

Sa and Sz commands). This command only works in the

LAND and ALTAZ modes.

Sync. Matches current telescope coordinates to the

object coordinates and sends a string indicating which

object's coordinates were used.

Command :Qn#

Command :Gy#

Returns GPDCO#

:Qs#

:Qe#

Gefs the "type" string for the FIND operation. A capital

letter means that the corresponding type is selected while a

lower case letter indicates it is not.

:Qw#

Nothing

Returns

Stops motion in the specified direction. Also stops the

telescope if a slew to an object is in progress.

Command :Sy GPDCO#

Returns

Command :Q#

Returns Nothing

Stops a slew to an object.

Sefs the "type" string for the FIND operation.

Command :Gq#

Returns SU#, EX#, VG#, GD#, FR#, PR#, or VP#

Gefs fhe current minimum quality for the FIND operation.

Command

:RG#

:RC#

:RM#

:RS#

Nothing

Command :Sq#

Returns Nothing

Returns

Sfeps to the next minimum quality for the FIND operation.

Sefs the motion rate to guide (RG), center (PC), find (RM),

or slew (RS).

Command

Returns

:Gh#

DD*#

Command :Sw N#

Returns Ok

Gefs the current "higher" limit. \

Sefs the maximum slew rate to "N" degrees per second

where N is 2 through 4.

Command

Returns

:Sh DD#

Sefs fhe current "higher" limit.

d. Home Position

Command :hS#

Command :Go#

Returns DD*#

Returns

Nothing

Sfarts a home position search and saves the telescope

position. NOTE: All commands except ":Q#" and ":h?#"

are disabled during the search.

Gefs the current "lower" limit.

Command :So DD*#

Returns

Command :hF#

Returns Nothing

Sefs the current "lower" limit.

Command

:Gb#

:Gf#

Sfarts a home position search and sets the telescope

position according to the saved values. NOTE: All

Returns sMM.M#

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Gefs the brighter (Gb) or fainter (Gf) magnitude limit for

the FIND operation.

:B1#

:B2#

Command

:Sb sMM.M#

:Sf sMM.M#

:B3#

Nothing

Returns

Returns Ok

Increases (B+) or decreases (B-) reticle brightness, or

sets to one of the flashing modes (BO, B1, B2, or B3).

Sets the brighter (Sb) or fainter (Sf) magnitude limit for the

FIND operation.

Command

:F+#

:F-#

Command

Returns NNN'#

:GI#

:Gs#

:FQ#

:FF#

:FS#

Gefs the larger (Gl) or smaller (Gs) size limit for the FIND

Returns

Nothing

operation.

Sfarts focus out (F+), starts focus in (F-), stops focus

change (FQ), sets focus fast (FF), or sets focus slow (FS).

Command

:SI NNN#

:Ss NNN#

Command

:GM#

:GN#

:GO#

:GP#

XYZ#

Returns Ok

Sets the larger (SI) or smaller (Ss) size limit for the FIND

operation.

Command :GF#

Returns NNN'#

Gets the field radius of the FIELD operation.

Returns

Gefs SITE name (XYZ). M through N correspond to 1

through 4.

Command

Returns

:SF NNN#

Command

:SM XYZ#

:SN XYZ#

:SOXYZ#

:SP XYZ#

Sets the field radius of the FIELD operation.

Command

Returns

:LF#

Nothing

Returns

Sefs SITE name.

Starts a FIND operation.

Command :GT#

Command :LN#

Returns Nothing

Returns

TT.T#

Gefs the current track "frequency."

Finds the next object in a FIND sequence.

Command :ST TT.T#

Command :LB#

Returns Nothing

Finds the previous object in a FIND sequence.

Returns

Sefs the current track "frequency."

Command

:TM#

:TQ#

:T+#

:T-#

Nothing

Command :Lf#

Returns (see description)

Performs a FIELD operation returning a string containing

the number of objects in the field and the object that is

closest to the center of the field.

Returns

Switch to manual (TM) or quartz (TM). Increment (T+) or

decrement (T-) manual frequency by one tenth.

Command

:LC NNNN#

:LM NNNN#

Command :D#

Returns (see description)

Gefs the distance "bars'"string.

:LS NNNN#

Nothing

Returns

Sets the object to the NGC (LC), Messier (LM), or Star

(LS) specified by the number. Planets are "stars" 901-

909. The object type returned for LC and LS commands

depends on which object type has been selected with the

Lo and Ls commands (see below).

Command

:AL#

:AP# :AA# Returns

Nothing

Sefs the telescopes alignment type to LAND, POLAR, or

ALTAZ.

Command :LI#

Returns <obj> info#

Command

Returns

:r+# :r-#

Nothing

Gefs the current object information.

Turns the field de-rotator on (:r+#) and off (:r-#).

Command

Returns

:Lo N#

Command

Returns

:f+# :f-#

Nothing

Sefs the NGC object library type. 0 is the NGC library, 1 is

the 1C library, and 2 is the UGC library. This operation is

successful only if the user has a version of the software that

includes the desired library.

Turns fhe fan on (:f+#) and off (:f-#).

Command :Ls N#

Returns Ok

Sefs the STAR object library type. 0 is the STAR library, 1

is the SAO library, and 2 is the GCVS library. This

operation is successful only if the user has a version of

the software that includes the desired library.

f. Miscellaneous

Command

:B+#

:B-#

:BO#

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5 8

Please note that Meade Instruments does not support these

programs, or programs that you may write in any way. For

questions relating to after-market software programs, refer back

to those manufacturers.

4. LX200 Demo Program

The RS-232 interface communicates with your computer at 9600

Baud Rate, Parity = None, 8 Data Bits, 1 Stop Bits. For those who

are familiar with programming, the LX200 Command Set is written in

ASKII character format and can be used to write your own programs.

Meade does recommend and support our Epoch 2000sk software

package which is fully compatible with the LX200 telescope (Fig.

30). This program presents on the display of a personal computer

an incredibly detailed simulation of the entire sky, including up to

281,000 celestial objects

The LX200 Demo Program on the following pages, is written in Quick

Basic and is intended to demonstrate how commands are sent to the

telescope and information is received from the telescope. It is not a

"polished" program and does not incorporate all of the RS-232

features available.

Epoch 2000 allows the presentation of the most complex starfields

just as they actually appear through the telescope. This software

is available for Windows 3.1 or higher, including Windows 95.

The program is set-up to operate on serial port 2 (COM2:). To

operate on serial port 1 (COM1:) line 4 should be changed from

"COM2:" to "COM1:." The program is as follows:

CIS

DEFINTA-X

counter = 0

OPEN

"COM2:9600,N,8,1,CDO,CSO,DSO,OPO,RS,TB2048,RB2048"

FOR RANDOM AS #1

KEY ON

KEY(1)ON

KEY 1, "GOTO":

ONKEY(1) GOSUB key1

KEY(2)ON

KEY 2, "SYNC"

ON KEY(2) GOSUB KEY2

KEY(3)ON

KEY 3, "SLEW"

ON KEY(3) GOSUB key3

KEY(4)ON

KEY 4, "FIND-

ON KEY(4) GOSUB KEY4

KEY(5)ON

KEYS, "CNTR"

ON KEY(5) GOSUB KEYS

KEY(6)ON

KEY 6, "GUIDE"

ON KEY(6) GOSUB KEY6

KEY(11) ON

ON KEY(11) GOSUB key1

KEY(12)ON

ON KEY(12) GOSUB key12

KEY(13) ON

ONKEY(13)GOSUBkey13

KEY(14) ON

ON KEY(14) GOSUB key14

GOSUB status

GOSUB key3

GOSUB help 20

GOSUB telpos

GOSUB OBDRAWGOSUB TIME 50 key$ =

INKEY$: IF key$ = "" THEN GO TO 20

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REM KEYS

IFkey$ = CHR$(119)THEN GOSUB senddir: REM a$ = "#:Mw#"

IFkeyS = CHR$(101)THEN GOSUB senddir: REM a$ = "#:Me#"

IF key$ = CHR$(110) THEN GOSUB senddir: REM a$ = "#:Mn#"

IF key$ = CHR$(115) THEN GOSUB senddir: REM a$ = "#:Ms#"

IF key$ = "m" THEN GOSUB objects

IF key$ = "t" THEN GOSUB objects

IF key$ = "c" THEN GOSUB objects

IF key$ = "p" THEN GOSUB objects

IF key$ = "x" THEN CLS : END

IF key$ = "r" THEN RUN

GO TO 20

END

senddir:

west:

IF key$ = "w" THEN a$ = "#:Mw#": PRINT #1, a$: REM GO TO west east:

IF key$ = "e" THEN a$ = "#:Me#": PRINT #1, a$: REM GO TO east north:

IF key$ = "n" THEN a$ = "#:Mn#": PRINT #1, a$: REM GO TO north south:

IF key$ = "s" THEN a$ = "tt:Ms#": PRINT #1, a$: REM GO TO south

GOSUB telpos key$ = INKEYS:

IF key$ = CHR$(32) THEN GO TO endl ELSE GO TO senddir endl:

B$ = "#:Qe#": PRINT #1, B$

B$ = "#:Qw#": PRINT #1, B$

B$ = "#:Qn#": PRINT #1, B$

B$ = "#:Qs#": PRINT #1, B$

RETURN

telpos:

LOCATE 6, 7: PRINT "TELESCOPE POSITION";

c$ = "#:GR#": PRINT #1, c$; : d$ = INPUT$(8, 1): RAL$ = LEFT$(d$, 3):

RAMS = MID$(d$, 4, 4): LOCATE 7, 10: PRINT USING "RA : \\:\ \"; RAL$; RAM$; c$ =

"#:GD#": PRINT #1, c$; : d$ = INPUT$(7, 1): RAL$ = LEFT$(d$, 3):

RAMS = MID$(d$, 5, 2): LOCATE 8, 10: PRINT "DEC: "; RAL$; CHR$(248); RAMS; "'"; c$

= "#:GA#": PRINT #1, c$; : d$ = INPUT$(7, 1): RALS = LEFT$(d$, 3):

RAMS = MID$(d$, 5, 2): LOCATE 9, 10: PRINT "ALT: "; RALS; CHR$(248); RAMS; ""'; c$ =

"#:GZ#": PRINT #1, c$; : d$ = INPUT$(7, 1): RALS = LEFT$(d$, 3):

RAM$ = MID$(d$, 5, 2): LOCATE 10, 10: PRINT "AZ :"; RAL$; CHR$(248); RAMS; '"";

RETURN

TIME:

LOCATE 1, 32: PRINT "DATE"; : LOCATE 1, 64: PRINT "TIME";

c$ = "#:GS#": PRINT #1, c$; : d$ = INPUT$(9, 1): RAL$ = LEFT$(d$, 2):

RAMS = MID$(d$, 4, 2): RARS = MID$(d$, 7, 2): LOCATE 2, 55:

PRINT USING "Sidereal Time: \\:\\:\\"; RALS; RAM$; RAR$; C$ = "#:GL#":

PRINT #1, c$; : d$ = INPUT$(9, 1): RALS = LEFT$(d$, 2):

RAMS = MID$(d$, 4, 2): RAR$ = MID$(d$, 7, 2): LOCATE 3, 55:

PRINT USING "Local (24hr) : \Y\Y\\"; RALS; RAM$; RARS;

C$ = "#:GG#": PRINT #1, c$; : d$ = INPUT$(4, 1): RAL$ = LEFT$(d$, 3):

LOCATE 3, 25: PRINT USING "GMT Offset: \ \ Hours"; RAL$; c$ =

"#:GC#": PRINT #1, c$; : d$ = INPUT$(9, 1): RAL$ = LEFT$(d$, 2):

RAMS = MID$(d$, 4, 2): RAR$ = MID$(d$, 7, 2): LOCATE 2, 25:

PRINT USING "Date

RETURN

: \\A\A\"; RALS; RAM$; RARS;

objects:

counter =1

LOCATE 21,25

IF key$ = "m" THEN INPUT "Enter Messier number:"; m$: o$ = "#:LM" + m$

IF key$ = "t" THEN INPUT "Enter Star number: "; m$: o$ = "#:LS" + m$

IF key$ = "c" THEN INPUT "Enter CNGC number:"; m$: o$ = "#:LC" + m$

IF key$ = "p" THEN INPUT "Enter Planet number: "; m$: o$ = "#:LS" + m$

o$ = o$ + "#"

PRINT #1, o$

LOCATE 21, 15:

PRINT"

PRINT #1, "#:LI#": infoS = INPUT$(33, 1): REM LOCATE 10, 20: PRINT info$;

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6 0

OBDRAW:

LOCATE 6, 31: PRINT" O B J E C T I N F O R M A T I O N " ;

LOCATE 7, 31: PRINT "Object: "; LEFT$(info$, 9);

LOCATE 8, 31: PRINT "Rating: "; MID$(info$, 10, 7);

LOCATE 9, 31: PRINT "Magnitude: "; MID$(info$, 20, 5);

LOCATE 10, 31: PRINT "Size:

"; MID$(info$, 27, 6);

IF counter = 0 THEN LOCATE 11, 31: PRINT "RA:"; : LOCATE 12, 31:

PRINT "DEC:"; : LOCATE 7, 60: PRINT "Distance to SLEW"; : LOCATE 9,

55: PRINT "RA"; : LOCATE 10, 55: PRINT "Dec"; : GO TO scale c$ = "#:Gr#":

PRINT#1,c$; :d$ = INPUT$(8, 1): RAL$ = LEFT$(d$, 2):

RAMS = MID$(d$, 4, 4): LOCATE 11, 31:

PRINT USING "RA :

\\:\ \"; RAL$; RAMS;

c$ = "#:Gd#": PRINT #1, c$; : d$ = INPUT$(7, 1): RAL$ = LEFT$(d$, 3):

RAMS = MID$(d$, 5,2): LOCATE 12,31:

PRINT "DEC:

"; RAL$; CHR$(248); RAMS;

distbar:

rad$ = "": decd$ = ""

c$ = "#:D#": PRINT #1,c$:d$ = INPUT$(33, 1)

FORi = 1TO16

IFASC(MIDS(d$, i, 1)) = 255 THEN rad$ = rad$ + CHR$(254)

NEXT i

FOR i = 17 TO 33

IFASC(MID$(d$, i, 1)) = 255THEN decd$ = decd$ + CHR$(254)

NEXTi

LOCATE 7, 59: PRINT " Distance to SLEW "; scale:

LOCATE 8, 59: PRINT "0"; CHRS(248); " 45"; CHR$(248); " 90"; CHR$(248); " 150+";

CHR$(248); IF

counter = 0 THEN RETURN

LOCATE 9, 55: PRINT "

";: LOCATE 9, 55:

";: LOCATE 10, 55:

PRINT "RA ";rad$;

LOCATE 10, 55: PRINT"

PRINT "DEC "; decd$;

RETURN

status:

LOCATE 1, 7: PRINT "SITE"

c$ = "#:Gt#": PRINT #1,c$; : d$ = INPUT$(7, 1): RAL$ = LEFT$(d$, 3):

RAMS = MID$(dS, 5, 2): LOCATE 2, 3: PRINT Tat. : "; RAL$; CHRS (248); RAMS; "'"; c$ =

"#:Gg#": PRINT #1, c$; : d$ = INPUT$(7, 1): RAL$ = LEFT$(d$, 3):

RAMS = MID$(d$, 5, 2): LOCATE 3, 3: PRINT "Long.: "; RALS; CHRS (248); RAMS; ""';

BOXSTX = 2: BOXSTY = 3: BOXWIDE = 10: boxtall = 5: GOSUB drawbox

RETURN

keyi:

PRINT #1, "#:MS#"

error1$ = INPUT$(1, 1)

IF errorl $ = "1" OR errorl $ = "2" THEN error2$ = INPUT$(33, 1) ELSE RETURN

LOCATE 22, 20: PRINT error2$

GOSUB clearscr

RETURN

KEY2:

PRINT #1, "#:CM#"

sync$ = INPUT$(33, 1)

LOCATE 22, 20: PRINT sync$;

clearscr:

FOR i = 1 TO 30000: NEXT i: FOR i = 1 TO 30000: NEXT i: FOR i = 1 TO 30000: NEXT i:

LOCATE 22, 20: PRINT "

RETURN

key3:

PRINT #1, "#:RS#"

LOCATE 24, 1: PRINT

LOCATE 24, 18: PRINT CHR$(219); CHR$(178); CHR$(176); CHR$(176); CHR$(178); CHR$(219);

RETURN

KEY4:

PRINT #1,"#:RM#:"

LOCATE 24, 1: PRINT"

LOCATE 24, 26: PRINT CHR$(219); CHR$(178); CHR$(176); CHR$(176); CHR$(178); CHR$(219);

RETURN

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KEYS:

PRINT #1,"#:RC#"

LOCATE 24, 1: PRINT"

LOCATE 24, 34: PRINT CHR$(219); CHR$(178); CHR$(176); CHR$(176); CHR$(178); CHR$(219);

RETURN

KEY6:

PRINT #1, "#:RG#"

LOCATE 24, 1: PRINT"

LOCATE 24, 42: PRINT CHR$(219); CHR$(178); CHR$(176); CHR$(176); CHR$(178); CHR$(219);

RETURN

key11:

key$ ="n"

GOSUB north

RETURN

key12:

key$ = "w"

GOSUB west

RETURN

key 13:

key$ = "e" GOSUB east

RETURN key14:

key$ = "s"

GOSUB south

RETURN

drawbox:

REM

LOCATE BOXSTX, BOXSTY:

REM

BOX$ = CHR$(201)

REM

FOR I = 1 TO BOXWIDE: BOX$ = BOX$ + CHR$(205): NEXT

PRINT BOX$;

RETURN

help:

LOCATE 14, 10: PRINT "E W N S keys move telescope. SPACE BAR stops.";

LOCATE 15, 10: PRINT "M key to enter Messier object.";

LOCATE 16, 10: PRINT "T key to enter sTar."

LOCATE 17, 10: PRINT "P key to enter Planet (900 + orbit #).";

LOCATE 18, 10: PRINT "C key to enter Cngc object.";

LOCATE 19, 10: PRINT "X to End program.";

RETURN

END

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6 2

APPENDIX G: LX200

SPECIFICATIONS

8" LX200 f/6.3

10" LX200 f/6.3

7" LX200 f/15

Telescope

Maksutov-Cassegrain Catadioptric Schmidt-Cassegrain Catadioptric

Schmidt-Cassegrain Catadioptric

Optical Design

Clear Aperture

178mm (7")

194mm (7.625")

2670mm (105")

f/15

203mm (8")

209.6mm (8.25)

1280mm (50.4")

f/6.3

254mm (10")

Primary Mirror Diameter

Focal Length

263.5mm (10.375)

1600mm (63")

Focal Ratio

f/6.3

Resolution

.64 arc sec.

standard

13.5

.56 arc sec

Standard

.45 arc sec

Super Multi-Coatings

Limiting Visual Magnitude (approx)

Limiting Photographic Magnitude (approx)

Image Scale ("/inch)

Maximum Practical Visual Power

Near Focus

Standard

14.0

14.5

16.0

16.5

17.0

.55°/inch

450X

1.14°/inch

500X

0.91 "/inch

625X

50'

25'

50'

9.1" Dia. x 19" Long

2.5" (12.8%)

9.1" Dia. x 16" Long

3.45" (18.6%)

Optical Tube Size

11.75" Dia. x 22" Long

4.0" (16.0%)

Secondary Mirror Obstruction

Telescope Mounting

Heavy-Duty Fork-Type Double Tine

Setting Circle Diameters

RA Motor Drive System

Dec.: 6"; R.A.: 8.75"

9-speed, microprocessor

controlled 12v. DC servo motor;

5.75" worm gear with Smart Drive

9-speed, microprocessor controlled

12v. DC servo motor; 5.75" worm

gear with Smart Drive

9-speed, microprocessor controlled

12v. DC servo motor; 5.75" worm

gear with Smart Drive

Hemispheres of Operation

Declination Control System

North and South -switchable

9-speed, DC servo controlled

5.75" worm gear with Dec drift

software

9-speed, DC servo controlled 5.75"

worm gear with Dec drift software

9-speed, DC servo controlled 5.75"

worm gear with Dec drift software

Motor Drive Gear Diameter

Manual Slow-Motion Controls

Hand Controller

5-3/4" Worm Gear

Dec. and R.A.

5-3/4" Worm Gear

Dec. and R.A.

5-3/4" Worm Gear

Dec. and R.A.

Motorola 68HC05 microcontroller; Motorola 68HC05 microcontroller; 2

2 line x 16 alphanumeric character line x 16 alphanumeric character

display; 19 button keypad, red LED display; 19 button keypad, red LED

Motorola 68HC05 microcontroller; 2

line x 16 alphanumeric character

display; 19 button keypad, red LED

backlit

Main Controller

16 MHz 68000 microprocessor; 1

Meg program memory 16KRAM;

512 byte non-volatile memory

(EEROM)

16 MHz 68000 microprocessor; 1 Meg 16 MHz 68000 microprocessor; 1 Meg

program memory 16K RAM; 51 2 byte program memory 16K RAM; 512 byte

non-volatile memory (EEROM)

9.25" x 16" x 32.5"

0.74° x 0.52°

Telescope Size, Swung Down

35mm Angular Film Coverage

35mm Linear Film Coverage @:

50"

9.25" x 16"x25"

1.55°x 1.08°

12" x 19"x31"

1. 24° x 0.86°

4.7" X 6.6"

4.6' X 6.5'

9.7" x 13.6"

9.4' x 13.3'

56.3' X 79.7'

7.75" x 10.9"

7.5' X 10.7'

500"

27.4' x 38.9'

3000"

45.0' x 63.8'

Tele-Extender Used Without Eyepiece @:

50'

4.4" x 6.5"

4.2' x 5.5'

24' x 34'

9.1" x 13.3"

7.7' x 14.1'

48' x 70'

7.3" X 10.6"

6.1' X 9.0'

39' x 56'

500'

3000'

Net Telescope Weights (approx)

Telescope

45#

37#

61#

N/A

26#

20#

Optional Equatorial Wedge

Optional Super Wedge

Field Tripod

N/A

20#

N/A

20#

Accessories

Shipping Weights (approx)

Telescope

65#

69#

N/A

38#

26#

N/A

64# (w/ case)

Equatorial Wedge (optional)

Super Wedge (optional)

Field Tripod

N/A

26#

N/A

26#

N/A

Case (for 10" models)

Accessories

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6 3

200 f/10

8" LX200I/10

an-Schmidt-Cassegrain

Catadioptric

10" LX200f/10

Telescope

Schmidt-Cassegrain Catadioptric

Ophcai Design

Clear Aperture

203mm (8")

209.6mm (8.25)

2000mm (80")

f/10

254mm (10")

263.5mm (10.375)

2500mm (100")

f/10

305mm (12")

Primary Mirror Diameter

Focal Length

314.3mm (12.375")

3048mm (120")

Focal Ratio

f/10

Resolution

.56 arc sec

Standard

14.0

.45 arc sec

Standard

.375 arc sec

Super Multi-Coatings

Limiting Visual Magnitude (approx)

Limiting Photographic Magnitude (approx)

Image Scale (°/inch)

Maximum Practical Visual Power

Near Focus

Standard

14.5

15.0

16.5

17.0

17.5

0.72°/inch

500X

0.57°/inch

625X

0.48°/inch

750X

50'

25'

75'

11.75" Dia. x 22" Long

3.7" (13.7%)

Optical Tube Size

9.1" Dia. x 16" Long

3.0" (14.1%)

13.6" Dia. X25" Long

4.0" (11.1%)

Secondary Mirror Obstruction

Telescope Mounting

Heavy-Duty Fork-Type Double

Tine

Heavy-Duty Fork-Type Double Tine

Setting Circle Diameters

RA Motor Drive System

Dec.: 6"; R.A.: 8.75"

9-speed, microprocessor

controlled 12v. DC servo motor;

5.75" worm gear with Smart Drive gear with Smart Drive

9-speed, microprocessor controlled

12v. DC servo motor; 5.75" worm

9-Speed, microprocessor controlled

12v. DC servo motor; 5.75" worm

gear with Smart Drive

Hemispheres of Operation

Declination Control System

North and South -switchable

9-speed, DC servo controlled

5.75" worm gear with Dec drift

software

9-speed, DC servo controlled 5.75"

worm gear with Dec drift software

9-speed, DC servo controlled 5.75"

worm gear with Dec drift software

Motor Drive Gear Diameter

Manual Slow-Motion Controls

Hand Controller

5-3/4" Worm Gear

Dec. and R.A.

5-3/4" Worm Gear

Dec. and R.A.

5-3/4" Worm Gear

Dec. and R.A.

Motorola 68HC05 microcontroller; Motorola 68HC05 microcontroller; 2

2 line x 16 alphanumeric character line x 16 alphanumeric character

display; 19 button keypad, red LED display; 19 button keypad, red LED

Motorola 68HC05 microcontroller; 2

line x 16 alphanumeric character

display; 19 button keypad, red LED

backlit

16 MHz 68000 microprocessor; 1 16 MHz 68000 microprocessor; 1 Meg 16 MHz 68000 microprocessor; 1 Meg

Main Controller

Meg program memory 16KRAM;

512 byte non-volatile memory

(EEROM)

program memory 16K RAM; 512 byte program memory 16K RAM; 51 2 byte

non-volatile memory (EEROM)

Telescope Size, Swung Down

35mm Angular Film Coverage

35mm Linear Film Coverage @:

50"

9.25" x 16"x25"

0.97° x 0.68°

12" x 19" x 31"

0.78° x 0.54°

15"x20"x37"

0.65° x 0.45°

6.2" x 8.7"

6.0¹x 8.5'

5.0" x 7.0"

4.8' x 6.8'

4.1" x 5.8"

4.0' x 5.7'

500"

36.0' X 51.0'

3000"

28.8' x 40.8'

24.0' x 34.0'

Tele-Extender Used Without Eyepiece @:

50'

6.8" X 8.5"

4.9' x 7.2'

31'x45'

4.6" x 6.8"

4.0' x 5.8'

25' X 36'

3.5" x 5.7"

3.3' x 4.8'

21'x30'

500'

3000'

Net Telescope Weights (approx)

Telescope

37#

61#

N/A

26#

20#

70#

N/A

26#

50#

Optional Equatorial Wedge

Optional Super Wedge

Field Tripod

N/A

20#

Accessories

Shipping Weights (approx)

Telescope

64# (w/ case)

69#

N/A

38#

26#

30#

95# (w/ case)

N/A

Equatorial Wedge (optional)

Super Wedge (optional)

Field Tripod

N/A

26#

30#

38#

57#

Case (for 1 0" models)

N/A

10#

Accessories

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Operating Instructions

Meade Standard Field Tripod

For use with the 7" LX200 Maksutov-Cassegrain, 8" LX200 and 10"

LX200 Schmidt-Cassegrain, and 4" and 5" ED APO Telescopes

The Standard Field Tripod is supplied as a completely assembled unit,

up. Place 1 "C" clip retainer into the slot in the threaded rod. This clip

except for the spreader bar (4, Fig. 1) and the 2 lock knobs (6, Fig. 1)

for each of the 3 tripod legs, used to adjust tripod height. These

knobs are packed separately for safety in shipment.

holds the threaded rod in place. (See Fig. 2.)

Position the spreader bar so that the 3 arms of the spreader bar are

lined up with the 3 tripod legs. Place the entire telescope onto the top

of the tripod head, and thread the threaded rod into the central

threaded hole in the bottom of the drive base of the telescope. Tighten

the tension knob (3, Fig. 1); firm tightening of the tension knob is

sufficient to result in rigid positioning of the tripod legs. It is not

necessary to use extreme force in tightening this knob.

For visual (i.e., non-photographic) observations, the drive base of the

telescope's fork mount is attached directly to the field tripod. The

telescope in this way is mounted in an "Altazimuth" (Altitude-

Azimuth," or "Vertical-Horizontal") format.

After removing the field tripod from its shipping carton, stand the

tripod vertically, with the tripod feet down and with the tripod fully

collapsed (Fig. 2). Remove the carton strap holding one leg and

extension strut together. Grasp two of the tripod legs and, with the full

weight of the tripod on the third leg, gently pull the legs apart to a fully

open position.

To vary the tripod height loosen the 6 lock-knobs, slide the 3 inner

tripod leg sections out to the desired height, and firmly re-tighten (but

do not over-tighten) the 6 lock knobs.

To collapse the tripod after removing the telescope and equatorial

wedge, if applicable, rotate the spreader bar 60° from its assembled

position so that one spreader bar arm is located between each

adjacent pair of tripod legs. At the base of the tripod is a 3-vane

extension strut system (7, Fig. 1) with a circular hub at its center (8,

Fig. 1). Grasp the tripod head (1, Fip,. 1) with one hand and, with the

other hand, pull directly "up" on the central hub of the extension strut

system. This operation will cause the tripod legs to move inward to a

collapsed position.

Thread in the 6 lock knobs (2 on each tripod) near the foot of each

tripod leg. These lock knobs are used to fix the height of the inner,

extendible tripod leg sections.

CAUTION: "Firm feel" tightening is sufficient; over-

tightening may strip the threads of the lock knobs or

damage the tripod, and results in no additional strength.

The spreader bar (5, Fig. 1) has been removed for shipment. To

install, first remove the threaded rod (2, Fig. 1) from the bottom of the

tripod head (1, Fig. 1). A small piece of plastic holds the threaded rod

in place. Enclosed in the plastic bag attached to this instruction sheet

is a "C" clip retainer and an extra clip, and 1 flat washer. These items

will be used below.

CAUTION: If the tripod does not seem to extend or

collapse easily, do not force the tripod legs in or out. By

following the instructions above, the tripod will function

properly, but if you are unclear on the proper procedure, -

forcingIheWpod into an Incorrect position may damage

the extension strut system.

Slide the flat washer (4, Fig. 1) onto the threaded rod so that it rests

against the tension knob (3, Fig. 1). Slide the spreader bar onto the

threaded rod (note the correct orientation as shown in Fig. 1) and from

underneath pass the threaded rod through the tripod head (1, Fig. 1).

Be sure that the spreader bar is not upside-down on the threaded

rod; the flat side of the spreader bar should face

If you have any questions regarding the use of the Field Tripod,

please call Meade Customer Service at (949) 451-1450. Customer

Service hours are from 8:30am to 4:30pm Pacific Time, Monday

through Friday.

- "C" Clip

(1) Tripod Head

(2) Threaded Rod

(3) Tension Knob

(4) Spreader Bar

(5) Lock Knobs

(6) Extension Strut

(7) Tension Hub

Fig. 1: Field Tripod

Fig. 2: Field Tripod (collapsed)

A D V A N C E D P R O D U C T S D I V I S I O N

Meade Instruments Corporation

World's Leading Manufacturer of Astronomical Telescopes for the Serious Amateur

6001 Oak Canyon, Irvine, California 92618 • (949)451-1450

FAX: (949) 451-1460 • www.meade.com

Version 0700

Part Number 14-0220-00

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Operating Instructions

Meade® 18-volt DC Power Supply

For Use with Meade LX200 Model Telescopes

DC OPERATION

INTRODUCTION

Meade LX200 model telescopes are now supplied

with 18-volt DC systems. This higher voltage allows

for smoother slewing at high speeds and more

reliable telescope operation.

(Using the optional #1812 Electronic DC Adapter)

For DC operation from a car battery, perform the

following steps:

NOTE: The 25-ft. (8-m) DC power cord cannot be

connected directly to the cigarette lighter plug—

you must use the #1812 Electronic DC Adapter.

You can operate Meade LX200 telescopes from any

120vAC indoor power outlet using the 18-volt AC

Adapter, or from a 12vDC source (a car battery)

using the optional #1812 Electronic DC Adapter (see

the figure below.)

1. Connect the optional #1812 DC Adapter to the

car cigarette lighter plug.

AC OPERATION

2. Connect the 25-ft. (8-m) DC power cord to the

#1812 DC Adapter.

To power the telescope using AC house current,

follow these steps:

LPlug the AC Adapter into an indoor wall

3. Plug the 25-ft. (8 m) DC power cord into the

18vDC connector on the power panel of the

LX200.

receptacle.

CAUTION: The AC adapter supplied with this

telescope is for indoor use only. Do not plug

this adapter into an outdoor AC receptacle or

serious electrical shock may result.

4. Operate the telescope as described in the LX200

Instruction Manual.

2. Connect the 25-ft. (8-m) DC power cord to the AC

adapter.

CUSTOMER SERVICE

If you have any questions regarding the use of the

18-volt DC power supply, please call Meade

Customer Service at (949) 451-1450. Customer

Service hours are from 8:30 AM to 4:30 PM Pacific

Time, Monday through Friday.

3. Plug the 25-ft. (8-m) DC power cord into the

18vDC connector on the power panel of the

LX200.

4. Operate the telescope as described in the LX200

Instruction Manual.

To indoor wall

AC Adapter

receptacle

NOTE: DC Power Cord with

inline fuse must be used or

warranty will be void.

25 ft. (8 m.) DC Power Cord

To car cigarette

#1812 Electronic DC Adapter

lighter plug

(Optional)

A D V A N C E D P R O D U C T S D I V I S I O N

Meade Instruments Corporation

World's Leading Manufacturer of Astronomical Telescopes for the Serious Amateur

6001 Oak Canyon, Irvine, California 92618 • (949)451-1450

FAX: (949) 451-1460 • www.meade.com

Version 0700

Part No. 14-110-01

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